RU1779917C - X-ray deformation meter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to measuring technique and is intended for x-ray strain measurements. The aim of the invention is to expand the range of controlled products and increase the accuracy of measurements due to the possibility of using the apparatus in hard-to-reach places and providing an optimal range of angles of convergence of the output beams. When the power source is turned on, two electron flows arise to the anodes located on the focusing circle on both sides relative to the longitudinal axis of the tube at the same distances from the axis and oriented so that the planes of their mirrors are parallel and inclined to the longitudinal axis of the tube at an angle of 60-67 , 5 °, and in the anode material as a result of electron deceleration, x-ray radiation occurs, the beams of which, after interacting with the controlled surface, diffracted in the material, and then an integral element of the diffracted beam registration sensor located on one of the side faces of the tube made flat. 1 C.p. f-ls, 4 ill. with C

Description

The invention relates to measuring technique and is intended for x-ray strain measurements.

The aim of the invention is to expand the range of controlled products and increase the accuracy of measurements due to the possibility of using it in hard-to-reach areas and providing an optimal range of angles of convergence of the output beams.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of an x-ray apparatus, a section in a measurement position; figure 2 is the same. side view; in Fig.Z - the same, a top view; figure 4 is the same side view in the direction of the axis of the tube.

The x-ray apparatus contains an x-ray tube 1, the body of which is made with flat side faces, with two identical identical anodes 2, 3 located on the focusing circle 4 centered at the measurement point 5 on both sides relative to the longitudinal axis 6 of the tube 1 at the same distance from it x h, the planes of the mirrors of the anodes 2, 3 are parallel and inclined to the longitudinal axis 6 of the tube 1 at equal distances x h, the planes of the mirrors of the anodes 2, 3 are parallel and inclined to the longitudinal axis 6 of the tube 1 at angles a equal to a 60 -67.5 °, total and 7 Tocnik electrons whose center lies on a straight 8 connecting the centers

VI

VI h)

Yu

vl

mirrors of the anodes 2, 3, doses of the output windows 9.10 of the tube 1 are intended for the output of x-ray radiation and their axes 11, 12 intersect at the measurement point 5 at an angle / equal to / 7 45-60 °, the diffracted beam registration sensor 13 is connected by a flexible cable 14 with a registration system (not shown) and mounted on one of the flat side faces of the tube 1. The sensor 13 is made with a sensitive element 15, curved in accordance with the trace of the normal projection of the focusing circle A onto this face. A solid state semiconductor detector is used as a sensitive element. The apparatus contains two focusing stops 16, 17 fixed to the tube 1 body, and a high-voltage power supply 18 of the tube 1. The stops 16 are equipped with magnetic washers 19, 20 that hold the device after it is fixed.

The centers of the windows 9, 10 and the center of the electron source 7 lie in the plane of symmetry of the tube 1, formed by the intersection of its longitudinal axis 6 with line 8 connecting the mirror centers of the anodes 2, 3, which are oriented so that the planes of the mirrors are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the tube under angle of 60-67.5 °.

The device operates as follows.

The casing of the tube 1 is brought to the surface 21 in such a way that the tips of the stops 16, 17 touch the surface and fix the device using washers 19, 20. When the power source 18 is turned on, two electron flows from the source 9 to the anodes 2 and 3, the braking of the electrons in the material of which is accompanied by the emission of X-ray beams in the direction of the controlled point 5. The geometric dimensions of the beams and the angle of convergence are determined by the size and location of the mirrors of the anodes 2,3 and windows 9, 10. After diffraction in the controlled material, rhnosti both the primary beam fall on the sensor 15 which detects the position of the diffracted beams, of which data is received via the cable 14 to the input of an analog-computing device (Fig. not shown), which converts tribute

The values of diffraction angles Qi and Qa for beams incident at angles of 1 ° 0 ° and & - 45-60 °, respectively. The values of the diffraction angles by known methods calculate the magnitude of the deformation according to the formula

sinCh

 sin Q2

-1

10

sin2 $

fifteen

twenty

25

40

To ensure maximum measurement accuracy, the inclination of the plane of the mirrors of the anodes 2, 3 to the longitudinal axis 6 of the tube should be 60-67.5 °, because in this case, the corresponding intersection angles of the axes of both x-ray beams will lie in the range of 45-60 °, i.e. in the optimal range of angles of convergence.

Claims (2)

1. An x-ray apparatus for measuring deformations, comprising an x-ray tube with two anodes, two output windows and an electron source, a diffracted beam registration sensor and a high-voltage power source for the tube, characterized in that, in order to expand the assortment of controlled products, it is equipped with stops In the case of the tube made with flat side faces, the anodes are located on the focusing circle on both sides relative to the longitudinal axis of the tube at equal distances x and “Are oriented so that the planes of their mirrors are parallel, the electron source is installed so that its center and the centers of the exit windows lie in the plane of symmetry of the tube formed by the intersection of the longitudinal axis of the tube and a line connecting the centers of the anode mirrors, respectively, and the detection sensor is located on one of the side faces of the tube and is made with a sensitive element, curved in accordance with . following the normal projection of the focusing circle onto this face. 2. The device according to claim 1, with the fact that, in order to improve the accuracy of measurements, the anodes are oriented so that the planes of the mirrors are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the tube at an angle of 60-67.5 °. th "/ FIG. I / fifteen Phi & Z