JP6170910B2 - 液体燃料組成物 - Google Patents
液体燃料組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6170910B2 JP6170910B2 JP2014513162A JP2014513162A JP6170910B2 JP 6170910 B2 JP6170910 B2 JP 6170910B2 JP 2014513162 A JP2014513162 A JP 2014513162A JP 2014513162 A JP2014513162 A JP 2014513162A JP 6170910 B2 JP6170910 B2 JP 6170910B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- group
- acid
- liquid fuel
- gasoline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 177
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 161
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 69
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- -1 poly (hydroxycarboxyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005262 alkoxyamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 79
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 48
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 46
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 44
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 44
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 42
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 39
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 38
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 30
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
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- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 24
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 23
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical class NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 20
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 17
- VJECBOKJABCYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N doxazosin mesylate Chemical compound [H+].CS([O-])(=O)=O.C1OC2=CC=CC=C2OC1C(=O)N(CC1)CCN1C1=NC(N)=C(C=C(C(OC)=C2)OC)C2=N1 VJECBOKJABCYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
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- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 11
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
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- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 9
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 9
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 229950003621 butoxylate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- MQWDTXAOPTYTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 1-(3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl)-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CC(C(=O)OCCCC)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCN1CCC(C#N)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MQWDTXAOPTYTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 8
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 6
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 6
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 5
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
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- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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Description
(a)内燃機関での使用に適したベース燃料;
(b)1種またはそれより多くの粘度調整剤から選択される第一の燃料添加剤であり:
(i)27cStまたはそれ未満の100℃における動粘性率;および
(ii)100質量%、好ましくは20質量%またはそれ未満の250℃におけるNOACK揮発性を有する、燃料添加剤;ならびに
(c)1種またはそれより多くの摩擦調節剤から選択される第二の燃料添加剤
を含む、上記液体燃料組成物を提供する。
(a)内燃機関での使用に適したベース燃料;
(b)1種またはそれより多くの粘度調整剤から選択される第一の燃料添加剤であり:
(i)27cStまたはそれ未満の100℃における動粘性率;および
(ii)100質量%、好ましくは20質量%またはそれ未満の250℃におけるNOACK揮発性を有する、燃料添加剤;ならびに
(c)1種またはそれより多くの摩擦調節剤から選択される第二の燃料添加剤、
を含む、上記方法を提供する。
(i)22cStまたはそれ未満;
(ii)17cStまたはそれ未満;
(iii)13cStまたはそれ未満;
(iv)10cStまたはそれ未満;
(v)8cStまたはそれ未満;
(vi)6cStまたはそれ未満;
(vii)5.5cStまたはそれ未満;
(viii)少なくとも2cSt;
(ix)少なくとも3cSt;
(x)少なくとも3.5cSt;
(xi)少なくとも4cSt;
(xii)少なくとも4.5cSt。
(i)少なくとも10ppmw
(ii)少なくとも20ppmw
(iii)少なくとも30ppmw
(iv)少なくとも40ppmw
(v)少なくとも50ppmw
(vi)少なくとも100ppmw
(vii)少なくとも200ppmw
(viii)少なくとも300ppmw
(ix)少なくとも400ppmw
(x)少なくとも500ppmw
(xi)少なくとも600ppmw
(xii)少なくとも700ppmw
(xiii)少なくとも800ppmw
(xiv)少なくとも900ppmw
(xv)少なくとも1000ppmw
(xvi)少なくとも2500ppmw
(xvii)最大で5000ppmw
(xviii)最大で10000ppmw
(xix)最大で2質量%。
(xx)最大で5質量%。
(i)少なくとも25ppmw
(ii)少なくとも50ppmw
(iii)少なくとも75ppmw
(iv)少なくとも100ppmw
(v)少なくとも150ppmw
(vi)少なくとも200ppmw
(vii)少なくとも300ppmw
(viii)少なくとも400ppmw
(ix)少なくとも500ppmw
(x)少なくとも750ppmw
(xi)少なくとも1000ppmw
(xii)少なくとも2500ppmw
(xiii)最大で5000ppmw
(xiv)最大で10000ppmw
(xv)最大で2質量%
(xvi)最大で5質量%。
[Y−CO[O−A−CO]n−Zr−R+]mpXq− (III)
で示されるポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)アミド塩誘導体であり、式中Yは、水素か、または任意に置換されたヒドロカルビル基であり、Aは、2価の任意に置換されたヒドロカルビル基であり、nは、1〜100であり、mは、1〜4であり、qは、1〜4であり、pは、pq=mになるような整数であり、Zは、任意に置換された2価の架橋基であり、該架橋基は、窒素原子を介してカルボニル基と結合しており、rは、0または1であり、R+は、アンモニウム基であり、Xq−は、アニオンである。
Y−CO[O−A−CO]n−OH (I)
(式中Yは、水素または任意に置換されたヒドロカルビル基であり、Aは、2価の任意に置換されたヒドロカルビル基であり、nは、1〜100である)で示されるポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)と、酸または四級化剤との反応により得てもよい。
HO−A−COOH (II)
(式中Aは、2価の任意に置換されたヒドロカルビル基である)で示されるヒドロキシカルボン酸のエステル交換によって製造してもよい。このような方法は、例えば、US3996059、GB1373660、およびGB1342746で説明されている。
[Y−CO[O−A−CO]n−Zr]S−X (Va)
を有する末端酸基を有するポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)誘導体であり、式中Y、A、Z、およびRは、上記で式(III)で示された定義(あらゆる選択肢およびそれらの任意の置換基を含む)と同じ定義を有し、mは、1または2であり、Xは、末端酸基または末端酸基を有する基であり、ここで末端酸基は、カルボン酸、カルボキシメチル、硫酸塩、スルホン酸塩、リン酸塩、およびホスホン酸塩から選択される。
式(I)で示されるポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)の末端カルボン酸基と反応性を有する基と、カルボン酸、カルボキシメチル、硫酸塩、スルホン酸塩、リン酸塩、およびホスホン酸塩から選択される末端酸基とを有する化合物;
上記末端酸基の前駆体;または
後で上記末端酸基の前駆体と反応する二官能性の連結化合物、
との反応により得てもよい。
上記末端酸基の前駆体;または
後で上記末端酸基の前駆体と反応する二官能性の連結化合物、
と、式(I)で示されるポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)との反応は公知であり、当業界において例えばEP0164817で説明されている。
[Y−CO[O−A−CO]n−Zp]m−X (VII)
を有する末端アミン基を有するポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)誘導体であり、式中Y、A、およびnは、あらゆる選択肢および任意の置換基など上記で式(III)に関して定義された通りであり、mは、1または2であり、Zは、任意に置換された2価の架橋基であり、pは、0〜10であり、Xは、末端アミン基、または末端アミン基を有する基であり、ここで該末端アミン基は、−NR1 2から選択され、式中R1は、独立して、水素およびC1〜C6ヒドロカルビル基から選択される。
式(I)で示されるポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)の末端カルボン酸基と反応性を有する基と上記で定義されたような末端アミン基とを含む化合物;
上記末端アミン基の前駆体;または
後で上記末端アミン基の前駆体と反応する二官能性の連結化合物、
との反応により得てもよい。
上記末端アミン基の前駆体;または
後で上記末端アミン基の前駆体と反応する二官能性の連結化合物、
と、式(I)で示されるポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)との反応は当業界公知であり、例えばEP0164817で説明されている。
(i)少なくとも100ppmw
(ii)少なくとも200ppmw
(iii)少なくとも300ppmw
(iv)少なくとも400ppmw
(v)少なくとも500ppmw
(vi)少なくとも600ppmw
(vii)少なくとも700ppmw
(viii)少なくとも800ppmw
(ix)少なくとも900ppmw
(x)少なくとも1000ppmw
(xi)少なくとも2500ppmw
(xii)最大で5000ppmw
(xiii)最大で10000ppmw
(xiv)最大で2質量%
(xv)最大で5質量%。
(A1)最大6個の窒素原子を有し、そのうち少なくとも1個の窒素原子が塩基性の特性を有するモノまたはポリアミノ基;
(A6)末端に、ヒドロキシル基、少なくとも1個の窒素原子が塩基性の特性を有するモノもしくはポリアミノ基、またはカルバメート基を有するポリオキシ−C2〜C4−アルキレン基;
(A8)無水コハク酸から誘導され、ヒドロキシル、および/またはアミノ、および/またはアミド、および/またはイミド基を有する部分;および/または
(A9)アルデヒドを有する置換されたフェノールとモノまたはポリアミンとのマンニッヒ反応により得られた部分、
とを有する。
モノまたはポリアミノ基(A1)を含む添加剤は、好ましくは、ポリプロペンをベースとするポリアルケンモノもしくはポリアルケンポリアミン、または従来の(すなわち主として内部二重結合を有する)300〜5000のMnを有するポリブテンもしくはポリイソブテンである。このような添加剤の製造において主として(通常、ベータおよびガンマ位に)内部二重結合を有するポリブテンまたはポリイソブテンが出発原料として用いられる場合、考えられる製造経路は、塩素化およびそれに続くアミノ化によるか、あるいは空気またはオゾンで二重結合を酸化して、カルボニルまたはカルボキシル化合物を得て、続いて還元(水素化)条件下でアミノ化することによる経路である。この場合に用いられるアミノ化のためのアミンは、例えば、アンモニア、モノアミンもしくはポリアミン、例えばジメチルアミノプロピルアミン、エチレンジアミン、ジエチレン−トリアミン、トリエチレンテトラミンまたはテトラエチレンペンタミンであってもよい。それに相当するポリプロペンをベースとする添加剤は、具体的にはWO−A−94/24231で説明されている。
例えば:
−Danping WeiおよびH.A. Spikesによる論文、「The Lubricity of Diesel Fuels」、Wear、III (1986) 217〜235;
−WO−A−95/33805−低硫黄含量燃料の潤滑性を強化するためのコールドフロー促進剤;
−US−A−5490864−低硫黄含量のディーゼル燃料のための磨耗を防止する潤滑添加剤としての所定のジチオリン酸ジエステル−ジアルコール;および
−WO−A−98/01516−特に低硫黄含量のディーゼル燃料に磨耗を防止する潤滑作用を付与するための、少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基が芳香族核に取り付けられた所定のアルキル芳香族化合物、
が挙げられる。
−内燃機関での使用に適したベース燃料;および
−少なくとも1種の燃料添加剤であり:
(i)27cStまたはそれ未満の100℃における動粘性率;および
(ii)100質量%、好ましくは20質量%またはそれ未満の250℃におけるNOACK揮発性を有する、燃料添加剤;ならびに
−少なくとも1種の摩擦調節剤、
を含む、上記方法を提供する。
本発明に係る潤滑油組成物は、ベースの流体として潤滑油を含んでおり、エンジンクランクケースの潤滑剤として使用するのに適している。
以下の実施例において、3種の市販の摩擦調節剤(FM)が用いられた:
FM10−これは、WO2009/50287の実施例4のような、モル比3:1のオレイン酸とアミノエチルエタノールアミンとの反応生成物である。
VCA2−シェブロン(Chevron)から市販されているシンフルイドPAO−5である。
第一の燃料添加剤および第二の燃料添加剤として用いることができる多数の市販の成分の組成および特性を以下に示す。実施例2〜5では、これらの所定の成分が用いられた。
ガソリンで試験できるように改変したHFRR(ISO12156)法を用いて生成物1〜18を試験した。改変されたHFRR試験を用いて、ガソリン組成物の潤滑性を決定した。改変されたHFRR試験は、ISO12156−1に基づき、PCS装置ガソリン変換キットが追加されたPCS装置HFRRを用いて、さらに15.0ml(±0.2ml)の流体の体積、25.0℃(±1℃)の流体温度を用いてなされ、ここで試験サンプルを覆って蒸発を最小に抑えるために、PTFEカバーが用いられた。
5種のモデルの自動車それぞれ3台ずつ(表3を参照)で、混成型の路上走行様式で累計走行距離10,000マイルを走破した。これらの自動車は、標準規格EN228を満たす標準ULG95のエタノール非含有のベース燃料を使用した。それぞれのケースにおいて、ベース燃料を同じ市販の洗浄添加剤パッケージで前処理し、加えて各燃料に試験添加剤を表4で詳述された濃度で入れた。
添加剤の潤滑剤への移動を研究するために2種の燃料を試験した。
ベンチエンジン試験を用いて、実施例4で行われたようにして添加剤および添加剤の組み合わせの蓄積を模擬するために、エンジンの油だめ中の潤滑剤に直接投入した様々な添加剤の燃料消費および燃料経済性の利益を、それらが投入されていない潤滑剤の利益と比較した。この試験では、フォードのゼテック(Zetec)1.988リットルの直列4気筒DOHCガソリンエンジンを用いた。用いられた燃料は、EN228低硫黄含量E5ガソリンであった。用いられた潤滑剤は、シェルのへリックス5W−30またはシェルのへリックス・プラス10W40であった。
Claims (8)
- (a)内燃機関での使用に適したベース燃料、前記ベース燃料はガソリンまたはディーゼル燃料であり;
(b)1種またはそれより多くの粘度調整剤から選択される第一の燃料添加剤であり:
(i)27cStまたはそれ未満の100℃における動粘性率;および
(ii)100質量%またはそれ未満の250℃におけるNOACK揮発性を有する、燃料添加剤;ならびに
(c)1種またはそれより多くの摩擦調節剤から選択される第二の燃料添加剤
を含み、前記1種またはそれより多くの摩擦調節剤がポリ(ヒドロキシカルボキシル)酸アミド塩誘導体;末端酸基を有するポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)誘導体;ポリ(ヒドロキシカルボン酸)誘導体;ポリエーテルアミン;アルコキシアミンのエステルまたは窒素誘導体;アルコキシル化アミドまたはエステル;およびアルコキシル化アミンから選択され、
前記第一の燃料添加剤が100℃での動粘度が2cStであるポリアルファオレフィンである、液体燃料組成物であり、かつ前記液体燃料組成物がガソリン組成物またはディーゼル燃料組成物である、前記液体燃料組成物。 - 前記液体燃料組成物中に存在する第二の燃料添加剤の量が、液体燃料組成物の全質量に基づいて、少なくとも10ppmwである、請求項1に記載の液体燃料組成物。
- 前記液体燃料組成物中に存在する第二の燃料添加剤の量が、液体燃料組成物の全質量に基づいて、最大で2質量%である、請求項1または2に記載の液体燃料組成物。
- 前記第一の燃料添加剤が、17cStまたはそれ未満の100℃における動粘性率を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の液体燃料組成物。
- 前記第一の燃料添加剤が、2cSt〜8cStの範囲の100℃における動粘性率を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の液体燃料組成物。
- 前記液体燃料組成物中に存在する第一の燃料添加剤の量が、前記液体燃料組成物の質量に基づき5ppmw〜2質量%の範囲である、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の液体燃料組成物。
- 前記ベース燃料が、ガソリンである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の液体燃料組成物。
- 内燃機関の燃料経済性能を改善する方法であって、前記方法は、潤滑剤を含む内燃機関に、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の液体燃料組成物を注入することを含む、上記方法。
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AU2009275892B2 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2013-09-12 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Liquid fuel compositions |
US8633142B2 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2014-01-21 | Shell Oil Company | Poly (hydroxycarboxylic acid) amide salt derivative and lubricating composition containing it |
US8697924B2 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2014-04-15 | Shell Oil Company | Liquid fuel compositions |
GB0909351D0 (en) | 2009-06-01 | 2009-07-15 | Innospec Ltd | Improvements in efficiency |
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2012
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- 2012-05-30 BR BR112013030723A patent/BR112013030723A2/pt active Search and Examination
- 2012-05-30 JP JP2014513162A patent/JP6170910B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-05-30 EP EP12729033.6A patent/EP2714859B1/en active Active
- 2012-05-30 AU AU2012264768A patent/AU2012264768A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-05-30 RU RU2013157377/04A patent/RU2013157377A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-05-30 MY MYPI2013702215A patent/MY169491A/en unknown
- 2012-05-30 CN CN201280026302.5A patent/CN103562360B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-05-30 CA CA2837413A patent/CA2837413A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-05-30 TR TR2019/02869T patent/TR201902869T4/tr unknown
- 2012-05-30 WO PCT/EP2012/060085 patent/WO2012163935A2/en unknown
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Also Published As
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JP2014515428A (ja) | 2014-06-30 |
MY169491A (en) | 2019-04-15 |
CN103562360A (zh) | 2014-02-05 |
CA2837413A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
RU2013157377A (ru) | 2015-07-10 |
US20140338624A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
AU2012264768A1 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
TR201902869T4 (tr) | 2019-03-21 |
EP2714859A2 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
CN103562360B (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
WO2012163935A2 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
BR112013030723A2 (pt) | 2016-12-06 |
EP2714859B1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
WO2012163935A3 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
US20120304531A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
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