JP6461790B2 - 最小面積モノリシックcmosイメージセンサを用いたカメラシステム - Google Patents
最小面積モノリシックcmosイメージセンサを用いたカメラシステム Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0077—Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
- A61B1/000095—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope for image enhancement
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
- A61B1/051—Details of CCD assembly
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/313—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes
- A61B1/3132—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes for laparoscopy
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- A61B1/313—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes
- A61B1/317—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes for bones or joints, e.g. osteoscopes, arthroscopes
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- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
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- H04N7/181—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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- H04N23/50—Constructional details
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- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
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- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Endoscopes (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Description
関連出願の相互参照
本出願は、本明細書の以下で特に現れる部分を非限定的に含み、それらの全体が本明細書に組み込まれる2012年7月26日に出願した米国特許仮出願第61/676,289号、および2013年3月15日に出願した米国特許仮出願第61/790,590号の利益を主張するものであり、参照による組み込みは以下を例外とし、すなわち上述の出願のいずれかの部分が本出願と矛盾する場合は、本出願が前記上述の出願に優先する。
x’i=xi−L+B
ただし、Lは「黒クランプ」モジュールからポートされた、現在のラインに対するラインオフセット推定、およびBは黒クランプ目標レベルとすることができる。
Claims (58)
- 閉じられた(closed)光環境(light environment)において使用するための内視鏡(endoscopic)装置であって、
手持ち(hand holding)構造体(structure)、
本体(body)の第1の端部に内腔基部(lumen base)によって取り付けられた内腔(lumen)、および
前記本体の前記内腔基部と反対側の前記内腔の先端部(tip portion)
を備える、内視鏡本体と、
前記先端部の最も遠位の部分(distal most portion)に配置されたレンズと、
前記内腔の前記先端部近くに配置された撮像センサであって、
電磁放射を検出するための画素の配列、
前記画素配列によって発生されるデータを送信するための転送(transfer)ポート、
アナログ画素データをデジタルデータに変換するためのデジタイザ、
前記画素配列によって発生される前記データに対するオフセット制御をもたらすための黒クランプ回路、および
前記撮像センサと、前記撮像センサから遠隔に配置された画像信号処理回路との間の電気的通信をもたらす電気的接続部
を備える撮像センサと
を備え、
前記画素配列がアクティブ画素および光学黒画素を備え、前記光学黒画素は複数の列に構成され、前記画素配列内で前記アクティブ画素に隣接した光学黒行を含まず、
前記内視鏡装置は複数の制御レジスタをさらに備え、前記制御レジスタはシフトレジスタによってロードされるデジタルラッチであり、
前記シフトレジスタの1つがフレームごとのパラメータ変化に専用化される、内視鏡装置。 - 前記アクティブ画素および前記光学黒画素は前記画素配列からの出力を較正する、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記光学黒画素は前記画素配列内で前記アクティブ画素に隣接した列に構成される、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサが単一のデジタイザを備える、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサが複数のデジタイザを備える、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサが単一の出力ポートを備える、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサが複数の出力ポートを備える、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記光学黒画素の列が、光学黒列の数を低減するために複数回サンプルされる、請求項3に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記光学黒画素は前記画素配列内で前記アクティブ画素に隣接した列に構成され、前記光学黒画素の列は前記撮像センサの右側および左側に構成される、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサの右側の前記光学黒列の1つが複数回サンプルされる、請求項9に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサの左側の前記光学黒列の1つが複数回サンプルされる、請求項9に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサの右側の前記光学黒列の1つが複数回サンプルされ、前記撮像センサの左側の前記光学黒列の1つが複数回サンプルされる、請求項9に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサの右側の複数の前記光学黒列が複数回サンプルされる、請求項9に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサの左側の複数の前記光学黒列が複数回サンプルされる、請求項9に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサの右側の複数の前記光学黒列が複数回サンプルされ、前記撮像センサの左側の複数の前記光学黒列が複数回サンプルされる、請求項9に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記黒クランプ回路が前記撮像センサに対して遠隔に配置される、請求項1に記載の内
視鏡装置。 - 前記装置が前記黒クランプ回路を制御するためのコマンドインターフェースをさらに備える、請求項16に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記黒クランプ回路がデジタル−アナログ変換器によって発生される電圧を検出する、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記黒クランプ回路がチャージポンプによって発生される電圧を検出する、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 撮像センサ補正の一部分が前記撮像センサに対して遠隔に配置される、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 撮像センサ補正のすべてが前記撮像センサに対して遠隔に配置される、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記シフトレジスタの長さは任意である、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記シフトレジスタがシリアル、2線式プロトコルを用いてロードされる、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサが複数の画素配列を備え、前記複数の画素配列は3次元画像を生成するために用いられる、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記撮像センサが前記画素配列を備える第1の基板と、前記画素配列のためのサポート回路を備える第2の基板とをさらに備え、前記サポート回路を備える前記第2の基板は、前記画素配列を備える前記第1の基板から遠隔に配置される、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記第1の基板が前記第2の基板に対して垂直に整列される、請求項25に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記光学黒画素は前記画素配列内で前記アクティブ画素に隣接した列に構成され、前記光学黒画素の列はラインオフセットを計算するために複数回サンプルされる、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記光学黒画素は前記画素配列内で前記アクティブ画素に隣接した複数の列に構成され、前記複数の列は前記黒クランプ回路、および画像信号プロセッサによって行われる黒クランプ計算のための、ベースライン黒レベルを計算するために用いられる、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記黒クランプ計算が前記デジタイザに先行する電圧オフセットを制御するために用いられ、単純指数平滑法(SES)を用いてデータのフレーム全体内の全体的なオフセットを決定するために、複数のラインオフセットを用いる、請求項28に記載の内視鏡装置。
- イメージセンサによって発生される固定パターンノイズを補償するためにメモリ記憶された2次元フレームデータをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記2次元フレームデータが暗フレーム捕捉から導き出される、請求項30に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 前記暗フレーム捕捉が放射源をパルス化しないことによって容易にされる、請求項31に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 画素オフセットが前記暗フレーム捕捉に対する単純指数平滑法によって算出される、請求項31に記載の内視鏡装置。
- 周辺光が不足(ambient light deficient)した環境におけるデジタル撮像のためのシステムであって、
電磁放射を検出するための撮像センサであって、
電磁放射を検出するための画素の配列と、
前記画素配列によって発生されるデータを送信するための転送ポートと、
アナログ画素サンプルをデジタル数に変換するためのデジタイザと、
前記画素配列によって発生される前記データに対するオフセット制御をもたらすための黒クランプ回路と
を備える、撮像センサと、
前記周辺光が不足した環境にアクセスするための内視鏡と、
前記内視鏡に取り付けられたハンドピースであって、前記ハンドピースを操ることによって前記内視鏡を操作することができる、ハンドピースと、
プロセッサを備える制御ユニットであって、前記撮像センサと電気的に通信することができる、制御ユニットと、
前記ハンドピースと前記制御ユニットを電気的に接続する接続ケーブルと
を備え、
前記画素配列がアクティブ画素および光学黒画素を備え、前記光学黒画素は複数の列に構成され、前記画素配列内で前記アクティブ画素に隣接した光学黒行を含まず、
前記システムはトップレベル事象(event)1ビットコマンドのために用いられるコマンドレジスタをさらに備える、システム。 - 前記画素配列が前記画素配列からの出力を較正するためのアクティブ画素および光学黒画素を備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記光学黒画素が、前記画素配列内でアクティブ画素に隣接した列に構成される、請求項35に記載のシステム。
- 前記画素配列から遠隔に配置することができる、黒クランプ制御プロセスをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記画素配列によって生成され得る画像データを処理するためのプログラマブルゲートアレイをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 50個より少ない数の光学黒画素列をさらに備え、それによりそれらは精度をもたらすために前記システムの動作内で再サンプルすることができる、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記光学黒画素の列は、前記アクティブ画素列の互いに対向する第1の側および第2の側に均一に配置されている請求項35に記載のシステム。
- 前記光学黒画素の列は、前記アクティブ画素列の互いに対向する第1の側および第2の側に不均一に配置されている、請求項35に記載のシステム。
- 光学的黒画素によって受け取られた前記データを平均化し、前記平均を前記システム内のメモリに記憶された所定の目標値と比較する、黒クランプ制御プロセスをさらに備える、請求項35に記載のシステム。
- フレーム全体に対する1組の測定された補正されていないラインオフセットを累積する
ためのメモリをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。 - 暗電流を補償するための電圧を制御するためのデジタル−アナログ変換回路をさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 暗電流を補償するための電圧を制御するためのチャージポンプ回路をさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 複数のレジスタをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記トップレベル事象(event)1ビットコマンドは、チップリセットまたは他のレジスタに対するロードである、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記ハンドピースに対して遠位の部分において、前記内視鏡内に配置されたイメージセンサをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記ハンドピースに配置されたイメージセンサをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 放射源から前記内視鏡の先端まで光ファイバを通して伝送される、電磁放射のパルスを放射するための前記放射源をさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 発光源から前記内視鏡に電磁放射を伝送するための光ファイバと、前記制御ユニットからイメージセンサへの電子的通信をもたらすための導電性の線材とを備えたケーブルをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記制御ユニット内に配置され、発光源および前記撮像センサと電気的に通信するコントローラをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記ハンドピース内に配置され、発光源および前記撮像センサと電気的に通信するイメージセンサをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 放射源に結合されたイメージセンサをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 各ライン内の1組の光学黒画素を用いて測定されたライン平均を差し引くことによってラインノイズを補正するための、遠隔に処理されるアルゴリズムをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 画素データを送信するための複数の転送ポートをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 複数のデジタイザをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
- 前記画素配列に対して遠隔に配置されたデジタイザをさらに備える、請求項34に記載のシステム。
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US20170094139A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 |
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BR112015001369A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
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HK1207550A1 (en) | 2016-02-05 |
IL236894A0 (en) | 2015-03-31 |
US11089192B2 (en) | 2021-08-10 |
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