JP5717863B2 - Horizontal scroll compressor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a horizontal scroll compressor that is mounted as one element of a refrigeration cycle that constitutes, for example, an air conditioner, a refrigeration apparatus, etc., and compresses a refrigerant.

  Conventionally, there is a horizontal scroll compressor. As such, in the fixed scroll base plate portion, a bypass hole capable of bypassing a part of the compressed fluid from a portion before communicating with the discharge port of the compression chamber, a valve for opening and closing the bypass hole, and the bypass Disclosed is a horizontal scroll compressor including a capacity control mechanism including a discharge hole that discharges the fluid from a hole to a lower pressure part than the part, a float valve that opens and closes a discharge port provided in the center part of the base plate. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-298893 (page 4, FIG. 1)

  In the horizontal scroll compressor as described in Patent Document 1, when heating operation is performed in a low outside air state, the temperature of the compression chamber becomes high. Is generally provided. In addition, in the conventional horizontal scroll expander, since the vertical movement of the float valve becomes intense due to an increase in pressure difference in high compression ratio operation, a reed valve is provided in which the valve lift is constant, one end is supported and the vertical movement is stable. It is common. However, in order to configure all the specifications on the back side of the fixed scroll, the conventional horizontal scroll compressor cannot secure an internal space and cannot configure all the specifications.

  In particular, when the horizontal scroll compressor is mounted on a vehicle such as a train, a size restriction is further added. Therefore, it is more difficult to secure an internal space in the conventional horizontal scroll compressor.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a horizontal scroll compressor equipped with a reed valve, a capacity control mechanism, and an injection mechanism without increasing the size. It is aimed.

A horizontal scroll compressor according to the present invention includes a sealed container in which an oil reservoir is formed, and a spiral body that is disposed in the sealed container and forms a part of a fluid compression mechanism together with an orbiting scroll including a spiral body. A fixed scroll, a reed valve disposed on the back surface of the fixed scroll and opening and closing a discharge port of the fixed scroll, a valve cover disposed on the back surface side of the fixed scroll and covering the fixed scroll together with the reed valve, A capacity control mechanism that guides refrigerant in the middle of compression to a low pressure side through a plurality of capacity control ports formed in the fixed scroll, and a spiral body of the orbiting scroll through one injection port formed in the fixed scroll And an injection machine for injecting liquid refrigerant into one of a plurality of compression chambers formed by the spiral body of the fixed scroll The valve cover includes a first through hole communicating with the discharge port of the fixed scroll, a second through hole communicating with a plurality of capacity control ports formed in the fixed scroll, and the fixed scroll. A third through hole communicating with the injection port formed in the first through hole is formed, and the capacity control mechanism is connected to the capacity control port formed in the fixed scroll through the second through hole, and the injection mechanism is the third is connected to the injection port formed in the front Symbol fixed scroll through the through-hole, the edge of the discharge port of the fixed scroll, the first through-hole formed in the valve cover Protrusions that protrude toward the valve cover are provided so as to fit .

  The horizontal scroll compressor according to the present invention can be provided with a reed valve, a capacity control mechanism, and an injection mechanism without increasing the size. Therefore, the horizontal scroll compressor according to the present invention can be installed even in a limited space, and a high compression ratio operation can be realized.

It is a longitudinal section showing an example of composition of a horizontal scroll compressor concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the outline of the state which decomposed | disassembled some fluid compression mechanisms of the horizontal scroll compressor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic enlarged view which expanded and showed the valve cover part of the horizontal scroll compressor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a graph for demonstrating the steady operation range of the horizontal scroll compressor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic perspective view which showed a part of structure of the back side of the fixed scroll of the horizontal scroll compressor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the formation position of the injection port of the horizontal scroll compressor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the formation position of the injection port of the horizontal scroll compressor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the diameter of the injection port of the horizontal scroll compressor which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration example of a horizontal scroll compressor (hereinafter referred to as a compressor 100) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing a state in which a part of the fluid compression mechanism 20 shown in FIG. 1 is disassembled. FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged view showing the valve cover 4 portion shown in FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner. The configuration and operation of the compressor 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relationship of the size of each component may be different from the actual one. The horizontal scroll compressor is a compressor in which the axial direction of the main shaft is disposed sideways (inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical direction).

  The compressor 100 is mounted as an element of a refrigeration cycle constituting a refrigeration cycle apparatus such as a refrigeration apparatus such as a refrigerator or a freezer, a vending machine, an air conditioner, or a water heater, and is used to compress a refrigerant. Is. The compressor 100 sucks a working fluid such as a refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle, compresses it, and discharges it as a high-temperature and high-pressure state. In the compressor 100, the reed valve 10, the capacity control mechanism 50, and the injection mechanism 60 are configured in the sealed container 1 without increasing the size.

  In FIG. 1, a horizontal scroll compressor in a state where the main shaft 7 is disposed so as to be inclined so that one end side (fluid compression mechanism 20 side) of the main shaft 7 is located above the other end side (oil reservoir 13 side) is taken as an example. Show. However, the horizontal scroll compressor may be horizontally arranged with the main shaft 7 inclined at 90 ° with respect to the vertical direction.

[Configuration of Compressor 100]
The compressor 100 includes the hermetic container 1, the fluid compression mechanism 20, the motor 30, the first frame 8, the Oldham ring 9, and the main shaft 7 as main elements. The sealed container 1 is a pressure container and constitutes an outer shell of the compressor 100. The fluid compression mechanism 20 and the motor 30 are accommodated in the sealed container 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid compression mechanism 20 is disposed on the discharge side of the sealed container 1, and the motor 30 is disposed on the oil reservoir 13 side of the sealed container 1.

The first frame 8 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the hermetic container 1, and supports the swing scroll 3 in the axial direction so as to be rotatable, and the main shaft 7 that transmits the driving force generated by the motor 30 to the fluid compression mechanism 20. It is rotatably supported in the radial direction. The Oldham ring 9 prevents the swing scroll 3 from rotating. The main shaft 7 transmits the driving force generated by the motor 30 to the fluid compression mechanism 20.

  In addition, the bottom part of the airtight container 1 becomes the oil reservoir 13 which stores lubricating oil. Further, a suction side pipe 103 for sucking the working fluid and a discharge side pipe 104 for discharging the working fluid are connected to the sealed container 1.

  The fluid compression mechanism 20 has a function of compressing a working fluid such as refrigerant gas sucked from the suction side pipe 103 and discharging it to the discharge space 105 in the sealed container 1. The working fluid discharged into the discharge space 105 is discharged from the discharge side pipe 104 to the outside of the compressor 100. The motor 30 functions to drive the orbiting scroll 3 constituting the fluid compression mechanism 20 in order to compress the working fluid by the fluid compression mechanism 20. That is, the motor 30 is configured to compress the working fluid by the fluid compression mechanism 20 by driving the orbiting scroll 3 via the main shaft 7.

  In the fluid compression mechanism 20, the fixed scroll 2 and the swing scroll 3 are combined and arranged. The fixed scroll 2 is disposed on the discharge side, and the orbiting scroll 3 is disposed on the oil reservoir 13 side. The fixed scroll 2 is formed with a spiral body 2c which is a spiral projection standing on one surface. The swing scroll 3 is also formed with a spiral body 3a that is a spiral projection standing on one surface. The swing scroll 3 and the fixed scroll 2 are installed in the hermetic container 1 with the spiral body 3 a and the spiral body 2 c meshing with each other. A compression chamber 108 whose volume changes relatively is formed between the spiral body 3a and the spiral body 2c.

  The fixed scroll 2 is fixed to the second frame 40 with a bolt (not shown) or the like. A discharge port 2 a is formed at the center of the base plate portion of the fixed scroll 2 to discharge the compressed and high pressure working fluid. The compressed and high pressure working fluid is discharged into a discharge space 105 provided on the discharge side (right side of the paper) of the fixed scroll 2. A valve seat 2b is provided on the back surface (surface on the discharge space 105 side) of the base plate portion of the fixed scroll 2, and the reed valve 10 is attached thereto.

  Further, a protrusion 2d that protrudes toward the valve cover 4 is formed on the periphery of the discharge port 2a on the back side of the fixed scroll 2 (the communication portion with the valve seat 2b is open). By fitting the projection 2d into the through hole 4a of the valve cover 4, the fixed scroll 2 and the valve cover 4 can be easily aligned. That is, the protrusion 2d functions as a guide when the valve cover 4 is assembled. Therefore, not only the assembly of the fixed scroll 2, the packing 5, and the valve cover 4 can be improved, but also the assembly accuracy can be improved. In addition, it is good to form the recessed part into which the projection part 2d fits around the through-hole 4a of the valve cover 4. As shown in FIG. Further, if a locking part or a locking receiving part is formed in a part of the protrusion 2d or a part of the recess, positioning can be performed more reliably.

  Further, the fixed scroll 2 has a capacity control port 51 and an injection port 61 formed therethrough. Further, the base plate of the fixed scroll 2 is made as thin as possible in order to reduce the size of the compressor 100. The formation position of the injection port 61 will be described in detail later with reference to FIGS.

  A load is applied to the reed valve 10 installed in the valve seat 2 b by a valve presser 11. That is, the reed valve 10 is driven when a pressure equal to or higher than a predetermined value is transmitted from the compressed refrigerant, and opens the discharge port 2a. The reed valve 10 is covered by a valve cover 4 installed on the back side of the fixed scroll 2. The valve presser 11 reduces fatigue breakage of the reed valve 11.

  On the back side of the fixed scroll 2, a valve cover 4 is provided for supplying the high-pressure fluid from the discharge port 2 a to the discharge-side pipe 104 so as not to leak into the low-pressure space. A through hole 4 a communicating with the discharge port 2 a of the fixed scroll 2 is formed at the center of the valve cover 4. Further, the valve cover 4 is formed with a through hole 4 c communicating with the capacity control port 51 formed in the fixed scroll 2 and a through hole 4 d communicating with the injection port 61. Further, a valve seat 4 b is formed on the back surface (discharge side surface) of the valve cover 4. The valve seat 4b is provided with a capacity control mechanism 50 that guides the compressed refrigerant to the suction side. A pipe for guiding the discharge pressure of the capacity control mechanism 50 (capacity control pipe 52) is brazed to the sealed container 1.

  The capacity control mechanism 50 includes a plurality of capacity control ports 51 formed in the fixed scroll 2, a capacity control mechanism body 55 provided with valves and springs and attached to the valve seat 4 b of the valve cover 4, and a plurality of capacity A bypass pipe 53 linking the control mechanism main body 55, a capacity control pipe 52 connected in the middle of the pipe of the bypass pipe 53, and a through hole 4 c formed in the valve cover 4 are configured. This capacity control mechanism 50 has a function of adjusting capacity control operation by opening and closing a fluid discharge port (through hole 4c formed in the valve cover 4) by a valve provided in the capacity control mechanism main body 55. doing. Note that at least two capacity control ports 51 may be provided. The position and number of the capacity control ports 51 are determined within the operation range of the compressor 100.

  The capacity control mechanism 50 performs the capacity control operation by bypassing the refrigerant being compressed to the suction side. Specifically, during full load operation, the capacity control mechanism 50 applies high-pressure refrigerant as a back pressure to a valve provided in the capacity control mechanism main body 55 and presses it against the fixed scroll 2 to form a plurality of capacity control ports 51. And the refrigerant flowing into the compression chamber 108 is all guided to the compression port 2a so as not to return to the low pressure side. On the other hand, during the light load operation, the capacity control mechanism 50 pushes the valve from the compression chamber 108 with a spring or the like so as not to apply the high-pressure refrigerant to the valve provided in the capacity control mechanism main body 55, and enters the compression chamber 108. A part of the refrigerant that has flowed in is leaked to the low pressure side via the plurality of capacity control ports 51 so as to have a capacity corresponding to the load.

  Further, an injection pipe 62 is attached to the through hole 4 d of the valve cover 4 communicating with the injection port 61, and the injection mechanism 60 that flows the liquid refrigerant into the compression chamber 108 together with the injection port 61 is configured. The injection tube 62 is brazed to the sealed container 1.

  The injection mechanism 60 includes an injection port 61 formed in the fixed scroll 2, an injection pipe 62 attached to the through hole 4d formed in the valve cover 4, a through hole 4d formed in the valve cover 4, It consists of The injection mechanism 60 has a function of injecting (injecting) liquid refrigerant into the compression chamber 108 formed in the fluid compression mechanism 20. The injection mechanism 60 increases the capacity (density) of the refrigerant in the compression chamber 108 and cools the fluid compression mechanism 20.

  A packing 5 is provided between the fixed scroll 2 and the valve cover 4 so as to seal between the discharge port 2 a of the fixed scroll 2 and the valve cover 4. The packing 5 also has a through hole 5 b communicating with the capacity control port 51 formed in the fixed scroll 2 and a through hole 5 c communicating with the injection port 61. Further, a through hole 5 a is formed through the packing 5 at a position corresponding to the valve seat 2 b of the fixed scroll 2.

  The orbiting scroll 3 performs a revolving orbiting motion without rotating with respect to the fixed scroll 2. In addition, a solid cylindrical rocking scroll boss 118 is formed at substantially the center of the surface of the rocking scroll 3 opposite to the surface on which the spiral body 3a is formed (hereinafter referred to as a thrust surface 119). . This orbiting scroll boss 118 is fitted (engaged) into an eccentric hole 7a provided at one end (end on the fluid compression mechanism 20 side) of the main shaft 7 described later. The orbiting scroll 3 is slidable through a thrust bearing portion of the thrust surface 119.

  The first frame 8 is press-fitted and fixed to the second frame 40 and supports the orbiting scroll 3 so as to be rotatable. In addition, a through hole is formed in the center portion of the first frame 8 so as to allow the main shaft 7 to pass therethrough. This through-hole functions as a main bearing that rotatably supports a portion of the main shaft 7 on the fluid compression mechanism 20 side. In addition, an oil drain hole penetrating from the thrust surface 119 side of the orbiting scroll 3 to the axial motor 30 side may be formed in the first frame 8. Further, the first frame 8 is formed with a storage space for storing the Oldham ring 9. A space in which the swing scroll boss 118 of the eccentric hole 7a of the main shaft 7 is housed is a swing bearing 3b.

  The Oldham ring 9 is disposed, for example, between the orbiting scroll 3 and the first frame 8, and serves to prevent the rotation motion of the orbiting scroll 3 and to enable a revolving motion. That is, the Oldham ring 9 functions as a rotation prevention mechanism for the orbiting scroll 3. A claw portion is formed on one surface of the Oldham ring 9, and a storage space for accommodating the claw portion of the Oldham ring 9 is formed on one surface of the orbiting scroll 3 and one surface of the first frame 8. The claw portion of the ring 9 is accommodated in the storage space, and the claw portion is slid in the storage space, thereby preventing the rotating motion of the swing scroll 3 and allowing the revolving motion.

  The motor 30 is roughly configured by a stator 30a housed in the hermetic container 1 and fixedly supported, and a rotor 30b that generates torque by being combined with the stator 30a. The stator 30a is configured by mounting a multi-phase winding (not shown) on a laminated iron core (not shown). The rotor 30b is held with a predetermined gap from the inner wall surface of the stator 30a, and rotates when the energization of the stator 30a starts to rotate the main shaft 7. Although not shown in FIG. 1, wiring is provided on the fluid compression mechanism 20 side of the stator 30a constituting the electric motor.

  The main shaft 7 is fixedly supported by the rotor 30b, and one end (the eccentric hole 7a) is coupled to the orbiting scroll boss portion 118. The main shaft 7 rotates with the rotation of the rotor 30b, and turns the swing scroll 3. At one end of the main shaft 7, an eccentric hole 7 a that is rotatably fitted to the orbiting scroll boss portion 118 is formed. An oil supply passage 7b penetrating in the axial direction is formed inside the main shaft 7. The oil supply passage 7 b serves as a flow path for the lubricating oil stored in the oil reservoir 13. The lubricating oil accumulated in the oil reservoir 13 is sucked up by driving an oil pump or the like with the rotation of the main shaft 7, flows through the oil supply passage 7b, and slides of the fluid compression mechanism 20 (main bearings and swings). Bearing 3b, thrust bearing portion, etc.).

  The second frame 40 is fixed to the sealed container 1 in order to support the portion on the other end side of the main shaft 7. The second frame 40 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the sealed container 1, and a through hole (sub-bearing) is formed at the center for pivotally supporting the main shaft 7.

  The suction side pipe 103 is connected to the compressor 100 and sucks the working fluid into the sealed container 1 from between the fluid compression mechanism 20 and the motor 30. The suction side pipe 103 is configured to open to a low pressure space in the sealed container 1. The discharge side pipe 104 is connected to the compressor 100 and discharges the working fluid compressed by the fluid compression mechanism 20. The discharge side pipe 104 is configured to open to a discharge space 105 having a high pressure in the sealed container 1.

[Regarding the fixed scroll 2, the reed valve 10, the valve cover 4, the capacity control mechanism 50, and the injection mechanism 60]
Based on FIG. 2, each structure of the fixed scroll 2, the reed valve 10, the valve cover 4, the capacity control mechanism 50, and the injection mechanism 60 will be described in detail. 2A shows a state in which the fixed scroll 2 is viewed from the swing scroll 3 side, and FIG. 2B shows the fixed scroll 2, the reed valve 10, the valve cover 4, the capacity control mechanism 50, and the injection mechanism 60. Each state is shown. In FIG. 2B, the valve presser 11 and the packing 5 are shown together.

  As described above, the discharge port 2 a is formed through the fixed scroll 2. Further, a valve seat 2 b is formed on the back surface of the fixed scroll 2. The valve seat 2 b is configured by forming a recess in a part on the back side of the fixed scroll 2. The valve seat 2b communicates with the discharge port 2a. On the periphery of the discharge port 2a on the back side of the fixed scroll 2, a projection 2d that protrudes toward the valve cover 4 is formed. Further, a capacity control port 51 and an injection port 61 are formed through the fixed scroll 2.

  The reed valve 10 can be used in an operation with a high compression ratio, and the reliability can be improved so as not to cause fatigue failure. The reed valve 10 is attached to the valve seat 2b formed on the fixed scroll 2 as described above. A load is applied to the reed valve 10 attached to the valve seat 2 b by a valve presser 11.

  As described above, the valve cover 4 is provided on the back side of the fixed scroll 2 and covers the fixed scroll 2 together with the reed valve 10 attached to the valve seat 2 b formed on the fixed scroll 2. A through hole 4 a is formed through the valve cover 4. The through hole 4 a is open to the high-pressure space 104 in the sealed container 1. When the valve cover 4 is attached to the fixed scroll 2, the through hole 4 a of the valve cover 4 communicates with the discharge port 2 a of the fixed scroll 2. Therefore, the valve cover 4 is attached to the fixed scroll 2 so as to guide the high-pressure fluid discharged from the discharge port 2a of the fixed scroll 2 to the discharge-side pipe 104 so as not to leak into the low-pressure space.

  Further, as described above, the valve cover 4 is formed with a through hole 4 c communicating with the capacity control port 51 formed in the fixed scroll 2 and a through hole 4 d communicating with the injection port 61. That is, when the valve cover 4 is attached to the fixed scroll 2, not only the through hole 4a communicates with the discharge port 2a, but also the through hole 4c communicates with the capacity control port 51 and the through hole 4d communicates with the injection port 61. It has become. A concave valve seat 4b to which the capacity control mechanism main body 55 is attached is formed at the periphery of the through hole 4c of the valve cover. In addition, a protrusion 4 e that protrudes toward the discharge space 105 is formed on the periphery of the through hole 4 a of the valve cover 4.

  The capacity control mechanism 50 includes a plurality of capacity control ports 51 formed in the fixed scroll 2 and a plurality of capacity controls formed in the fixed scroll 2 through the through holes 4 c formed in the valve cover 4. A capacity control mechanism main body 55 communicating with the port 51, a bypass pipe 53 connecting the capacity control mechanism main bodies 55, a capacity control pipe 52 connected in the middle of the bypass pipe 53, a capacity control port 51, and a capacity control mechanism It is comprised by the through-hole 4c which connects the main body 55.

  The injection mechanism 60 includes an inkjet port 61 formed in the fixed scroll 2, and an injection pipe 62 communicating with the injection port 61 formed in the fixed scroll 2 through a through hole 4 d formed in the valve cover 4. The through-hole 4d that allows the injection port 61 and the injection pipe 62 to communicate with each other.

  Based on FIG. 3, the state which assembled the fixed scroll 2, the reed valve 10, the valve cover 4, the capacity | capacitance control mechanism 50, and the injection mechanism 60 is demonstrated in detail. In FIG. 3, a part of the fixed scroll 2, the reed valve 10, the valve cover 4, a part of the capacity control mechanism 50, and a part of the injection mechanism 60 are shown in a range X.

  A reed valve 10 is attached to a valve seat 2 b formed on the fixed scroll 2. The reed valve 10 can be used in an operation with a high compression ratio as described above. However, in order to realize an operation with a high compression ratio, the base plate of the fixed scroll 2 needs to be thickened. However, if the base plate of the fixed scroll 2 is made thick, the compressor 100 will be increased in size.

  Therefore, in the compressor 100, the valve cover 4 is provided on the back side of the fixed scroll 2. As described above, the valve cover 4 is provided on the back side of the fixed scroll 2 and covers the fixed scroll 2 together with the reed valve 10 attached to the valve seat 2 b formed on the fixed scroll 2. That is, the valve cover 4 has a function of reinforcing the strength of the fixed scroll 2 and a function of securing the installation position of the capacity control mechanism main body 55 constituting the capacity control mechanism 50. Therefore, by providing the valve cover 4, the fixed scroll 2 is interposed between the capacity control mechanism 50 and the injection mechanism 60, the base plate of the fixed scroll 2 is thin, and no separate parts are required for fixing the capacity control mechanism 50. It becomes possible.

[Operation of Compressor 100]
Here, the operation of the compressor 100 will be briefly described.
The rotor 30b rotates by receiving a rotational force from a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 30a. Accordingly, the main shaft 7 fixed to the rotor 30b is rotationally driven. The orbiting scroll 3 is engaged with the eccentric hole 7 a of the main shaft 7, and the rotating rotation motion of the orbiting scroll 3 is converted into the revolution turning motion by the rotation preventing mechanism of the Oldham ring 9. By the rotational drive of the main shaft 7, the working fluid in the hermetic container 1 flows into the compression chamber 108 formed by the spiral body 2c of the fixed scroll 2 and the spiral body 3a of the orbiting scroll 3, and the suction process starts.

  When the working fluid is sucked into the compression chamber 108, the revolving orbiting motion of the eccentric orbiting scroll 3 shifts to a compression process for reducing the volume of the compression chamber 108. That is, in the fluid compression mechanism 20, when the orbiting scroll 3 revolves, the working fluid is taken in from the outermost peripheral openings of the orbiting scroll 3 a and the fixed scroll 2. As the rocking scroll 3 rotates, it is gradually compressed and heads toward the center. The low-pressure refrigerant that has circulated through the refrigeration cycle flows into the sealed container 1 from the suction side pipe 103.

  Then, the working fluid compressed in the compression chamber 108 moves to the discharge process. That is, the working fluid passes through the discharge port 2 a of the fixed scroll 2, and is discharged from the discharge side pipe 104 to the outside of the hermetic container 1 through the reed valve 10 and the valve cover 4 through the discharge space 105. . The refrigerant discharged from the discharge side pipe 104 of the compressor 100 is in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, and first flows into the condenser constituting the refrigeration cycle, and then circulates through each device constituting the refrigeration cycle. Then, it is sucked into the compressor 100 again. Then, when the energization to the stator 30a is stopped, the compressor 100 stops.

  The lubricating oil accumulated in the oil reservoir 13 is driven by the motor 30, so that the main shaft 7 rotates, and accordingly, an oil pump (not shown) is driven, sucked up, flows through the oil supply passage 7 b, and is supplied to the fluid compression mechanism 20. Is done. The lubricating oil that has lubricated the bearings flows into the storage space of the Oldham ring 9 formed in the first frame 8. Since an oil drain hole is formed in the storage space, the lubricating oil that has flowed into the storage space is drained through the oil drain hole.

  When the compressor 100 is operated at the maximum capacity without driving the capacity control mechanism 50 provided on the valve cover 4, one of the components of the capacity control mechanism 50 is guided by introducing the discharge pressure to the capacity control pipe 52. The valve (not shown) is pushed down, and the fluid discharge port of the capacity control mechanism 50 is closed. By doing so, the fluid discharge port of the capacity control mechanism 50 is closed, and the refrigerant compressed by the fluid compression mechanism 20 is not supplied to the bypass pipe 53 constituting the capacity control mechanism 50. It will be discharged to the outside.

  Further, when the capacity control mechanism 50 is driven and the compressor 100 is operated with capacity control, the suction pressure is guided to the capacity control pipe 52 and the valve is pushed up by a spring which is one of the components of the capacity control mechanism 50. The fluid discharge port is opened, the bypass pipe 53 is communicated, a part of the refrigerant in the compression chamber 108 is discharged out of the fixed scroll 2, and the capacity in the compression chamber 108 is controlled.

  Further, when the injection mechanism 60 is used for operation, liquid refrigerant having a pressure higher than that in the compression chamber 108 (refrigerant after condensation and before decompression) is guided to the injection pipe 62 and flows into the compression chamber 108. The capacity of the refrigerant in 108 is increased, and the inside of the compression chamber 108 is cooled. By doing so, the highly compressed refrigerant compressed by the fluid compression mechanism 20 passes through the discharge port 2 a, passes through the reed valve 10, then passes through the valve cover 4 and the discharge side pipe 104, and goes outside the compressor 100. Discharged.

[Contrast with conventional technology]
FIG. 4 is a graph for explaining the steady operation range of the compressor 100. Conventionally, as a vehicle heating operation, a heater heating method has been often adopted. In other words, the scroll compressor has been used exclusively for cooling operation. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider heating operation, and it is not necessary to actively provide an injection mechanism. Further, since the operation is not high in the compression ratio, it is not necessary to use a reed valve, and a simple configuration valve (for example, a round valve) can be used. However, from the viewpoint of environmental problems in recent years, there has been a strong demand for a scroll compressor mounted on a vehicle to perform a heating operation.

  However, if the conventional scroll compressor is allowed to perform the heating operation, the shortage of capacity in the heating operation region will be noticeable (see FIG. 4), and the operation will be high because the operation will be high in the compression ratio. A lot of valve fatigue failure occurred. Therefore, in the compressor 100, the injection mechanism 60 is provided in order to compensate for the lack of capacity in the heating operation region, and the reed valve 10 that can withstand the operation with a high compression ratio is employed. In addition to these, the compressor 100 also employs a capacity control mechanism 50.

  In a conventional scroll compressor, the discharge valve is frequently driven in an operation with a high compression ratio. The reed valve can be used in an operation with a high compression ratio, and the reliability can be improved so as not to cause fatigue failure. The reed valve is usually configured in a shape as shown in FIG. This requires a reed valve installation space on the back (discharge side) of the fixed scroll. Further, in order to use the reed valve, a separate part for covering the reed valve is required in addition to the fixed scroll. Also, this separate part must be formed with a through hole communicating with the fixed scroll discharge port, but when the fixed scroll is fixed with a bolt, the center of the fixed scroll discharge port and the through hole of the separate part is centered. There is a possibility of shifting.

  The capacity control mechanism usually serves to reduce the capacity of the scroll compressor by bypassing the capacity of the refrigerant existing in the compression chamber. Therefore, even when the scroll compressor is controlled at a constant speed, the performance of the scroll compressor can be changed. Normally, the capacity control mechanism is installed on the fixed scroll, but when a reed valve is used, another part that covers the reed valve is installed on the back of the fixed scroll. Therefore, when installing the reed valve and the capacity control mechanism on the fixed scroll, new parts for installing the capacity control mechanism are additionally required. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the size of the sealed container.

  The injection mechanism normally serves to increase the amount of refrigerant by injecting (injecting) liquid refrigerant into the compression chamber in the middle of compression, to ensure the scroll compressor capacity (particularly heating capacity), and to lower the temperature of the discharged refrigerant. Fulfill. Therefore, the operating range of the scroll compressor can be expanded. However, the injection port must always be opened in the compression chamber so that the injected refrigerant does not bypass the suction space.

  In consideration of such a situation, if all of the reed valve, the capacity control mechanism, and the injection mechanism are to be mounted in one sealed container, the sealed container will be enlarged in order to secure installation space for other parts. It will be. In addition, not only the installation space for the capacity control mechanism is required, but also the relationship between the capacity control mechanism and another part needs to be considered, which also leads to an increase in the size of the sealed container. At the same time, in order to always open the injection port to the compression chamber, it is necessary to determine the position of the injection port with high accuracy. Of course, there are also issues of ensuring improved assembly accuracy, lower costs, and improved reliability.

  By the way, when the capacity control mechanism is electrically controlled using a switching element or the like, it may affect the electrical equipment around the location where the scroll compressor is installed. Assuming that the scroll compressor is mounted on a vehicle such as a train, it affects the precision machines that are mounted in addition to the refrigeration cycle device in which the scroll compressor acts as one of the component devices, and the reliability of the entire vehicle It can lead to a loss of sex. Also from this point, there is a demand to mechanically control the capacity control mechanism. However, if the capacity control mechanism is controlled mechanically, in addition to the above-described points, the scroll compressor is further increased in size. In that case, it cannot be applied for vehicles. Therefore, the compressor 100 adopts the following configuration in consideration of the above problems.

[Specific Configuration of Compressor 100]
(1) In the compressor 100, the reed valve 10, the capacity control mechanism 50, and the injection mechanism 60 are mounted in one sealed container 1.
(2) The capacity control mechanism 50 is installed on the valve cover 4 as described above.
(3) The valve cover 4 is easily positioned on the fixed scroll 2 by the protrusion 2 d formed on the back surface of the fixed scroll 2.
(4) Only one injection port 61 is provided at a position where each of the two compression chambers 108 can be injected.

(5) The injection port 61 is formed at a position that is within 360 ° from the end of winding of the spiral body 2c (as low pressure side as possible) and does not interfere with the capacity control pipe 52 and the reed valve 10.
(6) The diameter of the injection port 61 is shorter than the tooth thickness of the spiral body 2c (the compression chamber 108 is not connected to reduce refrigerant leakage loss).
(7) The base plate of the fixed scroll 2 is made as thin as possible. And the position of the bolt hole 2e for fixing the reed valve 10 is outside the outermost periphery of the spiral body 2c (position where the differential pressure from the low pressure is small) (reduction of leakage loss).

(Refrigerant and refrigeration oil used in the compressor 100)
The type of refrigerant used in the compressor 100 is not particularly limited. For example, natural refrigerants such as carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, and helium, alternative refrigerants that do not contain chlorine such as HFC410A, HFC407C, and HFC404A, or existing products are used. Any of the fluorocarbon refrigerants such as R22 and R134a that are used may be used. Moreover, the kind of refrigerating machine oil used for the compressor 100 is not specifically limited, For example, it is good to use MEL32R (for refrigerators) etc.

(Formation position of injection port 61)
The compressor 100 realizes the capability ensuring in the heating area by the injection mechanism 60. The refrigerant injected into the compressor 100 is in a state after condensation and before decompression, that is, a high-pressure liquid.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing a part of the configuration of the back side of the fixed scroll 2. As shown in FIG. 5, a capacity control mechanism main body 55, a capacity control pipe 52, a bypass pipe 53, and an injection pipe 62 are installed on the back side of the valve cover 4. The injection tube 62 is connected to the injection port 61 as described above. The capacity control mechanism main body 55 is attached to the valve seat 4 b of the valve cover 4. The bypass pipe 53 connects the capacity control mechanism main body 55. The capacity control pipe 52 is connected in the middle of the bypass pipe 53. Therefore, the injection port 61 is formed at a position where the injection pipe 62 can be directly extended to the upper part of the sealed container 1 in a limited space on the back side of the valve cover 4.

  Specifically, in the injection port 61, the injection pipe 62 interferes with the capacity control pipe 52 (including the bypass pipe 53), the reed valve 10, and a terminal box (not shown) that is not shown. It is formed in the position which can be extended to the upper part of the airtight container 1 as it is. Since the space on the back side of the valve cover 4 is complicated, it is structurally difficult to form two injection ports 61. Therefore, in the compressor 100, only one injection port 61 is formed.

  6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the formation position of the injection port 61. FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the diameter of the injection port 61. The injection port 61 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As described above, the refrigerant injected into the compressor 100 is in a high pressure state. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the refrigerant is easily injected by installing the injection port 61 on the low pressure side (range A or range B shown in FIG. 6) close to the start of compression. Moreover, the injection port 61 is formed in the position which can be inject | poured into each of the two compression chambers 108 formed by the combination of the spiral body 2c and the spiral body 3a in 1 port shape. By doing so, it can be seen that the two compression chambers 108 are injected as shown in FIG.

  The injection port 61 is formed within 360 ° from the end of winding of the spiral body 2c. Within 360 ° from the end of winding of the spiral body 2c is within the range of a position advanced 360 ° from the inlet side of the spiral flow path formed from the refrigerant inlet side toward the center. By forming the injection port 61 at such a position, the injection can be performed at an early stage during the compression. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, even if the orbiting scroll 3 rotates 360 °, the injection port 61 communicates with the compression chamber 10 closer to the suction side, and the injection is performed at an early stage during the compression. Can be done.

  As described above, the diameter of the injection port 61 is shorter than the tooth thickness of the spiral body 2c. By doing so, the refrigerant compressed through the injection port 61 does not leak into the compression chamber 108 on the low pressure side. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently reduce the refrigerant leakage loss. On the other hand, if the diameter of the injection port is longer than the tooth thickness of the spiral body 2c, the injection port communicates with the two compression chambers 108 as shown in FIG.

[Other configurations]
Since the compressor 100 is horizontal, the suction side pipe 103 is positioned above the sealed container 1 when the compressor 100 is installed. In addition, when the compressor 100 is installed, the suction port of the fixed scroll 2 is also positioned on the upper side. Thereby, the liquid compression countermeasure by a liquid refrigerant is realizable. That is, it is possible to suppress fatigue failure caused by liquid refrigerant entering the compression chamber 108 and liquid compression.

  As described above, according to the compressor 100, the fixed scroll 2 can be thinned by providing the valve cover 4, and the capacity control mechanism 50, the injection mechanism 60, and the reed valve 10 are provided. However, the size of the sealed container 1 is not increased. Further, according to the compressor 100, by providing the valve cover 4, it is possible to suppress the valve destruction due to the pressure difference in the high compression ratio operation. Furthermore, according to the compressor 100, by providing the injection mechanism 60, a heating operation in a low outside air state can be enabled. That is, according to the compressor 100, the functions of the capacity control mechanism 50, the injection mechanism 60, and the reed valve 10 can be sufficiently exerted without increasing the size of the sealed container 1.

  The compressor 100 is particularly effective when installed in a place where the mounting space is limited, such as a vehicle. That is, according to the compressor 100, since it is possible to achieve a high compression ratio operation while realizing miniaturization, it is possible to supply desired cooling capacity and heating capacity even when mounted on a vehicle or the like. .

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airtight container, 2 Fixed scroll, 2a Discharge port, 2b Valve seat, 2c Spiral body, 2d Protrusion part, 2e Bolt hole, 3 Swing scroll, 3a Swirl body, 3b Swing bearing, 4 Valve cover, 4a Through-hole ( (First through hole), 4b valve seat, 4c through hole (second through hole), 4d through hole (third through hole), 4e protrusion, 5 packing, 5a through hole, 5b through hole, 5c through hole, 7 Main shaft, 7a Eccentric hole, 7b Oil supply passage, 8 First frame, 9 Oldham ring, 10 Reed valve, 11 Valve retainer, 13 Oil reservoir, 20 Fluid compression mechanism, 30 Motor, 30a Stator, 30b Rotor, 40 Second frame, 50 capacity control mechanism, 51 capacity control port, 52 capacity control piping, 53 bypass pipe, 55 capacity control mechanism body, 60 injection mechanism, 61 Jection port, 62 injection tube, 100 compressor, 103 suction side pipe, 104 discharge side pipe, 105 discharge space, 108 compression chamber, 118 swing scroll boss, 119 thrust surface.

Claims (3)

An airtight container in which an oil sump is formed;
A fixed scroll provided with a spiral body that is disposed in the sealed container and forms a part of a fluid compression mechanism together with a swing scroll provided with a spiral body;
A reed valve that is disposed on the back of the fixed scroll and opens and closes a discharge port of the fixed scroll;
A valve cover that is disposed on the back side of the fixed scroll and covers the fixed scroll together with the reed valve;
A capacity control mechanism that guides refrigerant in the middle of compression to a low pressure side through a plurality of capacity control ports formed in the fixed scroll;
An injection mechanism for injecting liquid refrigerant into one of a plurality of compression chambers formed by the spiral body of the orbiting scroll and the spiral body of the fixed scroll through one injection port formed in the fixed scroll. When,
With
The valve cover includes
A first through hole communicating with the discharge port of the fixed scroll, a second through hole communicating with a plurality of capacity control ports formed in the fixed scroll, and a third communicating with an injection port formed in the fixed scroll. A through hole is formed,
The capacity control mechanism is
Connected to the capacity control port formed in the fixed scroll through the second through-hole,
The injection mechanism is
Is connected to the injection port formed in the front Symbol fixed scroll through the third through hole,
The horizontal scroll compressor which provided the projection part made to protrude toward the said valve cover side so that it might fit in the 1st through-hole formed in the said valve cover at the edge of the said discharge port of the said fixed scroll . The injection port is
It is formed within the range of a position advanced 360 ° from the inlet side of the spiral flow path formed from the refrigerant inlet side toward the center.
The horizontal scroll compressor according to claim 1 . The diameter of the injection port is
It is shorter than the tooth thickness of the spiral body of the orbiting scroll.
The horizontal scroll compressor according to claim 1 or 2 .

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