JPH1132568A - Greening in arid land/desert land - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for greening capable of preventing sand or soil from scattering and of promoting plant growth through taking a bit more work on the conventional work for returning scattered sand, etc. SOLUTION: For an arid land/desert land where soil or sand is libable to scatter such as sandhill, sandy ground or arid land with little rain, collected soil or sand 11 is incorporated with a binder 12 consisting of cement or a water- soluble high-molecular resin and a culture soil material 13 such as a water- holding material or fertilizer-holding material followed by mixing the resultant mixture with water, and the final mixture is sprayed on the above land to form a soil- or sand-centered aggregate structure on the surface of the above land to effect soil modification of the land, thereby promoting plant growth while preventing soil or sand from scattering.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a revegetation method in an arid or desert area, and more particularly to a revegetation method employing a spraying method for protecting an arid or desert area where soil or sand is easily scattered. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Taking a beach area where a lot of sand is present as an arid or desert area as an example, as shown in FIG. 8, usually, as shown in FIG. Windbreak forest is formed. It is difficult to completely prevent the scattering of sand in this conventionally formed windbreak forest,
The sand scattered on the windbreak forest and the road in front of it was collected using human and mechanical power and returned to the sandy beach. This work of returning sand is not only a matter of spending a lot of cost and labor, but also
Since the flying sand is simply returned to the original position, it is undeniable that the flying sand phenomenon occurs again.

It has long been known that it is effective to apply vegetation typified by a windbreak forest to the entire beach area in order to eliminate the flying sand phenomenon. However, vegetation of the entire beach area involves the use of living vegetation, and the phenomenon of flying sand occurs on a daily basis and burys it in the sand before the plants grow. So it's not that easy. For this reason, the vegetation in the beach area has not been actively promoted to date, and only the returning of the flying sand to the original position has been performed as described above. The same applies to other arid and desert areas.

Therefore, the present inventors have conducted various studies on how to make an effective revegetation method in the above-mentioned dry land and desert land. When returning to the original state, by performing a specific construction, at least while the vegetation plants are sufficiently grown, to prevent the occurrence of movement phenomenon such as flying sand from the surface of dry land / desert land, The present inventors have newly found that the effective use of dead trees or the like scattered or existing in the arid and desert areas brings good results, and completed the present invention.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and the problem to be solved is that at least vegetation vegetation reduces the wind-induced sand phenomena in arid or desert areas. It is necessary to keep vegetation in arid and desert areas by keeping them until they grow sufficiently.

That is, an object of the first aspect of the present invention is to prevent scattering of sand or soil by slightly modifying the operation of returning the flying sand or the like to the original position, which has been conventionally performed. To provide a greening method capable of promoting plant growth.

The object of the invention according to claim 2 is to add the step of forming an uneven portion to the invention of claim 1, thereby achieving the object of the invention of claim 1 and vegetation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a revegetation method that can further improve the growth environment of plants and sufficiently exhibit vegetation effects.

An object of the invention according to claim 3 is to add a step of forming a mulching layer on the surface of the invention according to claim 1 or 2, whereby Another object of the present invention is to provide a greening method that can achieve the same object as the invention of the second aspect and can further promote the growth of vegetation plants.

The object of the invention according to claim 4 is to provide a method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 above, wherein the surface is formed on a surface of an arid or desert land with improved soil, or formed on this surface. An object of the present invention is to provide a greening method capable of further promoting the growth of vegetation plants by forming holes in the mulching layer and filling the holes with flocs.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, first, the means adopted in the invention according to claim 1 is that "the soil or sand of sand dunes, sandy ground, light rainy dry land, etc. is easily scattered. Soil or sand collected in dry or desert areas
In addition, by adding and mixing a cement 12 or a culture soil material 13 such as a water retention material or a fertilizer, and a binder 12 made of a water-soluble polymer resin or the like, and mixing and spraying these with water, Forming an aggregate structure centered on the soil or sand on the surface of arid or desert land to improve the soil of arid or desert land, thereby promoting the growth of plants while preventing the scattering of soil or sand A method for revegetation in arid and desert areas characterized by the following:

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, soil or sand 11 scattered around a windbreak forest, a road and its surroundings as shown in FIG. 8 is collected by a method similar to the conventional method. When the soil or sand 11 is returned to its original position, the binder 12 and water are added to the soil or sand 11, and then the soil or sand 11 is sprayed together with the cultivation soil material to return the soil or sand to an arid or desert ground.

According to the above-mentioned revegetation method, soil or sand 11 is formed on the surface of desert land with a large number of aggregated structures formed by binding the binder 12 to improve the soil. Thus, due to the presence of the aggregate structure, the soil or sand 11 is not scattered by natural wind. If the soil or sand 11 on the surface of the arid or desert land is not scattered, plants growing there and culture soil material 1
Germination and growth of the plant seeds mixed in 3rd grade are sufficient. This is because the surface of the dry land / desert land on which the revegetation method of the present invention has been applied is free from the formation of the aggregated structure of the soil or the sand 11 and the scattering of the soil or sand 11 at least until the vegetation plants grow to some extent. However, the surface of the dry land / desert land is stabilized without being changed by the wind, and the growth of the plant is not hindered by the aggregate structure. The ground surface can be sufficiently covered.

If the vegetation grows to a certain extent, the surface of the arid or desert area is solidified by the vegetation and its roots, and the wind does not directly hit the soil or sand 11. Even if the grain structure starts to collapse,
The soil or sand 11 is not blown off by the wind, and the surface of the dry land / desert land becomes very stable. In addition, once the vegetation grows, the roots of the vegetation exert a water-retaining effect, creating an environment in which the seeds of the plant that flew in the cold are easy to germinate, and the so-called “good circulation” begins. It will be.

[0014] Even if "bald land" is formed on the surface of arid land or desert land which has been subjected to the above-mentioned revegetation method, since it is partial, vegetation by surrounding vegetation can be expected. In addition, if vegetation is artificially applied, it can be revived immediately with very little effort.

As described above, the soil or sand 11 employed in the revegetation method of the first aspect is scattered around the dry land or desert land, that is, can be directly collected from the construction site. There is no need to carry in or rent from the location. At the same time, culture soil material 13
Crushing natural materials such as driftwood that have been launched on the seaside into chips (forming into plant slices)
It is good to use it. This is because not only can the seaside be cleaned to some extent at the same time, but also a part of the material of the cultivation soil material 13 can be obtained on site.

Naturally, as the cultivation soil material 13, organic porous materials such as peat moss and bark compost can be used, and these and plant slices (such as chipped driftwood) can be used to grow plants. It will exert important effects on vegetation, such as the creation of colonies of water and bacteria / bacteria, which are necessary for vegetation. Furthermore, various materials such as fertilizers, water retention materials, fertilizers, and soil can be applied as the culture soil material 13 according to the surface condition of the dry land / desert land that is the construction site, as described above. It is effective in terms of cost if a construction site is used.

In adopting the greening method according to the present invention, the binder 12 is important. The reason is that the binder 12 forms an aggregated structure by the soil or sand 11 and prevents the soil or sand 11 from scattering.

The binder 12 can be broadly classified into an inorganic binder and an organic binder. A typical example of the inorganic binder is cement. However, if a large amount of cement and soil or sand 11 are mixed and sprayed with water, concrete will be generated instead of the aggregated structure. Therefore, when this cement is used as the binder 12, driftwood chips or Although it varies depending on the mixing ratio of the culture soil material 13 such as peat moss, it is approximately 5 to 10 kg / m ³ . In other words, when the culture soil material 13 is scarcely present, 5 kg per 1 m ³ excluding water is appropriate, and when the culture soil material 13 is sufficient, 10 kg per 1 m ³ excluding water is appropriate. What is necessary is just to mix a cement. When concrete is formed, about 40 kg of cement can be added to 1 m ³ of sand and aggregate.

When an organic binder is used as the binder 12, a so-called water-soluble resin is used. For example, vinyl acetate, polyacrylic resin, or so-called PVC is used. It is sufficient that the mixing amount is such that the aggregate structure can be formed by the soil or the sand 11 in the same manner as in the case of the cement described above.

[0020] In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the means adopted by the invention according to claim 2 relates to a method for revegetation according to claim 1, wherein “the surface of a soil-improved dry land / desert land has a projection shape. Or, an uneven portion 14 such as a wind pattern is further formed. "

That is, according to the second aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, a rain reservoir is formed for retaining water, or a slope for reducing direct sunlight is formed.

The uneven portion 14 in the greening method according to the second aspect is formed by human power using a hoe or a hoe.
This is done by introducing agricultural machines such as cultivators and ridgers. Of course, as shown in FIG.
It is preferable to form the entire surface of the desert as much as possible. As shown in the right half of FIG. 4, in addition to the wave shapes (wind ripples) parallel to each other, as shown in the left half of FIG. It is implemented by being formed in a straight line parallel to each other.

Therefore, according to the greening method of the second aspect, it is possible to increase the water retention by forming rainwater pools by each of the uneven portions 14, and to form a shady portion to provide a sufficient growth environment for plants. It can be prepared to produce good vegetation in arid and desert areas. In addition, the fact that each uneven portion 14 forms a rainwater pool can prevent runoff of fertilizers and the like included in the culture soil material 13, so that cultivation of vegetation plants by the culture soil material 13 can be performed for a long time. It can be maintained.

In the revegetation method according to claim 1 or 2, if seeds or root systems of vegetation plants are mixed into the cultivation soil material 13, the germination and growth of the cultivation and growth of the surrounding soil can be prevented. Because it is planned by material 13,
This is very effective as a greening method. Of course, it is a matter of course that the vegetation may be planted or the seeds may be sown on the dry land or desert land whose soil has been improved as described above.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the means adopted by the invention according to claim 3 is based on claim 1 or 2
Regarding the greening method according to the "Soil-improved surface of arid or desert land, or the surface on which the uneven portion 14 is formed,
Spraying a mulching material composed of one or two or more of plant cuttings such as dead grass, dead tree, rice straw, wheat straw, compost or green manure forming body together with a binder 12 composed of a water-soluble polymer resin or the like. And that the mulching layer 15 is formed on the surface. "

That is, in the revegetation method according to the third aspect, the mulching layer 15 which is more effective for growing vegetation plants is provided on the surface of the arid or desert land whose soil has been improved by the revegetation method of the first or second aspect. Is formed by using a spraying method.

Of course, since the mulching layer 15 is the outermost surface of a dry land or a desert land, it is meaningless if each material constituting the mulching layer 15 is blown off by the wind. Therefore, in the present invention, when the mulching layer 15 is formed, a mulching material such as a plant section constituting the mulching layer 15 is bonded by the same bonding material 12 as described above.

Therefore, according to the revegetation method according to the third aspect, in addition to the soil improvement having the aggregate structure by the binder 12 of the soil or the sand 11, the mulching layer 15 which has been actively formed on the surface thereof is further improved. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the scattering of not only the materials forming the soil but also the soil or sand 11, and the germination and rooting of the vegetation are further promoted, and the subsequent growth is protected by the mulching layer 15. The vegetation on the surface of arid and desert lands will be made effective and encouraged.

Finally, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a means adopted by the invention according to claim 4 relates to a method for revegetation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is described as “Soil-improved dry land / desert land. A hole 20 is formed on the surface of the mulching layer 15 formed on the surface of the slab, or water, fertilizer,
Water retention material, seed plant growth base material is entangled with fibrous material to make it dango-like, and in this dango-like thing,
That is, the flocks 21 formed by wrapping the seeds, rhizomes, bulbs, and the like of the vegetation are filled. "

That is, in the greening method according to the fourth aspect, in the greening method according to any one of the first to third aspects, a large number of holes 20 are formed in the dry land / desert land or the mulching layer 15 whose soil has been improved. Then, the flocks 21 are filled in the holes 20, and the plant seeds, rhizomes, bulbs, and the like in the flocks 21 are used to more actively perform the vegetation in dry and desert areas. Things.
After the completion of the tree planting method according to the fourth aspect, the plant seeds and the like in the flocks 21 germinate and root well, and the vegetation in the arid and desert areas is more effectively performed.

In this case, the floc 21 is formed by tangling water, fertilizer, water retention material, and seed plant growth base material into a fibrous material to form a dango-like material. It is formed by enclosing a rhizome, a bulb, and the like, and is embedded in the hole 20.

[0032]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following is an explanation of the invention according to each of the claims constructed as described above with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the surface side of an arid land or desert after the first embodiment of the present invention is carried out. -The surface of the desert is formed by spraying a soil or sand 11 mixed with a binder 12 and a culture soil material 13 and adding water thereto. In adopting the greening method of the first aspect, each step shown by a solid line in FIG. 3 is performed.

First, soil or sand 11 is scattered on a road or a windbreak shown in FIG. 8, for example, using a large-sized vacuum cleaner or a bulldozer with a scraper as in the conventional method. It is to be collected. That is, the scattered soil or sand 11 is recycled.

As the culture soil material 13, an organic porous material such as peat moss or bark compost may be used. Since dead trees and the like cannot be effectively used as they are and are not suitable for the spraying method, it is preferable to use chips of a certain size (slicing). This chip formation may be performed by introducing a machine to the construction site. Of course,
If it is difficult to obtain dead trees or grasses on the spot, straw or rice straw may be brought in, or compost or green manure may be introduced from other sources. And in this culture soil material 13,
Everything necessary for vegetation, such as seeds and root systems of living plants, water retention materials and fertilizers necessary for germination and growth thereof, can be mixed.

As the binder 12 for forming the aggregate structure by the soil or sand 11, various materials as described in the above-mentioned means can be employed. Is selected and adopted according to

Then, the soil or sand 11, as described above,
Water is mixed with the binder 12 and the cultivation soil material 13, and the soil is improved on the surface of the dry land and desert land by using a spraying machine, for example, which is employed in a greening method for the area. This completes the basics of the greening method of the present invention. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, necessary cleaning up and cleaning are performed, and follow-up surveys are periodically performed.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 shows a state in which the greening method according to the second aspect has been completed. In the greening method according to the second aspect, the dried soil obtained by improving the soil by the greening method according to the first aspect is used. The uneven portion 14 is positively formed on the surface of the ground / desert ground by a ridge machine or the like. The solid line portion of the flowchart showing the construction order shown in FIG. Is added.

These uneven portions 14 may be formed as straight parallel lines as shown on the left side of FIG. 4, but each uneven portion 14 may be formed as shown on the right side of FIG. It is also formed into a wave pattern by forming a waveform. In each of the wind-shaped uneven portions 14, the shade portion for vegetation can be made to have a complicated shape, and the sunshade always changes somewhere regardless of the temporal change and seasonal change of the sunshine. It is possible to create a shaded area, and it is effective to secure a place that is effective for vegetation.

Further, each of the concave and convex portions 14 can be formed to be steep as shown in FIG. 5 or to be curved as shown in FIG. The height is about 5 cm. The uneven portion 14 shown in FIG.
In this example, the upper side was 8 cm and the lower side was about 27 cm, and the distance between the adjacent uneven portions 14 was about 16 cm (pitch: about 43 (m)).

(Embodiment 3) FIGS. 6 and 7 show a third embodiment.
Although a partial cross-sectional view of arid land and desert land where soil improvement has been performed by adopting the greening method according to
A mulching layer 1 on the surface of arid land and desert land with improved soil
5 is further formed by a spraying method. That is, the greening method according to the third aspect is obtained by adding a step of “spraying a mulching layer” to the solid line portion of the flowchart showing the construction order shown in FIG. Needless to say, the greening method according to the third aspect of the present invention uses the mulching layer 1 on the surface of the dry land / desert land (the surface without the uneven portions 14) shown in FIG.
5 may be implemented.

In the example shown in FIG.
A mulching layer 15 having a thickness of about 1 cm is formed on the surface of
The mulching material is formed as the outermost surface of dry land or desert land by spraying the mulching material together with the binder 12 made of a water-soluble polymer resin or the like. As a mulching material, it is most effective to use dead trees and grasses at the construction site. This is because, as a matter of course, the transportation cost can be omitted, and it is possible to clean dry areas and desert areas and recycle dead trees. If there are no such dead trees, as the mulching layer 15, rice straw, wheat straw, compost, greening forming body, or the like is used.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a large number of holes 20 are formed in the surface of the dry land / desert land or the mulching layer 15 where the soil has been improved as described above. The present invention is a planting method according to claim 4, wherein the plant seeds in the floc 21 are used to more actively vegetate in arid or desert lands.

That is, after the completion of the revegetation method according to claim 4 shown in FIG. 7, plant seeds and the like in the floc 21 satisfactorily germinate and root, and the vegetation in the arid and desert lands becomes better. It has been made more effective.

In this case, the floc 21 is formed by entanglement of water, fertilizer, water retention material and seed plant growth base material with a fibrous material to form a dango-like material. It is formed by enclosing a rhizome, a bulb, and the like, and is embedded in the hole 20.

[0046]

As described in detail above, first, in the invention according to claim 1, as exemplified in the above embodiment,
"A binder made of cement or a water-soluble polymer resin, etc. is applied to the soil or sand 11 collected on soil or sand such as sand dunes, sandy ground, or slightly rainy dry land where sand is easily scattered. 12 and a culture soil material 13 such as a water retention material and a fertilizer material are added and mixed, and these are mixed with water and sprayed, whereby the soil or sand centered on the surface of the dry land or desert land. The grain structure was formed to improve soil in arid and desert areas, thereby promoting the growth of plants while preventing the scattering of soil or sand. '' The present invention provides a tree planting method that can prevent scattering of sand or soil and promote the growth of plants by slightly modifying the work of returning the sand or the like to its original position, which has been conventionally performed. You can do it.

According to the greening method of the first aspect,
"On the surface of arid or desert land with improved soil, irregularities 14 such as protrusions or wind ripples are further formed."
The greening method according to the second aspect of the present invention provides a greening method according to the second aspect, in which the same effect as that of the first aspect can be obtained. It can be ensured by each of the uneven portions 14, and the germination and growth of the vegetation can be further improved.

[0048] In the invention according to claim 3, the method of claim 1 or 2 further includes the step of “adding a surface of a dry land or desert land with improved soil, or a surface on which the uneven portion 14 is formed. Any one of plant section, compost or green manure forming body such as hay, dead grass, dead tree, rice straw, straw etc.
A mulching material composed of one or more types is sprayed together with a binder 12 composed of a water-soluble polymer resin to form a mulching layer 15 on the surface. " Thereby, in addition to exhibiting the same effect as the invention according to claim 1 or 2, the mulching layer 15 which plays an important role in the growth of vegetation plants and the like can be present on the surface of arid land / desert land, The growth of vegetation can be further promoted.

In the invention according to claim 4,
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: forming a hole 20 in a surface of a soil-improved dry land or desert land or a mulching layer 15 formed on the surface; Flock formed by wrapping water, fertilizer, water retention material, seed plant growth base material with fibrous material and making it dango-shaped, and wrapping seeds, rhizomes, bulbs, etc. of vegetation plants in this dango-shaped material 21 has a characteristic in its composition. This makes it possible to effectively germinate and grow vegetation plants from each floc 21 and to greatly reduce vegetation on the surface of arid land and desert land. It can be done effectively and reliably by simple means.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the surface of a dry land / desert land after the greening method according to claim 1 is performed.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the surface of an arid land / desert land after the greening method according to claim 2 is performed.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation sequence of the greening method according to claims 1 to 3;

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view showing a surface of an arid land / desert land in which an uneven portion is formed.

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an uneven portion when the greening method according to claim 2 is carried out, taken along line 1-1 in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an uneven portion when the greening method according to claim 3 is performed, and taken along line 1-1 in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an uneven portion when the greening method according to claim 3 or 4 is performed, which is taken along line 1-1 in FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing the current state of arid land / desert land.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Soil or sand 12 Bonding material 13 Culture soil material 14 Uneven part 15 Mulching layer 20 Hole 21 Flock

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Makino 2-17-14 Asakawadai, Yawatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka (72) Inventor Tomiharu Yamamoto 1232-3, Tsumaki, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Kei Yamamoto 610, Shukuchi-cho, Ogaki-shi, Gifu Prefecture

Claims (4)

[Claims] Claims: 1. For soils such as dunes, sandy grounds, and dry areas with little rain, where sand is liable to scatter, dry soils or deserts are collected from cement or water-soluble polymer resins. Binder and culture soil materials such as water retention materials and fertilizer materials are added and mixed, and these are mixed with water and sprayed, so that the soil or sand is centered on the surface of the dry land / desert land. Dry soil characterized by forming a reduced aggregate structure to improve soil in the dry land and desert land, thereby promoting the growth of plants while preventing the scattering of the soil or sand. -How to plant trees in desert areas. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising forming irregularities such as protrusions or wind ripples on the surface of the soil-improved dry land or desert land. 3. A plant cut body such as dead grass, dead tree, rice straw, straw or the like, a compost or a green manure forming body on the surface of the soil-improved dry land or desert land or the surface on which the uneven portion is formed. The mulching material of one or more types is sprayed together with a binder made of a water-soluble polymer resin or the like to form a mulching layer on the surface. Of greening in arid and desert areas of Japan. 4. A hole is formed in the surface of the soil-improved dry land or desert land or in the mulching layer formed on the surface, and water, fertilizer, water retention material, and seed plant growth base material are fiber-filled in the hole. 2. A dango-shaped thing entangled with a shape-like material, and a flock formed by wrapping seeds, rhizomes, bulbs and the like of a vegetation plant in the dango-like shape is filled. The method for greening arid or desert areas according to any one of claims 1 to 3.