JPH09326538A - Flexible printed wiring board - Google Patents
Flexible printed wiring boardInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09326538A JPH09326538A JP14252696A JP14252696A JPH09326538A JP H09326538 A JPH09326538 A JP H09326538A JP 14252696 A JP14252696 A JP 14252696A JP 14252696 A JP14252696 A JP 14252696A JP H09326538 A JPH09326538 A JP H09326538A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pattern
- wiring board
- flexible printed
- printed wiring
- printing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0393—Flexible materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
- H05K1/092—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks
- H05K1/095—Dispersed materials, e.g. conductive pastes or inks for polymer thick films, i.e. having a permanent organic polymeric binder
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/24—Reinforcing the conductive pattern
Landscapes
- Printing Elements For Providing Electric Connections Between Printed Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、AV・OA機器の
電気配線用等として使用されるフレキシブル印刷配線基
板に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flexible printed wiring board used for electrical wiring of AV / OA equipment.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、AV,OA機器等は軽薄短小化の
傾向にあり、セット内部の隙間に自由自在に折り曲げて
配置でき、配線基板どうし等を電気的に接続できるフレ
キシブル印刷配線基板の使用が増加するとともに、その
配線ピッチも狭ピッチのものが増えている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, AV, OA devices and the like have tended to be light, thin, short and small, and can be freely bent and placed in a gap inside a set, and use of a flexible printed wiring board capable of electrically connecting wiring boards and the like. The number of wirings having a narrow pitch is also increasing as the number of wirings increases.
【0003】従来のフレキシブル印刷配線基板は、折り
曲げ時の電気的導通性を保証するため可撓性のある軟ら
かい配線導電パターンが引きまわされており、パターン
硬度を必要とするコネクタ嵌合部分や抵抗成分を付加す
る印刷抵抗部分等は、図5(a)の斜視図及び(b)の
断面図に示すように、絶縁フィルム1上に高硬度または
高抵抗等の各種機能を有する第一パターン2を印刷形成
し、第一パターン2の端部2A及び2Bに重ね合わせる
ように、配線導電パターンとなる第二パターン3を各々
印刷形成していた。In the conventional flexible printed wiring board, a flexible and soft wiring conductive pattern is laid around in order to ensure electric continuity at the time of bending, and a connector fitting portion or a resistance which requires pattern hardness is used. As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 5A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5B, the print resistance portion to which the component is added has a first pattern 2 having various functions such as high hardness or high resistance on the insulating film 1. Was formed by printing, and the second patterns 3 to be wiring conductive patterns were formed by printing so as to overlap the end portions 2A and 2B of the first pattern 2.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、第一パ
ターン2の端部2A及び2Bは一般に印刷方向に対して
垂直な形状であるため僅かな段差となっており、この段
差の部分でインキの塗布条件が急に変化し、第二パター
ン3の重ね合わせ部3Aを印刷形成するときには、根元
部分3Bは完全に印刷インキが刷り込まれるが、エッジ
部分3Cの厚さは薄くなり部分的に途切れた状態とな
り、他方の重ね合わせ部3Dの根元部分3Eでは印刷イ
ンキの刷り込み不足状態となって、各種電子機器に取り
付ける時等に加わる折り曲げ時の外力により重ね合わせ
部3Aおよび3Dにクラックまたはパターン切れが発生
することがあった。However, since the ends 2A and 2B of the first pattern 2 are generally vertical to the printing direction, there are slight steps, and ink is applied at these steps. When the conditions suddenly change and the overlapping portion 3A of the second pattern 3 is formed by printing, the root portion 3B is completely imprinted with the printing ink, but the edge portion 3C is thin and partially discontinuous. In the root portion 3E of the other overlapping portion 3D, the imprinting state of the printing ink is insufficient, and cracks or pattern breaks occur in the overlapping portions 3A and 3D due to an external force applied when bending the electronic component such as when it is attached to various electronic devices. It happened.
【0005】また、第一パターン2の膜厚が厚くなれ
ば、その段差が大きくなり、重ね合わせ部3Aおよび3
Dに対する影響も大きくなり、電気的な接続性を保証す
ることは難しかった。Further, as the film thickness of the first pattern 2 becomes thicker, the step difference becomes larger, and the overlapping portions 3A and 3A are formed.
The influence on D was also large, and it was difficult to guarantee electrical connectivity.
【0006】そして一方では、上記の重ね合わせ印刷時
に第一パターン2と第二パターン3がずれて印刷形成さ
れることがあり、狭ピッチ配線パターンの各パターン間
の絶縁性を保つためには第二パターン3の幅は第一パタ
ーン2の幅と同等以下とする必要があった。[0006] On the other hand, the first pattern 2 and the second pattern 3 may be formed by being deviated from each other during the above-mentioned overlay printing, and in order to maintain the insulation between the respective patterns of the narrow pitch wiring pattern, The width of the second pattern 3 needs to be equal to or less than the width of the first pattern 2.
【0007】本発明はこのような従来の課題を解決しよ
うとするものであり、第二パターンの重ね合わせ部の厚
みを確保して、電気的接続性が安定した高品質なフレキ
シブル印刷配線基板を提供することを目的とするもので
ある。The present invention is intended to solve such a conventional problem, and provides a high-quality flexible printed wiring board with stable electrical connectivity by ensuring the thickness of the overlapping portion of the second pattern. It is intended to be provided.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に本発明のフレキシブル印刷配線基板は、第二パターン
の印刷方向に対して、第一パターンの重なり部分となる
端部を傾斜をつけた形状として、その上に第二パターン
を印刷形成するものである。In order to solve the above problems, in the flexible printed wiring board of the present invention, the end portion which is the overlapping portion of the first pattern is inclined with respect to the printing direction of the second pattern. As a shape, the second pattern is formed by printing on it.
【0009】これにより、第二パターン印刷時に第一パ
ターン端部の影響を軽減して、第二パターンの重ね合わ
せ部の厚みを確保でき、クラック及びパターン切れを防
止するものである。Thus, the influence of the end portion of the first pattern can be reduced at the time of printing the second pattern, the thickness of the overlapping portion of the second pattern can be secured, and cracks and pattern breaks can be prevented.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の請求項1に記載の発明
は、絶縁基板に印刷形成された第一パターンと、第一パ
ターン上に重ねて印刷形成した第一パターンと同等以下
の幅の第二パターンからなり、第一パターンの重なり部
分の端部を第二パターンの印刷方向に対して傾斜させた
形状としたフレキシブル印刷配線基板としたものであ
り、第二パターンの印刷時には、印刷インキ塗布用治具
が第一パターンの傾斜した端部の先端に当たって乗り上
げ前進することになり、第一パターンの傾斜部分での第
二パターン厚みは、第一パターンの段差分を含めた厚み
で印刷形成できるという作用を有する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention has a width equal to or less than that of the first pattern formed by printing on the insulating substrate and the first pattern formed by printing on the first pattern. The flexible printed wiring board is formed of the second pattern, and the end of the overlapping portion of the first pattern is inclined with respect to the printing direction of the second pattern. The coating jig hits the tip of the sloping end of the first pattern and rides forward, and the second pattern thickness at the sloping portion of the first pattern is formed by printing including the step difference of the first pattern. It has the effect of being able to.
【0011】請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の
発明において、第一パターンの重なり部分の端部形状が
三角形状または円弧状に突出した形状としたものであ
り、一定の距離に対して約2倍の傾斜部分を設けること
ができるという作用を有する。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the end portion of the overlapping portion of the first pattern has a triangular or arcuate shape, and the end portion has a predetermined distance. On the other hand, it has an effect that it is possible to provide an inclined portion that is approximately doubled.
【0012】請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の
発明において、第一パターンの重なり部分の端部形状が
三角形状または円弧状に窪んだ形状としたものであり、
請求項2の発明と同等の作用を有する。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the end portion of the overlapping portion of the first pattern has a triangular or arcuate recessed shape.
It has the same effect as the invention of claim 2.
【0013】請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の
発明において、第二パターンの印刷方向に対して、第一
パターンの重なり部分の前部が窪んだ三角形状、後部が
突出した三角形状としたものであり、請求項2の発明と
同等の作用を有するが、ポリエチレンテレフタレート製
の絶縁フィルムにカーボンレジン系または銀レジン系の
インキを印刷した一般のフレキシブル印刷配線基板での
比較実験の結果、最も良好な結果が得られるという作用
を有する。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the front portion of the overlapping portion of the first pattern is a triangular shape in which the front portion is recessed and the rear portion is protruding in the printing direction of the second pattern. Although it has a shape and has the same effect as that of the invention of claim 2, a comparison test of a general flexible printed wiring board in which a carbon resin-based or silver resin-based ink is printed on an insulating film made of polyethylene terephthalate As a result, it has an effect that the best result can be obtained.
【0014】請求項5に記載の発明は、請求項1記載の
発明において、第一パターンの重なり部分の端部形状が
直線状としたものであり、特に幅の細いパターンである
場合に第一パターンの端部形状が形成しやすいという作
用を有する。According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the end portion of the overlapping portion of the first pattern has a linear shape, and especially when the pattern has a narrow width, It has an effect that the end shape of the pattern is easily formed.
【0015】以下、本発明の実施の形態について図1〜
図4を用いて説明する。なお、従来の構成部分と同一部
分には同一番号を付して説明を省略する。Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. It should be noted that the same parts as those of the conventional configuration are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
【0016】(実施の形態1)図1(a)は同実施の形
態によるフレキシブル印刷配線基板の斜視図、(b)は
断面図であり、同図において、1は従来と同様のポリエ
チレンテレフタレート製等の絶縁フィルムであり、表面
には第一パターン10が印刷形成され、その端部10A
及び10B上に各々第二パターン11が重ねて印刷形成
されているが、第一パターン10の端部10A及び10
Bは第二パターン11の印刷方向に対して前後部共に凸
形の三角形状となっている。(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of a flexible printed wiring board according to the same embodiment, and FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view. In FIG. 1, 1 is the same polyethylene terephthalate as the conventional one. The first pattern 10 is formed by printing on the surface of the insulating film such as
The second pattern 11 is formed by printing on the first pattern 10 and the second pattern 11, respectively.
B has a triangular shape in which the front and rear portions are convex with respect to the printing direction of the second pattern 11.
【0017】そして、この第一パターン10と重なった
第二パターン11の重ね合わせ部11Aを印刷形成する
ときには、印刷インキ塗布用治具(図示せず)が第一パ
ターン10の端部10Aの先端部10Cに到達すると端
部10Aに乗り上げて前進することとなり、端部10A
の三角形状の斜辺部分10Dには第一パターン10の段
差分も含めた厚みで第二パターン11のインキが塗布さ
れ、また、他方の第一パターン10の端部10Bでは、
印刷インキ塗布用治具がその先端部10Eに移動するま
では、三角形状の斜辺部分10F部分には第一パターン
10の段差分も含めた厚みで第二パターン11のインキ
が塗布され重ね合わせ部11Bが形成される。When the overlapping portion 11A of the second pattern 11 overlapping the first pattern 10 is formed by printing, a printing ink applying jig (not shown) is provided at the tip of the end portion 10A of the first pattern 10. When it reaches the portion 10C, it rides on the end portion 10A and moves forward.
The ink of the second pattern 11 having a thickness including the step difference of the first pattern 10 is applied to the triangular hypotenuse portion 10D of the above, and at the end 10B of the other first pattern 10,
Until the printing ink applying jig moves to the tip portion 10E, the ink of the second pattern 11 is applied to the triangular hypotenuse portion 10F with a thickness including the step difference of the first pattern 10 and the overlapping portion. 11B is formed.
【0018】このように、第二パターン11の重ね合わ
せ部11Aおよび11Bの厚みを確保できるため、クラ
ック発生やパターン切れの不良が起こりにくく電気的接
続性を安定させることができる。As described above, since the thickness of the overlapping portions 11A and 11B of the second pattern 11 can be secured, the occurrence of cracks and defective pattern cutting is unlikely to occur, and the electrical connectivity can be stabilized.
【0019】なお、第一パターン端部の凸形の三角形状
の頂点角度は、必要に応じて設定すればよいが、第一パ
ターンの印刷性等が安定するために90°以下で設定す
ることが好ましい。The vertex angle of the convex triangular shape at the end of the first pattern may be set as necessary, but is set to 90 ° or less in order to stabilize the printability of the first pattern. Is preferred.
【0020】また、本実施の形態では、第一パターン1
0の端部10A,10Bの形状を凸形の三角形状の例で
説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、
円弧状の形状としても同様な効果を期待できることは勿
論である。In the present embodiment, the first pattern 1
Although the shape of the end portions 10A and 10B of 0 is described as an example of a convex triangular shape, the present invention is not limited to this.
Needless to say, the same effect can be expected with an arc shape.
【0021】(実施の形態2)図2に示すように、第一
パターン12の端部12Aおよび12Bを第二パターン
13の印刷方向に対して前後部共に凹形の三角形状とし
た場合には、凹形の中にインキがかき集められて段差分
も含めた厚みで第二パターン13の重ね合わせ部13A
および13Bを形成することになり、電気的接続性を安
定させることができる。(Embodiment 2) As shown in FIG. 2, when the end portions 12A and 12B of the first pattern 12 are formed in a triangular shape in which the front and rear portions are concave with respect to the printing direction of the second pattern 13, The overlapping portion 13A of the second pattern 13 having a thickness including the step due to the ink being collected in the concave shape
And 13B are formed, and electrical connectivity can be stabilized.
【0022】なお、第一パターン12の端部の三角形状
の凹形角度は、必要に応じて設定すればよいが、第一パ
ターンの印刷性等が安定するために90°以下に設計す
ることが最も良く、更に、円弧状の形状としても同様な
効果が期待できることは上記実施の形態1と同じであ
る。The triangular concave angle of the end of the first pattern 12 may be set as necessary, but it should be designed to be 90 ° or less in order to stabilize the printability of the first pattern. Is the best, and the same effect can be expected with an arc shape as in the first embodiment.
【0023】(実施の形態3)フレキシブル基板の材質
や印刷インキの特性により期待する効果が得られにくい
場合でも、図3に示すように、一方の端部14Aを凹形
の三角形状に、他方の端部14Bの形状を凸形の三角形
状というように各々使い分けることにより、第一パター
ン14と第二パターン15との電気的接続性をより安定
させることができる。(Embodiment 3) Even when it is difficult to obtain the expected effect due to the material of the flexible substrate and the characteristics of the printing ink, one end 14A is formed in a concave triangular shape and the other is formed as shown in FIG. It is possible to further stabilize the electrical connectivity between the first pattern 14 and the second pattern 15 by properly using the shape of the end portion 14B of each of them such as a convex triangular shape.
【0024】(実施の形態4)第一パターン16の幅が
狭い時には、図4に示すように、第一パターン16の端
部16Aおよび16Bを第二パターン17の印刷方向に
対して斜めの直線状とすれば、容易に印刷形成できると
共に第二パターン17が多少印刷ズレした場合でも、第
一パターン16の端部16Aおよび16Bは斜めの直線
状であるために、その影響を吸収することができる。(Embodiment 4) When the width of the first pattern 16 is narrow, the end portions 16A and 16B of the first pattern 16 are slanted with respect to the printing direction of the second pattern 17 as shown in FIG. With such a shape, it is possible to easily form a print, and even if the second pattern 17 is slightly misaligned, the end portions 16A and 16B of the first pattern 16 are slanted straight lines, so that the effect can be absorbed. it can.
【0025】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明によれば、第二パタ
ーンと重なる第一パターン端部を、第二パターンの印刷
方向に対して傾斜をつけたものとし、その上に第二パタ
ーンを印刷形成しているために、第二パターンの重ね合
わせ部の厚みを確保でき、印刷性および電気的特性の優
れた高品質のフレキシブル印刷配線基板を提供できると
いう有利な効果が得られる。As described above, according to the present invention, the end portion of the first pattern overlapping the second pattern is inclined with respect to the printing direction of the second pattern, and the second pattern is formed thereon. Since printing is performed, the thickness of the overlapping portion of the second pattern can be ensured, and the advantageous effect that a high-quality flexible printed wiring board having excellent printability and electrical characteristics can be provided is obtained.
【図1】(a)本発明の第1の実施の形態によるフレキ
シブル印刷配線基板の斜視図 (b)同断面図FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a flexible printed wiring board according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
【図2】(a)本発明の第2の実施の形態によるフレキ
シブル印刷配線基板の斜視図 (b)同断面図FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a flexible printed wiring board according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
【図3】本発明の第3の実施の形態によるフレキシブル
印刷配線基板の斜視図FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a flexible printed wiring board according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図4】本発明の第4の実施の形態によるフレキシブル
印刷配線基板の斜視図FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a flexible printed wiring board according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図5】(a)従来のフレキシブル印刷配線基板の斜視
図 (b)同断面図FIG. 5A is a perspective view of a conventional flexible printed wiring board, and FIG.
1 絶縁フィルム 10,12,14,16 第一パターン 10A,10B,12A,12B,14A,14B,1
6A,16B 端部 10C,10E 先端部 10D,10F 斜辺部分 11,13,15,17 第二パターン 11A,11B,13A,13B 重ね合わせ部1 Insulating film 10, 12, 14, 16 First pattern 10A, 10B, 12A, 12B, 14A, 14B, 1
6A, 16B End part 10C, 10E Tip part 10D, 10F Oblique side part 11, 13, 15, 17 Second pattern 11A, 11B, 13A, 13B Superposition part
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 尾▲崎▼ 卓生 大阪府門真市大字門真1006番地 松下電器 産業株式会社内 (72)発明者 田邉 功二 大阪府門真市大字門真1006番地 松下電器 産業株式会社内Front page continuation (72) Inventor O-saki ▼ Tasuku 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Kouji Tanabe, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
Claims (5)
と、第一パターン上に重ねて印刷形成した第一パターン
と同等以下の幅の第二パターンからなり、第一パターン
の重なり部分の端部を第二パターンの印刷方向に対して
傾斜させた形状としたフレキシブル印刷配線基板。1. An end of an overlapping portion of a first pattern, which comprises a first pattern printed on an insulating substrate and a second pattern having a width equal to or smaller than that of the first pattern formed by printing on the first pattern. A flexible printed wiring board having a shape in which a portion is inclined with respect to the printing direction of the second pattern.
三角形状または円弧状に突出したものである請求項1記
載のフレキシブル印刷配線基板。2. The flexible printed wiring board according to claim 1, wherein the end portion of the overlapping portion of the first pattern projects in a triangular shape or an arc shape.
三角形状または円弧状に窪んだものである請求項1記載
のフレキシブル印刷配線基板。3. The flexible printed wiring board according to claim 1, wherein the end portion of the overlapping portion of the first pattern is depressed in a triangular shape or an arc shape.
パターンの重なり部分の前部が窪んだ三角形状、後部が
突出した三角形状としたものである請求項1記載のフレ
キシブル印刷配線基板。4. The flexible printed wiring board according to claim 1, wherein a front portion of the overlapping portion of the first pattern has a depressed triangular shape and a rear portion thereof has a protruding triangular shape with respect to the printing direction of the second pattern. .
直線状としたものである請求項1記載のフレキシブル印
刷配線基板。5. The flexible printed wiring board according to claim 1, wherein the end portion of the overlapping portion of the first pattern has a linear shape.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP14252696A JPH09326538A (en) | 1996-06-05 | 1996-06-05 | Flexible printed wiring board |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP14252696A JPH09326538A (en) | 1996-06-05 | 1996-06-05 | Flexible printed wiring board |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH09326538A true JPH09326538A (en) | 1997-12-16 |
Family
ID=15317415
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP14252696A Pending JPH09326538A (en) | 1996-06-05 | 1996-06-05 | Flexible printed wiring board |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH09326538A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8377273B2 (en) | 2008-07-09 | 2013-02-19 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Gas sensor |
JP2013051069A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-14 | Denso Corp | Ceramic heater and gas sensor element using the same |
-
1996
- 1996-06-05 JP JP14252696A patent/JPH09326538A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8377273B2 (en) | 2008-07-09 | 2013-02-19 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Gas sensor |
JP2013051069A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-14 | Denso Corp | Ceramic heater and gas sensor element using the same |
US8841589B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2014-09-23 | Denso Corporation | Ceramic heater and gas sensor element |
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