KR20040026744A - Ceramic clay brick and pavers and method for producing it using kaoline, feldspar and black granule - Google Patents

Ceramic clay brick and pavers and method for producing it using kaoline, feldspar and black granule Download PDF

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KR20040026744A
KR20040026744A KR1020020058291A KR20020058291A KR20040026744A KR 20040026744 A KR20040026744 A KR 20040026744A KR 1020020058291 A KR1020020058291 A KR 1020020058291A KR 20020058291 A KR20020058291 A KR 20020058291A KR 20040026744 A KR20040026744 A KR 20040026744A
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brick
clay
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KR100530831B1 (en
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이응원
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우성세라믹스공업 주식회사
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/24—Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided are a ceramic clay brick and a clay floor brick using kaolin(white clay, clay), feldspar, and black granules, which have beautiful small black spots on the surface thereof, low absorption rate, and excellent compressive strength, and low sintering temperature. CONSTITUTION: The ceramic clay brick and the clay floor brick are produced by a process comprising the steps of: mixing and grinding 50-80wt% of the kaolin(white clay), 10-30wt% of the kaolin(black clay), and 8-15wt% of the feldspar; keeping the mixture having 15-19pts.wt(based on the mixture of 100pts.wt.) of moisture and making brick shape by a vacuum catapult; scattering 0.2-10pts.wt. of the black granules on the surface of the brick by a vacuum supplier and applying a fixed pressure by a roller to adhere the black granules to the surface of the brick and drying at 70-300deg.C for 48-60 hours, wherein the black granules contain iron(Fe), silicone dioxide(SiO2), aluminium oxide(Al2O3), calcium oxide(CaO) and zinc(ZnO); calcining the dried brick in a tunnel kiln or a discontinuous kiln at 1030-1200deg.C for 25-38 hours, sintering and cooling.

Description

고령토(백토·점토), 장석 및 블랙그래눌을 활용한 도자기질 점토 벽돌 및 점토 바닥벽돌과 그 제조방법{CERAMIC CLAY BRICK AND PAVERS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT USING KAOLINE, FELDSPAR AND BLACK GRANULE}CERAMIC CLAY BRICK AND PAVERS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT USING KAOLINE, FELDSPAR AND BLACK GRANULE}

본 발명은 흑과립의 높은 알칼리 성분 함유에 의하여 소지의 소결온도를 낮추면서도 흡수율 및 압축강도가 탁월하며, 벽돌의 표면에 작고 검은 반점의 독특한 질감이 현출되는 점토벽돌 및 점토바닥벽돌에 관한 것이다. 또한, 본 발명은 상기 점토 벽돌 및 점토 바닥벽돌의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to clay bricks and clay floor bricks having low absorption of sintering temperature and excellent compressive strength due to the high alkali content of black granules, and the unique texture of small black spots on the surface of bricks. In addition, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing the clay brick and clay floor brick.

보다 상세하게는 고령토인 백토와 점토 및 장석을 주재료로 하고, 아연공장의 부산물인 흑과립(black granule)을 벽돌의 표면에 뿌리거나 일정량을 주재료에 첨가, 혼합한 후 성형하여 건조시키고 이를 산화 또는 환원(중성)염으로 소성함으로써 제조되는 도자기질의 점토벽돌로써, 벽돌의 표면에 작고 검은 반점의 색상 및 독특한 질감이 현출되는 건축 내 ·외장용 점토벽돌 및 점토바닥벽돌에 관한 것이다.More specifically, kaolin, clay, and feldspar, which are kaolin, are used as main materials, and black granules, a by-product of the zinc plant, are sprayed on the surface of bricks, or a certain amount is added to the main materials, mixed, molded, dried, and oxidized. A ceramic clay brick produced by firing with a reducing (neutral) salt, and relates to clay and brick floor bricks for building and exterior, in which small black spot color and unique texture appear on the surface of a brick.

종래 벽돌의 제조방법으로는 적점토 50~80 중량%와 보명사(모래) 20~50 중량% 비율로 혼합 · 분쇄한 후 진공사출기로 성형하여 약 70~300℃ 로 건조한후 벽돌의 표면이 외부로 노출되게 적재하여 1050~1200℃ 의 온도에서 소성하여 제품화하는 방법이 있었다. 하지만, 이렇게 제조된 벽돌은 표면이 적색계열로서 다양한 색깔과 무늬가 나타나지 않았으며 외장재로서의 용도에 국한되어 왔다.Conventional brick manufacturing methods are mixed and pulverized at a ratio of 50 to 80% by weight of red clay and 20 to 50% by weight of Bomyungsa sand (sand), and then molded by vacuum injection molding machine and dried at about 70 to 300 ° C. There was a method of loading the product exposed and firing at a temperature of 1050 ~ 1200 ℃ to commercialize. However, the bricks produced in this way have a reddish surface and do not appear in various colors and patterns, and have been limited to their use as exterior materials.

한편, 아연 제조공정에서 발생되는 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule)은 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO), 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2) 및 아연(ZnO) 등을 다량으로 함유 하고 있는 폐기물 자원 인데도, 아직까지 흑과립(Black Granule)을 상업적으로 이용하여 점토벽돌로서 활용한 예가 없어 재활용 방안에 대한 연구가 시급한 실정이다.On the other hand, black granules, a by-product produced in the zinc manufacturing process, include aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO), iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), and zinc (ZnO). Although it is a waste resource that contains a large amount, there are no examples of commercial use of black granules as clay bricks.

대한민국 특허공개공보 제1999-24186호의 "원적외선 방사율이 높고 표면에 환무늬와 흑색 반점이 현출되는 점토벽돌 및 점토바닥벽돌의 제조방법"에서는 지오라이트, 고령토, 점토를 주원료로 하고, 이에 탄소를 첨가하여 소성후 원적외선을 방사하고, 환무늬 및 흑색 반점을 발생하는 건축용 내ㆍ외장 점토벽돌 및 점토바닥벽돌의 제조방법이 개시되어 있다.In Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1999-24186, "Materials for manufacturing clay bricks and clay bottom bricks having high far-infrared emissivity and ring patterns and black spots on the surface" are made of geolite, kaolin and clay, and carbon is added thereto. A method for producing interior and exterior clay bricks and clay floor bricks for construction that emits far-infrared rays after firing and generates circular patterns and black spots is disclosed.

대한민국 실용신안 제269838호에서는 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2)를 포함하고 있는 대차(台車)의 상판구조물용 내화벽돌이 제시된 바 있고, 대한민국 특허 공개공보 제2001-35333호의 "투수성을 갖는 점토질 바닥벽돌 및 그 제조방법"에서는 고령토, 점토를 주 성분으로 하고, 세로방향의 통공이 다수개 형성되어 있어 투수성을 갖는 점토질의 바닥벽돌에 및 그 제조방법에 관한 발명이 개시되어 있지만, 본 발명과 구성을 전혀 달리 하고 있다.In Korean Utility Model No. 269838, a refractory brick for a top plate structure of a bogie including aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), iron (Fe), and silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) has been proposed. In "2001-35333" permeable clay floor brick and its manufacturing method, the clay and clay are mainly composed of a plurality of longitudinal holes, and the clay brick having water permeability and its manufacture Although the invention regarding the method is disclosed, the invention is completely different from the configuration.

본 발명자는 상기 문제점을 고려하여 건축물의 내ㆍ외장용 및 보도, 차도 등 포장용에 적합한 점토벽돌 및 바닥점토 벽돌에 적합한 점토 벽돌을 제조하기 위하여 끊임 없는 연구를 거듭한 결과, 백토, 점토, 장석질인 주원료에 아연제조 공정에서의 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule)을 벽돌 표면에 뿌리거나 주원료에 일정량을 첨가, 혼합한 후 성형하고, 건조, 소성 처리하는 과정을 도입함으로써, 점토벽돌의 표면에 깨알 같은 무늬와 색상을 현출시키고, 압축강도가 우수하며 때가 덜 타고 미끄럼방지의 기능을 하며, 소지의 소결온도를 낮추어 연료비 등을 절감할 수 있는 점토벽돌 및 점토 바닥벽돌의 제조방법을 제시하게 되었다.In view of the above problems, the present inventors have made continuous studies to manufacture clay bricks suitable for paving bricks and floor clay bricks for interior and exterior of buildings and sidewalks and driveways, and as a result, clay, clay, feldspar By spraying black granule, a by-product of zinc manufacturing process, on the brick surface, or adding and mixing a certain amount to the main raw material, molding, drying, and firing processes are introduced to the surface of clay bricks. It presented a method of producing clay bricks and clay floor bricks, which can display patterns and colors, have excellent compressive strength, less slippery time, and reduce fuel costs by lowering the sintering temperature of the body.

이에 본 발명은 점토 벽돌의 표면에 다양한 무늬와 색상이 현출되는 점토 벽돌 및 점토바닥벽돌 및 그 제조 방법을 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a clay brick and a clay floor brick, and a method of manufacturing the same, in which various patterns and colors appear on the surface of the clay brick.

또한, 본 발명은 소성결합이 강하여 수분의 흡수율이 낮고, 표면 강도 및 압축강도가 높을 뿐만 아니라 때가 덜 타며 돌출된 반점으로 인한 미끄럼 방지의 기능이 있는 우수한 점토 벽돌 및 점토 바닥벽돌의 제조방법을 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.In addition, the present invention provides an excellent clay brick and clay floor brick manufacturing method having a low plasticity bond, low water absorption rate, high surface strength and compressive strength, as well as less burn time and anti-slip due to protruding spots. It is for that purpose.

본 발명인 흑과립(Black Granule)을 활용한 도자기질 점토벽돌의 구성 성분 및 그 제조방법을 이하에서 상세히 설명한다.The components of the ceramic clay brick using the black granule of the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof will be described in detail below.

본 발명의 도자기질의 점토벽돌은 고령토(백토) 50~80중량%, 고령토(흑점토) 10~30중량%, 장석 8~15 중량%을 주성분으로 하고, 상기 주성분 100중량부에 대하여아연 제조 공정에서의 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule) 0.2~15중량부로 구성됨을 특징으로 한다. 상기 아연 제조 공정의 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule)은 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2), 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO) 및 아연(ZnO)등으로 구성되어 있다.Porcelain clay brick of the present invention is 50 to 80% by weight of kaolin (white clay), 10 to 30% by weight of kaolin (black clay), 8 to 15% by weight of feldspar, the zinc production process based on 100 parts by weight of the main component It is characterized by consisting of 0.2 to 15 parts by weight of black granules, which are by-products from. The black granule, a by-product of the zinc manufacturing process, is composed of iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO), zinc (ZnO), and the like. .

또한, 본 발명은 상기 도자기질 점토벽돌의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 고령토(백토) 50~80중량%, 고령토(흑점토) 10~30중량%, 장석 8~15 중량%를 혼합·분쇄하여 혼련하는 단계 ; 상기 혼합물 100중량부에 대하여 수분량이 15~19중량부가 되도록 유지하여 진공사출기로 벽돌 형상을 성형시키는 단계 ; 성형된 벽돌 표면에 진동공급기로 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2), 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO) 및 아연(ZnO)을 포함하는 흑과립(Black Granule) 0.2~10중량부를 뿌린 후 로울러로 일정한 압력을 가하여 벽돌의 표면에 안착시켜 70~300℃ 에서 48~60 시간 동안 건조시키는 단계 ; 마지막으로 상기 건조된 벽돌을 터널가마(tunnel kiln) 또는 불연속가마에서 1050~1200℃ 의 온도로 25~38시간 동안 산화 또는 환원(중성)분위기로 소성하여 소결·냉각시키는 단계로 이루어지는 도자기질 점토벽돌 및 바닥 점토벽돌의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing the ceramic clay brick, kneading by mixing and grinding 50 to 80% by weight of kaolin (white clay), 10 to 30% by weight of kaolin (black clay), feldspar 8 to 15% by weight. Doing; Maintaining a moisture content of 15 to 19 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture to form a brick shape with a vacuum injection machine; Black granules containing iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and zinc (ZnO) 0.2 ~ Sprinkle 10 parts by weight and apply a constant pressure with a roller to rest on the surface of the brick to dry at 70 ~ 300 ℃ for 48 to 60 hours; Finally, in the tunnel kiln or discontinuous kiln, ceramic clay bricks comprising sintering and cooling by firing in an oxidizing or reducing (neutral) atmosphere at a temperature of 1050-1200 ° C. for 25-38 hours. And a method for producing a floor clay brick.

또한, 상기 점토벽돌의 제조는 상기 제조단계와 순서를 달리하여, 진공사출기로 벽돌형상으로 성형시키기 이전에 흑과립을 첨가하고, 혼합하여 제조할 수 도 있다. 이하에서는 각각의 구성 성분 및 각각의 단계별로 나누어 보다 상세히 설명한다.In addition, the clay brick may be manufactured by adding and mixing black granules before forming them in a brick shape by using a vacuum injection machine in a different order from the manufacturing steps. Hereinafter will be described in more detail by dividing each component and each step.

(1) 본 발명인 도자기질 점토 벽돌의 주요 구성 성분.(1) Main components of the ceramic clay brick of the present invention.

고령토(백토)는 카올리나이트와 할로이사이트를 주원료로 하는 백색의 점토이다. 백토의 실리카 성분은 벽돌의 뼈대 역할을 하고 알루미나 성분은 내화성을 부여하여 소성범위를 넓게하는 작용하여 내화성을 부여할 뿐만 아니라, 화학작용, 마모 및 열충격에 대한 저항성이 우수하다.Kaolin is a white clay whose main ingredients are kaolinite and halosite. The silica component of the clay acts as a skeleton of the brick, and the alumina component gives fire resistance to widen the plastic range, thereby providing fire resistance, and excellent resistance to chemical action, abrasion and thermal shock.

고령토(백토)의 함량이 50중량% 이하일 경우에는 소성강도가 약하며, 외부 환경에 대한 저항성이 약한 문제가 있고, 80중량% 이상일 경우에는 가소성이 떨어지고 건조시 건조강도가 저하되고, 소결시에는 소성강도가 저하되어, 결국 압축강도가 떨어지고 흡수율이 높아지는 등 물성에 악영향을 미치게 된다. 전체적인 색상과 강도를 고려할 때 바람직한 백토의 양은 주성분 총 중량의 50~80중량% 이다.When the content of kaolin is less than 50% by weight, the plastic strength is weak, and the resistance to the external environment is weak.When it is more than 80% by weight, the plasticity is lowered and the dry strength is lowered when drying. The strength is lowered, which in turn adversely affects physical properties such as lowering compressive strength and higher absorption rate. Considering the overall color and strength, the preferred amount of clay is 50 to 80% by weight of the total weight of the main component.

고령토(흑점토)의 주성분은 함수 알루미나 규산염광물의 집합체로서, 점토는 입도가 미세하여 물에 풀었을 때 부유할 수 있어야 하고, 수분을 가하면 가소성이 발현되는 성질이 있다. 또한, 건조하면 굳어져 강성을 나타내고 고온으로 소성하면 굳게 소결되는 특성이 있다. 점토 광물로서는 카올리나이트 ·디카이트 ·핼로이사이트 등의 카올린계 광물, 몬모릴로나이트 ·벤토나이트 ·산성백토 등의 몬모릴로나이트계 광물, 일라이트 ·해록석(海綠石) 등의 운모류 이외에도 녹니석류(綠泥石類) ·앨로판 등 여러 가지가 있다.The main component of kaolin is agglomerates of hydrous alumina silicate minerals, and clays are fine in particle size and can be suspended when dissolved in water, and plasticity is expressed when water is added. Moreover, it hardens when dried, and shows rigidity, and when it bakes at high temperature, it hardens and sinters. As clay minerals, in addition to kaolin-based minerals such as kaolinite, dekite and halloysite, montmorillonite-based minerals such as montmorillonite, bentonite and acidic clay, and mica such as illite and haeoliteite,・ There are many kinds such as allophan.

필요한 점토의 함량이 주성분 총 중량의 10중량% 이하인 경우에는 강성과 강한 소결력을 보이는 점토의 특성을 발휘할 수 없고, 30중량% 이상인 경우에는 가소성은 증가하지만, 건조 수축 및 소성수축력이 증가하여 건조 및 소성시 벽돌의 균열 및 변형이 발생하는 문제점이 있기 때문에, 주성분 총 중량의 10~30 중량%가 바람직 하다.If the required clay content is 10% by weight or less of the total weight of the main component, the clay exhibits no rigidity and strong sintering power. If the content is more than 30% by weight, the plasticity is increased, but the drying shrinkage and plastic shrinkage force are increased. And since there is a problem that cracks and deformation of the brick during firing, 10 to 30% by weight of the total weight of the main component is preferred.

장석(feldspar)은 칼륨(K), 나트륨(Na), 칼슘(Ca), 바륨(Ba)의 알루미노 규산염 광물로써 화학성분은 (K, Na, Ca, Ba)(Al, Si)4O8이며, 장석의 대부분은 칼륨장석(KAlSi3O8), 나트륨장석(NaAlSi3O8), 칼슘장석(CaAl2Si2O8)의 세가지 단성분의 계열에 속하며 연속 고용체를 이루고 있다. 장석은 알칼리 성분을 비교적 많이 함유 하고 있어 소성시 융제 역할을 하며 소결을 촉진시키고 투광성을 부여하는 기능을 한다.Feldspar is an aluminosilicate mineral of potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca) and barium (Ba). The chemical composition is (K, Na, Ca, Ba) (Al, Si) 4 O 8 Most of the feldspar belongs to a series of three single components, potassium feldspar (KAlSi 3 O 8 ), sodium feldspar (NaAlSi 3 O 8 ) and calcium feldspar (CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ) and forms a continuous solid solution. Feldspar contains a relatively large amount of alkali, which acts as a flux during firing, promotes sintering, and imparts translucency.

장석의 함량이 8중량% 미만인 경우에는 장석 첨가에 의한 상기 효과를 볼 수 없고, 15중량%를 초과할 경우에는 장속첨가에 의한 가속된 효과를 볼 수 없기 때문에 바람직하게는 알칼리 장석 또는 사장석 주성분 8~15중량%가 적당하다.When the content of feldspar is less than 8% by weight, the above effect by the addition of feldspar cannot be seen, and when it exceeds 15% by weight, the accelerated effect by the long-term addition is not preferable. 15 weight% is suitable.

흑과립(Black Granule)은 아연제조 공정에서 발생되는 부산물을 용융하여 과립화 시킨 것으로써 화학성분(SiO226.8%, Al2O37.50%, Fe2O339.7%, CaO 15.5%, MgO 2.53%, K2O 1.30%, Na2O 1.74%, PbO 0.85%, ZnO 5.39% 등)을 가지고 있으며 내화도가 SK 03a(1040℃)로 매우 낮기 때문에 소성시 융제역할을 하여 소결을 촉진시켜 소결시간을 단축,연료비를 저감시키고 소결강도 및 압축강도를 크게 향상시키고 흡수율을 저하시킬 뿐 아니라 성분중의 철(Fe)이 발색을 하여 흑색의 반점을 형성시키는 역할을 한다.Black granules are granulated by melting by-products from zinc manufacturing process (SiO 2 26.8%, Al 2 O 3 7.50%, Fe 2 O 3 39.7%, CaO 15.5%, MgO 2.53 %, K 2 O 1.30%, Na 2 O 1.74%, PbO 0.85%, ZnO 5.39%, etc.), and the fire resistance is very low as SK 03a (1040 ℃). It shortens, reduces fuel ratio, greatly improves sintering strength and compressive strength, lowers absorption rate, and plays a role of forming black spots by color of iron (Fe) in the component.

점토벽돌 성형 후 흑과립을 벽돌의 표면에 도포하는 경우, 필요한 흑과립의양은, 주성분 100중량부에 대하여 0.2중량부 미만인 경우에는 첨가효과를 보기 어렵고 10.0 중량부를 초과할 경우에는 소결이 너무 이루어져 제품이 융착되거나 변형이 올 수 있기 때문에 0.2-10 중량부가 바람직하다.When black granules are applied to the surface of the brick after clay brick molding, the required amount of black granules is less than 0.2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the main component, and when the amount is over 10.0 parts by weight, the product is too sintered. 0.2-10 parts by weight is preferred because this may fusion or deformation.

또한, 상기 주성분과 함께 흑과립을 혼합한 후 점토벽돌을 성형하는 경우에는 벽돌의 내부에도 흑과립이 포함되어 있기 때문에, 상기 흑과립을 도포하는 경우보다도 더 많은 흑과립이 필요한데, 주성분 100중량부에 대하여 1~15 중량부가 바람직하다.In addition, when the clay brick is formed after mixing the black granules with the main component, since the black granules are included in the inside of the brick, more black granules are required than when the black granules are applied. 1-15 weight part is preferable with respect to.

(2)본 발명인 상기 벽돌의 제조방법.(2) The manufacturing method of the said brick of this invention.

본 발명의 제 1 구현 예로는, 주성분인 고령토(백토) 50~80중량%, 고령토(흑점토) 10~30중량% 및 장석 8~15 중량%를 혼합·분쇄하여 혼련함으로써 시작된다. 상기 분쇄는 Roller mill 을 통하여 평균 0.7-1.0mm가 되도록 분쇄 하는 것이 바람직하다.The first embodiment of the present invention starts by mixing and grinding a mixture of 50 to 80% by weight of kaolin (white clay), 10 to 30% by weight of kaolin (black clay), and 8 to 15% by weight of feldspar. The grinding is preferably crushed to an average of 0.7-1.0mm through a roller mill.

다음, 상기 혼합물에 물을 첨가하여 물의 함량이 상기 혼합물 100중량부에 대하여 15~19중량부가 되도록 유지하여 진공사출기로 성형한다. 상기 물의 함량이 15중량부 미만일 경우에는 성형이 되지않고, 19중량부를 초과할 경우에는 벽돌의 형태가 유지되지 않는다는 문제가 있었다.Next, water is added to the mixture to maintain the water content of 15 to 19 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture, and is molded with a vacuum injection machine. When the content of the water is less than 15 parts by weight, the molding is not performed, and when the content exceeds 19 parts by weight, there was a problem that the shape of the brick was not maintained.

다음, 상기 성형된 젖은 벽돌의 표면에 진동공급기로 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2), 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO) 및 아연(ZnO)을 포함하는 흑과립(Black Granule) 0.2~10.0 중량부를 뿌린 후 로울러로 일정한 압력을 가하여벽돌의 표면에 안착시켜 70~300℃ 에서 48~60 시간 동안 건조시킨다.Next, black granules including iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO), and zinc (ZnO) as a vibrating feeder on the surface of the molded wet brick ( Black Granule) Sprinkle 0.2 ~ 10.0 parts by weight, apply a certain pressure with a roller, settle on the surface of brick, and dry it for 48 ~ 60 hours at 70 ~ 300 ℃.

마지막으로, 상기 건조된 벽돌을 터널가마(tunnel kiln) 또는 불연속가마에서 1050~1200℃ 의 온도로 25~38시간 동안 산화 또는 환원(중성)분위기로 소성하여 서서히 소결·냉각시켜 본 발명의 도자기질 점토 벽돌을 제조한다.Finally, the dried brick is fired in an oxidizing or reducing (neutral) atmosphere at a temperature of 1050-1200 ° C. for 25-38 hours in a tunnel kiln or a discontinuous kiln, and then gradually sintered and cooled to make ceramics of the present invention. Manufacture clay bricks.

상기 제조 방법에 의하여 제조된 벽돌은 벽돌의 표면에 깨알같은 독특한 무늬와 색상을 나타내는 점토벽돌 및 점토 바닥벽돌이 제조된다.The brick produced by the manufacturing method is a clay brick and a clay floor brick having a distinctive pattern and color such as sesame on the surface of the brick is produced.

본 발명의 제 2 구현 예로는 주성분인 고령토(백토) 50-80 중량% , 고령토(흑점토) 10-30 중량%, 장석 8-15 중량%를 혼합ㆍ분쇄하는 단계 : 상기 혼합물 100 중량부에 대하여 아연 제조공정에서의 부산물인 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2), 산화 알루미나(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO), 아연(ZnO)을 포함하는 흑과립(Black Granule) 1~15.0 중량부를 추가로 첨가하여 혼합ㆍ혼련하는 단계 : 상기혼합물 100 중량부에 대하여 수분량이 15-19 중량부가 되도록 유지하여 진공사출기로 벽돌을 성형하여 70-300℃에서 48-60시간 동안 건조시키는 단계 : 상기 건조된 벽돌을 터널가마(Tunnel Kiln) 또는 불연속가마에서 1030-1200℃의 온도로 25-38시간 동안 산화 또는 환원(중성)분위기로 소성하여 소결·냉각시킴으로써 본 발명의 도자기질 점토벽돌은 제조된다.In a second embodiment of the present invention, mixing and pulverizing 50-80% by weight of kaolin (white clay), 10-30% by weight of kaolin (black clay), and 8-15% by weight of feldspar: 100 parts by weight of the mixture Black granules containing iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), alumina oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO), and zinc (ZnO), which are by-products in the zinc manufacturing process Mixing and kneading by additionally adding 15.0 parts by weight: maintaining a moisture content of 15-19 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture to form a brick with a vacuum injection molding machine and drying at 70-300 ° C. for 48-60 hours The ceramic brick brick of the present invention is fired by sintering and cooling the dried bricks in an oxidation or reduction (neutral) atmosphere at a temperature of 1030-1200 ° C. in a tunnel kiln or a discontinuous kiln for 25-38 hours. Are manufactured.

상기 제조 방법에 의하여 표면 뿐만 아니라 내부 속까지 전체적으로 깨알같은 독특한 무늬와 색상을 나타내는 점토 벽돌 및 점토 바닥벽돌이 제조된다.By the above manufacturing method, clay bricks and clay floor bricks having unique patterns and colors such as grains as a whole as well as the inside of the surface are manufactured.

본 발명의 점토벽돌은 외장벽돌, 내장벽돌, 도예벽돌, 벽돌타일, 이형벽돌,맞춤벽돌 및 바닥벽돌 등이 있으며, 또한 상기 외장 벽돌은 보도, 차도, 공원, 주차장, 정원 포장용 깔벽돌, 바닥벽돌 등을 포함한다.The clay brick of the present invention includes an exterior brick, an interior brick, a ceramic brick, a brick tile, a release brick, a custom brick, and a floor brick, and the exterior brick includes sidewalks, driveways, parks, parking lots, garden paving bricks, and floor bricks. And the like.

하기 실시예는 본 발명을 보다 구체적으로 설명하는 것이지, 본 발명의 범주를 한정하는 것은 아니다.The following examples illustrate the invention in more detail, but do not limit the scope of the invention.

(실시예 1)(Example 1)

고령토(백토) 70.0중량%, 고령토(흑점토) 20.0중량% 및 장석 10.0중량%를 혼합하여 분쇄하는 단계 ; 상기 혼합물 100중량부에 대하여 수분이 18중량부가 되도록 물을 첨가하여 혼합 혼련한 후 벽돌을 성형하는 단계 ; 아연공장의 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule : (철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2) , 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘 (CaO) 및 아연 (ZnO) 함유 ) 0.4중량부를 진동공급기를 통하여 상기 벽돌의 젖은 표면에 도포한 후 로울러로 압력을 가하여 벽돌의 표면에 안착시켜 약 180℃에서 약 50시간 건조시키는 단계 ; 상기 건조된 벽돌을 터널가마에서 1165℃의 온도로 39시간 동안 환원(중성)분위기로 소성하여 냉각시킴으로써 점토 벽돌의 표면에 깨알같은 무늬와 독특한 색상이 현출되는 점토 벽돌을 제조하였으며, 그 물성은 표 1과 같다.Grinding by mixing 70.0% by weight of kaolin (white clay), 20.0% by weight of kaolin (black clay) and 10.0% by weight of feldspar; Forming a brick after mixing and kneading water to add 18 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of the mixture; Black granules (by iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and zinc (ZnO)) 0.4 parts by weight of the zinc plant Applying to the wet surface of the brick through a pressure roller and seated on the surface of the brick to dry for about 50 hours at about 180 ℃; reducing the dried brick to a temperature of 1165 ℃ in a tunnel kiln for 39 hours By firing in a (neutral) atmosphere and cooling, clay bricks having a grain-like pattern and a unique color on the surface of the clay brick were produced. The physical properties are shown in Table 1.

(실시예 2)(Example 2)

고령토(백토) 70.0중량%, 고령토(흑점토) 20.0중량% 및 장석 10.0중량%를 혼합하여 분쇄하는 단계 ; 상기 혼합물 100중량부에 대하여 아연공장의 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule : 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2) , 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO) 및 아연(ZnO) 함유) 5.0 중량부를 추가로 첨가하여 혼합ㆍ혼련하는 단계 ; 상기혼합물 100.0 중량부에 대하여 수분량이 18 중량부가 되도록 물을 첨가하여 진공사출기로 벽돌을 성형하여 약 180℃에서 50시간 건조시키는 단계 : 상기 건조된 벽돌을 터널 가마에서 1130℃ 의 온도로 39시간 동안 환원(중성)분위기로 소성하여 냉각시킴으로써 점토벽돌의 표면 뿐만 아니라 내부속 까지 전체적으로 깨알같은 무늬와 독특한 색상이 현출되는 점토 벽돌을 제조하였으며, 그 물성은 표 1과 같다.Grinding by mixing 70.0% by weight of kaolin (white clay), 20.0% by weight of kaolin (black clay) and 10.0% by weight of feldspar; Black granules (iron) (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and zinc (ZnO), which are by-products of the zinc plant, per 100 parts by weight of the mixture ) Mixing and kneading by further adding 5.0 parts by weight; Water was added so that the water content was 18 parts by weight based on 100.0 parts by weight of the mixture, and a brick was formed by a vacuum injection molding machine and dried at about 180 ° C. for 50 hours. The dried bricks were heated at a temperature of 1130 ° C. for 39 hours in a tunnel kiln. By firing in a reducing (neutral) atmosphere and cooling, clay bricks were produced in which not only the surface of the clay bricks but also the inner surface of the clay bricks had a distinctive color and characteristic color.

(비교예 1)(Comparative Example 1)

백토 70중량%, 점토 25중량%, 장석 5중량%를 혼합하여 분쇄한 후, 상기 혼합물 100중량부에 대하여 물 17중량부를 첨가하여 혼합·혼련하고, 진공사출기로 성형하여, 180℃ 에서 약 50시간 건조시키고, 건조된 벽돌을 터널가마에서 1185℃의 온도로 39시간 동안 환원(중성)분위기로 소성하여 냉각시켜 점토벽돌을 제조하였으며, 그 물성은 표 1과 같다.70% by weight of clay, 25% by weight of clay, and 5% by weight of feldspar are mixed and pulverized. 17 parts by weight of water is added to 100 parts by weight of the mixture, followed by mixing and kneading. After drying for a time, the dried bricks were cooled by firing in a reducing (neutral) atmosphere for 39 hours at a temperature of 1185 ° C. in a tunnel kiln to prepare clay bricks, and the physical properties thereof are shown in Table 1 below.

실시예 1~3의 도자기질 점토 벽돌의 함량 및 물성.Contents and Physical Properties of Porcelain Clay Bricks of Examples 1-3. 항목Item 실시예 1Example 1 실시예 2Example 2 비교예 1Comparative Example 1 주원료 대체 및 첨가물Main raw material substitution and additive 고령토(백토):70.0중량%,고령토(흑점토) 20.0중량%, 장석:10중량%, 흑과립:0.4중량부(흑과립을 표면에 도포)Kaolin (white clay): 70.0% by weight, Kaolin (black clay) 20.0% by weight, feldspar: 10% by weight, black granules: 0.4 part by weight (black granules are applied to the surface) 고령토(백토):70.0중량%,고령토(흑점토)20.0중량%, 장석:10중량%, 흑과립:5.0중량부(흑과립을 소지속에 첨가)Kaolin (white clay): 70.0% by weight, Kaolin (black clay) 20.0% by weight, feldspar: 10% by weight, black granules: 5.0 parts by weight (black granules are added to the holding) 고령토(백토): 70.0중량%, 고령토(흑점토):25.0중량%, 장석:5.0중량%(흑과립을 첨가하지 아니함)Kaolin (white clay): 70.0% by weight, Kaolin (black clay): 25.0% by weight, feldspar: 5.0% by weight (no black granules added) 압축강도(Kgf/cm2)Compressive Strength (Kgf / cm 2 ) 340340 410410 250250 흡수율(%)Absorption rate (%) 7.37.3 6.86.8 8.58.5 색상color 아이보리 색상에 표면에 깨알 같은 독특한 흑색반점Unique black spots on the surface in ivory color 아이보리색상에 소지속과 표면에 깨알같은 독특한 흑색반점Unique black spots like sesame on the ivory color and grain on the surface 아이보리 색상Ivory color 중금속 용출시험Heavy Metal Dissolution Test 불검출Not detected 불검출Not detected 불검출Not detected 내마모성(g)Abrasion Resistance (g) 0.030.03 0.020.02 0.050.05 미끄럼저항성(BPN)Slip Resistance (BPN) 2525 2323 2020

실시예 1~3의 흑과립(Black Granule)의 성분분석Component Analysis of Black Granules of Examples 1 to 3 성분ingredient 산화알루미늄(Al2O3)Aluminum Oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) 이산화규소(SiO2)Silicon Dioxide (SiO 2 ) 철(Fe)Fe 아연(ZnO)Zinc (ZnO) 산화칼슘(CaO)Calcium Oxide (CaO) 기 타Other 함량content 8%8% 26%26% 42%42% 6%6% 9%9% 9%9%

상기 살펴본 바와 같이, 본 발명은 고령토(백토), 고령토(흑점토) 및 장석을 점토벽돌의 주성분으로 하고, 이에 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2), 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO) 및 아연(ZnO) 등을 구성성분으로 하는 아연제조공정에서의 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule)을 활용하여 점토 벽돌울 제조함으로써, 점토벽돌의 표면과 내부에 자연스러운 형상의 깨알같은 검은 반점을 현출시시키고, 점토벽돌 및 바닥점토벽돌 표면에 독특한 질감을 갖게하여 미끄럼방지 역할을 하고 보행자의 안전사고를 예방할 뿐만 아니라 산업폐기물을 재활용 자원화하여 환경오염을 사전차단하는 효과가 있다.As described above, the present invention comprises kaolin (white clay), kaolin (black clay) and feldspar as main components of clay brick, iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), By producing clay bricks using black granules, a by-product of the zinc manufacturing process, which consists of calcium oxide (CaO) and zinc (ZnO), etc., natural shape on the surface and inside of clay brick It has black spots and has unique textures on the surface of clay bricks and floor clay bricks to prevent slippage, prevent safety accidents for pedestrians, as well as prevent industrial pollution by recycling industrial wastes into recycling resources.

또한, 점토를 주원료로하여 완전소결 고형화 시킴으로 침출수로 인한 2차오염 발생이 없어 인체에 유익하고 환경 친화적인 우수한 효과가 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 본 발명의 상기 흑과립(Black Granule)은 산화알루미늄의 성분이 적은 반면 알칼리 성분을 많이 함유 하고 있어 소지의 내화도를 낮출수 있기 때문에 연료비 등 원가를 절감할수 있고, 알칼리 성분은 소성시 융제 역할을 하기 때문에 흡수율이 낮고, 압축강도 및 표면강도가 우수한 고품질의 점토벽돌 제품을 얻을 수 있었다.In addition, the clay as a main raw material is completely sintered solidified, there is no secondary pollution caused by leachate, there is an excellent effect that is beneficial to the human body and environmentally friendly. In addition, the black granules of the present invention have a low component of aluminum oxide but contain a large amount of alkali components, thereby reducing the fire resistance of the base material, thereby reducing costs such as fuel costs, and alkali components are fluxed upon firing. As a result, high-quality clay brick products with low water absorption and excellent compressive and surface strengths could be obtained.

Claims (4)

고령토(백토) 50~80중량%, 고령토(흑점토) 10~30중량% 및 장석 8~15 중량%으로 이루어지는 주성분과 주성분 100중량부에 대하여 아연 제조 공정의 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule) 0.2~15 중량부로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 도자기질 점토벽돌.Black granule 0.2, a by-product of the zinc manufacturing process, based on 100 parts by weight of the main component and 50 parts by weight of kaolin (white clay), 10-30% by weight of kaolin (black clay), and 8-15% by weight of feldspar. Ceramic clay brick, characterized in that composed of ~ 15 parts by weight. 제 1 항에 있어서, 아연 제조 공정의 부산물인 흑과립(Black Granule)은 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2), 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO) 및 아연(ZnO)의 성분을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도자기질 점토벽돌.The method of claim 1, wherein black granules, a by-product of zinc manufacturing, are iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO), and zinc (ZnO). Porcelain clay brick, comprising the components of. 고령토(백토) 50~80중량%, 고령토(흑점토) 10~30중량%, 장석 8~15 중량%를 혼합·분쇄하여 혼련하는 단계 ; 상기 혼합물 100중량부에 대하여 수분 함량이 15 ~19부가 유지되도록 하여 진공사출기로 벽돌 형상을 성형 시키는 단계 ; 상기 성형된 벽돌 표면에 진동공급기로 철(Fe), 이산화규소(SiO2), 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO) 및 아연(ZnO)의 성분을 포함하는 흑과립(Black Granule) 0.2~10중량부를 뿌린 후 로울러로 일정한 압력을 가하여 벽돌의 표면에 안착시켜 70~300℃에서 48~60 시간 동안 건조 시키는 단계 ; 상기 건조된 벽돌을 터널가마(tunnel kiln) 또는 불연속가마에서 1030~1200℃의 온도로 25~38시간 동안 소성하여 소결·냉각시키는 단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 도자기질 점토벽돌의 제조방법.Mixing and grinding 50 to 80% by weight of kaolin (white clay), 10 to 30% by weight of kaolin (black clay), and 8 to 15% by weight of feldspar; Forming a brick shape with a vacuum injection machine to maintain 15 to 19 parts of water content with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture; Black granules containing components of iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and zinc (ZnO) as a vibrating feeder on the molded brick surface ) Sprinkle 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, and then apply a constant pressure with a roller to rest on the surface of the brick to dry at 70 to 300 ° C. for 48 to 60 hours; And firing the dried brick at a temperature of 1030 to 1200 ° C. for 25 to 38 hours in a tunnel kiln or a discontinuous kiln, followed by sintering and cooling the clay brick. 고령토(백토) 50-80 중량%, 고령토(흑점토) 10-30 중량%, 장석 8-15 중량%를 혼합ㆍ분쇄하는 단계 ; 상기 혼합물 100 중량부에 대하여 철(Fe), 이산화규소 (SiO2), 산화알루미늄(Al2O3), 산화칼슘(CaO) 및 아연(ZnO)의 성분을 포함하는 흑과립(Black Granule) 1.0-15 중량부를 추가로 첨가하여 혼합ㆍ혼련하는 단계 : 상기혼합물 100 중량부에 대하여 수분 함량이 15~19중량부가 되도록 유지하여 진공사출기로 벽돌을 성형하여 70~300℃에서 48~60 시간 동안 건조 시키는 단계 ; 상기 건조된 벽돌을 터널가마(tunnel) 또는 불연속가마에서 1030~1200℃의 온도로 25-38시간 동안 소성하여 소결 냉각시키는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 도자기질 점토벽돌의 제조방법.Mixing and grinding 50-80% by weight of kaolin, 10-30% by weight of kaolin, and 8-15% by feldspar; Black Granule 1.0 comprising components of iron (Fe), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and zinc (ZnO) based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture. Mixing and kneading by additionally adding -15 parts by weight: maintaining the water content of 15 to 19 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture to form a brick with a vacuum injection molding machine and dried for 48 to 60 hours at 70 to 300 ℃ Making step; Firing the dried bricks in a tunnel kiln (tunnel) or discontinuous kiln at a temperature of 1030 ~ 1200 ℃ for 25-38 hours and sintering and cooling the ceramic clay brick manufacturing method characterized in that it comprises a step.
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