JP5770876B1 - MMIC integrated module - Google Patents

MMIC integrated module Download PDF

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JP5770876B1
JP5770876B1 JP2014065090A JP2014065090A JP5770876B1 JP 5770876 B1 JP5770876 B1 JP 5770876B1 JP 2014065090 A JP2014065090 A JP 2014065090A JP 2014065090 A JP2014065090 A JP 2014065090A JP 5770876 B1 JP5770876 B1 JP 5770876B1
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mmic
antenna
integrated module
cavity
dielectric
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JP2015188174A (en
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ホジン ソン
ホジン ソン
卓郎 田島
卓郎 田島
信 矢板
信 矢板
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Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2223/00—Details relating to semiconductor or other solid state devices covered by the group H01L23/00
    • H01L2223/58—Structural electrical arrangements for semiconductor devices not otherwise provided for
    • H01L2223/64—Impedance arrangements
    • H01L2223/66—High-frequency adaptations
    • H01L2223/6661—High-frequency adaptations for passive devices
    • H01L2223/6677—High-frequency adaptations for passive devices for antenna, e.g. antenna included within housing of semiconductor device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/15—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/16—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • H01L2224/161—Disposition
    • H01L2224/16151—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/16221—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/16225—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
    • H01L2224/16227—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation the bump connector connecting to a bond pad of the item
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/481—Disposition
    • H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/48245—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
    • H01L2224/48247—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/151—Die mounting substrate
    • H01L2924/153—Connection portion
    • H01L2924/1532—Connection portion the connection portion being formed on the die mounting surface of the substrate
    • H01L2924/15321—Connection portion the connection portion being formed on the die mounting surface of the substrate being a ball array, e.g. BGA

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】電波の放射効率を改善すること。【解決手段】ＭＭＩＣチップ２のアンテナ１０と対向するように小キャビティ７’の底面に金属性の反射板１２を形成し、その反射板１２を囲むように複数のビア８を形成し、更にアンテナ１０を囲むように複数の接合用ボール９を配置する。【選択図】図１[PROBLEMS] To improve radio wave radiation efficiency. A metallic reflector 12 is formed on the bottom surface of a small cavity 7 'so as to face the antenna 10 of the MMIC chip 2, and a plurality of vias 8 are formed so as to surround the reflector 12, and further the antenna. A plurality of bonding balls 9 are arranged so as to surround 10. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、ミリ波帯又はテラヘルツ波帯の無線通信に用いるＭＭＩＣ（monolithic microwave integrated circuit：モノシリックマイクロ波集積回路）を実装したＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールの技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a technology of an MMIC integrated module on which an MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) used for millimeter wave band or terahertz wave wireless communication is mounted.

旧来より、ミリ波又はテラヘルツ波の高周波ＲＦ（radio frequency）信号を扱うＩＣパッケージが開発されている。このＩＣパッケージは電磁波を入力するための導波管ポートを備えた金属体であり、金属表面には酸化防止の金メッキが形成されている。また、導波管フランジも形成されており、アライメント用のピンや固定ボルト等を必要とするため、サイズが大きく高コストとなってしまう。   Traditionally, IC packages that handle high-frequency RF (radio frequency) signals of millimeter waves or terahertz waves have been developed. This IC package is a metal body provided with a waveguide port for inputting electromagnetic waves, and an anti-oxidation gold plating is formed on the metal surface. In addition, a waveguide flange is also formed, which requires alignment pins, fixing bolts, and the like, resulting in a large size and high cost.

そこで近年では、製造上の高コスト化を抑制するため、誘電性の基板を積層させ、その積層過程において各基板にビアを形成したり基板表面に金属線を配線したりすることにより、旧来よりも簡易にＩＣパッケージを含むＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールを生成する手法が提案されている（非特許文献１）。   Therefore, in recent years, in order to suppress high manufacturing costs, dielectric substrates are laminated, and vias are formed in each substrate in the lamination process, or metal wires are wired on the substrate surface, and so on. In addition, a method for easily generating an MMIC integrated module including an IC package has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 1).

この非特許文献１に記載されたＦｉｇ．１を図７に示す。このＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００は、複数の誘電性基板１’を積層し、積層させた誘電性基板群の一部でキャビティ７を形成し、そのキャビティ７の上壁面の表面に平面型のアンテナ１０を配置することにより、形成されている。   Fig. 1 described in this Non-Patent Document 1. 1 is shown in FIG. In this MMIC integrated module 100, a plurality of dielectric substrates 1 ′ are laminated, a cavity 7 is formed by a part of the laminated dielectric substrate group, and a planar antenna 10 is formed on the surface of the upper wall surface of the cavity 7. It is formed by arranging.

また、誘電性基板１’の表面には、ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００の外部からキャビティ７内のアンテナ１０へ信号を伝達するためのアンテナフィード線２１やアンテナグランド線２２が配設され、ＲＦＩＣ２３に低周波信号を供給するための信号線２４やＲＦＩＣ２３用のグランド線２５も更に配設されている。ＲＦＩＣ２３は、誘電性基板群の外部裏表面に配置され、信号線２４を介して低周波信号を受信し、その低周波信号を用いて高周波ＲＦ信号を生成して、アンテナフィード線２１を介してアンテナ１０から出力する。   On the surface of the dielectric substrate 1 ′, an antenna feed line 21 and an antenna ground line 22 for transmitting a signal from the outside of the MMIC integrated module 100 to the antenna 10 in the cavity 7 are disposed, and the RFIC 23 has a low frequency. A signal line 24 for supplying signals and a ground line 25 for the RFIC 23 are further provided. The RFIC 23 is disposed on the outer back surface of the dielectric substrate group, receives a low frequency signal via the signal line 24, generates a high frequency RF signal using the low frequency signal, and passes the antenna feed line 21. Output from the antenna 10.

このようなＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００において、ＲＦＩＣ２３は、ワイヤボンディング又はフリップチップボンディングにより誘電性基板群の外部裏表面にマウント実装されている。かかる構成より、ＲＦＩＣ２３からの高周波ＲＦ信号は図示しないボンディングやワイヤを介してアンテナ１０に到達するため、高周波ＲＦ信号の信号損失が大きくなってしまう。その結果、高周波ＲＦ信号の送信側と受信側のそれぞれにおいて、信号パワーやノイズフィギュア等の特性劣化が生じることになる。   In such an MMIC integrated module 100, the RFIC 23 is mounted on the outer back surface of the dielectric substrate group by wire bonding or flip chip bonding. With this configuration, the high-frequency RF signal from the RFIC 23 reaches the antenna 10 through bonding or wires (not shown), so that the signal loss of the high-frequency RF signal increases. As a result, characteristics such as signal power and noise figure are deteriorated on the transmission side and reception side of the high-frequency RF signal.

そのため、ＲＦＩＣの上にアンテナを一体的に形成する手法も提案されている。図８は、２つ目の従来のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００の構成を示す図である。このＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールは、金属筐体３１の内部に形成されたキャビティ７の底面にシリコン基板３２を埋め込み、そのシリコン基板３２のキャビティ７側の表面にＲＦＩＣを有するＭＭＩＣチップ２と回路の実装基板３３を配置し、そのＭＭＩＣチップ２の表面にアンテナ１０を形成している。また、シリコン基板３２の他方の表面に半球状のシリコンレンズ３’’をダイボンディング接合し、そのシリコンレンズ３’’の球部の一部を金属筐体３１から外部へ突出するように配置している。   Therefore, a method of integrally forming an antenna on the RFIC has been proposed. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a second conventional MMIC integrated module 100. In this MMIC integrated module, a silicon substrate 32 is embedded in the bottom surface of a cavity 7 formed inside a metal housing 31, and the MMIC chip 2 having an RFIC on the surface of the silicon substrate 32 on the cavity 7 side and a circuit mounting substrate 33. And the antenna 10 is formed on the surface of the MMIC chip 2. A hemispherical silicon lens 3 ″ is die-bonded to the other surface of the silicon substrate 32, and a part of the spherical portion of the silicon lens 3 ″ is disposed so as to protrude from the metal housing 31 to the outside. ing.

かかる構成より、ＭＭＩＣチップ２の上にアンテナ１０が形成されているため、高周波ＲＦ信号の信号損失を抑制することができる。また、ＭＭＩＣチップ２に対して、そのＭＭＩＣチップ２の化合物半導体材料と誘電率が近いシリコンからなるシリコン基板３２とシリコンレンズ３’’を接合しているため、アンテナ１０からの電波を効率良く空気中に放射することができる。   With this configuration, since the antenna 10 is formed on the MMIC chip 2, signal loss of the high-frequency RF signal can be suppressed. Further, since the silicon substrate 32 made of silicon having a dielectric constant close to that of the compound semiconductor material of the MMIC chip 2 and the silicon lens 3 ″ are bonded to the MMIC chip 2, the radio wave from the antenna 10 is efficiently air-aired. Can radiate in.

特に高抵抗シリコンは、テラヘルツ帯の領域において誘電体損失が無く、レンズやプリズムの材料として一般的に用いられている。また、シリコンレンズ３’’の半径やシリコン基板３２の厚さを適切に設計することにより、ガウシアン性の良い放射パターンや高利得特性を得ることができる（特許文献１）。   In particular, high-resistance silicon has no dielectric loss in the terahertz band region and is generally used as a material for lenses and prisms. Further, by appropriately designing the radius of the silicon lens 3 ″ and the thickness of the silicon substrate 32, a radiation pattern with good Gaussian properties and high gain characteristics can be obtained (Patent Document 1).

なお、このＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００は、外部からの信号を受信可能である。アンテナ１０で受信した信号は、ワイヤ３４で接続された実装基板３３を経由して信号端子３５へ出力され、データ信号線３６を通じて外部へ出力される。   The MMIC integrated module 100 can receive an external signal. A signal received by the antenna 10 is output to the signal terminal 35 via the mounting substrate 33 connected by the wire 34 and output to the outside through the data signal line 36.

特開２００５−６４９８６号公報JP 2005-64986 A

Duixian Liu、外２名、“An LTCC Superstrate Patch Antenna for 60-GHz Package Applications”、Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI)、2010 IEEE、July 2010年7月、pp.1-4Duixian Liu, 2 others, “An LTCC Superstrate Patch Antenna for 60-GHz Package Applications”, Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI), 2010 IEEE, July 2010, pp.1-4

しかしながら、図８に示したＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールでは、ＭＭＩＣ上のアンテナからの電波がシリコンレンズ側と金属筐体のキャビティ側の両方に放射するため、キャビティ側に放射された電磁波は損失となってしまい、アンテナ効率や利得が低下し、更にはＭＭＩＣチップ上の電気線路に再結合することにより増幅器等の回路で発振現象が発生するという課題があった。   However, in the MMIC integrated module shown in FIG. 8, since the radio wave from the antenna on the MMIC radiates to both the silicon lens side and the cavity side of the metal housing, the electromagnetic wave radiated to the cavity side is lost. However, there has been a problem that the antenna efficiency and the gain are lowered, and further, an oscillation phenomenon occurs in a circuit such as an amplifier by recombination with an electric line on the MMIC chip.

本発明は、上記事情を鑑みてなされたものであり、電波の放射効率を改善することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to improve radio wave radiation efficiency.

以上の課題を解決するため、請求項１に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールは、ミリ波又はテラヘルツ波用のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールにおいて、キャビティを形成するように積み重ねられた複数の誘電性基板と、前記キャビティの開口面に配置された誘電性レンズと、アンテナの形成面が前記キャビティの底面に向かい合うように前記キャビティの内部に配置されたＭＭＩＣチップと、前記アンテナに対向するように誘電性基板の表面に形成された金属層と、前記アンテナを囲むように配置された複数の金属体と、前記金属層を囲むように前記誘電性基板に形成された複数のビアと、を有し、前記複数のビアは、前記複数の金属体の配置と同じ位置で前記誘電性基板に形成されていることを要旨とする。 In order to solve the above problems, an MMIC integrated module according to claim 1 is a millimeter wave or terahertz wave MMIC integrated module, and a plurality of dielectric substrates stacked so as to form a cavity, Formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate so as to face the antenna, the dielectric lens disposed on the opening surface, the MMIC chip disposed inside the cavity such that the formation surface of the antenna faces the bottom surface of the cavity A plurality of metal bodies disposed so as to surround the antenna, and a plurality of vias formed in the dielectric substrate so as to surround the metal layer, wherein the plurality of vias are The gist is that the dielectric substrate is formed at the same position as the arrangement of the plurality of metal bodies .

本発明によれば、ＭＭＩＣチップ上のアンテナに対向するように金属層を形成しているため、アンテナからキャビティの内部側に放射される電波を誘電体レンズのある方向へ反射できることから、電波を効率的に放射することができる。   According to the present invention, since the metal layer is formed so as to face the antenna on the MMIC chip, the radio wave radiated from the antenna to the inner side of the cavity can be reflected in the direction of the dielectric lens. It can radiate efficiently.

本発明によれば、アンテナを複数の金属体で囲むように構成しているため、大気中への放射を抑制できることから、電波をより効率的に放射することができる。また、本発明によれば、金属層を複数のビアで囲むように構成しているため、大気中への放射を抑制できることから、電波をより効率的に放射することができる。 According to the present invention, since the antenna is configured to be surrounded by a plurality of metal bodies, radiation into the atmosphere can be suppressed, so that radio waves can be radiated more efficiently. Further, according to the present invention, since the metal layer is configured to be surrounded by a plurality of vias, radiation into the atmosphere can be suppressed, so that radio waves can be radiated more efficiently.

請求項２に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールは、請求項１に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールにおいて、前記金属体は、前記ＭＭＩＣチップを前記キャビティの底面にフリップチップ実装するためのバンプであることを要旨とする。 The MMIC integrated module according to claim 2 is the MMIC integrated module according to claim 1 , wherein the metal body is a bump for flip-chip mounting the MMIC chip on a bottom surface of the cavity. .

請求項３に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールは、請求項１又は２に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールにおいて、前記アンテナと前記金属層との間に位置する誘電性基板に形成された空孔を更に有することを要旨とする。 The MMIC integrated module according to claim 3 is the MMIC integrated module according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a hole formed in a dielectric substrate positioned between the antenna and the metal layer. The gist.

請求項４に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールは、請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールにおいて、前記誘電性レンズは、前記キャビティ側の表面に凸レンズを有することを要旨とする。 The MMIC integrated module according to claim 4 is the MMIC integrated module according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the dielectric lens has a convex lens on a surface on the cavity side.

請求項５に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールは、請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールにおいて、前記金属層は、接地していることを要旨とする。 The MMIC integrated module according to claim 5 is the MMIC integrated module according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the metal layer is grounded.

本発明によれば、電波を効率的に放射できる。   According to the present invention, radio waves can be radiated efficiently.

第１の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the MMIC integrated module which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 第１の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールの斜視図である。1 is a perspective view of an MMIC integrated module according to a first embodiment. アンテナと接合用ボールの配置状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning state of an antenna and a ball | bowl for joining. 第２の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the MMIC integrated module which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. 第３の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the MMIC integrated module which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 第４の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the MMIC integrated module which concerns on 4th Embodiment. 従来のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the conventional MMIC integrated module. 従来のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the conventional MMIC integrated module.

本発明は、アンテナを形成したＭＭＩＣチップをフリップチップ実装するＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールにおいて、（１）ＭＭＩＣチップ上のアンテナに対して対向するように誘電性基板上に金属層を形成し、（２）その金属層を囲むようにビアを形成し、（３）そのアンテナを囲むようにＭＭＩＣチップと誘電性基板を接合する金属体を配置するようにしている。以下、本発明を実施する一実施の形態について図面を用いて説明する。   The present invention provides an MMIC integrated module in which an MMIC chip having an antenna formed thereon is flip-chip mounted. (1) A metal layer is formed on a dielectric substrate so as to face the antenna on the MMIC chip, and (2) Vias are formed so as to surround the metal layer, and (3) a metal body for joining the MMIC chip and the dielectric substrate is arranged so as to surround the antenna. Hereinafter, an embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

〔第１の実施の形態〕
図１は、第１の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００の断面図である。図２は、そのＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００の斜視図である。本ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００は、多層型誘電性基板パッケージ１と、ＭＭＩＣチップ２と、レンズ３とを主に備えて構成される。 [First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an MMIC integrated module 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the MMIC integrated module 100. The MMIC integrated module 100 is mainly configured by including a multilayer dielectric substrate package 1, an MMIC chip 2, and a lens 3.

多層型誘電性基板パッケージ１は、セラミックやＬＴＣＣ（Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics）等の誘電性基板を積層することにより形成される。任意の誘電性基板には、その表面において、多層型誘電性基板パッケージ１の外表面に形成・配置された外部電極４に接続される配線５が形成され、更に誘電性基板間を導通するビア６が形成される。また、最上及び中間に位置する複数の誘電性基板を用いて凹形状の内部空間（キャビティ）７が形成され、そのキャビティ７の底面の上に、配線５及びビア６を介して外部電極４に電気的に接続される内部電極８が形成・配置される。   The multilayer dielectric substrate package 1 is formed by laminating dielectric substrates such as ceramics or LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics). A wiring 5 connected to the external electrode 4 formed and arranged on the outer surface of the multilayer dielectric substrate package 1 is formed on the surface of an arbitrary dielectric substrate, and further, a via that conducts between the dielectric substrates. 6 is formed. In addition, a concave internal space (cavity) 7 is formed using a plurality of dielectric substrates positioned at the uppermost and middle positions, and the external electrode 4 is formed on the bottom surface of the cavity 7 via the wiring 5 and the via 6. An electrically connected internal electrode 8 is formed and arranged.

ＭＭＩＣチップ２は、多層型誘電性基板パッケージ１のキャビティ７に収まるサイズで形成され、そのキャビティ７の底面の上にフリップチップ実装される。例えば、金属性の接合用ボール９を用いて、キャビティ７内の内部電極８に電気的に接続する。ＭＭＩＣチップ２の表面には、図示しないＲＦＩＣ（Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit）が形成され、更にオンチップ型のアンテナ１０が形成されている。また、そのアンテナ１０の形成面がキャビティ７の底面に向かい合うようにフリップチップ実装される。かかる構造により、外部電極４からの低周波信号を配線５，ビア６，内部電極８，接合用ボール９を介して受信し、その低周波信号を用いてＲＦＩＣで高周波ＲＦ信号を生成し、その高周波ＲＦ信号の電波をアンテナ１０から放射する。図１の場合、アンテナ１０から上側と下側へ放射される。また、外部からの高周波ＲＦ信号をアンテナ１０で受信し、同様の経路を逆に辿り外部電極４へ出力することも可能である。   The MMIC chip 2 is formed in a size that can fit in the cavity 7 of the multilayer dielectric substrate package 1, and is flip-chip mounted on the bottom surface of the cavity 7. For example, a metallic bonding ball 9 is used to electrically connect to the internal electrode 8 in the cavity 7. An RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit) (not shown) is formed on the surface of the MMIC chip 2, and an on-chip type antenna 10 is further formed. The antenna 10 is flip-chip mounted so that the surface on which the antenna 10 is formed faces the bottom surface of the cavity 7. With this structure, a low frequency signal from the external electrode 4 is received via the wiring 5, the via 6, the internal electrode 8, and the bonding ball 9, and a high frequency RF signal is generated by the RFIC using the low frequency signal. A radio wave of a high frequency RF signal is radiated from the antenna 10. In the case of FIG. 1, it radiates | emits from the antenna 10 to the upper side and the lower side. It is also possible to receive a high-frequency RF signal from the outside by the antenna 10 and output it to the external electrode 4 by following the same path in reverse.

レンズ３は、半球状の形を有し、電磁波の波長の数倍以上ある径を有する。例えば、シリコン，テフロン，ポリエチレン、石英等の誘電性レンズを用いて形成される。接着剤１１やＵＶ樹脂等を用いてキャビティ７の開口面に配置され、固定される。その際、電磁波の放射パターンの中心軸がレンズ３の中心軸と一致するように配置することが好ましい。また、光学的に透明な材料をレンズ材料に用いることが好ましい。これにより、目視により、ＭＭＩＣチップ２やアンテナ１０の位置との位置合わせが可能となり、実装も容易となる。また、シリコンを用いる場合には、例えば１０ｋΩ・ｃｍ以上の高抵抗シリコンを用いることが好ましい。これにより、ガウシアン性の良い放射パターンや高利得特性を得ることができる。また、レンズ３の周縁を支える誘電性基板を変更したり、接合用ボール９のサイズを調整したりすることにより、そのキャビティ７に収容されるＭＭＩＣチップ２に直接接合させることが好ましい。   The lens 3 has a hemispherical shape and a diameter that is several times the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. For example, a dielectric lens such as silicon, Teflon, polyethylene, or quartz is used. It arrange | positions and fixes to the opening surface of the cavity 7 using the adhesive agent 11 or UV resin. At this time, it is preferable to arrange the electromagnetic radiation pattern so that the central axis of the radiation pattern coincides with the central axis of the lens 3. Further, it is preferable to use an optically transparent material for the lens material. As a result, it is possible to align with the positions of the MMIC chip 2 and the antenna 10 by visual observation, and mounting becomes easy. Further, when silicon is used, it is preferable to use high resistance silicon of, for example, 10 kΩ · cm or more. As a result, it is possible to obtain a radiation pattern with good Gaussian properties and high gain characteristics. Further, it is preferable to directly join the MMIC chip 2 accommodated in the cavity 7 by changing the dielectric substrate that supports the periphery of the lens 3 or adjusting the size of the joining ball 9.

このような構成要素を備えたＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００において、本実施の形態では、アンテナ１０と対向する誘電性基板の表面（キャビティ７の底面）に金属性の反射板１２を形成する。例えば、キャビティ７の底面に位置する誘電性基板の一部を切除等することにより、アンテナ１０の存在する位置において深さｄ×幅ｗの小キャビティ７’を形成し、その小キャビティ７’の底面の上を金属層で覆うようにする。   In the MMIC integrated module 100 including such components, in the present embodiment, a metallic reflector 12 is formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate (the bottom surface of the cavity 7) facing the antenna 10. For example, a part of the dielectric substrate located on the bottom surface of the cavity 7 is cut away to form a small cavity 7 ′ having a depth d × width w at the position where the antenna 10 exists, and the small cavity 7 ′ Cover the bottom with a metal layer.

このように、小キャビティ７’の底面に金属層を形成することにより、アンテナ１０から小キャビティ７’側へ放射された電波を反対方向へ反射させことができる。なお、小キャビティ７’の深さｄとは、ＭＭＩＣチップ２のアンテナ形成面と小キャビティ７’の底面との間の距離であり、例えば、使用する帯域の中心波長λの１／６〜１／３の範囲内が好ましい。また、形成された金属層を接地するようにしても構わない。これにより、電波の反射効率を高めることができる。   Thus, by forming a metal layer on the bottom surface of the small cavity 7 ′, the radio wave radiated from the antenna 10 toward the small cavity 7 ′ can be reflected in the opposite direction. The depth d of the small cavity 7 ′ is a distance between the antenna formation surface of the MMIC chip 2 and the bottom surface of the small cavity 7 ′, and is, for example, 1/6 to 1 of the center wavelength λ of the band to be used. Within the range of / 3 is preferable. Further, the formed metal layer may be grounded. Thereby, the reflection efficiency of a radio wave can be improved.

また、本実施の形態では、反射板１２を複数のビア６で囲むように形成・配置し、更にアンテナ１０を複数の接合用ボール９で囲むように形成・配置する。例えば、接合用ボール９を小キャビティ７’の側壁面の一部として用いるようにする。図１のＸ−Ｘ’断面の一部を下から上に見た図を図３に示す。図３では、ＭＭＩＣチップ２上のアンテナ１０と接合用ボール９との配置状態を示している。ＭＭＩＣチップ２のアンテナ形成面には、アンテナ１０を囲むように金属層１３が形成され、この金属層１３の上に所定の間隔で接合用ボール９を配置する。更に、図１に示したように、図３のように配置された複数の接合用ボール９と同じ配置状態となるように複数のビア６を形成し、反射板１２を囲むようにする。   In this embodiment, the reflector 12 is formed and arranged so as to be surrounded by the plurality of vias 6, and the antenna 10 is formed and arranged so as to be surrounded by the plurality of bonding balls 9. For example, the bonding ball 9 is used as a part of the side wall surface of the small cavity 7 '. FIG. 3 shows a part of the X-X ′ cross section of FIG. 1 viewed from the bottom to the top. FIG. 3 shows an arrangement state of the antenna 10 and the bonding ball 9 on the MMIC chip 2. A metal layer 13 is formed on the antenna formation surface of the MMIC chip 2 so as to surround the antenna 10, and the bonding balls 9 are arranged on the metal layer 13 at a predetermined interval. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of vias 6 are formed so as to be in the same arrangement state as the plurality of bonding balls 9 arranged as shown in FIG.

このように、アンテナ１０を囲むように複数の接合用ボール９を配置し、反射板１２を囲むように複数のビア６を形成することにより、アンテナ１０から小キャビティ７’側へ放射された電波が水平方向へ分散することを防止できる。なお、接合用ボール９の間隔やビア６の間隔は、使用する帯域の中心波長λの１／４以下が好ましい。また、金属層１３を接地し、その金属層１３上の接合用ボール９や当該接合用ボール８に電気的に接続されるビア６をＲＦＩＣのアース用電極の一部として用いるようにしても構わない。   In this way, by arranging the plurality of bonding balls 9 so as to surround the antenna 10 and forming the plurality of vias 6 so as to surround the reflecting plate 12, the radio wave radiated from the antenna 10 to the small cavity 7 ′ side. Can be prevented from spreading in the horizontal direction. The interval between the bonding balls 9 and the interval between the vias 6 is preferably ¼ or less of the center wavelength λ of the band to be used. Alternatively, the metal layer 13 may be grounded, and the bonding ball 9 on the metal layer 13 and the via 6 electrically connected to the bonding ball 8 may be used as part of the RFIC ground electrode. Absent.

本実施の形態によれば、ＭＭＩＣチップ２上のアンテナ１０と対向するように小キャビティ７’の底面に反射板１２を形成し、その反射板１２を囲むように複数のビア６を形成し、更にアンテナ１０を囲むように複数の接合用ボール９を配置するので、アンテナ１０から小キャビティ７’側へ放射された電波を反対方向のみに反射することが可能となり、ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００から電波を効率的に放射することができる。   According to the present embodiment, the reflecting plate 12 is formed on the bottom surface of the small cavity 7 ′ so as to face the antenna 10 on the MMIC chip 2, and the plurality of vias 6 are formed so as to surround the reflecting plate 12, Further, since a plurality of bonding balls 9 are disposed so as to surround the antenna 10, it is possible to reflect the radio wave radiated from the antenna 10 toward the small cavity 7 'only in the opposite direction, and the radio wave from the MMIC integrated module 100 can be reflected. It can radiate efficiently.

〔第２の実施の形態〕
図４は、第２の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００を示す図である。同図（ａ）は、ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００の断面図である。同図（ｂ）は、同図（ａ）のＸ−Ｘ’断面を上から下に見た図である。 [Second Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the MMIC integrated module 100 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the MMIC integrated module 100. FIG. 6B is a view of the XX ′ cross section of FIG.

本ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００は、第１の実施の形態と同様に、図示しない導体層が表面に形成された誘電体層（第１の実施の形態における誘電性基板）１’を積層することにより多層型誘電性基板パッケージ１を形成する。また、ビア６を形成した誘電体層１’を積層することにより、ＭＭＩＣチップ２を格納する長方形のキャビティ７を形成する。   Similar to the first embodiment, the MMIC integrated module 100 has a multilayer structure in which a dielectric layer (dielectric substrate in the first embodiment) 1 ′ having a conductor layer (not shown) formed thereon is laminated. A mold dielectric substrate package 1 is formed. Further, by laminating the dielectric layer 1 ′ in which the via 6 is formed, a rectangular cavity 7 for storing the MMIC chip 2 is formed.

キャビティ７を構成する最上の誘電体層１’に形成されたビア６ａのサイズは他のビア６ｂのサイズと異なり、最上及びその下の誘電体層１’による枠部をステップ状とし、レンズ３を実装する。なお、誘電体層１’の材料は、セラミックスやガラスフィラーを混入したセラミックス混合材料、ポリイミド等のポリマー材料でもよいが、誘電損失が小さい材料が好ましい。セラミックス材料を用いた場合には、誘電体層１’を積層した後に高温で焼成を行う。誘電体層１’の厚さは数〜数十ミクロンであり、シルクスクリーン印刷やメッキ処理により形成する。一方、導体層の材料は、金、銀、タングステン、銅などでもよい。   The size of the via 6a formed in the uppermost dielectric layer 1 'constituting the cavity 7 is different from the size of the other vias 6b, and the frame portion formed by the uppermost and lower dielectric layer 1' is stepped to form the lens 3 Is implemented. The material of the dielectric layer 1 ′ may be a ceramic mixed material mixed with ceramics or glass filler, or a polymer material such as polyimide, but a material having a small dielectric loss is preferable. When a ceramic material is used, the dielectric layer 1 ′ is laminated and then fired at a high temperature. The dielectric layer 1 'has a thickness of several to several tens of microns and is formed by silk screen printing or plating. On the other hand, the material of the conductor layer may be gold, silver, tungsten, copper or the like.

本実施の形態では、第１の実施の形態と異なり、バンプ９’を用いてＭＭＩＣチップ２をキャビティ７の底面にフリップチップ実装する。また、小キャビティ７’を形成することなく、反射板１２をバンプ９’の実装面と同一平面に形成する。アンテナ１０から反射板１２までの距離は、第１の実施の形態と同様に、例えば、使用する帯域の中心波長λの１／６〜１／３の範囲内とする。   In the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the MMIC chip 2 is flip-chip mounted on the bottom surface of the cavity 7 using bumps 9 ′. Further, the reflector 12 is formed on the same plane as the mounting surface of the bump 9 'without forming the small cavity 7'. The distance from the antenna 10 to the reflector 12 is, for example, in the range of 1/6 to 1/3 of the center wavelength λ of the band to be used, as in the first embodiment.

本実施の形態によれば、ＭＭＩＣチップ２のアンテナ１０と対向するように、キャビティ７の底面に反射板１２を形成し、そのアンテナ１０を囲むように複数のバンプ９’を配置するので、アンテナ１０から小キャビティ７’側へ放射された電波を反対方向のみに反射することが可能となり、ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００から電波を効率的に放射することができる。   According to the present embodiment, the reflector 12 is formed on the bottom surface of the cavity 7 so as to face the antenna 10 of the MMIC chip 2, and the plurality of bumps 9 ′ are arranged so as to surround the antenna 10. The radio waves radiated from 10 to the small cavity 7 ′ side can be reflected only in the opposite direction, and the radio waves can be efficiently radiated from the MMIC integrated module 100.

〔第３の実施の形態〕
図５は、第３の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００を示す図である。同図（ａ）は、ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００の断面図である。同図（ｂ）は、同図（ａ）のＸ−Ｘ’断面の一部を上から下に見た図である。以下、第１，２の実施の形態との相違点を中心に説明する。 [Third Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an MMIC integrated module 100 according to the third embodiment. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the MMIC integrated module 100. FIG. 4B is a view of a part of the XX ′ cross section of FIG. Hereinafter, the difference from the first and second embodiments will be mainly described.

本実施の形態では、第１，２の実施の形態と異なり、反射板１２をバンプ９’の実装面（誘電体層１ａ’）の下の誘電体層１ｂ’の表面に形成し、その反射板１２の上に位置する誘電体層１ａ’に複数の空孔１４を形成し、その空孔１４を囲むように複数のビア６を形成する。また、その複数のビア６の形成位置に沿うように誘電体層１ａ’の表面に金属層１５を凹状に形成し、その金属層１５の上にＭＭＩＣチップ２をフリップチップ実装する。図５（ｂ）では、金属層１５の形成パターン、空孔１４の配置パターン、ビア６の配置パターンの各例を示している。   In the present embodiment, unlike the first and second embodiments, the reflecting plate 12 is formed on the surface of the dielectric layer 1b ′ below the mounting surface (dielectric layer 1a ′) of the bump 9 ′, and the reflection thereof. A plurality of holes 14 are formed in the dielectric layer 1 a ′ located on the plate 12, and a plurality of vias 6 are formed so as to surround the holes 14. Further, a metal layer 15 is formed in a concave shape on the surface of the dielectric layer 1 a ′ so as to follow the formation positions of the plurality of vias 6, and the MMIC chip 2 is flip-chip mounted on the metal layer 15. FIG. 5B shows examples of the formation pattern of the metal layer 15, the arrangement pattern of the holes 14, and the arrangement pattern of the vias 6.

第１の実施の形態では、誘電性基板の一部を排除することにより、小キャビティ７’の深さを制御している。しかし、これによりＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００の底面の厚さが薄くなるため、物理的強度が弱くなり、誘電性基板の反りが大きくなる可能性がある。これに対し、本実施の形態では、削除対象であった誘電性基板１ａ’の該当部分に空孔１４を形成しているので、ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１の物理的な強度が高くなり、等価的に誘電率を制御してキャビティの深さを実質的に制御することができる。   In the first embodiment, the depth of the small cavity 7 'is controlled by eliminating a part of the dielectric substrate. However, the thickness of the bottom surface of the MMIC integrated module 100 is thereby reduced, so that the physical strength is weakened and the warping of the dielectric substrate may be increased. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the holes 14 are formed in the corresponding portions of the dielectric substrate 1a ′ to be deleted, the physical strength of the MMIC integrated module 1 is increased and equivalently The dielectric constant can be controlled to substantially control the cavity depth.

〔第４の実施の形態〕
図６は、第４の実施の形態に係るＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール１００の断面図である。本実施の形態では、レンズ３の材料として、特に、テフロン，ポリエチレン，石英等の低誘電率の誘電体を使用し、レンズ３の下面に凸レンズ３’を形成している。これにより、アンテナ１０から放射される電波の放射パターンを適切に制御することができ、アンテナ利得を向上することができる。 [Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the MMIC integrated module 100 according to the fourth embodiment. In the present embodiment, a low dielectric constant dielectric material such as Teflon, polyethylene, or quartz is used as the material of the lens 3, and the convex lens 3 ′ is formed on the lower surface of the lens 3. Thereby, the radiation pattern of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 10 can be appropriately controlled, and the antenna gain can be improved.

以上より、第１〜第４の実施の形態によれば、ＭＭＩＣチップ２上のアンテナ１０と対向するようにキャビティ７又は小キャビティ７’の底面に反射板１２を形成・配置したので、アンテナ１０から電波を効率的に放射でき、電波の損失を低減でき、結果としてアンテナ効率と利得を改善することができる。また、アンテナ１０を囲むように接合用ボール９又はバンプ９’を配置し、反射板１２を囲むようにビア６を形成したので、大気中への放射を抑制し、ＭＭＩＣチップ上に形成された増幅器等の発振を防止することができる。   As described above, according to the first to fourth embodiments, the reflecting plate 12 is formed and arranged on the bottom surface of the cavity 7 or the small cavity 7 ′ so as to face the antenna 10 on the MMIC chip 2. Can efficiently radiate radio waves, reduce radio wave loss, and as a result, improve antenna efficiency and gain. Further, since the bonding balls 9 or the bumps 9 ′ are arranged so as to surround the antenna 10 and the via 6 is formed so as to surround the reflector 12, the radiation to the atmosphere is suppressed and the via is formed on the MMIC chip. Oscillation of an amplifier or the like can be prevented.

１…ＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール
１’…誘電体層（誘電性基板）
２…ＭＭＩＣチップ
３…レンズ
３’…凸レンズ
３’’…シリコンレンズ
４…外部電極
５…配線
６…ビア
７…キャビティ
７’…小キャビティ
８…内部電極
９…接合用ボール
９’…バンプ
１０…アンテナ
１１…接着剤
１２…反射板
１３…金属層
１４…空孔
１５…金属層
２１…アンテナフィード線
２２…アンテナグランド線
２３…ＲＦＩＣ
２４…信号線
２５…グランド線
３１…金属筐体
３２…シリコン基板
３３…実装基板
３４…ワイヤ
３５…信号端子
３６…データ信号線 1 ... MMIC integrated module 1 '... Dielectric layer (dielectric substrate)
2 ... MMIC chip 3 ... Lens 3 '... Convex lens 3 "... Silicon lens 4 ... External electrode 5 ... Wiring 6 ... Via 7 ... Cavity 7' ... Small cavity 8 ... Internal electrode 9 ... Bonding ball 9 '... Bump 10 ... Antenna 11 ... Adhesive 12 ... Reflector 13 ... Metal layer 14 ... Hole 15 ... Metal layer 21 ... Antenna feed wire 22 ... Antenna ground wire 23 ... RFIC
24 ... Signal line 25 ... Ground line 31 ... Metal housing 32 ... Silicon substrate 33 ... Mounting substrate 34 ... Wire 35 ... Signal terminal 36 ... Data signal line

Claims (5)

ミリ波又はテラヘルツ波用のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュールにおいて、
キャビティを形成するように積み重ねられた複数の誘電性基板と、
前記キャビティの開口面に配置された誘電性レンズと、
アンテナの形成面が前記キャビティの底面に向かい合うように前記キャビティの内部に配置されたＭＭＩＣチップと、
前記アンテナに対向するように誘電性基板の表面に形成された金属層と、
前記アンテナを囲むように配置された複数の金属体と、
前記金属層を囲むように前記誘電性基板に形成された複数のビアと、を有し、
前記複数のビアは、
前記複数の金属体の配置と同じ位置で前記誘電性基板に形成されていることを特徴とするＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール。 In the MMIC integrated module for millimeter wave or terahertz wave,
A plurality of dielectric substrates stacked to form a cavity;
A dielectric lens disposed on an opening surface of the cavity;
An MMIC chip disposed inside the cavity such that an antenna forming surface faces the bottom surface of the cavity;
A metal layer formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate so as to face the antenna;
A plurality of metal bodies arranged to surround the antenna;
A plurality of vias formed in the dielectric substrate so as to surround the metal layer,
The plurality of vias are
The MMIC integrated module is formed on the dielectric substrate at the same position as the plurality of metal bodies . 前記金属体は、The metal body is
前記ＭＭＩＣチップを前記キャビティの底面にフリップチップ実装するためのバンプであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール。2. The MMIC integrated module according to claim 1, wherein the MMIC chip is a bump for flip-chip mounting the MMIC chip on a bottom surface of the cavity. 前記アンテナと前記金属層との間に位置する誘電性基板に形成された空孔を更に有することを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール。The MMIC integrated module according to claim 1, further comprising a hole formed in a dielectric substrate positioned between the antenna and the metal layer. 前記誘電性レンズは、The dielectric lens is
前記キャビティ側の表面に凸レンズを有することを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール。4. The MMIC integrated module according to claim 1, further comprising a convex lens on a surface on the cavity side. 前記金属層は、The metal layer is
接地していることを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載のＭＭＩＣ集積モジュール。5. The MMIC integrated module according to claim 1, wherein the MMIC integrated module is grounded.
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