JPH0974728A - Generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the generator, which has the simple structures for both a rotor and a stator, is suitable for the compact, thin configuration and has the low manufacturing cost and the excellent power generating efficiency. SOLUTION: A rotor 2, which has magnetic poles at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction and the field generating means such as permanent magnets 8a-8d wherein the polarities of the neighboring magnetic poles in the circumferential direction are made different alternately, and a stator 3 having a ring-shaped coil 10, which is wound in the circumferential direction of the rotor and arranged so as to face the magnetic poles at a plurality of positions, are provided. A ring-shaped yoke 11 on the stator side is arranged at the facing side and the opposite side of the magnetic poles of the coil 10. Protruding pieces 11a-11d, which are alternately protruding to the facing side to the rotor 2 from the mutually different side surfaces of the coil 10, are provided at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction of the yoke as a unitary body together with the yoke 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a generator for extracting rotary motion as electric energy, and more particularly to a small generator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various generators have been proposed as a generator for extracting rotary motion as electric energy.
There are problems that the structure is complicated, the manufacturing cost is high, it is difficult to reduce the size and thickness, and the power generation efficiency is poor.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a generator having a simple structure for both the rotor and the stator, suitable for miniaturization and thinning, low manufacturing cost and high power generation efficiency.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a generator according to the present invention has the following constitution.

That is, a rotor having magnetic field generating means in which magnetic poles are provided at a plurality of circumferential positions and the polarities of magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are alternately changed, and the rotor is wound in the circumferential direction. A stator having an annular coil arranged facing the magnetic poles at a plurality of locations, and a ring-side stator-side yoke is arranged on the opposite side of the coil to the opposite side to the magnetic pole, and It is characterized in that projecting pieces alternately projecting from different side surfaces of the coil toward the surface facing the rotor are provided integrally with the yoke at a plurality of circumferential positions of the yoke.

[0006]

With the above-described structure, it is possible to provide a generator having a simple structure, suitable for miniaturization and thinning of both the rotor and the stator, low manufacturing cost, and high power generation efficiency.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The generator according to the present invention will be specifically described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

[Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a generator according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a vertical sectional front view, FIG. 1 (b) is a vertical sectional side view, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a rotor and a stator.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a generator main body case having a substantially short tubular shape, in which a rotor 2 is rotatably accommodated and arranged in the main body case 1, and a stator is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the case around the rotor 2. 3 is attached. In the figure, 4 is a rotating shaft of the rotor 2, and 5 is a bearing member such as a bearing.

The rotor 2 has an end cylinder-shaped yoke 7 made of a soft magnetic material such as a silicon steel plate attached around the rotary shaft 4 via a support member 6 made of a non-magnetic material, and the yoke 7 has an outer periphery. As the field generating means, four permanent magnets 8a to 8d are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a spacer 9 made of a non-magnetic material is interposed between the adjacent magnets. Each of the magnets 8a to 8d and each of the spacers 9 are formed in the same shape in the illustrated example, and their outer peripheral surface sides have the same circumferential length. Further, magnetic poles are formed in the respective magnets 8a to 8d in the radial direction, and the magnets adjacent to each other are magnetized so that the polarities thereof are alternately opposite to each other.

On the other hand, the stator 3 has a structure in which one ring-shaped yoke 11 made of a soft magnetic material is arranged on the outer peripheral surface side of an annular coil 10 wound in the circumferential direction of the rotor 2. The yoke 11 is attached to the rotor 11 from the side of the coil 10.
A plurality of projecting pieces 11a to 11d projecting toward the inner peripheral surface of the coil facing the outer peripheral surface of the yoke at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
1 and the projecting pieces 1 that are integrally provided with and are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.
1a to 11d are configured to project from the opposite side surfaces of the coil 10 to the coil inner peripheral surface side. The circumferential lengths and intervals of the surfaces of the protruding pieces 11a to 11d on the coil inner peripheral surface side, that is, the surfaces facing the rotor outer peripheral surface are the same as the circumferential lengths and intervals of the outer peripheral surfaces of the magnets 8a to 8d. They are formed to be substantially equal.

In the above structure, when one magnet 8a of the rotor 2 faces the protruding piece 11a of the yoke 11 of the stator 3 as shown in FIG. 1, the other magnets 8b to 8b are arranged.
d also faces the protruding pieces 11b to 11d, respectively. Then, for example, the magnetic flux f1 emitted from the N pole of the magnet 8a passes from the protruding piece 11a of the stator-side yoke 11 through the yoke 11 to the magnet 8b from the adjacent protruding piece 11b as shown by the chain line in FIG. Magnetic flux f from the N pole of the magnet 8b
2 returns to the N pole of the magnet 8a through the yoke 7 on the rotor side.

In this case, since the side surfaces of the projecting pieces 11a and 11b are located on the opposite sides of the coil 10, the magnetic fluxes f1 and f2 must circulate so as to surround the coil 10 as shown by the arrows in the figure. Becomes The above magnet 8a
The magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the magnet 8d also enters the S pole of the magnet 8d from the adjacent protruding piece 11d via the yoke 11 from the protruding piece 11a, and the magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the magnet 8d enters the yoke 7 on the rotor side. Although it returns to the N pole of the magnet 8a via the, the magnetic flux thereof is omitted in the figure. Further, with respect to the magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the magnet 8c, the magnets 8b
The magnetic flux entering the S pole of c and exiting from the N pole of those magnets returns to the S pole of the magnet 8c via the yoke 7 on the rotor side, but it is omitted in the figure. The same applies to the following description.

Next, from the state of FIG. 3A, the rotor 2 is rotated in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and the magnet 8a is at the intermediate position between the projecting pieces 11a and 11b, as shown in FIG. 3B. When you move
The other magnets 8b to 8d are also located between the adjacent protruding pieces, and each magnet does not face the protruding pieces. Therefore, there is no magnetic flux flowing into the stator-side yoke, and no magnetic flux circulating around the coil 10 is generated.

Subsequently, when the rotor 2 rotates and the magnet 8a directly faces the protruding piece 11b, the other magnets 8b, 8c, 8d.
Also face the protruding pieces 11c, 11d, and 11a, respectively.
At that time, for example, the magnetic flux f3 emitted from the N pole of the magnet 8a enters the protruding piece 11b, the yoke 11 on the stator side, the protruding piece 11a, and the S pole of the magnet 8b as shown in FIG. The magnetic flux f4 emitted from the N pole of 8b returns to the S pole of the magnet 8a via the yoke 7 on the rotor side. Similar to the magnetic fluxes f1 and f2 of FIG. 4A, the magnetic fluxes f3 and f4 also orbit the coil 10 in the direction of the arrow in the figure, but the direction is the magnetic flux f.
The directions are opposite to 1 and f2.

As described above, the magnetic flux in the opposite direction alternately circulates around the coil 10 every time the rotor 2 rotates at a constant angle, in the illustrated example, 90 degrees (1/4 rotation), and this is repeated. As a result, a voltage proportional to the time derivative of the interlinking magnetic flux is induced in the coil 10, and an alternating voltage proportional to the rotation speed of the rotor 2 is output to both ends of the coil 10.
It is possible to provide a generator that has an extremely simple structure and that is suitable for miniaturization and thinning.

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the generator according to the present invention. FIG. 4A is a vertical sectional front view, FIG. 4B is a vertical sectional side view, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a rotor and a stator, and members having the same functions as those in the above-described embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, a rotor 2 similar to that of the first embodiment is used, and a stator 3 has a first yoke 11 similar to that of the first embodiment on the outer peripheral surface side of a coil 10 as in the first embodiment. Provided,
Further, a second yoke 12 is provided on the outer side of the second yoke 12 via a ring-shaped spacer 13 made of a non-magnetic material. The first and second yokes 11 and 12 have a plurality of projecting pieces 11a to 11d and 12a to 1 which alternately project from the opposite side surfaces of the coil 10 toward the inner surface of the coil, as in the above embodiment.
2d are integrally provided, and the protruding piece 1 of the second yoke 12 is provided between the adjacent protruding pieces 11a to 11d of the first yoke 11.
2a to 12d are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.

In the above structure, when the magnet 8a faces the protruding piece 12a of the second yoke 12 as shown in FIG. 4A, the other magnets 8b to 8d also protrude from the second yoke 12. Face the pieces 12b to 12d. At that time, for example, the magnetic flux f11 emitted from the N pole of the magnet 8a enters the S pole of the magnet 8b from the adjacent protruding piece 12b through the yoke 12 from the protruding piece 12a as shown in FIG. The magnetic flux f12 emitted from the N pole returns to the S pole of the magnet 8a via the yoke 7 on the rotor side. In this case, since the side surfaces of the protruding pieces 12a and 12b are located on the opposite sides of the coil 10, the magnetic flux f11
・ F12 goes around the coil 10.

When the rotor 2 rotates from the above state and the magnet 8a moves between the projecting piece 12a and the projecting piece 11a of the first yoke 11 as shown in FIG. 6B, the above magnetic flux is generated. Along with f11 and f12, the magnetic flux f13 from the N pole of the magnet 8a
After passing through the protruding piece 11a of the first yoke 11, the yoke 11 and the protruding piece 11b, the magnet enters into the S pole of the magnet 8b, and the N of the magnet 8b passes.
The magnetic flux f14 from the pole passes through the rotor-side yoke 7 and the magnet 8a.
Return to S pole.

The magnetic fluxes f13 and f14 are the above magnetic fluxes f11 and f12.
Since the coil 10 is circulated in the same direction as in the above, the direction and amount of the magnetic flux interlinking with the coil 10 do not change as compared with the state of FIG. 6 (a), and therefore no voltage is induced at this stage. Further, even if the path of the magnetic flux changes, the amount of magnetic flux and the magnetic resistance hardly change. Therefore, although the magnetic flux path is changed, that is, the magnetic circuit is changed, the reaction force accompanying it is not generated.

Subsequently, the rotor 2 rotates and the magnet 8a causes the protruding piece 1 of the first yoke 11 to move as shown in FIG. 6 (c).
When facing only 1a, the magnetic fluxes f11 and f12 passing through the second yoke 12 disappear, leaving only the magnetic fluxes f13 and f14 passing through the first yoke 11, and the magnetic fluxes f13 and f14 as described above. Since the coil 10 orbits in the same direction as f12, the amount and direction of the magnetic flux interlinking with the coil 10 does not change, and no voltage is induced in the coil 10.

When the rotor 2 further rotates and the magnet 8a directly faces the protruding piece 12b as shown in FIG. 3D, the magnetic flux f15 emitted from the N pole of the magnet 8a causes the protruding piece of the second yoke 12 to move. 1
2b to yoke 12 and adjacent protruding piece 12d (12c)
Through the S pole of the permanent magnet 8d (8b),
The magnetic flux f16 from the N pole of d (8b) returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet 8a via the yoke 7 on the rotor side. The magnetic flux f15 ・ f
In contrast to the above-mentioned magnetic fluxes f11, f12 and f13, f14, the direction of 16 goes around the coil 10 in the opposite direction, and a voltage proportional to the change in the interlinking magnetic flux is induced in the coil 10. After that, the magnetic flux in the same direction is excited until the magnet 8a directly faces the protruding piece 12c of the second yoke 12, and when the magnet 8a directly faces the protruding piece 12c, the magnetic flux in the same direction as in (a) of FIG. 6 is excited again. It is done and this is repeated.

As described above, in the second embodiment, the magnets 8a to 8d are arranged on at least one of the stator-side first and second yokes 11 and 12 regardless of the position of the rotor 2. A magnetic circuit that faces the protruding piece and circulates around the coil 10 is always formed, and does not become an open circuit. Therefore,
It is possible to reduce as much as possible the generation of a demagnetizing field and a reaction force which are caused by the transition between the open circuit and the closed circuit due to the rotation of the rotor 2. Strictly speaking, the reaction force is generated only as a result of the current being taken out to the outside with the induced power to the coil. This means that theoretically all the input rotational force will be taken out as electric power, and an extremely efficient generator can be realized.

In addition, although the total amount of magnetic flux that can be used is the same in the first and second embodiments, the latter has a steeper change in magnetic flux interlinking with the coil, and therefore the induced voltage also becomes higher.
Theoretically, twice the voltage is generated, so if the generator is approximated as an ideal voltage source, the generator according to the second embodiment takes double the electric power of the generator according to the first embodiment in consideration of the duty. Is considered to occur.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples of the invention, and the structures and the materials and shapes of the constituent members can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, although a permanent magnet is used as the magnet in each of the above embodiments,
It is also possible to use an electromagnet, and in that case, a slip ring, a brush or the like is required for supplying electric power to the electromagnet, but since these are all known techniques, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Although the stator is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor in the above embodiment, it may be arranged on the side of the rotor, and the arrangement and number of the magnetic poles of the rotor and the stator side. The number of yokes, the shape and number of protruding pieces, and the like can be changed as appropriate.

[0028]

As described above, the generator according to the present invention has magnetic poles at a plurality of circumferential positions, and the magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction have different polarities. A rotor 2 having a magnetism generating means, and a stator 3 having an annular coil 10 wound in the circumferential direction of the rotor 2 and arranged so as to face the magnetic poles at the plurality of positions are provided. Ring-shaped stator-side yokes 11 (12) are arranged on the side opposite to the side opposite to the magnetic poles, and the opposite sides of the coil 10 face the rotor 2 at a plurality of circumferential positions of the yoke. Projecting pieces 1 that alternately project to the side
1a to 11d (12a to 12d) are connected to the yoke 11 (1
It is possible to provide an efficient power generator with an extremely simple structure that is integrated with 2), and it is effective in downsizing and thinning this type of power generator and improving power generation efficiency. is there.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of a generator according to the present invention. (B) is a vertical sectional side view.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rotor and a stator of the generator according to the above embodiment.

3 (a) to 3 (c) are explanatory views showing the operating principle of the generator according to the above embodiment.

FIG. 4A is a vertical sectional front view showing another embodiment of the generator according to the present invention. (B) is a vertical sectional side view.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a rotor and a stator of the generator according to the above embodiment.

6A to 6C are explanatory views showing the operation principle of the generator according to the above-described embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body case 2 Rotor 3 Stator 4 Rotating shaft 7 Rotor side yoke 8a-8d Magnet 10 Coil 11, 12 Stator side yoke 11a-11d, 12a-12d Projecting piece

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A rotor having magnetic field generating means in which magnetic poles are provided at a plurality of circumferential positions, and the polarities of magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are alternately changed, and the rotor is wound in the circumferential direction. A stator having an annular coil arranged facing the magnetic poles at a plurality of locations, and a ring-side stator-side yoke is arranged on the opposite side of the coil to the opposite side to the magnetic pole, and A generator characterized in that projecting pieces alternately projecting from different side surfaces of the coil toward a surface facing a rotor are provided integrally with the yoke at a plurality of circumferential positions of the yoke. 2. A plurality of stator-side yokes having the projecting pieces are provided on the side opposite to the side opposite to the magnetic poles, and the projecting pieces of the respective yokes are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. The generator according to claim 1, wherein: