KR880700782A - New composite ceramic with improved toughness - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

New composite ceramic with improved toughness

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Claims (84)

Between densified refractory objects having toughness about 10% greater than that of composite ceramics of other similar compositions and forms of refractory materials selected from oxides, carbides, nitrides, silicides, braids, sulfides, and mixtures thereof, and particles of refractory material A high-density refractory body composite ceramic made of a binder capable of plastic deformation present in an amount sufficient to at least partially fill the bran. The composite ceramic of claim 1, wherein the ceramic has a ten percent greater toughness than other composite ceramic films substantially presintered prior to final densification. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the ceramic has 15% greater toughness. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the ceramic has 25% greater toughness. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has a 19% greater binder distribution than the composite ceramic of another similar composition. 3. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has a 50% greater binder distribution than the composite ceramic of other similar adjustments. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has a binder distribution that is 100% greater than the composite ceramic of another similar composition. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has an average grain particle size of less than about 10 microns. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has an average grain particle size of less than about 5 microns. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has an average grain particle size of less than about 2 microns. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has an average grain particle size of less than about 1 micron. The composite ceramic of claim 5, wherein the composite ceramic has an average grain particle size of less than about 10 microns. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has an average circular number of less than about 17. 4. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has a round number of less than about 15.5. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has a circular number of about 1.174 million. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has an average circular number of less than about 13.2. The composite ceramic of claim 13, wherein the composite ceramic has a 10% greater binder distribution than the composite ceramic of another similar composition. 18. The composite ceramic of claim 17, wherein the composite ceramic has an average grain particle size of less than about 10 microns. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the composite ceramic has 10% greater toughness and at least about the same hardness as compared to composite ceramics of other similar compositions and forms. The process of claim 2 wherein the binder is selected from cobalt, nickel, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, titanium, chromium, niobium, boron, zirconium, vanadium, silicon, palladium, hafnium, aluminum, copper and alloys thereof and mixtures thereof. Composite ceramic chosen. 21. The composite ceramic of claim 20, comprising about 70 to about 99.5 volume percent of the fire resistant material and about 0.5 to about 30 volume percent of the binder. 21. The composite ceramic of claim 20, comprising about 70 to about 99.5 volume percent of the fire resistant material and about 0.5 to about 30 volume percent of the binder. 21. The composite ceramic of claim 20, comprising about 80 to about 94 volume percent of the fire resistant material and about 6 to about 20 volume percent of the binder. The fire-resistant material of claim 2, wherein the fire resistant material is alumina, zirconia, magnesia, mullite, zircon, toria, beryllia, urania, spinel, tungsten carbide, tantalum carbide, titanium carbide, nionium carbide, zirconium carbide, boron carbide, Hafnium Carbide, Silicon Carbide, Niobium Boron Carbide, Aluminum Nitride, Titanium Nitride, Zirconium Nitride, Tantalum Nitride, Hafnium Nitride, Nionium Nitride, Boron Nitride, Silicon Nitride, Titanium Boride, Chromium Boride , Zirconium boride, tantalum boride, molybdenum boride, tungsten boride cerium sulfide, cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, titanium sulfide, magnesium sulfide, zirconium sulfide and mixtures thereof, and the binder is cobalt, nickel, ti Titanium, chromium, niobium, boron, palladium, hafnium, silicon, tantalum, molybdenum, zirconium, vanadium, aluminum, copper and alloys thereof and a composite ceramic is selected from a mixture thereof. The fire resistant material of claim 2, wherein the fire resistant material is tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide, silicon carbide, niobium boron carbide, tantalum carbide, boron carbide, alumina, silicon nitride, boron nitride, titanium nitride, titanium boride and And a binder is selected from cobalt, nickel, titanium, chromium, niobium, palladium, hafnium, tantalum and mixtures thereof. The composite ceramic of claim 2, wherein the fire resistant material is selected from tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide and mixtures thereof, and the binder is selected from cobalt, niobium, titanium and mixtures thereof. The composite ceramic according to claim 2, comprising tungsten carbide and cobalt. The composite ceramic of claim 27, comprising about 80 to about 99.5 volume% tungsten carbide and about 0.5 to about 20 volume% cobalt. The composite ceramic of claim 27, comprising about 80 to about 99.5 volume% tungsten carbide and about 0.5 to about 20 volume% cobalt. The composite ceramic of claim 27, comprising about 94% tungsten carbide and about 6 volume% cobalt. At least 85% of the plastically deformable binders present in an amount sufficient to at least partially fill the gap between the refractory and selected particles of the refractory and selected from oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, sulfides and mixtures thereof. And fire resistance of about 10,000 psi (6.89 × 10 ¹ MPa) at temperatures below the liquefaction temperature of the binder, under conditions where a high density refractory object is manufactured to exhibit a toughness of 10% greater than that exhibited by composite ceramics of other similar compositions and forms. A method for producing a high density refractory object composite ceramic, characterized in that the composite ceramic is brought into contact under a pressure which is the breaking point of the object for a time sufficient to reach 85% of its theoretical density and less than a time sufficient for sintering to occur. 32. The method of claim 31 wherein the pressure is applied isostatically. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the refractory body has a toughness of 10% greater than that of other refractory objects substantially presintered prior to final densification. The method of claim 33, wherein the refractory object has 15% greater toughness. The method of claim 33, wherein the refractory object has 25% greater toughness. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the composite ceramic has a 10% greater binder distribution than the composite ceramics of other similar compositions. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the composite ceramic has an average grain particle size of less than about 10 microns. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the composite ceramic has a 10% greater binder distribution than the composite ceramics of other similar compositions. The method of claim 33, wherein the composite ceramic has an average circular number of less than about 17. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the composite ceramic has 10% greater toughness and at least about the same hardness when compared to composite ceramics of other similar compositions and forms. The binder of claim 33 wherein the binder is selected from cobalt, nickel, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, chromium, niobium, boron, zirconium, vanadium, silicon, hafnium, palladium, aluminum, copper and alloys thereof and mixtures thereof. Way. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein about 50 to about 99.5% by volume of the refractory material selected from oxides, carbides, nitrides, salicides, borides, sulfides, and mixtures thereof is contacted with about 0.5 to about 50% by weight of the binder. The method of claim 33, wherein the pressure is about 50,000 psi (3.4 × 10 ² Mpa) to near the break point of the refractory object. The method of claim 33, wherein the pressure is between about 70,000 psi (4.8 × 10 ² Mpa) and near the break point of the refractory object. The method of claim 33, wherein the pressure is about 100,000 psi (6.89 × 10 ² Mpa) to about the break point of the refractory object. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the temperature is between about 400 ° C and about 2900 ° C. The method of claim 33, wherein the contact time is less than about 1 hour. The method of claim 33, wherein the contact time is less than about 1 minute. The method of claim 33, wherein the contact time is less than about 10 seconds. The method of claim 33, further comprising alumina, zirconia, magnesia, mullite, zircon, toria, beryllia, urania, spinel, tungsten carbide, tantalum carbide, titanium carbide, niobium carbide, zirconium carbide, boron carbide, hafnium carbide, Silicon carbide, niobium carbide aluminum nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, tantalum nitride, hafnium nitride, niobium nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitrite, titanium boride, chromium boride, zirconium boride, Refractory materials selected from tantalum boride, molybdenum boride, tungsten boride, cerium sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, cadmium sulfide zinc sulfide, titanium sulfide, magnesium sulfide, zirconium sulfide and mixtures thereof are selected from cobalt, Method of contacting the Kell, titanium, chromium, out byum, boron, palladium, hafnium, silicon, tantalum, molybdenum, zirconium, vanadium, aluminum, copper, and a binder selected from the group consisting of alloys thereof, and mixtures thereof. The refractory material of claim 33 wherein the refractory material is selected from tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide, silicon carbide, niobium boron carbide, tantalum carbide, boron carbide, alumina, silicon nitride, boron nitride, titanium nitride and mixtures thereof. And contacting with a binder selected from nickel, titanium, corium, niobium, palladium, hafnium, tantalum, and mixtures thereof. The tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide according to claim 33. And contacting a refractory material selected from the mixtures thereof with a binder selected from cobalt niobium titaniumium and mixtures thereof. The method of claim 33, wherein the tungsten carbide is contacted with cobalt. 54. The method of claim 53, wherein the temperature is about 800 to about 1500 degrees Celsius. The method of claim 53, wherein the contact time is less than 1 hour. The method of claim 53, wherein the contact time is less than 1 minute. The method of claim 53, wherein the contact time is less than 10 seconds. A refractory material selected from oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, sulfides, and mixtures thereof, and plastically deformable binders present in an amount sufficient to at least partially fill the gaps between the particles of the refractory material may be at least 85% density. And a composite ceramic and its A high density refractory object ceramic composite produced according to the method characterized by contacting for a time sufficient to reach 85% of the theoretical density to less than a time sufficient for sintering to occur. 59. The ceramic composite of claim 58, wherein the pressure is applied isostatically. 60. The composite ceramic of claim 59, wherein the composite exhibits greater toughness than other ceramic composites that are substantially presintered prior to final densification. 61. The ceramic composite of claim 60, wherein the ceramic has 15% greater toughness. 63. The ceramic composite of claim 62, wherein the ceramic has 25% greater toughness. 61. The method of claim 60, wherein the binder is cobalt, nickel, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, titanium, chromium, niobium, boron, zirconium, vanadium, silicon, palladium, afnium, aluminum copper, and alloys thereof and mixtures thereof. Complex choices selected from. 64. The composite ceramic of claim 63, wherein about 50 to about 99.5% by volume of the refractory material selected from oxides, carbides, nitrides, silicides, borides, sulfides, and mixtures thereof is contacted with about 0.5 to about 50% by volume binder. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60, wherein the pressure is a break point of about 50,000 psi (3.4 x 10 ² Mpa) to a refractory object. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60, wherein the pressure is about 70,000 psi (4.8 × 10 ² Mpa) to near the break point of the refractory object. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60, wherein the pressure is a break point of about 100,000 psi (6.89 x 10 ¹ Mpa) to refractory objects. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60, wherein the temperature is from about 400 ° C to about 2900 ° C. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60, wherein the contact time is less than about 1 period. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60, wherein the contact time is less than about 1 minute. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60, wherein the contact time is less than about 10 seconds. 61. The method of claim 60, comprising alumina, zirconia, magnesia, mullite, zircon, toria, beryllia, urania, sharpeners, tungsten carbide, tantalum carbide, aluminum nitride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, tantalum nitride Hafnium nitride, niobium nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, titanium boride, chromium boride, zirconium boride, tantalum boride, molybdenum boride, tungsten boride cerium sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, Refractory materials selected from cadmium sulfide zinc sulfide, titanium sulfide magnesium sulfide zirconium sulfide and mixtures thereof are selected from cobalt, nickel, titanium, chromium, niobium, boron, hafnium, silicon, tantalum, molybdenum, zirconium, vanadium, aluminum, Copper, and its alloys and his Gold and ceramic composite into contact with the binding agent selected from a mixture thereof. 61. The fire resistance of claim 60 selected from tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide, silicon carbide, niobium carbide, tantalum carbide, boron carbide, alumina, silicon nitride, boron nitride, titanium nitride, titanium boride and mixtures thereof A composite ceramic in which the material is contacted with a binder selected from cobalt, nickel, titanium, chromium, niobium, palladium, hafnium, tantalum and mixtures thereof. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60, wherein the tungsten carbide is contacted with a refractory material selected from niobium carbide, titanium carbide and mixtures thereof with a binder selected from cobalt, niobium, titanium and mixtures thereof. 61. The composite ceramic of claim 60 wherein tungsten carbide is contacted with cobalt. 76. The composite ceramic of claim 75, wherein the temperature is from about 800 ° C to about 1500 ° C. 77. The composite ceramic of claim 75, wherein the temperature is from about 1000 ° C to about 1350 ° C. 77. The composite ceramic of claim 76, wherein the contact time is less than 1 hour. 77. The composite ceramic of claim 76 wherein the contact time is less than 1 minute. 77. The composite ceramic of claim 76, wherein the contact time is less than 10 seconds. (a) a refractory material selected from oxides, carbides, nitrides, silicides, borides, and mixtures thereof; (b) binders capable of plastic deformation; and (c) the binder atoms consist of one phase substituted on the lattice of the refractory material. And the binder and component (c) are present in an amount sufficient to at least partially fill the gap between the particles of the refractory material. 82. The method of claim 81, wherein the binder is selected from cobalt, iron, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, titanium, chromium, niobium, boron, zirconium, vanadium, silicon, hafnium, filadium, aluminum, copper and mixtures thereof Component (C) is a complex force corresponding to the following general formula. X _ab Y _b Zc In which X is a metal derived from a refractory material, Y is a possible acid binder of plastic deformation, Z is carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, boron or sulfur, a is an integer from about 1 to about 4, b is a real number from about 0.001 to about 0.2, and C is an integer from about 1 to 4. 82. The composite ceramic of claim 81, comprising about 50 to about 99 weight percent of the refractory material, about 1 to about 50 weight percent of the binder and about 0.001 to about 2 weight percent of component (C). A refractory material selected from oxides, carbides, nitrides, silicides, borides, sulfides and mixtures thereof, having a 10% larger binder distribution and an average circular number of less than about 17 than that of a composite ceramic of another similar composition and form. And a plastically deformable binder present in an amount sufficient to at least partially fill the gap between the densified refractory object and the refractory material particles. High density refractory object composite ceramic. ※ Note: The disclosure is based on the initial application.