JPH0319356B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention provides a method for excavating rock, etc., which can quickly and easily form tunnels, pits, etc. on the surface of an object to be excavated, such as rock or concrete, which has only one free surface. Regarding.

<Conventional technology> When excavating an object that has only one free surface, such as bedrock or concrete, or hard rock or reinforced concrete that has two free surfaces, it is necessary to drill holes in the surface of the object using a drilling machine in advance. After drilling and increasing the cross-sectional defect area and reducing the apparent strength,
The construction method used was to use breakers, etc. to crush the material.

In particular, when using the non-blasting tunnel construction method or when excavating rock in areas close to roads and railways, it is difficult to use explosives, so the above-mentioned method was adopted.

In addition, as a non-blast construction method, a crushing method using an expanding crushing agent slurry has been used in recent years.
For excavated objects with only one free surface, there is a large degree of restraint and it is difficult to crush, so various slit forming methods are used (grooving method, V-cut method, parent-child bit method, etc.), but in general, these methods are economical and difficult to crush. This method has not been adopted due to the construction period.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned problems in the conventional excavation method for rock, etc., which has only one free surface. To facilitate excavation work, the core of rock, concrete, etc. is cored by using the strain stress caused by drilling with a drilling machine and the expansion of an expandable crushing agent injected into the hole, and by applying impact force with a breaker, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for excavating rock, etc., for quickly and easily excavating a tunnel, pit, etc. into a predetermined shape of an object to be excavated.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses a drilling machine to drill a plurality of holes at predetermined intervals on the surface of an object to be excavated. After injecting and filling the expandable crushing agent slurry into some of the holes, strain stress is applied to the object to be excavated by the expansion pressure of the injected and filled expandable crushing agent slurry, and a striking force is applied to the object to be excavated. This method is characterized in that a part of the object to be excavated is cored in the shape of a groove or a column, and the object to be excavated is further excavated into a predetermined shape around the cored part.

In the method for excavating rock, etc., the holes to be drilled on the surface of the object to be excavated with a drilling machine are, for example, as shown in FIGS. A plurality of holes with a constant diameter r are bored in a periodic pattern at constant intervals t in the column direction.

Also, among the plurality of holes drilled in this way, the hole into which the expandable crushing agent is to be injected is determined according to the shape of the core, for example, as shown in Fig. 1 A, B, ..., E. Then, an expandable crushing agent is periodically injected into each of two or more rows of holes adjacent to the outer extension of the cored part or a fixed number of holes in each row (● marks indicate expansion crushing agent injection). Filled holes, Γ symbol represents voids.)

<Function> As described above, on the surface of the object to be excavated such as rock, the holes created by the drilling machine (holes other than the holes filled with the expandable crushing agent slurry) and the strain stress due to the expansion pressure of the injected expandable crushing agent and the hydraulic breaker. It is possible to easily core the object to be excavated by using a striking force such as a drill.

As a result, the widening and excavation work after coring is facilitated by improving the breaker efficiency through the use of breakers, expandable crushing agents, or holes.

<Examples> Next, typical examples of the present invention will be described.

Example 1 Construction work to excavate a trench 1.5 m wide and 1.4 m deep for burying a cable in a granite area with an unconfined compressive strength of 1800 Kg/cm ² will be explained.

Holes a, b, c, ..., e are placed in each row of Figure 2, No. 1 to No. 6, respectively, in the trench excavated part of the granite area.
After drilling with a diameter of 65 mm, hole length of 1.5 m, and hole spacing of 30 cm,
Among these 33 holes, a static crushing agent (trade name: "Blystar"; manufactured by Onoda Cement Co., Ltd.) was mixed with 30% water in the holes in the No. 3 and No. 4 rows. When the obtained slurry was injected and filled, cracks of 0.5 to 1.0 cm were generated around the filling hole after 15 hours. Immediately use a large hydraulic breaker, No. 1 to No. 2
Or, when blows were applied sequentially centering on the drilled holes in rows No. 5 and No. 6, the crushing efficiency was 12 m ³ / hour, and 1
It was possible to excavate 28 meters a day.

Example 2 At the same construction site where the construction in Example 1 was carried out, the opposing holes a, a: b, b: c, c: d between the No. 3 and No. 4 rows shown in Figure 2 were , dThe blister slurry was injected and filled into a total of 8 holes in the same manner as in Example 1, and crushed with a large hydraulic breaker after 20 hours.
It became possible to crush the area with a crushing efficiency of 10 to 12 m ³ /hour. This crushing created two free surfaces, so in the subsequent trench extension crushing work, the crushing efficiency was improved to 4 to 6 m ³ /hour using a large hydraulic breaker.

Example 3 In tunnel excavation work in an andesite area with an unconfined compressive strength of 1200 to 1600 Kg/cm ² , a large hydraulic crawler drill (CD-3 type, manufactured by Tokyo Ryuuki) was used to drill a hole with a diameter of 65 mm in the center of the cross section of the tunnel face. As shown in Figure 3, a hole with a length of 2.5m is 1.5m x 0.75mm.
Immediately after drilling 28 holes tilted downward at an angle of 10 degrees with a hole spacing of 25 cm within an area of m, No. 1, No.
A crushing agent slurry made by mixing a static crushing agent (trade name "Blystar", manufactured by Onoda Cement Co., Ltd.) at a water ratio of 25% was injected into the two rows of holes using a pump, and then filled in for 10 minutes. After some time, we crushed it by impact using a large hydraulic breaker, and it broke in 30 minutes, making it possible to remove the core.

In the widening and crushing work after core removal, 2
Since a free surface is set, the conventional method involves drilling holes with an expanded hole interval of 40 to 80 cm and then hitting them with a large hydraulic breaker, or widening and crushing using a hydraulic rock splitter and static crushing agent. Crushing work will proceed using the construction method.

In addition, at the same site, when impact crushing was performed on holes drilled with a similar drilling pattern without using a static crushing agent, 2.
It took 30 minutes.

Comparative Example Similarly to Example 1, in a granite area with an unconfined compressive strength of 1800 Kg/cm ² , when excavating a trench with a width of 1.5 m and a depth of 1.4 m, the rock fractured part was drilled using a crawler drill with a hole diameter of 65 cm. When holes 1.5 m long were drilled at 30 cm intervals and the holes were struck with a large hydraulic breaker, it was possible to excavate only 12 m per day at a rate of 2 m ³ /hour.

<Effects of the Invention> As is clear from the above explanation, a plurality of holes are drilled at predetermined intervals with a drilling machine on the surface of a hard object to be excavated, such as rock or concrete. After injecting an expanding crushing agent into only a part of the area, stress is applied due to the expansion pressure of this crushing agent, and a striking force is applied to the object to be excavated. In comparison, crushing efficiency and excavation work can be extremely high.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1A to 1E are explanatory diagrams showing the drilling pattern and the procedure for injecting the expandable crushing agent slurry in accordance with the method of excavating rock, etc. of the present invention, and FIG. The procedure explanatory diagram, FIG. 3, is another embodiment diagram showing the procedure for drilling a hole in an object to be excavated.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Drill multiple holes at predetermined intervals on the surface of the object to be excavated using a drilling machine, inject and fill some of the holes among the drilled holes, and then perform the injection and filling. Applying strain stress to the object to be excavated by the expansion pressure of the expandable crushing agent, and applying a striking force to the object to be excavated, cores a part of the object to be excavated into a groove or column shape, and further cores around the cored part. A method for excavating rock, etc., characterized by excavating an object to be excavated into a predetermined shape.