KR102357670B1 - Method for initial access and random access, base station equipment and user equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams, a base station apparatus, and a user apparatus. The method for initial access and random access based on the plurality of antenna ports and the plurality of beams comprises: transmitting, by a base station apparatus, a synchronization signal sequence to a user apparatus in at least two correlated base station beams; receiving a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams; determining each deviation between a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of the base station based on the preamble sequence; adjusting the base station beams according to the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and each deviation of the beam direction of the base station; and performing data transmission and reception with the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams. In the present invention, by transmitting the initial access data to the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams in the initial access process, the optimal beam direction can be quickly determined at the base station side, and the collision probability can be reduced.

Description

Method for initial access and random access, base station apparatus and user equipment

The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication, and more particularly, to an initial access and random access method based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams, a base station apparatus, and a user apparatus.

The rapid development of the information industry, especially the mobile Internet and the increasing demands on the Internet of Things (IoT), bring about unprecedented challenges in future mobile communication technology. According to ITU-R M. [IMT.BEYOND 2020.TRAFFIC] published by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), mobile service traffic is nearly 1000 times that of mobile service traffic in 2010 (4G generation). will increase, the number of user equipment connections will also exceed 17 billion, and as a huge number of IoT devices gradually expand into mobile communication networks, the number of connected devices will increase even more unbelievably. . In response to these unprecedented challenges, the telecommunication industry and academia have been preparing for the 2020s by launching extensive research into the 5th generation of mobile communication technologies (5G). Currently, in the ITU-R M. [IMT.VISION] of the ITU, the framework and overall goals of 5G in the future are being discussed, where demand forecasts of 5G, application scenarios and various important performance indices are specifically described and have. In view of the new requirements in 5G, the ITU-R M. [IMT.FUTURE TECHNOLOGY TRENDS] of the ITU provides information related to 5G technology trends, which include significant improvements in system throughput, It aims to address important issues such as consistency, scalability to support IoT, latency, energy efficiency, cost, network flexibility, support for new services and flexible spectrum utilization.

Initial access and random access processes, which are important processes in a wireless communication system, are used to establish downlink synchronization and uplink synchronization between a UE and a base station, and to allocate an ID for the base station to identify a user to the UE. do. The performance of the initial access and random access directly affects the UE's experience. Here, with respect to the conventional wireless communication system, for example, in LTE and LTE-Advanced (LTE-Advanced), the random access process includes establishment of an initial link, cell handover, re-establishment of uplink, and RRC connection re-establishment. It is used in various scenarios such as establishment, and is classified into contention-based random access and non-contention-free random access according to whether the UE exclusively occupies preamble sequence resources. For the contention-free random access, since each UE selects a preamble sequence from the same preamble sequence resources when attempting to establish an uplink, there may be cases in which multiple UEs select the same preamble sequence and transmit to the base station. . Therefore, the conflict resolution mechanism becomes an important research direction in the random access. How to reduce the probability of collision and how to quickly resolve the collision that occurs are important indicators affecting the random access performance.

In LTE-A, the random access process is performed after the initial access process. In the initial access process, the UE establishes a connection with the base station by detecting a downlink synchronization signal transmitted by the base station, and obtains specific essential system configuration information including random access channel configuration information. Based on the information, the UE performs the following random access process.

The initial access and contention-based random access processes include five processes as shown in FIG. 1 . The first process is an initial access process in which the UE acquires random access channel configuration information, and the second to fifth processes are random access processes. In the second process, the UE randomly selects a preamble sequence from a preamble sequence resource pool, and transmits the preamble sequence to the base station. The base station performs correlation detection on the received signal to identify a preamble sequence transmitted by the UE. In a third process, the base station transmits a random access response (RAR) to the UE. The RAR includes an identifier of a random access preamble sequence, a timing advance instruction determined according to the time delay estimated between the UE and the base station, and a temporary cell-radio network temporary identifier (TC-). RNTI), and time-frequency resources allocated for the UE to perform uplink transmission next time. In a fourth process, the UE transmits message 3 (Message 3: Msg3) to the base station according to the information included in the RAR. The Msg3 includes information such as a UE identifier and an RRC link request, where the UE identifier is an identifier that is unique to the UE and used to resolve conflicts. In a fifth process, the base station transmits a collision resolution identifier to the UE, and the collision resolution identifier includes a UE identifier corresponding to a UE that has succeeded in conflict resolution. When the UE detects the UE's unique identifier, it upgrades the TC-RNTI to the C-RNTI, transmits an acknowledgment (ACK) signal to the base station to complete the random access process, and waits for the base station's scheduling. Otherwise, the UE will start a new random access process after a certain delay.

For the contention-free random access process, since the base station knows the UE identifier, the base station can allocate a preamble sequence to the UE. Therefore, when transmitting the preamble sequence, the UE does not need to randomly select the sequence, but will use the assigned preamble sequence instead. Upon detecting the assigned preamble sequence, the base station will transmit a corresponding random access response, which includes information such as timing advance and uplink resource allocation. When receiving the random access response, the UE considers that the uplink synchronization is complete, and thus waits for the next scheduling of the base station. Accordingly, the initial access and contention-free random access processes include only the following three processes: a first process of initial access, a second process of transmitting a preamble sequence, and a third process of transmitting a random access response.

The millimeter wave (millimeter wave) communication is a core technology possible in 5G. By improving the carrier frequency to millimeter wave bands, the available bandwidth will be significantly increased, and thus the transmission rate of the system can be significantly improved. In order to resist characteristics such as high fading and high loss in the radio channel of millimeter wave bands, millimeter wave communication systems are generally used in a specific direction by beamforming, i.e. by using a weighting factor. Focus the beam energy. During the wireless communication, the base station and the UE search for the optimal beam direction by polling or other methods, thus maximizing the received signal-to-noise ratio at both the base station side and the UE side. Since both the UE and the base station do not know the direction of the optimal beam pair when establishing the initial link, initial access and random access in the millimeter wave communication system face significant challenges. A possible way is to try all possible transmit/receive beam pairs in the initial access phase and the preamble sequence transmission phase to search for an optimal downlink beam pair and an optimal uplink beam pair. In the following processes, the optimal beam pairs are used. In existing schemes, for each trial, transmission/reception based on a single antenna port and a single beam is implemented at both the transmitter side and the receiver side; A single direction is detected in one trial, and thus many trials are required to search for the optimal beam pairs. Therefore, even if the optimal beam pairs can be obtained in the first two processes in this way, the time required for the detection of the initial access and the random access will be long. Therefore, there is still a large room for performance improvement.

In conclusion, in order to further increase the competitiveness of the millimeter wave communication system among candidate 5G technologies, problems in initial access and random access processes in the millimeter wave system are solved, and initial access and random access in the millimeter wave communication system It is essential to improve the performance of access processes, and to provide lower access delay and better access experience to the UE.

The present invention solves the problem that the time required for detecting optimal beam pairs in a random access process in a millimeter wave communication system based on beamforming in the prior art is relatively long, so the time for transmitting the preamble sequence becomes very long. It is aimed at solving

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for initial access and random access based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams, the method comprising:

transmitting, by the base station apparatus, a synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams;

receiving, in at least two base station beams, a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment;

determining each deviation between a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of the base station based on the preamble sequence;

adjusting the base station beams according to the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and each deviation of the beam direction of the base station;

and performing data transmission and reception with the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams.

Preferably, the step of the base station apparatus transmitting the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams comprises:

a base station device transmitting, in at least two base station beams, a synchronization signal sequence to a user device in a differential beam transmission scheme;

Receiving the preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in the at least two base station beams includes:

and receiving a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in a differential beam reception method in at least two base station beams.

Preferably, after the base station apparatus transmits the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams, the method comprises:

The method further includes transmitting random access configuration information to the user device through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration,

The random access configuration information includes a mapping relationship from a base station transmit beam direction and each deviation thereof to preamble sequences and resources, or a mapping relationship from a base station transmit beam direction to preamble sequences and resources.

Preferably, the process of the base station apparatus transmitting the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams comprises:

The base station apparatus transmits a first component data sequence through a sum beam through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, or a downlink broadcast channel, and through a differential beam transmitting a second component data sequence;

The synchronization signal sequence includes the first component data sequence and the second component data sequence, or the synchronization signal sequence is the same as the first component data sequence and the second component data sequence.

Preferably, the process of the base station apparatus transmitting the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams comprises:

and transmitting the synchronization signal sequence through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, or a downlink broadcast channel in a sum beam and a differential beam in predetermined time-frequency resources.

Advantageously, said predetermined time-frequency resources comprise at least one of:

Same time-frequency resources with different orthogonal time-domain resources, different orthogonal frequency-domain resources and orthogonal codewords.

Preferably, the process of the base station apparatus transmitting the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams comprises:

and the base station apparatus transmits the same or different synchronization signal sequences in two different antenna arrays in a sum beam and a differential beam through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, or a downlink broadcast channel. .

Preferably, the receiving of the preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in a differential beam reception manner in at least two base station beams comprises:

receiving, by the base station apparatus, initial access data transmitted by the receiver apparatus in a differential beam reception method in at least two base station beams;

and determining a preamble sequence included in the initial access data and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence by performing preamble sequence correlation detection on the initial access data.

Preferably, based on the preamble sequence, the step of determining the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the deviation of the beam direction of the base station includes:

and determining each deviation between the direction of the reception beam of the base station having the maximum energy and the direction of the reception beam of the base station, based on a result of the preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data.

Preferably, based on the preamble sequence, the step of determining the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the deviation of the beam direction of the base station includes:

determining each deviation between a receive beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a direction of the base station receive beam based on a result of the preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data;

and determining, based on the preamble sequence, a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence, random access configuration information, a transmission beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy, and each deviation of the base station reception beam direction.

Preferably, the step of adjusting the base station beams according to the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and each deviation of the beam direction of the base station includes:

The base station transmit beams are adjusted according to each deviation of the base station transmit beam direction and the base station transmit beam direction having the maximum energy, and the base station receive beam according to each deviation of the base station receive beam direction and the base station receive beam direction having the maximum energy including the process of coordinating them;

The process of performing data transmission and reception with the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams includes:

and transmitting data to the user equipment using the adjusted base station transmit beams and receiving data from the user equipment using the adjusted base station receive beams.

Advantageously, when the preamble sequence is transmitted by the user equipment in a differential beam transmission scheme, the method comprises:

Based on the received preamble sequence transmitted by the user device through a sum beam and a differential beam, a user beam direction deviation detection is performed to determine a user beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user beam direction further including the process.

Preferably, based on the received preamble sequence, transmitted by the user device through a sum beam and a differential beam, a user beam direction deviation detection is performed to detect a user beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user beam direction The process for determining is:

Based on the received preamble sequence transmitted by the user device through the sum beam and the differential beam, a user beam direction deviation detection is performed to detect a user transmit beam direction having a maximum energy and each deviation in the user transmit beam direction includes the process of determining

Preferably, transmitting data to the user equipment using the adjusted base station transmit beams comprises:

and transmitting, to the user equipment, a random access response and indication information indicating a direction of a user beam having the maximum energy and each deviation of the user beam direction by using the adjusted base station transmission beams.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for initial access and random access based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams. The method is:

receiving, by the user equipment, initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in at least two base station beams;

performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and determining each deviation between a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of the base station according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection;

Receives the random access configuration information transmitted by the base station device, and along with each deviation between the beam direction of the base station having the determined maximum energy and the beam direction of the base station, a corresponding preamble sequence and the preamble based on the random access configuration information determining a time-frequency resource occupied by the sequence;

transmitting the preamble sequence to the base station device;

and performing data transmission with the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams.

Preferably, the process in which the user equipment receives the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in at least two correlated base station beams comprises:

and receiving, by the user equipment, initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in at least two base station beams in a differential beam transmission scheme.

Preferably, the process of performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data includes:

determining a first result of correlation detection for an arbitrary synchronization signal sequence by performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data transmitted through the sum beam;

determining a second result of correlation detection for the synchronization signal sequence by performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data transmitted through the differential beam;

and determining that the initial access data includes the synchronization signal sequence when it is determined that the first result of the correlation detection and/or the second result of the correlation detection satisfy a first determination condition.

Here, the first determining condition includes at least one of:

when the first result of the correlation detection exceeds a first detection threshold and the second result of the correlation detection exceeds the first detection threshold;

when the first result of the correlation detection exceeds a second detection threshold;

when the second result of the correlation detection exceeds the second detection threshold;

Here, the first detection threshold is not greater than the second detection threshold.

Preferably, according to the result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, determining a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the beam direction of the base station includes:

and determining, based on the first result of the correlation detection and the second result of the correlation detection, a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and each deviation of the beam direction of the base station.

Preferably, according to the determined base station beam direction and each deviation of the base station beam direction having the maximum energy, the process of determining a corresponding preamble sequence and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence comprises:

With the determined base station beam direction and each deviation of the base station beam direction having the maximum energy, a mapping relationship from the base station beam direction and each deviation to preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences, or According to a mapping relationship from the base station beam direction to preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences, determining a corresponding preamble sequence and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence do.

Preferably, the method comprises:

receiving random access configuration information transmitted by the base station apparatus;

From the random access configuration information, the mapping relationship from the base station beam direction and angular deviation to the preamble sequences and the time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences or the preamble sequences and the preamble sequences from the base station beam direction and determining a mapping relationship to occupied time-frequency resources.

Preferably, the process of performing data transmission with the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams includes at least one of the following situations:

transmitting message 3 to the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams, and receiving a collision resolution scheme transmitted by the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams;

receiving, by the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams, indication information indicating a direction of a user transmission beam having a random access response and maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user transmission beam direction; adjusting the user transmission beams based on the indication information transmitted by the base station apparatus, the user transmission beam direction having the received maximum energy, and the indication information indicating each deviation of the user transmission beam direction; and transmitting message 3 to the base station apparatus using the adjusted user transmission beams, and receiving a collision resolution scheme transmitted by the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for initial access and random access based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams. The method is:

transmitting, by the base station, a synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment;

receiving a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two user beams;

Based on the preamble sequence, each deviation between the user beam direction having the maximum energy and the user beam direction is determined, and each deviation between the base station beam direction having the maximum energy and the base station beam direction is determined by polling process and;

adjusting the base station beams according to each deviation between the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the beam direction of the base station;

transmitting a random access response and indication information indicating each deviation between a direction of a user beam having the maximum energy and a direction of the user beam to the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams;

and performing data transmission and reception with the user equipment for which the user beams are adjusted based on the indication information by using the adjusted base station beams.

Advantageously, receiving the preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in the at least two correlated user beams comprises:

and receiving a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two user beams in a differential beam transmission scheme.

Preferably, the preamble sequence is transmitted by the user equipment in a differential beam transmission scheme in different orthogonal time-domain resources or in different orthogonal frequency resources or in the same time-frequency resources having orthogonal codewords.

Preferably, the preamble sequence is transmitted by the user equipment in a sum beam and a differential beam in different orthogonal time-domain resources in one or more antenna arrays, respectively; Alternatively, the preamble sequence is transmitted by the user equipment in a sum beam and a differential beam in different orthogonal frequency resources or the same time-frequency resources having an orthogonal codeword in a plurality of antenna arrays, respectively.

Preferably, the receiving of the preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two user beams in the differential beam transmission scheme comprises:

receiving, by the base station apparatus, initial access data transmitted by the user apparatus in at least two user beams in a differential beam transmission scheme;

and determining a preamble sequence included in the initial access data and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence by performing preamble sequence correlation detection on the initial access data.

Preferably, based on the preamble sequence, the step of determining the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the deviation of the beam direction of the base station includes:

and determining a user beam direction having a maximum energy and each deviation of the user beam direction based on a result of the preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data.

Preferably, based on the preamble sequence, the step of determining the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the deviation of the beam direction of the base station includes:

determining, based on a result of preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data, a user transmission beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user transmission beam direction;

A process of transmitting a random access response and a user beam direction having a maximum energy to the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams and indication information indicating each deviation of the user beam direction includes:

and transmitting indication information indicating a direction of a user transmission beam having a random access response and maximum energy and each deviation of the user transmission beam direction to the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams.

A process of using the adjusted base station beams and performing data transmission and reception with the user equipment for which the user beams are adjusted based on the indication information includes:

and receiving, by the base station apparatus, a message 3 transmitted by the user equipment whose user beams have been adjusted based on the indication information and a collision resolution scheme transmitted using the adjusted base station beams.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for initial access and random access based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams. The method is:

receiving, by the user equipment, initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in at least two user beams;

performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and determining each deviation between a user beam direction having a maximum energy and a user beam direction according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection;

adjusting the user beams according to each deviation between the direction of the user beam having the maximum energy and the direction of the user beam;

transmitting a preamble sequence to the base station device;

and performing data transmission with the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams.

Preferably, the process in which the user equipment receives initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in at least two user beams comprises:

and receiving, by the user equipment, initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in a differential beam reception manner in at least two user beams.

Preferably, the process of receiving, by the user equipment, the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in a differential beam reception manner in at least two user beams comprises:

In other orthogonal time-domain resources, different orthogonal frequency resources, or time-frequency resources having the same orthogonal codewords, the user equipment receives initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in a differential beam reception manner. includes the process.

Preferably, the user equipment receives the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in one or more antenna arrays in different orthogonal time-domain resources in a differential beam reception scheme; Alternatively, the user equipment receives the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus from a plurality of antenna arrays in different orthogonal frequency resources or the same time-frequency resources having orthogonal codewords in a differential beam reception scheme.

Preferably, after receiving the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus, the method comprises:

receiving the random access configuration information transmitted by the base station apparatus, wherein the random access configuration information is transmitted from a base station beam direction and angular deviation to preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences a mapping relationship or mapping relationship from a base station beam orientation to preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences;

Based on the random access configuration information together with the base station transmit beam direction determined by the polling and each deviation of the base station transmit beam direction, the process of determining the corresponding preamble sequence and the time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence and;

The process of transmitting the preamble sequence to the base station device includes:

and transmitting the preamble sequence to the base station apparatus using a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence.

Preferably, the process of performing synchronization signal sequence detection on the initial access data includes:

determining a third result of interphase detection for an arbitrary synchronization signal sequence by performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on initial access data received based on the sum beam;

determining a fourth result of correlation detection for the synchronization signal sequence by performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data transmitted based on the differential beam;

and determining that the initial access data includes a synchronization signal sequence when it is determined that the fourth result of the correlation detection and/or the fourth result of the correlation detection satisfies a second determination condition.

The second determining condition includes at least one of:

when the third result of the correlation detection exceeds a fifth detection threshold and the fourth result of the correlation detection exceeds the fifth detection threshold;

when the third result of the correlation detection exceeds a sixth detection threshold;

When the fourth result of the correlation detection exceeds the sixth detection threshold,

Here, the third detection threshold is not greater than the fourth detection threshold.

Preferably, according to the result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, determining a user beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user beam direction comprises:

and determining, based on a third result of the correlation detection and a fourth result of the correlation detection, a user beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user beam direction.

Preferably, the process of transmitting the preamble sequence to the base station device comprises:

transmitting the preamble sequence to the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams;

The process of performing data transmission with the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams includes:

receiving a random access response transmitted by the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams;

transmitting message 3 to the base station device using the adjusted user beams;

and receiving the collision resolution scheme transmitted by the base station apparatus using the coordinated user beams.

Preferably, according to the result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, determining each deviation between a direction of a user beam having a maximum energy and a direction of the user beam includes:

determining, according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, each deviation of a direction of a user receive beam having the maximum energy and a direction of the user receive beam;

The process of adjusting the user beams according to the direction of the user beam having the maximum energy and each deviation of the direction of the user beam includes:

and adjusting the user reception beams according to the deviation of the direction of the user reception beam having the maximum energy and the direction of the user reception beam.

Preferably, the method comprises:

The method further includes adjusting the user transmission beams based on the indication information when receiving indication information indicating the deviation of the direction of the user beam having the maximum energy and the direction of the user beam transmitted by the base station apparatus.

Preferably, the user equipment receives initial access data transmitted by the base station in at least two user beams in a differential beam transmission scheme in at least two user beams in a differential beam reception scheme,

The base station transmit beam direction deviation detection is performed on the initial access data transmitted using the differential beam transmission method to determine each deviation between the base station transmit beam direction and the base station transmit beam direction having the maximum energy.

Preferably, the method comprises:

Based on the received random access configuration information, transmitted by the base station apparatus, along with each deviation of the base station transmit beam direction and the base station transmit beam direction having the maximum energy determined by detecting the deviation of the base station transmit beam direction, the corresponding It further includes the process of determining a preamble sequence.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station apparatus for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams. The base station device includes:

a first transmitting module, configured to transmit a synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in at least two base station beams;

a first receiving module, configured to receive, in at least two base station beams, a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment;

a first determining module, configured to determine, based on the preamble sequence, a base station beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the base station beam direction;

a first adjusting module, configured to adjust the base station beams according to the direction of the base station beam having the maximum energy and each deviation of the base station beam direction;

and a first transceiver module, configured to perform data transmission and reception with the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams. The user device is:

a second transmitting module, configured to receive initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in the at least two correlated base station beams;

a second determining module, configured to perform synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and determine, according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, an angle deviation between a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of the base station class;

Receive the random access configuration information transmitted by the base station apparatus, and determine a corresponding preamble sequence based on the random access configuration information together with each deviation of the beam direction of the base station having the determined maximum energy and the beam direction of the base station a third determining module;

a third transmitting module, configured to transmit the preamble sequence to the base station apparatus;

Using the adjusted base station beams An embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams. The user device is:

a second transmitting module, configured to receive initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in the at least two correlated base station beams;

a second determining module, configured to perform synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and determine, according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, an angle deviation between a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of the base station class;

Receive the random access configuration information transmitted by the base station apparatus, and determine a corresponding preamble sequence based on the random access configuration information together with each deviation of the beam direction of the base station having the determined maximum energy and the beam direction of the base station a third determining module;

a third transmitting module, configured to transmit the preamble sequence to the base station apparatus;

and a second transceiver module, configured to perform data transmission with the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams.

An embodiment of the present invention further includes a base station apparatus for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams. The base station device includes:

a fourth transmitting module, configured to transmit the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment;

a second receiving module, configured to receive a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two user beams;

Based on the preamble sequence, each deviation between the user beam direction having the maximum energy and the user beam direction is determined, and each deviation between the base station beam direction having the maximum energy and the base station beam direction is determined by polling a fourth determining module configured to;

a second adjustment module configured to adjust the base station beams according to the deviation of the base station beam direction and the base station beam direction having the maximum energy;

a fifth transmitting module, configured to transmit a random access response and indication information indicating an angle deviation of a user beam direction having the maximum energy and a direction of a user beam having the maximum energy to the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams;

and a third transceiver module, configured to use the adjusted base station beams to transmit and receive data with the user equipment whose user beams are adjusted based on the indication information.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a user equipment for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams. The user device is:

a sixth transmitting module, configured to receive, in the at least two user beams, the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus;

a fifth determining module, configured to perform synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and determine, according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, an angle deviation between a user beam direction having a maximum energy and a user beam direction class;

a third adjustment module configured to adjust the user beam direction having the maximum energy and the user beams according to each deviation of the user beam direction;

a sixth transmitting module, configured to transmit a preamble sequence to the base station apparatus;

and a fourth transceiver module, configured to perform data transmission with the base station apparatus using the steered user beams.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the base station apparatus transmits initial access data to the user equipment in the initial access process in at least two base station beams, so that the optimal beam direction can be quickly determined at the base station side, and the collision probability is reduced can be Therefore, by using the above schemes in this embodiment, the performance of the random access process can be improved.

In another embodiment of the present invention, in comparison with a conventional random access scheme based on beam polling, a random access process in which a transmission scheme based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams is adopted at the user equipment side is The time required for searching for an optimal beam pair can be reduced. This is because the angular deviation can be determined with higher accuracy with the multi-antenna-port and multi-beam transmission scheme, the user equipment can receive the sync signal sequence and transmit the preamble sequence using wider beams, and in RAR The beam direction may be adjusted using the transmitted deviation information, and signals may be received and transmitted using narrower beams in the following processes. Accordingly, the number of preamble sequence transmissions by polling at the user equipment side can be significantly reduced.

The above methods provided in the present invention apply only minor modifications to existing systems, and thus will not affect system compatibility. Moreover, implementations of such schemes provided are not only simple, but also highly efficient.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be understood and will become apparent, in part, from the following description, or will be fully understood from the practice of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above-described and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
1 is a schematic diagram of initial access and contention-based random access processes in LTE/LTE-A in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the received energy of a sum beam and a differential beam;
3 is a schematic diagram of the ratio of received signals of a differential beam and a sum beam;
4 is a flowchart of initial access and random access processes based on a differential beam;
5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting terminal based on an antenna array according to Embodiment 1;
6 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving terminal based on an antenna array according to Embodiment 1;
7 is a schematic diagram of a preamble sequence according to Embodiment 1;
8 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving a synchronization signal sequence and a preamble sequence according to Embodiment 1;
9 is a structural diagram of a synchronization signal sequence transmitted by a differential beam method according to Embodiment 1;
Fig. 10 is a flowchart in which a user equipment detects a synchronization signal sequence according to Embodiment 1;
11 is a structural diagram of a synchronization signal sequence transmitted on different resources according to Embodiment 1;
12 is a schematic flowchart in which a base station according to Embodiment 1 processes a received signal;
13 is a schematic diagram of scanning and receiving a preamble sequence with a plurality of beam pairs according to Embodiment 1;
14 is a schematic diagram of a receive beam scanning scheme according to Embodiment 1;
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a differential beam polling scheme and a corresponding frame structure for a user equipment according to Embodiment 3;
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a flow in which a user processes a received signal according to Embodiment 3;
17 is a schematic diagram of a random access channel structure for transmitting a preamble sequence with a differential beam according to Embodiment 3;
18 is a flowchart in which a base station detects a preamble sequence according to Embodiment 3;
19 is a schematic diagram of a random access channel structure for transmitting a preamble sequence with different resources according to Embodiment 3;
20 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization signal sequence structure according to Embodiment 5;
21 is a schematic diagram of a random access channel structure according to Embodiment 5;
22 is a schematic flowchart of a method for initial access and random access based on multiple ports and multiple beams in a base station apparatus according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
23 is a schematic flowchart of a method for initial access and random access based on multiple ports and multiple beams in a user equipment according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
24 is a schematic flowchart of a method for initial access and random access based on multiple ports and multiple beams in a base station apparatus according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;
25 is a schematic flowchart of a method for initial access and random access based on multiple ports and multiple beams in a user equipment according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;
26 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station apparatus for initial access and random access based on multiple ports and multiple beams according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
27 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment for initial access and random access based on multiple ports and multiple beams according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;
28 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station apparatus for initial access and random access based on multiple ports and multiple beams according to another specific embodiment of the present invention;
29 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment for initial access and random access based on multiple ports and multiple beams according to another specific embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Examples of such embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, are used only to describe the present invention, and should not be regarded as any limitation thereto.

In some processes described in the detailed description, claims, and figures as above, a number of mapping relationships appearing in a particular order or direction are included. It should be understood that these mapping relationships may not be performed in the order or direction described in the text. For example, the mapping relationship from A to B may represent the mapping relationship from B to A, that is, the mapping relationship between A and B. may be bidirectional.

Channel direction information acquisition technology based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams can acquire accurate channel direction information, and when applied in a millimeter wave based on beamforming, with a lower overhead. Accurate channel direction information can be obtained, and thus the detection time of the initial access and the random access is shortened. The basic principle is as follows: in each attempt for transmit/receive beam pairs, two or more different antenna ports are used at the transmitter side and/or receiver side to transmit and receive beams, There is some correlation between the beams. Due to the correlation, at the receiver side, an estimated angular deviation of the receive beams can be obtained by comparing the energy between different receive beams, so that the receive beam direction is adjusted, and the receive signal at the receiver side The noise-to-noise ratio is increased. Furthermore, at the receiver side, the estimated angular deviation of the transmit beams can be obtained by comparing the receive energy between different transmit beams. At the transmitter side, the direction of the beams can be adjusted to match with the receiver side by the feedback from the estimated angular deviation, thus increasing the received signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver side. In this case, one attempt for a beam pair can recognize a simultaneous direction in multiple directions, so that the detection time is significantly shortened and the performance of initial access and random access processes is remarkably improved.

When there are two antenna ports, the preferred beamforming coefficient can be expressed as:

Here, N is an even number representing the number of antennas at the transmitter side of the base station, d represents a section between antennas, λ represents the wavelength, and θ represents the direction of transmission beams at the transmitter side. Two beams are transmitted at two antenna ports respectively. From the beamforming coefficient, w _sum represents a general beamforming coefficient in the beam direction of θ, which is referred to as a sum beam in the present invention, and in w _dif , elements in the previous 1/2 part of w _sum It can be understood that the elements in the previous half are identical, and the elements in the second half part are opposite numbers of the corresponding elements in w _sum , so w _dif is the beam It can be regarded as a differential beam of w _sum . In the present invention, this beamforming method is referred to as a differential beam. When the number of antenna ports exceeds two, the antenna ports may be arbitrarily classified into two parts: a part for transmitting a sum beam and a part for transmitting a differential beam according to an actual situation.

As an example, when considering a transmitter having 8 antennas, FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of received energy of a sum beam and a differential beam. As can be seen, the sum and differential beams differ in energy distribution even though the directions are the same. Accordingly, the ratio of the received energies of the two beams can be used as a basis for determining the deviation from the central beam direction.

3 is a schematic diagram of a ratio of received energies of a differential beam and a sum beam; As shown in Fig. 3, within a certain angular deviation range, each deviation corresponds to a ratio of the received signals on a one-to-one basis. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the angular deviation range is about [-15°, 15°]. When the respective deviation is within this range, a lookup table may be generated according to the ratio of the received signals and the corresponding respective deviation, and the respective deviation is calculated from the lookup table according to the ratio of the received signals. It is read and fed back to the transmitter side by the receiver side to adjust the transmit beam direction.

In the millimeter wave communication system, there is a problem in selecting an optimal beam pair in initial access and random access processes. In order to deal with this problem, along with the differential beam algorithm as described above, the present invention proposes initial access and random access processes based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams. 4 is a basic flow chart of initial access and random access processes based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams according to the present invention.

4 , the random access process is still performed after the initial access process. The initial access and random access processes still include five processes. In the scheme shown in Fig. 4, both the base station and the UE adopt a differential beam transmission/reception scheme.

In the first process, the UE establishes a connection with the base station by detecting a synchronization signal. The base station transmits the synchronization signal using a differential beam transmission scheme, and the UE adopts a differential beam reception scheme. Accordingly, the UE can know the optimal user reception beam and angular deviation according to the reception signal of the differential beam and the reception signal of the sum beam, and this direction is used for data reception in the following processes; Meanwhile, the optimal base station transmission beam direction and its respective deviation may be obtained according to the received differential beam signal and the sum beam signal transmitted by the base station. Thereafter, the base station transmits random access channel configuration information to the user. The configuration information includes a mapping relationship for preamble sequences and resources from a base station transmission beam direction and each deviation thereof.

In the second process, the UE transmits a preamble sequence to the base station. The UE side adopts a differential beam transmission scheme, and the base station adopts a differential beam reception scheme. Based on the mapping relation from the base station transmit beam direction and each deviation obtained in the first process to preamble sequences and resources, the UE determines the optimal base station transmit beam direction and preamble sequences corresponding to the deviation, and use resources. Accordingly, the base station can obtain the optimal base station transmit beam direction and its angular deviation according to the mapping relationship from the transmit beam direction and each deviation to the preamble sequences and resources, and, therefore, use this for data transmission in the following processes. direction can be used. In addition, the UE can know the optimal base station reception beam and its angular deviation according to the reception signal of the differential beam and the reception signal of the sum beam, and thus can use this direction for data reception in the following processes; Meanwhile, the optimal user transmission beam direction and its respective deviation may be obtained according to the received differential beam signal and the sum beam signal transmitted by the user.

In the third process, the base station transmits a random access response (RAR) according to the optimal transmission beam direction obtained in the second process. In addition, the base station transmits the optimal user transmission beam direction and its angular deviation obtained in the second process together with the RAR to the UE. The UE receives the RAR according to the optimal beam direction determined in the first process.

In a fourth process, the UE adjusts the transmit beam direction according to the optimal beam direction received in the third process and its respective deviation, and transmits Msg3; The base station receives the Msg3 according to the optimal beam direction determined in the second process.

In the fifth process, the base station transmits a collision resolution scheme according to the optimal beam direction determined in the second process, and the UE receives the collision resolution scheme according to the optimal beam direction determined in the first process do.

In the above processes, both the UE and the base station adopt a differential beam scheme. It should be noted that the differential beam method may be used only at the base station side or the UE side, whereas the normal beam polling method may still be used at the other side. Due to the use of the differential beam method, in the initial access and random access processes, a process of selecting a beam pair may be shortened, and a collision probability may also be reduced. As a result, performance of initial access and random access processes in a millimeter wave communication system based on beamforming may be improved.

The flow shown in FIG. 4 may be applied to a contention-based random access process. For a contention-free random access process, even if the preamble sequence transmitted by the UE is assigned by the base station, it is still essential to determine an optimal transmit/receive beam pair between the base station and the UE. Therefore, when determining the optimal beam pair, the differential beam scheme provided in this scheme can still be used.

When the antenna array at the base station side or the UE side is direction reciprocal, the optimum transmission beam direction is the same as the optimum reception beam direction. Based on the direction reciprocity of the antenna array at the base station side or the UE side, the flow shown in FIG. 4 may be further optimized.

22 is a schematic flowchart of a method for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams in a base station apparatus according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Step S101: the base station apparatus transmits a synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams; Step S102: a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams is received; Step S103: each deviation between the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the beam direction of the base station is determined based on the preamble sequence; Step S104: Base station beams are adjusted according to each deviation of the base station beam direction having the maximum energy and the base station beam direction; Step S105: Data transmission and reception are performed with the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams.

Preferably, the step S101 includes, in particular: the base station apparatus transmitting a synchronization signal sequence in at least two base station beams to the user equipment in a differential beam transmission manner, the step S102 particularly comprising: at least two base station beams and receiving the preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in a differential beam reception method.

Preferably, after the step S101, the method further includes a step S106 (not shown). In step S106, random access configuration information is transmitted to the user equipment through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration, wherein the random access configuration information is a base station transmission beam and a mapping relationship from a direction and each deviation thereof to preamble sequences and resources, or a mapping relationship from a base station transmit beam direction to preamble sequences and resources.

Optionally, in step S101, through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, or a downlink broadcast channel, the base station device transmits a first component data sequence through a sum beam, and through a differential beam transmit a second component data sequence, wherein the synchronization signal sequence includes the first component data sequence and a second component data sequence; Alternatively, the synchronization signal sequence is the same as the first component data sequence and the second component data sequence.

Optionally, in step S101, a synchronization signal sequence is transmitted through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, or a downlink broadcast channel in a sum beam and a differential beam in predetermined time-frequency resources.

Here, the predetermined time-frequency resources include at least one of the following:

Different orthogonal time-domain resources, different orthogonal frequency-domain resources, same time-frequency resources with orthogonal codewords.

Optionally, in step S101, the base station apparatus transmits the same or different synchronization signal sequences to the sum beam and differential beam through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel or a downlink broadcast channel in two different antenna arrays. send each

The same or different sync signal sequences are transmitted to different antenna arrays. In one example, identical synchronization signal sequences are transmitted to two antenna arrays. Here, the first array transmits the sync signal sequence as a sum beam, whereas the second array transmits the sync signal sequence as a differential beam.

When the synchronization signal sequences are transmitted to different antenna arrays, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence may be transmitted on the same frequency resources each having orthogonal codewords, or the sum beam sequence or the differential beam sequence is an orthogonal code words or other frequency resources with non-orthogonal codewords, respectively.

Preferably, the process S102 includes a process S1021 (not shown) and a process S1022 (not shown). In step S1021, the base station device receives the initial access data transmitted by the user device in a differential beam reception method. In step S1022, the base station sequence correlation detection may be performed on the initial access data to determine a preamble sequence included in the initial access data and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence.

Optionally, in step S103, based on a result of the preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data, a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the beam direction of the base station are determined. This case is a processing method when the antenna arrays of the base station apparatus are antenna reciprocal, that is, when the transmit beam direction and the receive beam direction of the base station apparatus are the same.

Optionally, the process S103 includes a process S1031 (not shown) and a process S1032 (not shown). In step S1031, each deviation between the base station receive beam direction having the maximum energy and the base station receive beam direction is determined based on a result of preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data. In step S1032, each deviation of the base station transmit beam direction and the base station transmit beam direction is determined based on the preamble sequence, time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequence, and random access configuration information. This case is a processing method when the antenna arrays of the base station apparatus are not antenna reciprocal, that is, when the transmit beam direction and the receive beam direction of the base station apparatus are different. Preferably, in step S104, the base station transmit beams are adjusted according to each deviation of the base station transmit beam direction and the base station transmit beam direction, and the base station receive beams are the base station receive beam direction and the base station receive beam having the maximum energy. adjusted according to each deviation in direction; In step S105, data is transmitted to the user equipment using the adjusted base station transmit beams, and data from the user equipment is received using the adjusted base station receive beams.

Preferably, when the preamble sequence is transmitted by the user equipment in a differential beam transmission scheme, the method further includes step S107 (not shown). In step S107, based on the received preamble sequence transmitted by the user device through the sum beam and the differential beam, user beam direction deviation detection is performed to determine the angle of the user beam direction and the user beam direction having the maximum energy. deviation can be determined.

Optionally, in step S107, based on the reception preamble sequence transmitted by the user device through the sum beam and the differential beam, a user transmission beam direction deviation detection is performed to determine a user transmission beam direction having a maximum energy and Each deviation of the user transmission beam direction may be determined. This case is a processing method when the antenna arrays of the user equipment are not antenna reciprocal, that is, when the transmit beam direction and the receive beam direction of the user equipment are different. Preferably, in step S105, a random access response and indication information indicating a direction of a user beam having the maximum energy and an angle deviation of the direction of the user beam are transmitted to the user equipment using the adjusted base station transmission beams.

Corresponding to FIG. 22, FIG. 23 is a schematic flowchart of a method for initial access and random access based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams in a user equipment according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Step S201: the user equipment receives initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in at least two correlated base station beams; Step S202: synchronization signal sequence correlation detection is performed on the initial access data, and each deviation between a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of the base station is determined according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection; Step S203: A corresponding preamble sequence and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence are determined according to each deviation between a beam direction of a base station having the determined maximum energy and a beam direction of the base station; Step S204: the preamble sequence is transmitted to the base station apparatus using a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence; Step S205: Data transmission is performed with the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams.

Preferably, the step S201 includes, in particular: the user equipment receiving the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in a differential beam transmission manner in at least two base station beams.

Preferably, the process S202 includes a process S2021 (not shown), a process S2022 (not shown), and a process 2023 (not shown). In step S2021, synchronization signal sequence correlation detection may be performed on the initial access data transmitted through the sum beam to determine a first result of correlation detection for an arbitrary synchronization signal sequence. In step S2022, the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection may be performed on the initial access data transmitted through the differential beam to determine a second result of the correlation detection for the synchronization signal sequence. In step S2023, when it is determined that the first result of the correlation detection and/or the second result of the correlation detection satisfy the first determination condition, it is determined that the initial access data includes the synchronization signal sequence.

Here, the first determining condition includes at least one of:

when the first result of the correlation detection exceeds a first detection threshold and the second result of the correlation detection exceeds the first detection threshold;

when the first result of the correlation detection exceeds a second detection threshold;

when the second result of the correlation detection exceeds the second detection threshold,

Here, the first detection threshold is not greater than the second detection threshold.

Preferably, the step S202 includes a step S2024 (not shown). In step S2024, each deviation of the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the beam direction of the base station is determined based on the first result of the correlation detection and the second result of the correlation detection.

Preferably, in the step S203, a mapping relationship from the base station beam direction and their respective deviations to the preamble sequences and the time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences, or the preamble sequences and the preamble sequence from the base station beam direction According to a mapping relationship to time-frequency resources occupied by An occupied time-frequency resource is determined.

Preferably, the method comprises: receiving random access configuration information transmitted by the base station apparatus, from the random access configuration information, a base station beam direction and its respective deviation and preamble sequences and occupied by the preamble sequences and determining a mapping relationship between time-frequency resources to be used or a mapping relationship from a base station transmission beam direction to preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences.

Preferably, in step S205, the message 3 is transmitted to the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams, and a collision resolution scheme transmitted by the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams is received. This case is a processing method when the antenna arrays of the user equipment are antenna reciprocal, that is, when the transmit beam direction and the receive beam direction of the user equipment are the same.

Optionally, the process S205 includes a process S2051 (not shown), a process S2052 (not shown), and a process S2053 (not shown). In the step S2051, the random access response and indication information indicating each deviation of the user transmission beam direction and the user transmission beam direction having the maximum energy, transmitted by the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station transmission beams, are received do. In the step S2052, user transmission beams are adjusted based on the indication information indicating each deviation of the received user transmission beam direction and the user transmission beam direction having the maximum energy transmitted by the base station apparatus. In step S2053, message 3 is transmitted to the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams, and a collision resolution scheme transmitted by the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams is received. This case is a processing method when the antenna arrays of the user equipment are not antenna reciprocal, that is, when the transmit beam direction and the receive beam direction of the user equipment are different.

Example 1:

In this embodiment, initial access and random access processes based on differential beams will be described along with specific system parameter settings. When considering a system operating in millimeter wave bands, both the base station and the user adopt a transmission structure based on an antenna array as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 .

Here, FIG. 5 shows a structure of a transmitter, and FIG. 6 shows a structure of a UE. In FIG. 5, each link processed by the baseband is connected to an antenna array composed of N_st antenna units through an up-converter and a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC). Each antenna in the antenna array is tunable only in phase. By adjusting the phase, the antenna array can form beams in a suitable direction to realize beamforming of the millimeter wave system. The structure of the UE in FIG. 6 is similar to that in FIG. 5 . Each baseband link is connected to an antenna array consisting of N_sr antenna units, the antenna units being tunable only in phase. By adjusting the phase, the antenna array can steer the received beams in a suitable direction to increase the received signal-to-noise ratio.

5 and 6 , a communication system operating in millimeter wave bands is based on beamforming, and the matched beamforming may provide a maximum received signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, for the millimeter wave communication system, during the random access, it is necessary not only to estimate the uplink synchronization and timing advance, but also to determine the optimal transmit/receive beam pair, that is, the corresponding beamforming coefficient.

In this embodiment, the preamble sequence is transmitted on a random access channel. Considering that the available bandwidth of the millimeter wave system is generally large, for the convenience of detection by the base station, the random access channel is arranged in the middle of the useful uplink bandwidth. The random access channel occupies six resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain and lasts for one or more subframes in time. The random access channel consists of three parts: a sequence, a cyclic prefix, and a guard period. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a random access channel that lasts for one subframe.

Based on the above structure, in this embodiment, when the base station side and the UE side are not direction reciprocal, the base station adopts a differential beam scheme and the UE adopts a general polling scheme for initial access and Random access processes will be described. when the number of antenna ports included in the base station is 2, one port is used for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, and the other port is used for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences; When the number of antenna ports included in the base station is greater than or equal to 3, the antenna ports may be arbitrarily divided into two parts, one of which is for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences and , the remaining one part is for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences. Both the base station and the UE adopt a transmission structure based on an antenna array. 8 shows a schematic diagram in which the base station transmits a synchronization signal and random access configuration information and the UE transmits a random access preamble sequence in this embodiment.

In a first process, the base station transmits a synchronization signal sequence, and the UE performs correlation detection on the received signal. The base station transmits the synchronization signal in a differential manner. Especially:

1. The sync signal sequence is divided into two parts. The first part is transmitted by the sum beam and the second part is transmitted by the differential beam. Fig. 9 shows the structure of the synchronization signal sequence in this way.

It should be noted that in the structure shown in FIG. 9, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence belong to the same synchronization signal sequence. However, the sum beam sequence, that is, the first half part of the synchronization signal sequence in FIG. 9 is transmitted as the sum beam, and beamforming weight coefficients are as follows:

Here, N_BS represents the number of antennas used for beamforming by the base station, and φ represents the direction of the beamforming. In Fig. 9, the latter half part, that is, a differential sequence, is transmitted by a differential beam, and the beamforming weight coefficients are as follows:

The synchronization signal sequence detection method is correlation detection, and in the correlation detection, a result of the correlation detection performed on the sum beam sequence may be used as a received signal of the sum beam, and the result of the correlation detection performed on the differential sequence is It can be used as the received signal of the differential beam. A flow in which the UE detects a synchronization signal sequence and a beam transmission detection deviation using this synchronization signal sequence transmission scheme is shown in FIG.

이고, 상기 차동 빔 시퀀스 파트 및 동일한 동기 신호 시퀀스에 대해 수행되는 상관 검출의 결과가

라고 가정될 경우, 이 프리앰블 시퀀스는 다음과 같은 조건들 a.

; b.

; c.

중 하나가 만족될 때 검출된다고 고려된다. 여기서,

및

는 각각 제1 검출 임계값 및 제2 검출 임계값이고,

의 조건을 만족한다. 상기 제1 검출 임계값

및 제2 검출 임계값

는 상기 셀 반경, 상기 동기 신호 시퀀스의 송신 동안 상기 UE 및 기지국에 의한 빔포밍을 위해 사용되는 안테나들의 개수, 상기 동기 신호 시퀀스의 길이와 같은 요소들에 의해 결정된다.10 , the UE performs correlation detection on the received signal, and outputs a result of correlation detection performed on the sum beam sequence and a result of correlation detection performed on the differential beam sequence in each synchronization signal sequence, respectively. do. Since the sum beam and the differential beam have different beam characteristics even though they are the same in the beam direction, the results of the detection cannot be determined by a single threshold value. A preferred method for determining is as follows: the result of correlation detection performed on the sum beam sequence part and the specific sync signal sequence is

and the result of correlation detection performed on the differential beam sequence part and the same synchronization signal sequence is

, this preamble sequence is subject to the following conditions: a.

; b.

; c.

It is considered to be detected when one of them is satisfied. here,

and

are the first detection threshold and the second detection threshold, respectively,

satisfy the condition of the first detection threshold

and a second detection threshold

is determined by factors such as the cell radius, the number of antennas used for beamforming by the UE and the base station during transmission of the synchronization signal sequence, and the length of the synchronization signal sequence.

When a specific synchronization signal sequence is detected, the corresponding results of correlation detection performed on this synchronization signal sequence are used as a sum beam signal and a differential beam signal, and a signal ratio is calculated, so that the deviation of the base station transmission beam direction is the difference of the differential beam method. can be obtained according to the principle.

2. The same synchronization signal sequences are transmitted on different resources. In one example, identical synchronization signal sequences are transmitted in two sections of consecutive system resources. Here, the first section of the resources performs transmission by the sum beam, whereas the second section of the resources performs transmission by the differential beam. 11 shows the structure of the synchronization signal sequence in this way.

This transmission scheme can still use the flowchart for detecting the synchronization signal sequence of FIG. 10 . That is, the synchronization signal sequence is detected first, and when transmission of the synchronization signal sequence is detected, the transmission beam direction and its angular deviation are additionally detected.

3. The same or different sync signal sequences are transmitted to different antenna arrays. In one example, the same sync signal sequences are transmitted to the two antenna arrays. Here, the first array performs transmission by the sum beam, whereas the second array performs transmission by the differential beam.

When synchronization signal sequences are transmitted to different antenna arrays, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence may be transmitted on the same frequency resources each having orthogonal codewords, or the sum beam sequence or the differential beam sequence is an orthogonal codeword or other frequency resources with non-orthogonal codewords, respectively.

This transmission scheme can still use the flowchart for detecting the synchronization signal sequence of FIG. 10 . That is, the synchronization signal sequence is detected first, and when transmission of the synchronization signal sequence is detected, the transmission beam direction and its respective deviation are additionally detected.

Next, the base station transmits the random access configuration information to the user through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration. When compared with the conventional random access configuration information, the random access channel configuration and preamble sequence configuration information, as well as the random access configuration information, from the base station transmit beam direction and each deviation thereof to the preamble sequences and resources mapping relationship, or It will additionally include a mapping relationship from the base station transmit beam direction to preamble sequences and resources.

The UE detects an optimal base station transmit beam direction and its angular deviation by polling, and then determines an optimal UE receive beam. In the following processes, the UE receives signals using this directional beam.

In the second process, the detected optimal base station transmit beam direction and its deviation, and the mapping relation from the base station transmit beam direction and its deviation to preamble sequences and resources, or preamble sequences and resources from the base station transmit beam direction Based on the mapping relationship to , the UE uses the corresponding preamble sequences and resources. The same optimal base station transmit beam direction and its respective deviation may correspond to a plurality of preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences.

은 3개의 서로 소 서브 집합들

,

,

로 분할된다. 상기 3개의 서브 집합들은 다음과 같은 조건들을 만족한다:As shown in FIG. 8 , the UE transmits the same or different preamble sequences using transmit beams in different directions. When transmitting the same preamble sequences, the sequence is randomly selected from a corresponding set of preamble sequences, and then transmitted in each beam direction; When transmitting different preamble sequences, the corresponding set of preamble sequences is divided into a plurality of disjoint subsets, one preamble sequence is selected from each subset, and then transmitted in each beam direction. do. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 8 , a set of useful preamble sequences when the UE transmits preamble sequences using beams in three different directions

are three different small subsets.

,

,

is divided into The three subsets satisfy the following conditions:

의 서브 집합으로 병합되고, 따라서 프리앰블 시퀀스들의 다른 파트는 일 예로 비경쟁 랜덤 억세스 프로세스를 위해 예약된다.The above conditions may be relaxed. That is, in the second equation, the subsets are a set of preamble sequences.

are merged into a subset of , and thus other parts of the preamble sequences are reserved for, for example, a contention-free random access process.

로부터 랜덤하게 선택되고; 상기 UE가 제2 방향에서 빔들을 사용하여 프리앰블 시퀀스를 송신할 경우, 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스는 상기 서브 집합

로부터 랜덤하게 선택되고; 상기 UE가 제3 방향에서 빔들을 사용하여 프리앰블 시퀀스를 송신할 경우, 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스는 상기 서브 집합

으로부터 랜덤하게 선택된다. When the UE transmits a preamble sequence using beams in a first direction, the preamble sequence is

randomly selected from; When the UE transmits a preamble sequence using beams in the second direction, the preamble sequence is

randomly selected from; When the UE transmits a preamble sequence using beams in the third direction, the preamble sequence is

is randomly selected from

These two transmission schemes have inherent advantages and disadvantages. When the same preamble sequences are used, each UE needs to select only one preamble sequence during each random access, so the usage rate of the preamble sequences is high, and the correlation detection performed in each preamble sequence by the base station is low It has complexity; Longer preamble sequences are needed because the base station does not know the timing of transmission by the UE. Meanwhile, when other preamble sequences are used, the detection complexity of the base station is high, but shorter preamble sequences may be used.

Next, the base station performs correlation detection on the received signal, and determines a beam direction and a deviation of the beam direction using a differential beam-based reception method. As shown in Fig. 8, during transmission of preamble sequences in the second process, the base station performs detection using two arrays, where one array calculates the conventional beam weight coefficient of the receive beams. It is used as the weight coefficient. As an example, the following beam weight coefficients are used:

는 상기 기지국의 수신 어레이에서 사용되는 안테나들의 개수이고, θ는 상기 합 빔의 중심 방향이다. 도시되어 있는 바와 같이, 상기의 합 빔 웨이트 계수는 상기 어레이들 중 1개에 대한 웨이트 계수로서 사용된다. 다른 1개의 어레이는 동일한 방향을 합 빔으로 가지고, 상기 합 빔과 상관되는 빔을 웨이트 계수로서 사용한다. 바람직한 방식은 다음과 같이 상기 합 빔의 차동 빔을 사용하는 것이다:here,

is the number of antennas used in the receiving array of the base station, and θ is the center direction of the sum beam. As shown, the sum beam weight coefficient is used as the weight coefficient for one of the arrays. The other array has the same direction as the sum beam, and uses a beam correlated with the sum beam as a weight coefficient. A preferred way is to use the differential beam of the sum beam as follows:

는 상기 웨이트 계수로서 차동 빔을 사용하는 수신 어레이에서 사용되는 안테나들의 개수이다. 2개의 어레이들에 포함되어 있는 안테나들의 개수는 동일하거나 다를 수 있지만, 이 실시예에서는

라고 가정하기로 한다. 즉, 2개의 어레이들에서 사용되는 안테나들의 개수는 동일하다. 상기 전체 어레이에 포함되는 안테나들의 개수

를 조정함으로써, 상기 빔들의 폭이 조정될 수 있고, 따라서 상기 빔들의 커버리지가 조정된다. 도 8에서 상기 합 빔 어레이 및 차동 빔 어레이 각각은 도 6의 다수의 안테나 어레이들로 구성될 수 있다는 것에 유의하여야만 할 것이다. here,

is the number of antennas used in a receiving array using a differential beam as the weight coefficient. The number of antennas included in the two arrays may be the same or different, but in this embodiment

to assume that That is, the number of antennas used in the two arrays is the same. The number of antennas included in the entire array

By adjusting , the width of the beams can be adjusted, and thus the coverage of the beams is adjusted. It should be noted that each of the sum beam array and the differential beam array in FIG. 8 may be composed of a plurality of antenna arrays of FIG. 6 .

이고, 상기 동일한 시점에서 상기 차동 빔 어레이의 상관 검출 모듈에 의해 출력되는, 상기 동일한 프리앰블 시퀀스에 대한 상관 검출의 결과가

라고 가정할 경우, 상기 결정 근거는 다음과 같다:

이고

, 혹은

, 혹은

일 경우, 이 프리앰블 시퀀스가 검출된다고 결정되고; 그렇지 않을 경우, 이 프리앰블 시퀀스가 검출되지 않는다고 결정된다. 여기서,

와

는 각각 제3 검출 임계값 및 제4 검출 임계값이고,

의 조건을 만족한다. 상기 결정 근거는 다음과 같다: 도 2에 도시되어 있는 바와 같이, 상기 합 빔의 에너지 분포와 상기 차동 빔의 에너지 분포는 서로 상보적(complementary)이다. 즉, 상기 합 빔의 수신 에너지가 최대일 때, 상기 차동 빔의 수신 에너지는 영(0)이지만; 상기 합 빔의 수신 에너지가 영일 때, 상기 차동 빔의 수신 에너지는 최대이다. 상기 두 가지 상황들은 각각 상기 빔 방향이 상기 UE에 맞춰지는 경우 및 상기 차동 빔의 피크(peak) 방향이 상기 UE에 맞춰지는 경우에 상응한다. 이 경우, 상기 차동 빔 및 합 빔에 대해서, 보다 큰 임계값이 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스가 검출되는지 여부를 결정하기 위한 근거로서 사용되어야만 한다. 그렇지 않을 경우, 보다 작은 임계값이 상기 2개의 어레이들로부터의 검출 결과들을 결정하기 위해 사용되어야만 한다. 상기 제3 검출 임계값

및 상기 제4 검출 임계값

은 상기 셀 반경, 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스의 송신 동안 상기 UE 및 기지국에 의한 빔포밍을 위해 사용되는 안테나들의 개수, 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스의 길이와 같은 요소들에 의해 결정된다.12 illustrates a flow in which the base station processes the received signal. The sum beam array and the differential beam array perform correlation detection on the preamble sequences of the received signals, and the preamble sequence detection and determination module comprehensively considers the results of correlation detection from the two arrays so that the preamble sequence is It can be determined whether or not it is detected. A preferred decision method is as follows: A comprehensive decision is made according to a correlation factor obtained from the results of correlation detection from the sum beam array and the differential beam array. For example, the result of correlation detection for a specific preamble sequence output by the correlation detection module of the sum beam array at a specific time point is

and the result of correlation detection for the same preamble sequence output by the correlation detection module of the differential beam array at the same time point is

Assuming that , the basis for the decision is as follows:

ego

, or

, or

, it is determined that this preamble sequence is detected; Otherwise, it is determined that this preamble sequence is not detected. here,

Wow

are the third detection threshold and the fourth detection threshold, respectively,

satisfy the condition of The basis for the determination is as follows: As shown in FIG. 2 , the energy distribution of the sum beam and the energy distribution of the differential beam are complementary to each other. That is, when the received energy of the sum beam is maximum, the received energy of the differential beam is zero; When the received energy of the sum beam is zero, the received energy of the differential beam is maximum. The two situations correspond to a case in which the beam direction is aligned with the UE and a case where a peak direction of the differential beam is aligned with the UE, respectively. In this case, for the differential beam and the sum beam, a larger threshold should be used as a basis for determining whether the preamble sequence is detected. Otherwise, a smaller threshold must be used to determine detection results from the two arrays. the third detection threshold

and the fourth detection threshold.

is determined by factors such as the cell radius, the number of antennas used for beamforming by the UE and the base station during transmission of the preamble sequence, and the length of the preamble sequence.

When the result output from the correlation detection module indicates that the preamble sequence is not detected, the following processes will not be executed; When the correlation detection module detects one or more preamble sequences, beam direction deviation detection is performed on each of the detected preamble sequences, that is, the deviation between the reception direction and the array beam direction is correlated from the sum beam array. obtained according to a result of detection and a result of correlation detection from the differential beam array. In particular, according to the above descriptions of the differential beam method, a lookup table between the beam direction angular deviations corresponding to the ratio between the received signals of the differential beam and the received signals of the sum beam can be generated, , each deviation is determined according to the ratio of the energy actually received by the two arrays. This angular deviation will be used to correct the base station receive beam direction in the following processes. In addition, based on the detected preamble sequences and resources, and also based on the mapping relationship from the preamble sequences and resources to the base station transmit beam direction and its angular deviation, the base station determines the optimal transmit beam direction and its angle deviation can be determined. This angular deviation will be used to correct the base station transmit beam direction in the following processes.

이고, 상기 스캐닝을 위한 타이밍은 도 14에 도시되어 있다.To reduce the search time and ensure beam coverage, the base station scans in different directions using one or more wider sum/differential beam arrays. 13 shows a system for increasing the success rate of detection of preamble sequences by scanning using multiple beams. As shown in FIG. 13 , the cell is divided into three sub-cells, where each sub-cell covers a range of 120°, and the other sub-cells can be considered independent of each other. For a range of 120° covered by the sub-cell 1, in-coverage reception is realized by beam pairs consisting of 4 beams each having a width of 30°. Each beam pair includes one sum beam and one differential beam in the same direction. Beam pairs in different beam directions are separated by time division. As an example, the duration in each direction is

and the timing for the scanning is shown in FIG. 14 .

이고, 각 빔 방향은 이를 기반으로 스캔된다. 스캐닝의 다음 주기는 상기 4개의 방향들에서의 스캐닝이 완료된 후에 시작된다. 상기 각 방향에서의 수신 빔들은 하나 혹은 그 이상의 랜덤 억세스 서브-채널들을 수신한다.In FIG. 14 , beams 1 to 4 indicate four receive beam directions covering one sub-cell, ie, corresponding sum beam directions. The duration of the receive beam pair in each direction is

, and each beam direction is scanned based on this. The next cycle of scanning starts after scanning in the four directions is completed. The receive beams in each direction receive one or more random access sub-channels.

After the transmission of the specific preamble sequence is detected in this process, a beam direction for receiving this preamble sequence and a corresponding direction angle deviation may be determined. In addition, based on the detected preamble sequence and resources, the base station may determine an optimal transmission beam direction and a corresponding direction angle deviation. In the following processes, beams having a smaller width are used as transmit and receive beams. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 13 , beams used to detect the preamble sequence in the second process have a width of 30°; Narrower beams are used to receive and transmit signals in subsequent steps of the random access. For example, by increasing the number of antenna array elements of the base station, the beam width is adjusted to 30° so that RAR transmission in the third process, Msg3 reception in the fourth process, and collision in the fifth process It is possible to realize transmission of a solution method.

By detecting the preamble sequence using wider beams and detecting the beam direction deviation using a differential reception method, the optimal beams can be searched faster at the base station than in the conventional beam polling method. In addition, by using narrower beams and adjusting the beam direction according to the beam direction deviation detected by the differential beam, the received signal-to-noise ratio can be increased in the following processes, which is the It is beneficial to improve performance. In addition, the adjustment of the beam direction is also advantageous in reducing the collision probability.

When detecting the preamble sequence in the second process, the base station may determine an optimal user transmit beam direction according to the received signal strength of the preamble sequence, and in the third process, share a downlink control channel and a downlink to the user The optimal user transmission beam direction may be informed through a channel or a downlink broadcast channel. In the following procedures, the user transmits signals using this directional beam.

Compared with the conventional random access process based on beam direction polling, in the methods of this embodiment, the optimal beam direction at the base station side can be quickly determined, and thus the collision probability is reduced. Therefore, by using the above methods in this embodiment, the performance of the random access process can be improved. However, since differential beams with larger beams are used during detection of the preamble sequence to increase the detection speed, the cell coverage is slightly lowered compared to the conventional beam detection polling scheme. To increase the cell coverage, a longer preamble sequence may be used. For example, in the example of FIG. 13 , with respect to the beam direction polling scheme, when a sub-cell of 120° is covered by beams having a width of 10° and preamble sequences of the same length are used, the supportable cell radius is larger because the energy of the beams having a smaller width is more concentrated than in the example of FIG. 13 , and the scanning of beam directions in the sub-cell is three times the scanning of the beam directions in the example of FIG. 13 . In order to compensate for the disadvantages of the differential beam method in terms of the cell coverage, the length of the preamble sequence is set to be twice the length of the preamble sequence of the conventional method. Although the beam scanning period of the conventional method is still 1.5 times that of the beam scanning period in this embodiment, when considering that two arrays are used for correlation detection in the method provided in this embodiment, the cell coverage is similar to that of the conventional method. approximation, or better performance will be realized after the length of the preamble sequence is increased. The preamble sequence can be lengthened in the following two ways: 1: repeating the same preamble sequences, 2: designing a longer preamble sequence.

Example 2:

This embodiment describes the initial access and random access processes in which the differential beam method is adopted at the base station side when the antenna arrays are directional reciprocal at both the base station side and the user equipment side, and the user equipment adopts the conventional polling method. will be. when the number of antenna ports included in the base station is 2, one port is used for transmit and receive sum beam sequences, whereas the other port is used for transmit and receive differential beam sequences; When the number of antenna ports included in the base station is greater than or equal to 3, the antenna ports may be arbitrarily classified into two parts, one part is for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, and the other one The part is for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences. The system configuration is similar to the first embodiment. each of the base station and the user equipment is provided with a transmission structure based on an antenna array; The base station adopts a differential transmission scheme, and the user equipment adopts a conventional polling scheme.

In a first process, the base station transmits a synchronization signal sequence, and the user equipment performs correlation detection on the received signal. When the base station transmits a synchronization signal in a differential manner, the synchronization signal sequence may be divided into two parts, wherein a first part is transmitted by a sum beam, a second part is transmitted by a differential beam, and ; The structure of the synchronization signal sequence corresponding to this scheme is shown in FIG. 9 . Also, the same synchronization signal sequences may be transmitted on different resources, and a synchronization signal sequence corresponding to this method is shown in FIG. 11 .

The user equipment adopts the synchronization signal sequence detection flow of FIG. 10 . That is, the synchronization signal sequence is detected first, and when transmission of the synchronization signal sequence is detected, the beam direction is additionally detected. The user equipment determines the optimal receive beam direction for the user equipment by polling. In the following procedures, the user equipment transmits and receives signals using this directional beam. Thereafter, the base station transmits the random access configuration information to the user equipment through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration.

In the second process, the user equipment transmits a preamble sequence, the base station performs correlation detection on the received signal, and then determines the beam direction and its angular deviation in a differential beam reception manner. The user equipment randomly selects a preamble sequence from a set of preamble sequences, and then transmits the preamble sequence with the optimal beam obtained in the first process. The base station performs detection using two arrays having the same number of antennas, wherein one array uses sum receive beams, and the other array uses differential receive beams, unlike this. By adjusting the number of antennas included in each receiving array, the base station can adjust the width of the beams and thus the coverage of the beams. 12 shows a flow in which the base station processes a received signal.

When the result output from the correlation detection module indicates that the preamble sequence is not detected, the following processes will not be executed; When the correlation detection module detects the preamble sequences, beam direction deviation detection is performed in each of the detected preamble sequences, that is, the deviation between the reception direction and the array beam direction is the result of correlation detection from the sum beam array and obtained according to a result of correlation detection from the differential beam array. In particular, according to the above descriptions of the differential beam method, a lookup table between the beam direction angular deviations corresponding to the ratio between the received signals of the differential beam and the received signals of the sum beam can be generated, , each deviation is determined according to the ratio of signals actually received by the two arrays. This angular deviation will be used to correct the base station beam direction in the following processes.

To reduce the search time and ensure beam coverage, the base station scans in different directions using one or more wider sum/differential beam arrays. After the transmission of the specific preamble sequence is detected in this process, an optimal beam direction for receiving this preamble sequence and a corresponding direction angle deviation can be determined. In the following random access procedures, beams with a smaller width are used as transmit and receive beams. For example, by increasing the number of antenna array elements of the base station and decreasing the beam width, RAR transmission in the third process, Msg3 reception in the fourth process, and collision resolution method in the fifth process It is also possible to realize the transmission of

Compared with the conventional random access process based on beam direction polling, in the methods of this embodiment, the optimal beam direction at the base station side can be quickly determined, and thus the collision probability is reduced. Therefore, using the methods in this embodiment, the performance of the random access process can be improved.

The schemes provided in Embodiments 1 and 2 are applicable to a contention-based random access process, and the determination of an optimal beam direction at the base station side by the base station in a differential reception scheme is also applicable to a contention-free random access process. . In particular, the user equipment transmits the assigned preamble sequence based on different transmit beam directions and angular deviations of the base station; The base station receives the preamble sequence with a sum beam array and a differential beam array, and then detects a direction having the detected maximum correlation and a corresponding beam direction deviation. The base station adjusts the beam direction based on the detected preamble sequence and resources, and then transmits a random access response using narrower beams. Upon receiving the random access response, the user equipment completes the contention-free random access process, and then waits for the next scheduling of the base station.

24 is a schematic flowchart of a method for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams in a base station apparatus according to another specific embodiment of the present invention, and includes the following processes.

Step S301: the base station sends a synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment; Step S302: a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two correlated user beams is received; Step S303: Each deviation between the user beam direction having the maximum energy and the user beam direction is determined based on the preamble sequence, and the deviation between the base station beam direction having the maximum energy and the base station beam direction is determined by polling do; Step S304: Base station beams are adjusted according to each deviation of the base station beam direction having the maximum energy and the base station beam direction; Step S305: the random access response and indication information indicating the deviation of the direction of the user beam having the maximum energy and the direction of the user beam are transmitted to the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams; Using the adjusted base station beams, data transmission and reception are performed with the user equipment whose user beams are adjusted based on the indication information.

Preferably, the step S302 includes, in particular: receiving a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two user beams in a differential beam transmission scheme.

Preferably, the process S302 includes a process S3021 (not shown) and a process S3022 (not shown). In step S3021, the base station device receives the initial access data transmitted by the user device in a differential beam transmission scheme. In step S3022, the base station sequence correlation detection may be performed on the initial access data to determine a preamble sequence included in the initial access data and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence.

Here, the preamble sequence is transmitted by the user equipment in different orthogonal time-domain resources, different orthogonal frequency resources, or the same time-frequency resources having different orthogonal codewords in a differential beam transmission scheme.

In particular, the preamble sequence is transmitted by the user equipment on one or more antenna arrays on different orthogonal time-domain resources in a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively; Alternatively, the preamble sequence is transmitted by the user equipment on a plurality of antenna arrays in the same time-frequency resources having different orthogonal frequency resources or orthogonal codewords in a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively.

Preferably, in step S303, a user beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user beam direction are determined based on a result of the preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data. This case is a processing method when the antenna arrays of the user equipment are antenna reciprocal, that is, when the transmit beam direction and the receive beam direction of the user equipment are the same.

Preferably, in step S303, based on a result of the preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data, a user transmission beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user transmission beam direction are determined; Then, in step S305, the random access response and the direction of the user transmission beam having the maximum energy and the deviation of the direction of the user transmission beam are transmitted to the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams. This case is a processing method when the antenna arrays of the user equipment are not antenna reciprocal, that is, when the transmit beam direction and the receive beam direction of the user equipment are different.

Preferably, in step S306, the base station receives message 3 transmitted by the user equipment whose user beams have been adjusted based on the indication information and a collision resolution scheme transmitted using the adjusted base station beams.

Corresponding to FIG. 24, FIG. 25 is a schematic flowchart of a method for initial access and random access based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams in a user equipment according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Step S401: the user equipment receives, in at least two correlated user beams, the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus; Step S402: synchronization signal sequence correlation detection is performed on the initial access data, and each deviation of a user beam direction having a maximum energy and a direction of the user beam is determined according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection; Step S403: the user beams are adjusted according to the deviation between the direction of the user beam having the maximum energy and the direction of the user beam; Step S404: A preamble sequence is transmitted to the base station device; Step S405: Data transmission is performed with the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams.

Preferably, the step S401 includes, in particular: the user equipment receiving, in at least two user beams, the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in a differential beam reception manner.

Preferably, the user equipment receives initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in a differential beam reception scheme in different orthogonal time-domain resources, different orthogonal frequency resources or the same time-frequency resources having different orthogonal codewords. receive

In particular, the user equipment receives initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in a differential beam reception manner at one or more antenna arrays in different orthogonal time-domain resources; Alternatively, the user equipment receives the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in a differential beam reception scheme at a plurality of antenna arrays in different orthogonal frequency resources or the same time-frequency resources having different orthogonal codewords.

Preferably, after step S401 of receiving the initial access data transmitted from the base station apparatus, the method includes steps S406 (not shown) and S407 (not shown). In step S406, the random access configuration information transmitted by the base station apparatus is received, and the random access configuration information includes preamble sequences from the base station beam direction and their respective deviations and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences. a mapping relationship to preamble sequences, or a mapping relationship from a base station beam direction to preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences. In step S407, a corresponding preamble sequence is determined based on the random access configuration information together with the BS transmission beam direction determined by polling and each deviation of the BS transmission beam direction.

Preferably, in step S404, the preamble sequence is transmitted to the base station apparatus using a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence.

Preferably, the process S402 includes a process S4021 (not shown), a process S4022 (not shown), and a process S4023 (not shown). In step S4021, synchronization signal sequence correlation detection may be performed on the initial access data received with the sum beam to determine a third result of correlation detection for an arbitrary synchronization signal sequence. In step S4022, the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection may be performed on the initial access data received with the differential beam to determine a fourth result of the correlation detection for the synchronization signal sequence. In step S4023, when it is determined that the third result of the correlation detection and/or the fourth result of the correlation detection satisfy the second determination condition, it is determined that the initial access data includes the synchronization signal sequence.

Here, the second determining condition includes at least one of:

when the third result of the correlation detection exceeds a fifth detection threshold and the fourth result of the correlation detection exceeds the fifth detection threshold;

when the third result of the correlation detection exceeds a sixth detection threshold;

When the fourth result of the correlation detection exceeds the sixth threshold,

Here, the third detection threshold is not greater than the fourth detection threshold.

Preferably, the step S402 includes a step S4024 (not shown). In step S4024, based on the third result of the correlation detection and the fourth result of the correlation detection, a user beam direction having a maximum energy and an angle deviation of the user beam direction are determined.

Preferably, in step S404, a preamble sequence is transmitted to the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams; In step S405, the random access response transmitted by the base station apparatus is received using the adjusted user beams, and a message 3 is transmitted to the base station apparatus using the adjusted user beams, and by the base station apparatus A transmitted collision resolution scheme is received using the coordinated user beams.

Preferably, in step S402, the user receive beam direction having the maximum energy and each deviation of the user receive beam direction are determined according to the result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection; In step S403, the user receive beams are adjusted according to the deviation of the direction of the user receive beam having the maximum energy and the direction of the user receive beam. This case is a processing method when the antenna arrays of the user equipment are not antenna reciprocal, that is, when the transmit beam direction and the receive beam direction of the user equipment are different.

Preferably, the method further comprises step S408 (not shown). In step S408, when the indication information indicating the direction of the user beam having the maximum energy transmitted by the base station apparatus and the angular deviation of the user beam direction is received, the user transmission beams are adjusted based on the indication information.

Preferably, when the user equipment receives the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in the differential beam transmission method in the differential beam reception method, the base station transmission beam direction deviation detection is the initial access data transmitted in the differential beam transmission method It is performed with respect to the base station transmit beam direction having the maximum energy and each deviation of the base station transmit beam direction can be determined.

Preferably, the method further comprises step S409 (not shown). In the step S409, the received random access configuration, transmitted by the base station apparatus together with each deviation of the base station transmit beam direction and the base station transmit beam direction having the maximum energy, determined by detecting the deviation of the base station transmit beam direction Based on the information, a corresponding preamble sequence is determined.

Example 3:

In this embodiment, a random access process based on differential beams will be described along with specific system parameter settings. The system setting is similar to the first embodiment. Both the base station and the user equipment adopt a transmission structure based on an antenna array. This embodiment will describe the flow of initial access and random access processes in which the user equipment adopts a differential transmission scheme and the base station adopts a conventional polling scheme when the base station side and the user equipment side are not directionally reciprocal . when the number of antenna ports of the user is 2, one port is used for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, whereas the other port is used for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences; When the number of antenna ports of the user is greater than or equal to 3, the antenna ports may be arbitrarily classified into two parts, one part for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, while the other one The part is for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences.

This embodiment will describe a random access process using a differential scheme when the user equipment is equipped with many antennas. The system configuration is similar to the third embodiment. each of the base station and the user equipment is provided with a transmission structure based on an antenna array; The user equipment may use a differential transmission scheme to complete the random access process.

When the antenna array provided for the user equipment is composed of many antenna array elements, the user equipment can generate beams having a smaller width. In this case, in order to ensure the beam coverage, a plurality of beams in different directions need to be used successively, as shown in FIG. 15 . In Fig. 15, two overlapping beams represent a pair of sum/differential beams in the same direction, and the user equipment realizes spatial coverage using six pairs of sum/differential beams.

In a first process, the base station transmits the same or different synchronization signal sequences using transmit beams in different directions. When transmitting the same synchronization signal sequences, the sequence is randomly selected from the set of synchronization signal sequences, and then transmitted in each beam direction; When transmitting different synchronization signal sequences, the set of synchronization signal sequences is divided into a plurality of mutually small subsets, one synchronization signal sequence is selected from each subset, and then transmitted in each beam direction.

As an example, if the base station transmits sync signal sequences using beams in three different directions, the useful set of sync signal sequences Φ is three different sub-sets Φ ₁ , Φ ₂ , Φ ₃ Subsets of n satisfy the following conditions:

when the base station transmits a preamble sequence using beams in a first direction, the preamble sequence is randomly selected from the subset Φ ₁ ; when the base station transmits a preamble sequence using beams in the second direction, the preamble sequence is randomly selected from the subset Φ ₂ ; When the base station transmits a preamble sequence using beams in the third direction, the preamble sequence is randomly selected from the subset Φ ₃ .

The user equipment performs detection using two arrays, where one array uses a conventional beam weight coefficient as a weight coefficient of a receive beam. As an example, the following beam weight coefficients are used:

는 상기 사용자 장치의 수신 어레이에서 사용되는 안테나들의 개수이고, θ는 상기 합 빔의 중심 방향이다. 도시되어 있는 바와 같이, 상기의 합 빔 웨이트 계수는 상기 어레이들 중 1개에 대한 웨이트 계수로서 사용된다. 다른 1개의 어레이는 동일한 방향을 합 빔으로 가지고, 상기 합 빔과 상관되는 빔을 웨이트 계수로서 사용한다. 바람직한 방식은 다음과 같이 상기 합 빔의 차동 빔을 사용하는 것이다:here,

is the number of antennas used in the receiving array of the user equipment, and θ is the center direction of the sum beam. As shown, the sum beam weight coefficient is used as the weight coefficient for one of the arrays. The other array has the same direction as the sum beam, and uses a beam correlated with the sum beam as a weight coefficient. A preferred way is to use the differential beam of the sum beam as follows:

는 상기 웨이트 계수로서 차동 빔을 사용하는 수신 어레이에서 사용되는 안테나들의 개수이다. 2개의 어레이들에 포함되어 있는 안테나들의 개수는 동일하거나 다를 수 있지만, 이 실시예에서는

라고 가정하기로 한다. 즉, 2개의 어레이들에서 사용되는 안테나들의 개수는 동일하고, 여기서 N_UE는 상기 사용자 장치의 안테나 어레이에 포함되어 있는 안테나들의 전체 개수이다. 상기 전체 어레이에 포함되는 안테나들의 개수 N_UE를 조정함으로써, 상기 빔들의 폭이 조정될 수 있고, 따라서 상기 빔들의 커버리지가 조정된다.here,

is the number of antennas used in a receiving array using a differential beam as the weight coefficient. The number of antennas included in the two arrays may be the same or different, but in this embodiment

to assume that That is, the number of antennas used in the two arrays is the same, where N _UE is the total number of antennas included in the antenna array of the user equipment. By adjusting the number N _UE of antennas included in the entire array, the width of the beams can be adjusted, and thus the coverage of the beams is adjusted.

이고, 상기 동일한 시점에서 상기 차동 빔 어레이의 상관 검출 모듈에 의해 출력되는, 상기 동일한 동기 신호 시퀀스에 대한 상관 검출의 결과가

라고 가정할 경우, 상기 결정 근거는 다음과 같다:

이고

, 혹은

, 혹은

일 경우, 이 동기 신호 시퀀스가 검출된다고 결정되고; 그렇지 않을 경우, 이 동기 신호 시퀀스가 검출되지 않는다고 결정된다. 여기서,

와

는 각각 제5 검출 임계값 및 제5 검출 임계값이고,

의 조건을 만족한다. 상기 결정 근거는 다음과 같다: 도 2에 도시되어 있는 바와 같이, 상기 합 빔의 에너지 분포와 상기 차동 빔의 에너지 분포는 서로 상보적(complementary)이다. 즉, 상기 합 빔의 수신 에너지가 최대일 때, 상기 차동 빔의 수신 에너지는 영(0)이지만; 상기 합 빔의 수신 에너지가 영일 때, 상기 차동 빔의 수신 에너지는 최대이다. 상기 두 가지 상황들은 각각 상기 빔 방향이 상기 기지국에 맞춰지는 경우 및 상기 차동 빔의 피크(peak) 방향이 상기 기지국에 맞춰지는 경우에 상응한다. 이 경우, 상기 차동 빔 및 합 빔에 대해서, 보다 큰 임계값이 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스가 검출되는지 여부를 결정하기 위한 근거로서 사용되어야만 한다. 그렇지 않을 경우, 보다 작은 임계값이 상기 2개의 어레이들로부터의 검출 결과들을 결정하기 위해 사용되어야만 한다. 상기 제5 검출 임계값

및 상기 제6 검출 임계값

은 상기 셀 반경, 상기 동기 신호 시퀀스의 송신 동안 상기 사용자 장치 및 기지국에 의한 빔포밍을 위해 사용되는 안테나들의 개수, 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스의 길이와 같은 요소들에 의해 결정된다.16 illustrates a flow in which the user equipment processes the received signal. The sum beam array and the differential beam array perform correlation detection on the received synchronization signal sequence, and the synchronization signal sequence detection and determination module comprehensively considers the result of correlation detection from the two arrays, the synchronization signal sequence Determines whether or not is detected. A preferred decision method is as follows: A comprehensive decision is made according to a correlation factor obtained from the results of correlation detection from the sum beam array and the differential beam array. For example, the correlation detection result for a specific sync signal sequence output by the correlation detection module of the sum beam array at a specific time point is

and the result of correlation detection for the same synchronization signal sequence output by the correlation detection module of the differential beam array at the same time point is

Assuming that , the basis for the decision is as follows:

ego

, or

, or

, it is determined that this synchronization signal sequence is detected; Otherwise, it is determined that this sync signal sequence is not detected. here,

Wow

are a fifth detection threshold and a fifth detection threshold, respectively,

satisfy the condition of The basis for the determination is as follows: As shown in FIG. 2 , the energy distribution of the sum beam and the energy distribution of the differential beam are complementary to each other. That is, when the received energy of the sum beam is maximum, the received energy of the differential beam is zero; When the received energy of the sum beam is zero, the received energy of the differential beam is maximum. The two situations correspond to the case where the beam direction is aligned with the base station and the case where the peak direction of the differential beam is aligned with the base station, respectively. In this case, for the differential beam and the sum beam, a larger threshold should be used as a basis for determining whether the preamble sequence is detected. Otherwise, a smaller threshold must be used to determine detection results from the two arrays. the fifth detection threshold

and the sixth detection threshold.

is determined by factors such as the cell radius, the number of antennas used for beamforming by the user equipment and the base station during transmission of the synchronization signal sequence, and the length of the preamble sequence.

When the result output from the correlation detection module indicates that the synchronization signal sequence is not detected, the following processes will not be executed; When the correlation detection module detects one or more synchronization signal sequences, beam direction deviation detection is performed on each of the detected synchronization signal sequences, that is, the deviation between the reception direction and the array beam direction is determined from the sum beam array. is obtained according to the result of correlation detection and the result of correlation detection from the differential beam array. In particular, according to the above descriptions of the differential beam method, a lookup table between the beam direction angular deviations corresponding to the ratio between the received signals of the differential beam and the received signals of the sum beam can be generated, , each deviation is determined according to the ratio of signals actually received by the two arrays. This angular deviation will be used to correct the receive beam direction in the following procedures. In addition, the user equipment may also determine the optimal transmit beam direction of the base station.

Then, the base station transmits the random access configuration information to the user equipment through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration. When compared with the conventional random access configuration information, the random access channel configuration information and the preamble sequence configuration information, as well as the random access configuration information, from the base station transmission beam direction to the preamble sequences and resources will additionally include a mapping relationship. .

In the second process, based on the detected optimal base station transmit beam direction and a mapping relationship from the base station transmit beam direction to preamble sequences and resources, the user equipment uses the corresponding preamble sequences and resources. It should be noted that the same optimal base station transmit beam direction and its respective deviation may correspond to multiple preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences. The user equipment transmits the preamble sequence in a differential manner. Especially:

1. The preamble sequence is divided into two parts, where the first part is transmitted by the sum beam and the second part is transmitted by the differential beam. 17 shows a random access channel using this structure.

It should be noted that in the structure of FIG. 17, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence belong to the same preamble sequence. However, the first half part of the sum beam sequence, that is, the preamble sequence of FIG. 17, is transmitted as the sum beam, and the beamforming weight coefficients are as follows:

는 상기 빔포밍의 방향을 나타낸다. 도 18에서 뒤의 1/2의 파트, 즉 차동 시퀀스는 차동 빔에 의해 송신되고, 빔포밍 웨이트 계수는 다음과 같다:Here, N _UE represents the number of antennas used for beamforming by the user,

denotes the direction of the beamforming. In Fig. 18, the latter half, that is, the differential sequence is transmitted by a differential beam, and the beamforming weight coefficients are as follows:

The preamble sequence detection method is correlation detection, and in the correlation detection, a result of the correlation detection performed on the sum beam sequence may be used as a received signal of the sum beam, and the result of the correlation detection performed on the differential sequence is the It can be used as the received energy of the differential beam. A flow in which the UE detects a preamble sequence and a beam transmission detection deviation using this preamble sequence transmission scheme is shown in FIG. 18 .

이고, 상기 차동 빔 시퀀스 파트 및 동일한 프리앰블 시퀀스에 대해 수행되는 상관 검출의 결과가

라고 가정될 경우, 이 프리앰블 시퀀스는 다음과 같은 조건들 a.

; b.

; c.

중 하나가 만족될 때 검출된다고 고려된다. 여기서,

및

은 각각 제7 검출 임계값 및 제8 검출 임계값이고,

의 조건을 만족한다. 상기 제7 검출 임계값

및 제8 검출 임계값

은 상기 셀 반경, 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스의 송신 동안 상기 사용자 장치 및 기지국에 의한 빔포밍을 위해 사용되는 안테나들의 개수, 상기 프리앰블 시퀀스의 길이와 같은 요소들에 의해 결정된다.18 , the base station performs correlation detection on the received signal, and outputs a result of correlation detection performed in the sum beam sequence and a result of correlation detection performed in the differential beam sequence in each preamble sequence, respectively. . Since the sum beam and the differential beam have different beam characteristics even though they are the same in the beam direction, the results of the detection cannot be determined by a single threshold value. A preferred method for determining is as follows: the result of correlation detection performed on the sum beam sequence part and the specific preamble sequence is

and the result of correlation detection performed on the differential beam sequence part and the same preamble sequence is

, this preamble sequence is subject to the following conditions: a.

; b.

; c.

It is considered to be detected when one of them is satisfied. here,

and

are the seventh detection threshold and the eighth detection threshold, respectively,

satisfy the condition of the seventh detection threshold

and an eighth detection threshold

is determined by factors such as the cell radius, the number of antennas used for beamforming by the user equipment and the base station during transmission of the preamble sequence, and the length of the preamble sequence.

When a specific preamble sequence is detected, the corresponding results of correlation detection performed on the preamble sequence are used as sum beam energy and differential beam energy, and the energy ratio is calculated, so that the deviation of the user equipment transmission beam direction is the principle of the differential beam method. can be obtained according to

2. The same preamble sequences are transmitted on different resources. In one example, the same preamble sequences are transmitted on two consecutive random access sub-channels. Here, the first random access sub-channel performs transmission by the sum beam, and the second random access sub-channel performs transmission by the differential beam. 19 shows the structure of a random access channel in this way.

19 , a first random access sub-channel performs transmission by a sum beam, and a second random access sub-channel performs transmission by a differential beam. In this way, the flowchart for detecting the preamble sequence of FIG. 19 can still be used. That is, the preamble sequence is detected first, and when transmission of the preamble sequence is detected, each deviation of the transmission beam is additionally detected.

3. The same or different preamble sequences are transmitted to different antenna arrays. In one example, the same preamble sequences are transmitted to the two antenna arrays. Here, the first antenna array performs transmission by the sum beam, and the second antenna array performs transmission by the differential beam.

In this way, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence can be transmitted on the same frequency resources each having orthogonal codewords, or the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence having orthogonal codewords or non-orthogonal codewords, respectively. It may be transmitted on different frequency resources.

In this way, the flowchart of detecting the preamble sequence of FIG. 19 can still be used. That is, the preamble sequence is detected first, and when transmission of the preamble sequence is detected, each deviation of the transmission beam is additionally detected. Preamble sequences transmitted by beam pairs in different directions may be the same or may be different. When transmitting the same preamble sequences, the user equipment randomly selects a preamble sequence from the corresponding preamble sequence resource flow, and then transmits the preamble sequence; When transmitting different preamble sequences in different beam directions, the useful preamble sequence resource pool is divided into a plurality of different small resource pool subsets, and each beam direction corresponds to one resource pool subset. When a user transmits preamble sequences, the user randomly selects one preamble sequence from each resource pool subset, and then transmits the preamble sequences to corresponding beam pairs.

The base station detects an optimal receive beam direction for the base station and a corresponding preamble sequence, as well as an optimal transmit beam direction and each deviation thereof of the user equipment by polling. Based on the detected preamble sequences and resources, and based on a mapping relationship from the preamble sequences and resources to the base station transmit beam direction, the base station may determine an optimal transmit beam direction.

In the third process, the base station needs to transmit RAR. In addition to random access preamble sequence identifier, timing advance command, C-RNTI, time-frequency resources allocated for the UE to next perform uplink transmission, which should be included in the RAR by default, this RAR is It additionally includes the optimal user transmit beam direction and its angular deviation detected by the user equipment, so it is convenient for the user equipment to adjust the base station direction. The information on each deviation of the user beam direction may be transmitted using a lookup table. That is, each possible deviation is quantified, and then a corresponding lookup table is created. When detecting each deviation of the transmission beam, the base station quantifies each deviation, searches for a corresponding index from the lookup table, and transmits the index together with the RAR to the user equipment. The user equipment receives the RAR using the direction-steered narrower beams determined in the first process.

In particular, when the user equipment transmits the same preamble sequences using beams in different directions, the base station estimates the received energy to obtain a time slot having the highest received energy, and then within this time slot , estimates the deviation of the user's transmit beam direction, and transmits the quantified value of the time slot index and the deviation of the transmit beam direction to the user device through RAR. When receiving the RAR, the user equipment knows the optimal transmission beam direction according to the index of the type slot, and selects optimal narrow beams for the next signal transmission according to the respective deviation values.

When the user equipment transmits different preamble sequences using user beams in different directions, the base station obtains a preamble sequence having the highest energy by estimating the received energy, and the transmit beam direction corresponding to the preamble sequence Estimate each deviation of In this case, the base station needs to transmit a preamble sequence identifier (original field included in the RAR) and a quantified value of the deviation of the transmission beam direction through the RAR. When receiving the RAR, the user equipment knows the optimal transmission beam direction according to the preamble sequence identifier, and selects optimal narrow beams for the next signal transmission according to the respective deviation values.

In a fourth process, the user equipment adjusts the beam direction and transmits Msg3 using beams having a smaller width. In a fifth process, the user equipment receives the collision resolution scheme transmitted by the base station using the optimal beams determined in the first process, and thus the received signal-to-noise ratio is increased.

Compared with the conventional random access scheme based on the beam polling, the random access process using the differential beam transmission scheme on the user equipment side can shorten the time required to search for an optimal beam pair. This is because the angular deviation can be determined with higher accuracy with the differential beam method, the user equipment can receive the synchronization signal sequence and transmit the preamble sequence using wider beams, and the angle deviation information carried in the RAR can be used to adjust the beam direction, and signals can be received and transmitted using narrower beams in the following processes. Accordingly, the number of preamble sequence transmissions by polling at the user equipment side can be significantly reduced.

Example 4:

This embodiment is an initial access and random access process in which when the antenna arrays at both the base station side and the user equipment side are directional reciprocal, the base station side adopts the conventional polling method, and the user equipment adopts the differential beam method will explain The system configuration is similar to the third embodiment. Each of the base station and the user equipment is provided with an antenna array-based structure, the base station adopts a conventional polling scheme, and the user equipment adopts a differential transmission scheme. when the number of antenna ports of the user is 2, one port is used for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, whereas the other port is used for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences; When the number of antenna ports of the user is greater than or equal to 3, the antenna ports may be arbitrarily classified into two parts, one part for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, while the other one The part is for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences.

In a first process, the base station transmits a synchronization signal sequence, and the user equipment performs correlation detection on the received signal. The base station transmits the same or different synchronization signal sequences by using transmit beams in different directions. When transmitting the same synchronization signal sequences, the sequence is randomly selected from the set of synchronization signal sequences, and then transmitted in each beam direction; When transmitting different synchronization signal sequences, the set of synchronization signal sequences is divided into a plurality of mutually small subsets, one synchronization signal sequence is selected from each subset, and then transmitted in each beam direction.

The user equipment performs detection using two arrays having the same number of antennas, wherein one array uses a sum beam as the weight coefficient, while the other array uses a corresponding differential beam as the weight coefficient. used as a coefficient. By adjusting the number of antennas included in each array, the width of the beams can be adjusted, and thus the coverage of the beams is adjusted. 16 shows a flow of processing the received signal by the user equipment.

When the result output from the correlation detection module indicates that the synchronization signal sequence is not detected, the following processes will not be executed; When the correlation detection module detects one or more synchronization signal sequences, beam direction deviation detection is performed on each of the detected synchronization signal sequences, that is, the deviation between the reception direction and the array beam direction is determined from the sum beam array. is obtained according to the result of correlation detection and the result of correlation detection from the differential beam array. In particular, according to the above descriptions of the differential beam method, a lookup table between the beam direction angular deviations corresponding to the ratio between the received signals of the differential beam and the received signals of the sum beam can be generated, , each deviation is determined according to the ratio of signals actually received by the two arrays. This angular deviation will be used to correct the beam direction in the following procedures. In the following procedures, the user equipment transmits and receives signals using this directional beam. Then, the base station transmits the random access configuration information to the user through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration.

In the second process, the user equipment transmits a preamble sequence, and the base station performs correlation detection on the received signal. The user equipment selects one preamble sequence from the set of preamble sequences, and transmits the preamble sequence through the optimal beam having a smaller width obtained in the first process. The base station adopts the flow of detecting the preamble sequence of FIG. That is, the preamble sequence is detected first, and when transmission of the preamble sequence is detected, the beam direction is additionally detected. The base station determines the optimal base station receive beam direction by polling. In the following processes, the base station transmits and receives signals using this beam direction.

In the third, fourth, and fifth processes, the user equipment and the base station separately use the optimal narrower beams determined in the first and second processes to transmit and receive RAR, transmit and receive Msg3, and collide Realize the sending and receiving of the solution.

Compared with the conventional random access scheme based on the beam polling, the random access process using the differential beam transmission scheme on the user equipment side can shorten the time required to search for an optimal beam pair. This is because the angular deviation can be determined with higher accuracy with the differential beam method, the user equipment can use wider beams when receiving the synchronization signal sequence and transmitting the preamble sequence, and the angular deviation carried in the RAR The information can be used to adjust the beam direction, and signals can be received and transmitted using narrower beams in the following procedures. Accordingly, the number of preamble sequence transmissions by polling of the user equipment can be significantly reduced.

The methods in Embodiments 3 and 4 are applicable to a contention-based random access process, wherein the user equipment transmits the preamble sequence in a differential manner, the base station detects the preamble sequence, and estimates the deviation of the transmission beam direction It should be noted that the method of indicating the user through a random access response is applicable to a contention-free random access process. The only differences are: the user equipment uses the assigned preamble sequences based on different optimal transmit beam directions for the base station; After the user equipment receives information such as the random access response and the beam direction deviation in the third process, the random access process is terminated, but the user equipment continues to adjust the beam direction for the next communication with the base station. will be.

Example 5:

This embodiment will describe initial access and random access processes in which both the transmitter side and the receiver side adopt a differential beam transmission scheme when the base station apparatus and the user equipment are not directionally reciprocal. The system configuration is similar to the first embodiment. The user equipment and the base station adopt a transmission structure based on an antenna array. For the base station and the user, when the number of antenna ports is 2, one port is used for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, whereas the other port is used for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences; When the number of the antenna ports is greater than or equal to 3, the antenna ports may be arbitrarily classified into two parts, one part is for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, whereas the other 1 part is for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences. A part is for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences.

In a first process, the base station transmits a synchronization signal sequence, and the user equipment performs correlation detection on the received signal. The beam scanning period of the user equipment and the beam scanning period of the base station are considered in units of subframes, and a channel structure of the base station for transmitting the synchronization signal sequence is defined. For example, when the scanning period of the user equipment is N _U , the user equipment needs to scan N _U beam directions to realize coverage of the entire space; When the scanning period of the base station is _NB , the base station needs to realize coverage of the entire space by scanning _NB beam directions. In this case, as shown in FIG. 20, the base station needs to transmit the synchronization signal sequence N _B N _U times to complete the first differential beam polling. Compared with the conventional schemes, since both the receiver side and the transmitter side adopt a differential transmission scheme, both the scanning period of the base station apparatus and the scanning period of the user equipment can be reduced, so that wider beams are used Thus, the coverage can be realized. As a result, the time required for selecting beam pairs by the base station apparatus and the user equipment and the time required for transmitting the synchronization signal sequence are reduced. To increase the supported cell radius, the same sequences may be repeatedly transmitted with the same sync signal sequence.

The base station transmits the synchronization signal in a differential manner. The base station transmits synchronization signal sequences in the differential manner as described in Embodiment 1. That is, the synchronization signal sequence is equally divided into two parts, wherein the first part is transmitted with the sum beam and the second part is transmitted with the differential beam; or the same synchronization signal sequences are transmitted at two different antenna ports on orthogonal time-frequency resources with a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively; Alternatively, the same or different synchronization signal sequences are transmitted on two different antenna arrays with a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively. A sequence transmitted by the sum beam is referred to as a sum beam sequence, and a sequence transmitted by the differential beam is referred to as a differential beam sequence. In the method of transmitting the preamble sequence in two parts, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence may be the same sequence (that is, the same sequence is repeated to generate a synchronization signal sequence), or the synchronization signal sequence may include two divided into parts.

The user equipment performs reception using a differential scheme similar to the differential scheme in Embodiment 3, that is, using two antenna arrays. Here, the first antenna array adopts sum beam reception, and the second antenna array adopts differential beam reception. The user equipment first performs correlation detection on the synchronization signal sequence, determines a transmission/reception beam pair having the maximum reception energy when transmission of the synchronization signal sequence is detected, and determines the optimal base station transmission beam direction and its respective deviation In addition, the optimal user reception beam direction and its angular deviation are estimated. In the following processes, the user equipment receives signals using this receive beam direction.

When performing correlation detection on the synchronization signal sequence, the user equipment performs correlation detection on each of the sum beam reception array and the differential beam reception array, and then according to the results of the correlation detection, comprehensively the synchronization Determines whether transmission of a signal sequence is detected. After the transmission of the synchronization signal sequence is detected, a beam direction pair having a maximum value of the received energy of the sum beam receiving array and the received energy of the differential beam receiving array is selected and further processed. In order to determine the deviation of the receive beam direction, a ratio of the result of the correlation detection performed on the differential beam receive array to the result of the correlation detection performed on the sum beam receive array is calculated, and then the deviation of the receive beam direction is calculated. is determined according to the lookup table. To determine the deviation of the transmission beam direction, the differential sequence correlation detection values received by the sum beam reception array and the differential beam reception array and the sum sequence correlation detection values received by the sum beam reception array and the differential beam reception array are combined. The ratio is calculated, and then the deviation of the transmission beam direction is determined according to a lookup table.

Next, the base station transmits the random access configuration information to the user equipment through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration. When compared with the conventional random access configuration information, the random access channel configuration information and the preamble sequence configuration information, as well as the random access configuration information, from the base station transmission beam direction and each deviation thereof to the preamble sequences and resources mapping relationship, Alternatively, the mapping relationship from the base station transmission beam direction to preamble sequences and resources may be further included.

In the second process, based on the detected optimal base station transmit beam direction and its respective deviation, and also a mapping relation from the base station transmit beam direction and each deviation to preamble sequences and resources, or a preamble from the base station transmit beam direction Based on the mapping relationship to sequences and resources, the UE uses the corresponding preamble sequences and resources. It should be noted that the same optimal base station transmit beam direction and its respective deviation may correspond to multiple preamble sequences and time-frequency resources occupied by the preamble sequences. The user's beam scanning period and the base station's beam scanning period are considered in units of subframes, and a user's random access channel structure for transmitting preamble sequences is defined. For example, when the scanning period of the user equipment is N _U , the user equipment needs to scan the N _U beam directions to cover the entire space; When the scanning period of the base station is _NB , the base station needs to cover the entire space by scanning _NB beam directions. Accordingly, the user equipment needs to divide the random access channel into N _B N _U random access sub-channels, as shown in FIG. 21 . Compared with the conventional schemes, since both the receiver side and the transmitter side adopt a differential transmission scheme, both the scanning period of the base station and the scanning period of the user equipment can be reduced, thus using wider beams The above coverage can be realized. As a result, the time required for selecting beam pairs by the base station apparatus and the user equipment and the time required for transmitting the preamble sequence are reduced. To increase the supported cell radius, the same sequences may be repeatedly transmitted with the same preamble sequence.

The user equipment transmits preamble sequences in a differential manner in the third embodiment. That is, the preamble sequence is equally divided into two parts, wherein the first part is transmitted with the sum beam and the second part is transmitted with the differential beam; or the same preamble sequences are transmitted on two or more different antenna ports on orthogonal time-frequency resources with a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively; Alternatively, the same or different preamble sequences are transmitted on the two antenna arrays with a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively. A sequence transmitted by the sum beam is referred to as a sum beam sequence, and a sequence transmitted by the differential beam is referred to as a differential beam sequence. In the method of transmitting the preamble sequence in two parts, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence may be the same sequence (ie, the same sequence is repeated to generate the preamble sequence), or the preamble sequence is divided into two parts is divided into

The base station performs reception using a differential scheme similar to the differential scheme in Embodiment 1, that is, using two antenna arrays. Here, the first antenna array adopts sum beam reception, and the second antenna array adopts differential beam reception. The base station first performs correlation detection on the preamble sequence, and when transmission of the preamble sequence is detected, determines a transmit/receive beam pair having the maximum receive energy, and not only the optimal user transmit beam direction and its respective deviation, The optimal base station reception beam direction and its angular deviation are estimated. In addition, based on the detected preamble sequences and resources, and the mapping relationship from the preamble sequences and resources to the base station transmit beam direction and its respective deviation, the base station determines the optimal transmit beam direction and its respective deviation can decide

When performing correlation detection on the preamble sequence, the base station performs correlation detection on each of the sum beam reception array and the differential beam reception array, and then, according to the results of the correlation detection, comprehensively of the preamble sequence Determines whether a transmission is detected. After the transmission of the preamble sequence is detected, a beam direction having a maximum value of the reception energy of the sum beam reception array and the reception energy of the differential beam reception array is selected and further processed. In order to determine the deviation of the receive beam direction, a ratio of the result of the correlation detection performed on the differential beam receive array to the result of the correlation detection performed on the sum beam receive array is calculated, and then the deviation of the receive beam direction is calculated. is determined according to the lookup table. To determine the deviation of the transmission beam direction, the differential sequence correlation detection values received by the sum beam reception array and the differential beam reception array and the sum sequence correlation detection values received by the sum beam reception array and the differential beam reception array are combined. The ratio is calculated, and then the deviation of the transmission beam direction is determined according to a lookup table.

In a third process, the base station transmits a random access response by selecting beams having a smaller width according to the optimal transmission direction and each deviation determined in the second process. This random access response includes a preamble sequence identifier, a timing advance command determined by a delay estimate between the user equipment and the base station, a C-RNTI and a time-frequency allocated for the next time the UE performs uplink transmission. In addition to resources, it further includes an optimal transmit beam direction for the user equipment and a deviation of the transmit beam direction for the user equipment. Here, the transmission beam direction having the maximum reception energy is represented by a beam ID, and the deviation of the transmission beam direction is quantified and represented by a lookup table. By sending only the corresponding index, the user equipment reads the direction deviation from the lookup table using the index. The user equipment receives signals using beams having a smaller width in the optimal direction determined in the first step.

In a fourth process, according to the optimal transmission beam direction determined in the third process, the user equipment transmits Msg3 using beams having smaller beams. The base station receives the Msg3 using beams having a smaller width in the optimal direction determined in the second process.

In the fifth process, the base station transmits the collision resolution scheme using beams having a smaller width in the optimal beam direction determined in the second process. The user equipment receives the collision resolution method using narrower beams in the optimal direction determined in the first step, completes the random access process, and then waits for uplink resource allocation by the base station.

Compared with the conventional random access scheme based on beam polling, the initial access and random access schemes based on differential beams provided in this embodiment effectively reduce the time required to detect an optimal transmit/receive beam pair. can do it As a result, the delay of the initial access and random access processes is reduced, and thus the user experience is improved. In particular, when transmission and reception are realized by the optimal beam pair, beams having a width of 10° are required, and a uniform linear array composed of 16 antenna array elements can be used; And when reception and transmission are realized in a differential manner, a uniform linear array composed of eight antenna array elements is used, and the resolvable range thereof is 30°. Accordingly, compared with the conventional random access method based on beam polling, both the scanning period of the base station and the scanning period of the user can be reduced by 1/3. Accordingly, the time required for transmission of the synchronization signal sequence, transmission of the preamble sequence, and search for the optimal beam pair may be reduced by 1/9. In order to compensate for the shortcomings in terms of cell coverage, the preamble sequence needs to be repeatedly used in a differential beam scheme. For example, since the number of antennas is reduced by 1/2, the received energy is reduced by 1/4, and thus the preamble sequence needs to be repeatedly transmitted 4 times to compensate for the difference in energy. In this case, the time required for transmission of the synchronization signal sequence, transmission of the preamble sequence, and search of the optimal beam pair is still 4/9 compared to the conventional beam polling scheme, and thus the initial access and random access process Their efficiency is significantly improved.

In the random access scheme based on the differential beams provided in this embodiment, when a transmission collision occurs, a user equipment having a lower priority may trigger a more parley failure. For example, there are multiple user devices transmitting the same preamble sequence in the same reception scanning beam direction. Here, one user equipment has a higher transmit power due to a number of failed access attempts, whereas another user equipment has a lower transmit power due to a few attempts. In this case, the base station based on differential reception will detect the corresponding preamble sequence, but the estimated direction deviation is more directed towards the user equipment with higher power. When the difference in power becomes larger, the beam direction estimated by the differential beam reception scheme becomes closer to the direction of a user having higher power. By adjusting the beam direction and transmitting the random access response using narrower beams, the low power user's beamforming gain is lowered. As a result, the received energy is low, the performance of the low-power user in receiving the random access response is poor, or the low-power user is unable to receive the random access response. If the low power user receives the random response out of time, the transmit power will be increased to retransmit the preamble sequence and a new random access process will be initiated. In this case, high power users are less affected. From the above description, a random access process based on differential beams can resolve collisions faster and improve efficiency in collision resolution.

Example 6:

This embodiment will describe initial access and random access processes in which both the transmitter side and the receiver side adopt a differential beam transmission scheme when the antenna arrays of both the base station apparatus and the user equipment are not directional reciprocal. The system configuration is similar to the fifth embodiment. The user equipment and the base station equipment adopt a transmission structure based on an antenna array. For the base station and the user, when the number of antenna ports is 2, one port is used for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, whereas the other port is used for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences; When the number of the antenna ports is greater than or equal to 3, the antenna ports may be arbitrarily classified into two parts, one part is for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences, whereas the other 1 part is for transmitting and receiving sum beam sequences. A part is for transmitting and receiving differential beam sequences.

In a first process, the base station transmits a synchronization signal sequence, and the user equipment performs correlation detection on the received signal. The user's beam scanning period and the base station's beam scanning period are considered in units of subframes, and a channel structure of the base station for transmitting synchronization signal sequences is defined. The base station transmits synchronization signals in a differential manner. The base station transmits synchronization signal sequences in the differential manner as described in Embodiment 1. That is, the synchronization signal sequence is equally divided into two parts, wherein the first part is transmitted with the sum beam and the second part is transmitted with the differential beam; or the same synchronization signal sequences are transmitted at two different antenna ports on orthogonal time-frequency resources with a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively; Alternatively, the same or different synchronization signal sequences are transmitted on two different antenna arrays with a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively. A sequence transmitted by the sum beam is referred to as a sum beam sequence, and a sequence transmitted by the differential beam is referred to as a differential beam sequence. In the method of transmitting the preamble sequence in two parts, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence may be the same sequence (that is, the same sequence is repeated to generate a synchronization signal sequence), or the synchronization signal sequence may include two divided into parts.

The user equipment performs reception using a differential scheme similar to the differential scheme in Embodiment 3, that is, using two antenna arrays. Here, the first antenna array adopts sum beam reception, and the second antenna array adopts differential beam reception. The user performs correlation detection on the synchronization signal sequence, determines a transmission/reception beam pair having a maximum reception energy when transmission of the synchronization signal sequence is detected, and determines an optimal base station transmission beam direction and its angular deviation as well as , estimate the optimal user receive beam direction and its angular deviation. In the following procedures, the user equipment transmits and receives signals using this beam direction. When performing correlation detection on the synchronization signal sequence, the user performs correlation detection on each of the sum beam reception array and the differential beam reception array, and then according to the results of the correlation detection, comprehensively the synchronization signal Determines whether transmission of the sequence is detected. After the transmission of the synchronization signal sequence is detected, a beam direction pair having a maximum value of the received energy of the sum beam receiving array and the received energy of the differential beam receiving array is selected and further processed. In order to determine the deviation of the receive beam direction, a ratio of the result of the correlation detection performed on the differential beam receive array to the result of the correlation detection performed on the sum beam receive array is calculated, and then the deviation of the receive beam direction is calculated. is determined according to the lookup table.

Next, the base station transmits the random access configuration information to the user through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration.

In the second process, the user equipment randomly selects a preamble sequence from a set of preamble sequences, and transmits the preamble sequence using the optimal beams obtained in the first process. The base station performs reception using a differential scheme similar to that of Embodiment 1, that is, two antenna arrays. Here, the first antenna array adopts sum beam reception, and the second antenna array adopts differential beam reception. The base station performs correlation detection on the preamble sequence, determines a receive beam having the maximum receive energy when transmission of the preamble sequence is detected, and estimates an optimal base station receive beam direction and each deviation thereof. In the following procedures, the base station transmits and receives signals using this direction. When performing correlation detection on the preamble sequence, the base station performs correlation detection in a sum beam receiving array and a differential beam receiving array, respectively, and then according to the results of the correlation detection, comprehensively transmitting the preamble sequence Determines whether it is detected or not. After the transmission of the preamble sequence is detected, a beam direction pair having the maximum sum of the received energy of the sum beam receiving array and the received energy of the differential beam receiving array is selected, and then further processed. In order to determine the deviation of the receive beam direction, a ratio of the result of correlation detection performed in the differential beam receiving array to the result of correlation detection performed in the sum beam receiving array is calculated, and then the deviation of the receive beam direction is looked up It depends on the table.

In the third process, the fourth process and the fifth process, the user equipment and the base station apparatus separately transmit and receive RAR, transmit and receive Msg3 using the optimal narrower beams determined in the first process and the second process. Receiving, realizing the transmission and reception of the collision resolution method.

Compared with the conventional random access scheme based on beam polling, the initial access and random access schemes based on differential beams provided in this embodiment efficiently reduce the time required to detect an optimal transmit/receive beam pair. can be reduced As a result, the delay of the initial access and random access processes is reduced, and the user experience is improved. Additionally, in the random access scheme based on the differential beams provided in this embodiment, when a transmission collision occurs, a user equipment having a lower priority may trigger a more parley failure.

It should be noted that whether the user equipment and the base station equipment transmit and receive the preamble sequence using differential beams may be adjusted according to an actual scenario. Moreover, although the schemes provided in Embodiments 5 and 6 can be applied to the contention-based random access process, the schemes in the first process, the second process, and the third process can also be applied to the contention-free random access process. have. The only differences are: the user equipment uses the assigned preamble sequences based on different optimal transmit beam directions for the base station equipment; that the random access process is terminated after the user equipment receives the random access response and beam steering information from the base station apparatus, but the user equipment and the base station apparatus continue to adjust the beams according to the beam direction deviation for the next communication will be.

Example 7:

This embodiment will describe an initial access process in which both the transmitting side and the receiving side adopt a differential beam transmission scheme. The system configuration is similar to the first embodiment. Both the user equipment and the base station adopt a transmission structure based on an antenna array.

In a first process, the base station transmits a primary synchronization signal (PSS) sequence, and the user equipment performs correlation detection on the received signal. The user's beam scanning period and the base station's beam scanning period are considered in units of subframes, and a channel structure of the base station for transmitting the basic synchronization signal is defined. The base station transmits the basic synchronization signal in a differential manner. The base station performs transmission using the differential scheme as described in Embodiment 1. That is, the synchronization signal sequence is equally divided into two parts, wherein the first part is transmitted with the sum beam and the second part is transmitted with the differential beam; or the same synchronization signal sequences are transmitted at two different antenna ports on orthogonal time-frequency resources with a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively; Alternatively, the same or different synchronization signal sequences are transmitted on two different antenna arrays with a sum beam and a differential beam, respectively. A sequence transmitted by the sum beam is referred to as a sum beam sequence, and a sequence transmitted by the differential beam is referred to as a differential beam sequence. In the method of transmitting the preamble sequence in two parts, the sum beam sequence and the differential beam sequence may adopt the same sequence (ie, the same sequence is repeated to generate a synchronization signal sequence), or the synchronization signal sequence is 2 divided into parts.

The user equipment performs reception using a differential scheme similar to the differential scheme in Embodiment 3, that is, using two antenna arrays. Here, the first antenna array adopts sum beam reception, and the second antenna array adopts differential beam reception. The user first performs correlation detection on the synchronization signal sequence, determines a transmission/reception beam pair having a maximum reception energy when transmission of the basic synchronization signal sequence is detected, and determines an optimal base station transmission beam direction and its respective deviation In addition, the optimal user reception beam direction and its angular deviation are estimated. In the following steps, the user equipment receives signals using this beam direction.

In the second process, the base station apparatus polls using narrower beams, and other synchronization signals such as a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), an enhanced synchronization signal (ESS), etc. rather than the basic synchronization signal send them The user equipment receives these synchronization signals using the optimal narrower beams determined in the first step.

In the third process, the base station transmits random access configuration information to the user through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration. Now, the initial access process is complete.

26 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station apparatus for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

the first transmitting module 510 is configured to transmit the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment in the at least two correlated base station beams; the first receiving module 520 is configured to receive the preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two correlated base station beams; the first determining module 530 is configured to determine, based on the preamble sequence, the direction of the base station beam having the maximum energy and the deviation of the beam direction of the base station; the first adjusting module 540 is configured to adjust the base station beams according to the deviation of the base station beam direction and the base station beam direction having the maximum energy; The first transceiver module 550 is configured to perform data transmission and reception with the user equipment using the adjusted base station beams.

27 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment for initial access and random access based on multiple antenna ports and multiple beams according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

the second transmitting module 610 is configured to receive the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in the at least two correlated base station beams; The second determining module 620 performs synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and according to the result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, each deviation between the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the beam direction of the base station is configured to determine; the third determining module 630 is configured to determine a corresponding preamble sequence and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence according to each deviation of the base station beam direction and the base station beam direction having the determined maximum energy; a third transmitting module 640 is configured to transmit the preamble sequence to the base station apparatus; The second transceiver module 650 is configured to perform data transmission with the base station apparatus using the adjusted base station beams.

28 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station apparatus for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams according to another specific embodiment of the present invention.

the fourth transmitting module 710 is configured to transmit the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment; the second receiving module 720 is configured to receive the preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in at least two correlated user beams; A fourth determining module 730 determines each deviation between the user beam direction having the maximum energy and the user beam direction based on the preamble sequence, and polling the base station beam direction having the maximum energy, the base station beam configured to determine an angular deviation in direction; the second adjustment module 740 is configured to adjust the base station beams according to each deviation of the base station beam direction and the base station beam direction having the maximum energy; A fifth transmitting module 750 is configured to transmit, to the user equipment, a random access response and indication information indicating an angle deviation of a direction of a user beam having the maximum energy and a direction of the user beam by using the adjusted base station beams, ; The third transceiver module 760 is configured to perform data transmission and reception with the user equipment for which the user beams are adjusted based on the indication information, using the adjusted base station beams.

29 is a schematic structural diagram of a user equipment for initial access and random access based on a plurality of antenna ports and a plurality of beams according to another specific embodiment of the present invention.

the sixth transmitting module 810 is configured to receive the initial access data transmitted by the base station apparatus in the at least two correlated user beams; A fifth determining module 820 performs synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and according to the result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection, each deviation between the direction of the user beam having the maximum energy and the direction of the user beam is configured to determine; the third adjusting module 830 is configured to adjust the user beams according to the deviation of the direction of the user beam having the maximum energy and the direction of the user beam; a sixth transmitting module 840 is configured to transmit a preamble sequence to the base station apparatus; The fourth transceiver module 850 is configured to perform data transmission with the base station apparatus using the steered user beams.

It can be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes in the above embodiment methods may be implemented by instructing related hardware with programs. The programs may be stored in a computer readable storage medium and, when executed, may include one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

The descriptions above are merely some implementations of the present invention. It should be noted that various improvements and modifications can be made to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications will be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

A method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system, comprising:
transmitting a synchronization signal sequence to a user equipment through at least two base station beams using a differential beam transmission method;
receiving a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment through the at least two base station beams in a differential beam reception scheme;
determining each deviation between a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of a base station having the maximum energy based on the received preamble sequence;
adjusting the at least two base station beams based on the direction of the base station beam having the maximum energy and the angle deviation;
and performing data transmission and reception with the user equipment using the at least two coordinated base station beams.
delete According to claim 1,
After transmitting the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment via the at least two base station beams:
The method further includes transmitting random access configuration information to the user device through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, a downlink broadcast channel, or a higher layer signaling configuration,
The random access configuration information includes a mapping relationship from each deviation of the base station transmit beam direction and the base station transmit beam direction to preamble sequences and resources, or a mapping relationship from the base station transmit beam direction to preamble sequences and resources. A method characterized by According to claim 1,
Transmitting the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment through the at least two base station beams includes:
Transmitting a first component data sequence through a sum beam through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, or a downlink broadcast channel, and transmitting a second component data sequence through a differential beam process, wherein the synchronization signal sequence includes the first component data sequence and the second component data sequence, or the synchronization signal sequence is the same as the first component data sequence and the second component data sequence. How to. According to claim 1,
Transmitting the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment via the at least two correlated base station beams includes:
and transmitting the synchronization signal sequence through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, or a downlink broadcast channel in a sum beam and a differential beam in predetermined time-frequency resources. . According to claim 1,
Transmitting the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment through the at least two base station beams includes:
In two different antenna arrays, the same or different synchronization signal sequences are transmitted in a sum beam and a differential beam through a downlink control channel, a downlink shared channel, or a downlink broadcast channel. Way.
According to claim 1,
Receiving the preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment in the differential beam reception scheme through the at least two base station beams includes:
receiving initial access data transmitted by the user equipment in a differential beam reception method in the at least two base station beams;
and determining a preamble sequence included in the initial access data and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence by performing preamble sequence correlation detection on the initial access data.
8. The method of claim 7,
The process of determining the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the angle deviation based on the received preamble sequence includes:
determining a receive beam direction of a base station having the maximum energy and each deviation based on a result of preamble sequence correlation detection performed on the initial access data;
and determining, based on the preamble sequence, a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence, random access configuration information, a transmission beam direction of a base station having the maximum energy, and each deviation.
A method performed by a user device in a wireless communication system, comprising:
Receiving the initial access data transmitted by the base station through at least two base station beams in a differential beam reception method;
performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and determining each deviation between the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy according to the result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection; ;
determining a corresponding preamble sequence and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence based on the determined beam direction of the base station having the maximum energy and the deviation;
transmitting the preamble sequence to the base station using a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence in a differential beam transmission scheme;
and performing data transmission with the base station through at least two base station beams adjusted by the base station based on the preamble sequence.
delete delete In a base station in a wireless communication system,
a first transmission module, configured to transmit the synchronization signal sequence to the user equipment through the at least two base station beams in a differential beam transmission scheme;
a first receiving module, configured to receive a preamble sequence transmitted by the user equipment through at least two base station beams in a differential beam reception manner;
a first determining module, configured to determine, based on the received preamble sequence, an angle deviation of a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of a base station having the maximum energy;
a first adjustment module, configured to adjust the at least two base station beams based on the angle deviation and the direction of the base station beam having the maximum energy;
and a first transceiver module configured to perform data transmission and reception with the user equipment using the at least two steered base station beams.
In a user device in a wireless communication system,
a first transmitting module, configured to receive initial access data transmitted by the base station through at least two base station beams in a differential beam receiving manner;
and performing synchronization signal sequence correlation detection on the initial access data, and determining each deviation between a beam direction of a base station having a maximum energy and a beam direction of a base station having the maximum energy according to a result of the synchronization signal sequence correlation detection a first determining module;
a second determining module, configured to determine a corresponding preamble sequence and a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence, based on the determined maximum energy base station beam direction and the respective deviation;
a second transmitting module, configured to transmit the preamble sequence to the base station using a time-frequency resource occupied by the preamble sequence in a differential beam transmission scheme;
and a first transceiver module, configured to perform data transmission with the base station through at least two base station beams adjusted by the base station based on the preamble sequence.
delete delete

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