RU11302U1 - DEVICE FOR FUEL COMBUSTION IN A PULSING FLOW - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for burning fuels in a pulsating flow containing ignition and preliminary heat treatment chambers, a resonator tube, air ducts, characterized in that the resonator tube consists of two parts and is adjacent to the ignition chamber, forming an annular gap between its upper and lower parts, at the same time, a turbulator is located in the upper half of the pipe, and the preliminary preparation chamber is connected to the ignition chamber. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the annular gap between the upper and lower parts of the resonator tube is controlled by moving its lower part. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the turbulator consists of several components having the ability to move relative to each other along the axis of the resonator tube. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional multi-nozzle diffusion burner is mounted in the resonator tube. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is equipped with a heat exchanger and an ash collector, the ash collector is also a windproof hood.

Description

DEVICE FOR FUEL COMBUSTION IN A PULSING FLOW

The invention relates to a power system, in particular, to devices for burning solid low-reaction fuels, spent by them, rubber waste for the purpose of heat recovery, when their products of combustion contain a low concentration of carcinogenic substances.

A device containing a cyclone is known in which large particles are burnt to a certain size and carried out by a stream containing a lot of gaseous fuel, an ignition chamber, a resonator tube for afterburning residual combustible elements LC6. Vibration burning in some model devices. Kazan, KSU Publishing House, 1970, p.148-1493.

The disadvantage of the above device is the need for crushing of fuel (tires) into pieces, instability of vibrational combustion associated with uneven supply of fuel to the ignition chamber, large mechanical ablation from the resonator pipe in the atmosphere. A device (prototype) containing a flame chamber adjacent to the resonant pipe is also known. , air ducts, LA.C. fuel pretreatment chamber USSR 237324, F 23d 11/34, 1969, BN 83.

This device has such a disadvantage as disruption of vibrational combustion resulting from poor heat treatment of the fuel in the chamber, due to the lack of the ability to control the flow of combustible elements and with strong gusts of wind. In case of disruptions in the flow pulsations, the ignition zone moves into the resonance tube, and the design of the device does not allow returning combustion to pulsation mode. As a result, a sharp deterioration of environmental parameters at the cut of the resonator tube: increased smoke, increased chemical underburning. In this device, it is not possible to retain the mechanical impurities carried by the stream into the environment and protect it from thermal pollution. The disadvantage of the device also includes the need for preliminary mechanical processing of fuel in order to turn it into a dust form, as a result of which the technology becomes expensive, inefficient and reduces the efficiency unit.

MIK F 23d ii / 34

The technical result is the creation of an economically highly efficient design that provides environmentally friendly burning of solid fuels, including used tires, without preliminary mechanical treatment with the possibility of utilizing the heat generated during combustion.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in the proposed device for burning fuels in a pulsating flow containing ignition and preliminary heat treatment chambers, air ducts, a resonator tube, characterized in that the resonator tube consists of two parts and is adjacent to the ignition chamber, forming an annular gap honey with its upper and lower parts, while in the upper half of the pipe there is a turbulator, and the preliminary preparation chamber is connected to the ignition chamber.

The turbulator consists of several components having the ability to move relative to each other along the axis of the resonator tube.

The size of the annular gap between the upper and lower parts of the resonator tube is controlled by the movement of its lower part.

The indicated technical result is also achieved by the fact that an additional multi-nozzle diffusion burner is mounted in the resonator pipe, and the pipe itself is equipped with a heat exchanger and an ash collector, and the ash collector is also a windproof hood.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the device mounted on a metal frame base; figure 2 - the device in the context of loaded into the hopper worn tires.

The device is mounted on a frame base 2 (figure 1), welded from steel corners. The device includes an ignition chamber 4, to which a hopper 5 (a preliminary heat preparation chamber for fuel) of a cylindrical shape with a lid 81 is mounted on top. To open and close the lid, the proposed device has a lever 7 with a latch 6. A plate 10 is placed inside the hopper 5 (Fig. 2) , which serves to reduce the volume of the hopper 5 as worn tires burn out. The plate 10 is connected with the cover 8 with a cable 12 (FIG. 2), designed to lift the plate 10 when opening the cover 8 of the hopper 5. The cover 8 in the open position is fixed by a latch 6 (figure 1).

air ducts 3 are connected to the conical part of the ash pan 1. A grate 7f made of cast iron is located on the lower base of the ignition chamber 4 (Fig. 2). Under the grate 7 there is an annular gag burner 2 with an electric igniter 6. A resonator tube is connected coaxially to the ignition chamber 4 (FIG. 1), consisting of two parts - the upper 13 (FIG. 2) and the lower 20. On the upper part of the resonator 13 mounted cylindrical heat exchanger 11 with inlet and outlet fittings 16, 14, respectively. A multi-nozzle diffusion warbler 17 is attached to the base of the upper part of the resonator 13. To ignite the burner, there is a window with a plug 18 on the side surface of the ignition chamber. A mesh turbulator 15 consisting of several components (plates) is placed in the resonator tube above the burner. Moreover, the gap between the plates is adjustable. An ash collector 14 (FIG. 1) with a collector 12 is attached to the output section of the upper part of the resonator 13. The lower part of the resonator 20 (FIG. 2) is connected to the ignition chamber using a pipe 19, in which it moves freely along its axis under the action of the lever 9 ( figure 1). In the desired position, the lower part of the resonator 20 is fixed by the latch 10.

The device operates as follows. The lever 7 (Fig. 1) opens the lid 8 of the hopper 5, which pulls the plate 10 with a cable 12. In the open position, the lid 8 is held by the latch 6 (Fig. 1). Worn tires 9 are loaded into the hopper 5, which at the same time serves as a fuel thermal preparation chamber. When the lever is removed from the latch 6, the cover 8 is closed. At the same time, the plate 10 (FIG. 2) fits snugly against the upper tire. Tight closing of the hopper is ensured by a sealing device between the hopper and the lid. An electric igniter 6 (FIG. 2) ignites a combustible gas, the combustion products of which ignite the rubber. Highly heated gases containing unburned combustible elements, through an annular gap formed between the upper and lower parts of the resonator tube 13 and 20, respectively, move towards the ash collector 14 (Fig. 1). Turns on the diffusion burner 17 (figure 2), which can operate on both gas and liquid fuels. This fuel is ignited by highly heated gases or a wick through window 18 (the plug is removed during ignition).

The fuel flowing out from the burner 17 (FIG. 2) forms small diffusion streams that are strongly turbulized behind the mesh turbulator 15. A flat combustion zone is formed located at a height of one fourth of the total length of the resonator pipe. IN

the latter is excited by longitudinal acoustic vibrations that promote vigorous mixing of the gas-air mixture. Unburned elements contained in the products of combustion of burning rubber, passing through a high-temperature zone, completely burn out, increasing the heat stress of this zone. High temperature and acoustic vibrations ensure the environmental cleanliness of the combustion products at the time of rubber ignition. Acoustic disturbances penetrate through the annular gap of the resonator tube into the ignition chamber 4 with the ash pan 1, where they force the flame front to oscillate at the rubber burning surface. The intensity of ignition is determined by the amplitude of acoustic pulsations and is controlled by a change in fuel consumption in a diffusion burner and a change in the size of the cavity gap.

Rubber ignition is activated by the removal of combustion products from the combustion surface by acoustic pulsations, i.e. periodic blowing. Favorable conditions are created for free access of atmospheric oxygen to the combustion surface. In the ignition chamber 4, the air necessary for combustion enters through air ducts 3, which at the same time play the role of aerodynamic valves. As the rubber flares up, the gas on the burner 2 (Fig. 2) is turned off and the fuel consumption on the diffusion burner 17 decreases. The combustion products after fully firing the rubber are intensively drawn into the resonator tube and are actively mixed with the secondary air in the intergrid space of the turbulator 15. The fuel supply to the diffusion the burner 17 (FIG. 2) ceases, a certain amount of clearance is established between the upper and lower parts of the resonator corresponding to a stable self-oscillating process. Rubber fuel in the preliminary preparation chamber (bunker) undergoes the necessary heat treatment from heated gases. This contributes to the rapid ignition and intense burning of the tire in the ignition chamber.

In the combustion zone, high tightness is maintained, destruction and loosening of the combustion surface occurs, and the burning rate increases. These processes are positively influenced by pulsations: the rate of blowing of fuel particles increases, the turbulization of the flow increases, leading to vigorous mixture formation and convective heating. With the passage of combustion products through the turbulator 15 located in the resonator tube, they are mixed with secondary air and the active burning of residual combustible elements. As a result of this, the thermal intensity of the turbulator remains high enough to maintain a self-oscillating process.

The above factors provide a high degree of combustion, a sharp decrease in mechanical entrainment. stable vibration burning. Highly heated gases in the resonator tube oscillate, which increases the heat transfer from the gas to the wall and prevents slag deposits on the pipe walls. As a small amount of the remaining mechanical particles moves along the pipe under acoustic influence, they agglomerate. In the ash collector, the speed of movement of solid suspensions drops sharply. This leads to the deposition of particles that accumulate in the collector 12 (figure 1). The ash collector also contributes to the stability of vibration combustion due to its windproof properties. As the last rubber tire burns out, the fuel is again supplied to the diffusion burner, providing the necessary thermal power of the turbulator to maintain the self-oscillating process. This ensures the ecological purity of the combustion products at the end of the process until the rubber fuel burns out completely.

Thus, the proposed device allows you to burn worn-out car tires without their preliminary machining, other types of solid fuels - with their partial machining. Due to the stable pulsating combustion, a high completeness of combustion is achieved, which protects the environment from harmful substances, and the high heat transfer rate observed in this case ensures utilization of heat and protects the environment from thermal pollution. The proposed device also allows you to filter the combustion products of solid fuels from mechanical impurities.

Authorized person /} yag / R G.I. Pavlov

1.0 $ .98 g.

Claims (5)

1. A device for burning fuels in a pulsating flow containing ignition and preliminary heat treatment chambers, a resonator tube, air ducts, characterized in that the resonator tube consists of two parts and is adjacent to the ignition chamber, forming an annular gap between its upper and lower parts, at the same time, a turbulator is located in the upper half of the pipe, and the preliminary preparation chamber is connected to the ignition chamber.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnitude of the annular gap between the upper and lower parts of the resonator tube is controlled by the movement of its lower part.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the turbulator consists of several components having the ability to move relative to each other along the axis of the resonator tube.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional multi-nozzle diffusion burner is mounted in the resonator tube. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device is equipped with a heat exchanger and an ash collector, the ash collector is simultaneously a windproof hood.