JP5841933B2 - 新規吸着剤、その製造方法およびその使用 - Google Patents
新規吸着剤、その製造方法およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5841933B2 JP5841933B2 JP2012506466A JP2012506466A JP5841933B2 JP 5841933 B2 JP5841933 B2 JP 5841933B2 JP 2012506466 A JP2012506466 A JP 2012506466A JP 2012506466 A JP2012506466 A JP 2012506466A JP 5841933 B2 JP5841933 B2 JP 5841933B2
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- Prior art keywords
- zirconium
- adsorbent
- zirconium oxide
- antimony
- solution
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- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical group [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N technetium atom Chemical compound [Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 antimony anion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910007926 ZrCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001439 antimony ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012500 ion exchange media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000350 zirconium(IV) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#C)C(OC)=C1 IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000667653 Duta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TXTQARDVRPFFHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sb].[H][H] Chemical compound [Sb].[H][H] TXTQARDVRPFFHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)Cl FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LBBZUYKIFNKVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+) stiborate Chemical compound [Sb]([O-])([O-])([O-])=O.[Sb+3] LBBZUYKIFNKVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009296 electrodeionization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001983 electron spin resonance imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001411 inorganic cation Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UETZVSHORCDDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] UETZVSHORCDDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010857 liquid radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LRVUGEZGBKPRRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+);dichloride Chemical compound [O-2].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Zr+4] LRVUGEZGBKPRRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006152 selective media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012612 static experiment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(4+) ion Chemical compound [Zr+4] GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J41/00—Anion exchange; Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/08—Use of material as anion exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the anion exchange properties
- B01J41/10—Inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G25/00—Compounds of zirconium
- C01G25/02—Oxides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/02—Amorphous compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
- C01P2002/54—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants one element only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/422—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using anionic exchangers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Description
ジルコニウム化合物を1より低いpHの水性媒体に溶解し、ジルコニウム含有溶液を形成するステップ;
塩基を添加することにより溶液のpHを少なくとも2の値まで上昇させるステップ;
酸化ジルコニウムからなる沈殿物を沈殿させるステップ;
酸化ジルコニウム沈殿物を洗浄するステップ;および
酸化ジルコニウムを回収するステップ
の組み合わせを含む方法を提供する。
アンチモン含有水溶液を酸化ジルコニウムと接触させ、アンチモンを酸化ジルコニウムと結合させ、低アンチモン含量の水溶液をもたらすステップ、および
水溶液を酸化ジルコニウムから分離するステップ
を含むが、酸化ジルコニウムは基本的に少なくとも10,000ml/g、とくに少なくとも100,000ml/gのアンチモンの分配係数を有する酸化ジルコニウムの粒子または顆粒で構成されるアニオン吸着剤またはイオン交換体を含む。
ただの酸化Zr物質またはアンチモンをドープした酸化Zr物質を生成することが可能である。アンチモンのドープは過テクネチウム酸塩の十分な除去に必要である。
ZrCl4を一定の撹拌下で3M鉱酸(HClまたはHNO3、H2SO4も可)中に溶解した。ジルコニウム溶液のpHを、濃アンモニア(25%〜30%)をゆっくり/一滴ずつ添加してpHが2〜9の範囲内となるまで上昇させ、撹拌を30分間継続した。スラリーを30分間置いて沈殿させ、透明な浮遊物を排出した。等量の蒸留水を添加することによりスラリーを洗浄し、撹拌を5分間加えた。スラリーを60分間置いて沈殿させ、透明な浮遊物を排出した。洗浄手順を、60分の沈殿時間後の浮遊物がわずかに濁ったままとなり、浮遊物とスラリーとの間の界面が明確でなくなるまで継続した。わずかに濁った浮遊物を排出し、スラリーを観察ガラスにおいて生成物が乾燥するまで48時間70℃で乾燥させ、硬質な粒子を形成した。物質は図1aにおいて示すようにXRD分析下でアモルファスであることを見出した。
ZrCl4を一定の撹拌下で3M鉱酸(HClまたはHNO3、H2SO4も可)中に溶解した。1%〜50%(原子%)のドーピング元素、塩化アンチモン(III)を溶液に添加し、15分間置いて溶解した。ジルコニウム/アンチモン溶液のpHを、濃アンモニア(25%〜30%)をゆっくり/一滴ずつ添加してpHが2〜9の範囲内となるまで上昇させ、撹拌を30分間継続した。スラリーを30分間置いて沈殿させ、透明な浮遊物を排出した。等量の蒸留水を添加することによりスラリーを洗浄し、撹拌を5分間加えた。スラリーを60分間置いて沈殿させ、透明な浮遊物を排出した。洗浄手順を、60分の沈殿時間後の浮遊物がわずかに濁ったままとなり、浮遊物とスラリーとの間の界面が明確でなくなるまで継続した。わずかに濁った浮遊物を排出し、スラリーを観察ガラスにおいて生成物が乾燥するまで48時間70℃で乾燥させ、硬質な粒子を形成した。物質は図1bから明らかとなるようにXRD分析下でアモルファスであることを見出した。
酸化ジルコニウム物質は広く模擬および実際の放射性廃液を用いる124Sb、125Sbおよび99Tcの除去について試験されている。試験は静的および動的条件で行われている。静的実験では、分配係数、kdは放射性核種について決定されている。Aが放射性オキソアニオン(例えば124Sb(OH)4 −)であり、Bが固体マトリクスR+(ここでは簡単にするためアニオンは一価であると仮定する)に付着した交換性アニオン(例えばCl−)であるイオン交換
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Claims (15)
- 少なくとも10,000ml/gのアンチモンアニオンの分配係数を有する酸化ジルコニウムの粒子または顆粒を含む、アンチモンアニオンの吸着剤であって、
Sb(III)のドーピング金属イオンをさらに含む、吸着剤。 - 10nm〜100umの範囲内の平均粒径を有する粒子からなり、1時間当たり100〜10,000ベッド体積の流速を有する、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- 0.1〜2mmの平均粒径を有する顆粒からなり、1時間当たり10〜50ベッド体積の流速を有する、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- ジルコニウム化合物を1より低いpHの水性媒体に溶解し、ジルコニウム含有溶液を形成するステップ;
塩基を添加することにより該溶液のpHを少なくとも2の値まで上昇させるステップ;
酸化ジルコニウムを含む沈殿物を沈殿させるステップ;
該酸化ジルコニウム沈殿物を洗浄するステップ;および
該酸化ジルコニウムを回収するステップ
を含む方法により得られる、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の吸着剤。 - アモルファス酸化ジルコニウムの粒子または顆粒を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の吸着剤。
- ジルコニウム化合物を1より低いpHの水性媒体に溶解し、ジルコニウム含有溶液を形成するステップ;
塩基を添加することにより該溶液のpHを少なくとも2の値まで上昇させるステップ;
酸化ジルコニウムを含む沈殿物を沈殿させるステップ;
該酸化ジルコニウム沈殿物を洗浄するステップ;および
該酸化ジルコニウムを回収するステップ
を含み、
Sb(III)の前駆体からなるドーピング剤が前記ジルコニウム含有溶液に添加される、酸化ジルコニウム吸着剤の製造方法であって、
前記酸化ジルコニウム吸着剤の吸着対象がアンチモン及び/又はテクネチウムである、酸化ジルコニウム吸着剤の製造方法。 - 前記ジルコニウム化合物が塩化ジルコニウム(IV)、硫酸ジルコニウム(IV)、炭酸ジルコニウム(IV)、硝酸ジルコニウム(IV)、オキシ硝酸ジルコニウム(IV)、オキシ塩化ジルコニウム(IV)、またはこれらの混合物のようなハロゲン化ジルコニウムおよびオキソハロゲン化ジルコニウムから選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記ジルコニウム化合物が酸の水溶液中に溶解される、請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 前記溶液のpHがアルカリ金属水酸化物、土類アルカリ金属水酸化物、アンモニアおよび水酸化アンモニウムの群から選択されるアルカリを添加することにより2〜10の範囲内の値まで増加される、請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記酸化ジルコニウム沈殿物が水または水溶液で浮遊物と沈殿物との間の界面が明確でなくなるまで洗浄される、請求項6〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記酸化ジルコニウムがアモルファスである、請求項6〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 放射性廃液からそのオキソアニオン形態を含むアンチモンおよび任意でテクネチウムを除去するための請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の吸着剤の使用。
- 適切な吸着剤を有する容器を備え、放射性廃液からそのオキソアニオン形態を含むアンチモンおよび任意でテクネチウムを除去するための吸着ユニットであって、該容器が廃液の入口および処理廃液の出口を有し、該吸着剤が少なくとも10,000ml/gのアンチモンアニオンの分配係数を有する酸化ジルコニウムの粒子または顆粒を含み、
前記吸着剤がSb(III)のドーピング金属イオンをさらに含む、ユニット。 - 前記吸着剤物質がイオン交換カラムハウジング中に配置される、請求項13に記載のユニット。
- 前記吸着ユニットが処理する液体の流入を可能にする手段および処理した液体の排出を可能にする手段を備えるハウジング内に配置された前記吸着剤物質により形成される吸着床を有し、該入口手段がアンチモン含有液の供給源に接続されている、請求項13または14に記載のユニット。
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