JP5502437B2 - Non-destructive quality judgment device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for a nondestructive quality determination device that nondestructively determines the quality of fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, strawberries, apples and pears.

  Conventionally, as a device that can continuously measure the presence or absence of cavities in fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, strawberries, apples, and pears without destroying the fruits and vegetables to be measured, a non-destructive quality judgment device using X-rays is used. It is publicly known. For example, in Patent Document 1, X-rays are irradiated to fruits and vegetables conveyed in a specific direction, and X-rays passing through the fruits and vegetables and emitted to the outside are measured. A nondestructive quality determination device (internal determination device) for fruits and vegetables for determining the presence or absence is disclosed.

  On the other hand, a nondestructive quality determination apparatus using infrared rays is known as an apparatus capable of continuously producing sugar and acidity of fruits and vegetables without destroying the fruits and vegetables. For example, in Patent Document 2, a conveying unit that conveys fruits and vegetables, a quality determination unit that non-destructively determines the sugar content and acidity of fruits and vegetables by irradiating infrared rays, and an image processing unit that analyzes the shape of the fruits and vegetables. A nondestructive quality determination device (internal quality determination device) provided is disclosed. This non-destructive quality determination device determines the sugar content and acidity of fruits and vegetables by measuring the amount of absorption because components related to sugar content and components related to acidity contained in fruits and vegetables absorb specific wavelength components of infrared rays. It is supposed to be.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-174001 JP 2008-14873 A

  However, in the non-destructive quality determination apparatus in Patent Document 1, although the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit or vegetable can be determined, since the determination is performed using X-rays, supervision of a qualified person is necessary, and non-destructive quality determination There was a problem that handling of the device was limited. That is, no one can easily use the nondestructive quality determination device to determine the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables.

  Moreover, in the nondestructive quality determination apparatus in Patent Document 2, there is a problem that although the sugar content and acidity of fruits and vegetables can be determined, the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables cannot be directly determined. In other words, the determination of the presence or absence of cavities inside the fruits and vegetables and the measurement of sugar and acidity of the fruits and vegetables could not be performed with the same device using infrared spectroscopy, and the work efficiency in the nondestructive quality determination device was poor. .

  Therefore, the present invention provides a non-destructive quality determination device that can easily and non-destructively determine the sugar content and acidity of fruits and vegetables and the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

In claim 1, the vegetables and fruits (2), an irradiation means for irradiating the infrared (51) is irradiated by said irradiating means (51), detecting for detecting the infrared rays transmitted through or reflected by the fruit or vegetable (2) Means (52), and a detector that splits the infrared light detected by the detection means (52) with a diffraction grating or a prism that splits light of a specific wavelength, and converts the split light into an electrical signal, A detection result by the spectroscope (60) for transmitting the converted electric signal to the control device (70) and the detection means (52) is acquired, and the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables (2) are measured based on the detection result. Similarly to the sugar content / acidity measurement means (72), the detection result obtained by the detection means (52) is acquired, and the cavity determination means for determining the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruits and vegetables (2) based on the detection result ( 7 The cavity determining means (73) is irradiated from the irradiating means (51) with the same electrical signal acquired from the spectroscope (60) constituting the sugar / acidity measuring means (72). By detecting the amount of absorption of a specific wavelength component in the infrared ray and testing the amount of absorption in advance for each type or variety of the fruits and vegetables (2), the absorption amount and the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables (2) Based on the specific gravity of the predicted fruits and vegetables (2), the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables (2) is predicted by creating a relationship and applying it to the specific gravity map stored in the storage unit (75) of the control device (70). , determine the void content of the fruits or vegetables (2) from the specific gravity, the presence or absence of a cavity in the interior of the fruit or vegetable (2) from the size of the void content was determined simultaneously with the measurement of the sugar content and acidity, the size of the fruit or vegetable (2) Size determining means (74) for determining A plurality of specific gravity maps are stored for each predetermined area of the standard size of the fruits and vegetables (2) in the storage unit (75). In accordance with the standard size of the fruits and vegetables (2) determined by the size determination means (74), a different specific gravity map stored in the storage unit (75) is selected, and the spectroscope (60 is added to the selected specific gravity map. ) Is applied to the absorption amount of the specific wavelength component in the infrared ray obtained based on the electrical signal obtained from (2), and the cavity determining means (73) determines whether or not there is a cavity inside the fruit (2). ) From different specific gravity maps according to size .

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

In claim 1, the vegetables and fruits (2), an irradiation means for irradiating the infrared (51) is irradiated by said irradiating means (51), detecting for detecting the infrared rays transmitted through or reflected by the fruit or vegetable (2) Means (52), and a detector that splits the infrared light detected by the detection means (52) with a diffraction grating or a prism that splits light of a specific wavelength, and converts the split light into an electrical signal, A detection result by the spectroscope (60) for transmitting the converted electric signal to the control device (70) and the detection means (52) is acquired, and the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables (2) are measured based on the detection result. Similarly to the sugar content / acidity measurement means (72), the detection result obtained by the detection means (52) is acquired, and the cavity determination means for determining the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruits and vegetables (2) based on the detection result ( 7 The cavity determining means (73) is irradiated from the irradiating means (51) with the same electrical signal acquired from the spectroscope (60) constituting the sugar / acidity measuring means (72). By detecting the amount of absorption of a specific wavelength component in the infrared ray and testing the amount of absorption in advance for each type or variety of the fruits and vegetables (2), the absorption amount and the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables (2) Based on the specific gravity of the predicted fruits and vegetables (2), the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables (2) is predicted by creating a relationship and applying it to the specific gravity map stored in the storage unit (75) of the control device (70). The cavity ratio of the fruits and vegetables (2) is obtained from the specific gravity, and the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables (2) is determined from the size of the cavity ratio simultaneously with the measurement of the sugar content and the acidity. The presence of cavities inside the fruits and vegetables Nondestructively determination that, at the same time, and can be easily performed.

The size determination means (74) for determining the size of the fruits and vegetables (2) is constituted by an imaging light projecting means (53) and an imaging means (54), and the storage section (75) A plurality of specific gravity maps are stored for each predetermined area of the standard size of the fruits and vegetables (2), and are stored in the storage unit (75) according to the standard sizes of the fruits and vegetables (2) determined by the size determining means (74). Different specific gravity maps are selected, and the absorption amount of a specific wavelength component in infrared rays obtained based on the electrical signal acquired from the spectroscope (60) is applied to the selected specific gravity map, and the cavity determination means (73 ) Determines the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables (2) from the specific gravity maps that differ depending on the size of the fruits and vegetables (2). The variation is less likely to occur in.

  Accordingly, it is possible to accurately determine the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit or vegetable.

The partial cross section side view which shows the whole structure of the nondestructive quality determination apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. The partial cross section top view which shows the whole structure of the nondestructive quality determination apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the control system of the nondestructive quality determination apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. The graph which shows the relationship between the specific gravity of a tomato and the cavity ratio of a tomato. The graph which shows the relationship between the specific gravity of the tomato estimated with the spectrum acquired from the spectrometer, and the specific gravity of the tomato measured with the electronic hydrometer. The graph which shows the relationship between the specific gravity of the tomato estimated with the spectrum acquired from the spectroscope in the tomato of standard size 3L-L, and the specific gravity of the tomato measured with the electronic hydrometer. The graph which shows the relationship between the specific gravity of the tomato estimated with the spectrum acquired from the spectroscope in the tomato of standard size M-3S, and the specific gravity of the tomato measured with the electronic hydrometer.

  A nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, “fruits and vegetables” refers to fruits such as tomatoes, strawberries, apples and pears, and side dishes, and particularly in the present invention, refers to fruits and side dishes that may cause cavities inside.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the nondestructive quality determination device 1 conveys the fruits and vegetables 2 while checking the quality of the fruits and vegetables 2 (the presence or absence of cavities inside the fruits and vegetables 2, the sugar content, the acidity, and the size of the fruits and vegetables 2) Measurement and judgment are performed. The nondestructive quality determination device 1 includes a transport device 3 and a measurement device 4.

  The conveying device 3 conveys the fruits and vegetables 2. .., The left side transport chain 20, the right side transport chain 30, and a driving device such as a motor. In addition, the direction of the arrow 90 in FIG.1 and FIG.2 is defined as the conveyance direction front of the fruits and vegetables 2 by the conveying apparatus 3, and the following description is performed.

  The mounting part 10 mounts the fruits and vegetables 2 on the upper part. The mounting part 10 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped member. A concave portion 11 having a substantially circular shape in plan view is formed on the upper surface of the mounting portion 10 so as to open upward and gradually become deeper from the outer peripheral portion toward the central portion. A through hole 12 is formed in the substantially central portion of the concave portion 11 in plan view, that is, at the deepest portion so as to penetrate the bottom portion up and down.

  The left transport chain 20 and the right transport chain 30 extend along the transport direction, and are disposed to face each other with a predetermined interval in the left-right direction. The left conveyance chain 20 and the right conveyance chain 30 are wound around a sprocket (not shown) at the front end and the rear end in the respective conveyance directions. The left transport chain 20 and the right transport chain 30 can be rotated by driving sprockets provided at respective front end portions or rear end portions by a driving device.

  .. Are arranged at predetermined intervals in the transport direction between the left transport chain 20 and the right transport chain 30. Each placement unit 10 is supported on the upper side of the left conveyance chain 20 and the right conveyance chain 30 by a pin shaft or the like. When the left conveyance chain 20 and the right conveyance chain 30 rotate, the placement units 10, 10... Move from the rear to the front, and the fruits and vegetables 2 placed on the placement unit 10 are conveyed. It becomes.

  The measuring device 4 measures and determines the quality of the fruits and vegetables 2. The measuring device 4 includes a measuring unit 50, a spectroscope 60, a control device 70, and output means 80.

  First, the measurement unit 50 will be described.

  The measuring unit 50 measures the quality of the fruits and vegetables 2. The measurement unit 50 includes an irradiation unit 51, a detection unit 52, an imaging light projecting unit 53, an imaging unit 54, and a housing 55. The measurement unit 50 is disposed in the middle of the conveyance path of the fruits and vegetables 2 conveyed by the conveyance device 3.

  The irradiation means 51 irradiates the fruits and vegetables 2 with infrared rays. The irradiating means 51 has a light emitting unit 51a configured by an LED, a halogen lamp, or the like. The irradiation means 51 is in a housing 55 provided in the middle of the left and right conveyance chains 20 and the right conveyance chain 30 in the front-rear (conveyance) direction, and below the placement unit 10 and the fruits and vegetables 2 placed thereon. Placed in. The irradiating means 51 emits infrared rays upward through the through-holes 12 of the placement unit 10 at a predetermined timing when the transporting fruits and vegetables 2 reach a predetermined position, and the fruits and vegetables 2 on the placement unit 10 are emitted. Irradiate.

  The detection means 52 detects infrared rays that are irradiated on the fruits and vegetables 2 by the irradiation means 51 and transmitted through the fruits and vegetables 2. The detection unit 52 includes a detection unit 52a configured by a photodiode, a phototransistor, a CCD, or the like. The detection means 52 is disposed in the housing 55 so as to face the light emitting part 51a above the placement part 10 and the fruits and vegetables 2 placed thereon. The detection unit 52 detects infrared rays that are emitted from the light emitting unit 51 a of the irradiation unit 51 and transmitted through the fruits and vegetables 2 on the placement unit 10. In the present embodiment, the detection means is configured to detect infrared rays (infrared transmitted light) transmitted through the fruits and vegetables 2, but is configured to detect infrared rays (infrared reflected light) reflected by the fruits and vegetables 2. Also good.

  The imaging light projecting means 53 illuminates the fruits and vegetables 2 conveyed by the conveying device 3 at a predetermined position. The imaging light projecting unit 53 includes a light emitting unit 53a configured by an LED, a halogen lamp, a fluorescent lamp, or the like. The imaging light projecting means 53 is disposed in the housing 55 above the placement unit 10 and the fruits and vegetables 2 placed thereon. The light emitting portion 53a of the imaging light projecting means 53 is directed downward where the left conveyance chain 20, the right conveyance chain 30, and the placement portion 10 are located. The imaging light projecting means 53 illuminates when the fruits and vegetables 2 being conveyed reach the lower part to which the light emitting part 53a is directed.

  The imaging means 54 images the fruits and vegetables 2 conveyed by the conveying device 3 at a predetermined timing. The imaging means 54 is constituted by a CCD camera or the like. The imaging means 54 is located in the housing 55 so as to be able to take an image of the fruits and vegetables 2 illuminated by the imaging light projecting means 53 and more than the placement portion 10 and the fruits and vegetables 2 placed thereon. Arranged above. That is, the imaging unit 54 is disposed in the housing 55 together with the detection unit 52 and the imaging light projecting unit 53, above the mounting unit 10 and the fruits and vegetables 2 mounted thereon.

  The housing 55 is a substantially box-shaped member that covers the irradiation unit 51, the detection unit 52, the imaging light projecting unit 53, and the imaging unit 54. The housing 55 is provided in the middle in the front-rear (conveyance) direction of the left conveyance chain 20 and the right conveyance chain 30. An entrance opening 55 a that communicates the internal space of the housing 55 and the external space is formed on the rear side wall of the housing 55. On the front side wall of the housing 55, an outlet opening 55b that connects the internal space of the housing 55 and the external space is formed. The inlet opening 55a and the outlet opening 55b are formed at positions facing each other, and the left conveyance chain 20 and the right conveyance chain 30 of the conveyance device 3 are disposed through. Thus, the fruits and vegetables 2 transported by the transport device 3 are carried into the internal space of the housing 55 from the entrance opening 55a in the middle of the transport path, and are transported from the exit opening 55b to the external space of the housing 55. The Rukoto.

  By providing such a case 55 in the measurement unit 50, it is possible to reduce disturbance light entering the case 55. In addition, the housing | casing 55 is good also as a structure provided with shielding members, such as a curtain, in the entrance opening part 55a and the exit opening part 55b. Thereby, the disturbance light which penetrates into the housing 55 can be further reduced.

  Next, the spectroscope 60 will be described.

  The spectroscope 60 takes out (splits) light of a specific wavelength, converts the light of the specific wavelength into an electric signal, and outputs it as information on the intensity of the light. The spectroscope 60 includes therein a diffraction grating, a prism, and the like that split light of a specific wavelength, and a detector that converts the split light into an electrical signal. The spectroscope 60 separates infrared rays detected by the detecting means 52 and converts them into electric signals. The spectroscope 60 transmits the converted electrical signal to the control device 70.

  In the present embodiment, the detection means 52 and the spectroscope 60 are provided separately, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the detection means 52 and the spectroscope 60 can be configured integrally, or the spectroscope 60 and the control device 70 can be configured integrally.

  Next, the control device 70 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3.

  The control device 70 controls the transport device 3, the irradiation unit 51, the imaging light projecting unit 53, the imaging unit 54, and the output unit 80, and converts the detection result by the detection unit 52 and the imaging result (imaging data) by the imaging unit 54. Based on this, the quality of the fruits and vegetables 2 is measured and judged. The control device 70 includes a central processing unit, a storage device, and the like, and includes a sugar content / acidity measurement unit 72, a cavity determination unit 73, a size determination unit 74, and a storage unit 75. The control device 70 is connected to the transport device 3, the irradiation unit 51, the imaging light projecting unit 53, the imaging unit 54, and the output unit 80. The control device is connected to the detection means 52 via the spectroscope 60.

  The sugar content / acidity measuring means 72 measures the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the detection result of the detection means 52. Specifically, the sugar content / acidity measuring means 72 measures the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2 based on an electric signal (spectrum) obtained by spectrally converting the infrared rays detected by the detecting means 52 by the spectroscope 60.

  The cavity determination means 73 determines whether or not there is a cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 based on the detection result by the detection means 52, that is, the electrical signal (spectrum) from the spectroscope 60 and the imaging result (imaging data) from the imaging means 54. Judgment. The cavity determination means 73 can also determine the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 based only on the electrical signal (spectrum) from the spectroscope 60.

  The size determination unit 74 determines the standard size (L, M, S, etc.) of the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the imaging result (imaging data) by the imaging unit 54. The size determination unit 74 measures the size (actual value) of the fruit 2 based on the imaging result (imaging data) acquired from the imaging unit 54. Furthermore, the size determination means 74 compares the standard size stored in the storage unit 75 in advance with the measured size (actual value) of the fruits and vegetables 2. Then, the size determination unit 74 determines which standard size of the fruits and vegetables 2 is the determination target fruits and vegetables 2 from the comparison result.

  The storage unit 75 has various programs and data for controlling the transport device 3, the irradiation unit 51, the imaging light projecting unit 53, the imaging unit 54, and the output unit 80, and various types for measuring the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2. Programs and data, various programs and data for determining the presence or absence of cavities inside the fruits and vegetables 2, and various programs and data for determining the standard sizes (L, M, S, etc.) of the fruits and vegetables 2. Store.

  The output unit 80 displays or prints various set values, the quality of the fruits and vegetables 2, various determination results, and the like. The output unit 80 is, for example, a display device such as a display or a printing device such as a printer.

  Next, the operation | movement aspect of the nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fruits and vegetables 2 are transported from the rear in the transport direction, that is, from the upstream side to the front, that is, the downstream side, by the transport device 3 while being placed on the single placement unit 10. Is done. As a method of placing the fruits and vegetables 2 on each placement unit 10 on the upstream side in the conveyance direction, there are a method by an operator's manual operation, a method by an automated apparatus, etc., but the method is not limited. Absent. The fruits and vegetables 2 are transported by the transport device 3 into the housing 55 through the entrance opening 55a.

  The fruits and vegetables 2 conveyed by the conveying device 3 are illuminated by the imaging light projecting means 53 when they reach a predetermined position (a position below the imaging light projecting means 53) facing the light emitting portion 53a of the imaging light projecting means 53. Is done. At this time, the irradiation unit 51 does not perform infrared irradiation.

  When the fruits and vegetables 2 are illuminated by the imaging light projecting means 53, the imaging means 54 images the illuminated fruits and vegetables 2. When the fruits and vegetables 2 are imaged by the imaging unit 54, the cavity determination unit 73 and the size determination unit 74 acquire an imaging result (imaging data) from the imaging unit 54.

  When the size determination unit 74 acquires the imaging result (imaging data) from the imaging unit 54, the size determination unit 74 compares the imaging result (imaging data) with the standard size as a reference to determine the standard size of the fruits and vegetables 2.

  When the imaging unit 54 images the fruits and vegetables 2, the imaging light projecting unit 53 ends the illumination of the fruits and vegetables 2. When the illumination of the fruits and vegetables 2 by the imaging light projecting means 53 is completed, the irradiation means 51 irradiates the fruits and vegetables 2 with infrared rays. The irradiated infrared rays are irradiated to the fruits and vegetables 2 through the through holes 12 of the placement unit 10.

  Infrared rays irradiated by the irradiation means 51 and transmitted through the fruits and vegetables 2 are detected by the detection means 52. When infrared rays are detected by the detection means 52, the spectroscope 60 separates the infrared rays detected by the detection means 52 and converts them into electrical signals. When the infrared rays dispersed by the spectroscope 60 are converted into electric signals, the sugar / acidity measuring means 72 and the cavity determining means 73 acquire the electric signals (spectrum) converted by the spectroscope 60. That is, the sugar content / acidity measurement unit 72 and the cavity determination unit 73 obtain the detection result of the detection unit 52 via the spectroscope 60.

  When the sugar / acidity measuring means 72 acquires an electrical signal (spectrum) from the spectroscope 60, the sugar / acidity measuring means 72 measures the sugar and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the electrical signal. The cavity determining means 73 determines the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 based on the electrical signal (spectrum) from the spectroscope 60 and the imaging result (imaging data) by the imaging means 54. The cavity determining means 73 can also determine the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit 2 from only the electrical signal (spectrum) from the spectroscope 60.

  The fruits and vegetables 2 that have been measured and determined by the measuring unit 50 are conveyed by the conveying device 3 to the outside of the housing 55 through the outlet opening 55b. On the downstream side in the transport direction of the transport device 3, the fruits and vegetables 2 having cavities therein are excluded by a sorting device or manual operation (not shown). On the other hand, the fruits and vegetables 2 exiting the housing 55 are sorted by standard size and by sugar content / acidity by a sorting device or by hand based on the determination results of the sugar content / acidity measurement means 72 and the size determination means 74.

  Next, the determination method about the presence or absence of the cavity of the fruits and vegetables 2 in the control apparatus 70 is demonstrated.

  First, the relationship between the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 and the void ratio will be described. In examining the relationship between the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 and the cavity ratio, experiments were performed using tomatoes as the fruits and vegetables 2. A large number of samples were prepared, and the specific gravity of tomato was measured by an underwater substitution method using an electronic hydrometer. Furthermore, the maximum diameter portion of the tomato where the specific gravity was measured is horizontally cut, and the ratio of the area occupied by the cavity portion to the total area in the horizontal cut surface with respect to the total area of the horizontal cut surface is defined as the tomato cavity ratio. It was measured. As a result, a correlation as shown in FIG. 4 was obtained. That is, it was found that the cavity ratio of tomatoes (fruits and vegetables 2) increases as the specific gravity of tomatoes (fruits and vegetables 2) decreases.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the relationship between the specific gravity (measured value) of tomato measured by an electronic hydrometer and the specific gravity (predicted value) of tomato predicted by an electric signal (spectrum) acquired from the spectroscope 60 It was found to have a certain correlation.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, first, the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 is predicted from the electrical signal (spectrum) acquired from the spectroscope 60, and then the cavity ratio of the vegetables and fruits 2 is obtained from the specific gravity, and the fruits and vegetables are calculated from the size of the cavity ratio. The presence or absence of a cavity in 2 is determined.

  That is, the cavity determination unit 73 predicts the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 using the absorption amount of the specific wavelength component in the infrared rays irradiated from the irradiation unit 51 and the specific gravity map. Specifically, the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 is predicted by fitting the specific gravity map with an absorption amount of a specific wavelength component in infrared rays obtained according to the electric signal (spectrum) acquired from the spectroscope 60. Here, the specific gravity map is a map obtained by obtaining a relationship between the absorbed amount and the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 by conducting a test in advance for each type and variety of the fruits and vegetables 2. The specific gravity map is stored in the storage unit 75 of the control device 70.

  Subsequently, the cavity ratio of the fruits and vegetables 2 is predicted using the specific gravity of the vegetables and fruits 2 predicted as described above and the cavity ratio map. Specifically, the cavity determination means 73 predicts the cavity ratio of the fruits and vegetables 2 by applying the predicted specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 to the cavity ratio map. Here, the cavity ratio map is a map obtained by obtaining a relationship between the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 and the cavity ratio by conducting a test in advance for each kind and variety of the fruits and vegetables 2. The cavity ratio map is stored in the storage unit 75 of the control device 70.

  When the predicted cavity ratio of the fruits and vegetables 2 is larger than a preset value set for each type and variety of the fruits and vegetables 2, the cavity determining means 73 determines that there is a cavity inside the fruits and vegetables 2. On the contrary, when the predicted cavity ratio of the fruits and vegetables 2 is equal to or less than the set value, the cavity determining means 73 determines that there is no cavity inside the fruits and vegetables 2.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the cavity determination means 73 acquires an imaging result (imaging data) from the imaging means 54, and determines the presence or absence of the cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 based on the said imaging result (imaging data). Generally, when a cavity is generated in the fruit 2, the appearance of the fruit 2 is often distorted. Therefore, the presence or absence of the cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 can be determined by measuring the external shape of the fruit and vegetables 2. Therefore, the cavity determining unit 73 acquires the imaging result (imaging data) from the imaging unit 54, and measures the appearance shape of the fruit 2 from the imaging result (imaging data). And the cavity determination means 73 determines the presence or absence of the cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 from the said measurement result.

  As described above, the cavity determination unit 73 determines the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 by simultaneously performing the determination based on the detection result by the detection unit 52 and the determination based on the imaging result (imaging data) by the imaging unit 54. It becomes possible to do. And the cavity determination means 73 determines the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 based on the detection result by the detection means 52, and the determination result based on the imaging result (imaging data) by the imaging means 54 with respect to the determination result It is possible to more accurately determine the presence or absence of cavities in the fruit and vegetables 2 by using as a supplement.

  As described above, the nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 includes the irradiation unit 51 that irradiates the fruits and vegetables 2 with infrared rays, the detection unit 52 that detects the infrared rays that are irradiated by the irradiation unit 51 and transmitted or reflected by the fruits and vegetables 2, and the detection units. 52, the sugar content / acidity measuring means 72 for measuring the sugar content and acidity in the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the detection results, and the cavity determination for determining the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the detection results And means 73.

  By configuring the nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 in this way, it is possible to determine the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2 and the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables 2 using infrared spectroscopy. That is, not only the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2 are measured (determined) by the existing nondestructive quality determination device using infrared rays, which is mainly used when measuring the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2, but also the fruits and vegetables 2 It is possible to determine the presence or absence of a cavity in the interior. Therefore, the determination of the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2 and the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables 2 can be easily performed non-destructively with one apparatus. As a result, for example, work efficiency at the time of quality judgment work by the nondestructive quality judgment device 1 can be improved.

  Further, in the nondestructive quality determination device 1, the cavity determination unit 73 predicts the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the detection result by the detection unit 52, and the cavity inside the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the predicted specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2. The presence or absence of is determined.

  By configuring the non-destructive quality determination device 1 in this manner, it is possible to easily determine non-destructively the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2 and the presence or absence of cavities inside the fruits and vegetables 2.

  Next, the nondestructive quality determination device 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the same components as those of the nondestructive quality determination device 1 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the components is omitted.

  The relationship between the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 and the standard size will be described. As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the relationship between the specific gravity (measured value) of tomato measured with an electronic hydrometer and the specific gravity (predicted value) of tomato predicted by the spectrum acquired from the spectroscope 60 is as follows. It has been found that when the classification is performed for each predetermined area of the standard size (for example, classification into 3L-L and M-3S), the correlation is higher.

  Therefore, in the second embodiment, the fruits and vegetables 2 are classified according to the standard size (L, M, S, etc.) according to the size (measured value) of the fruits and vegetables 2 obtained from the imaging results (imaging data) from the imaging means 54, The specific gravity of the classified fruits and vegetables 2 is predicted. And the presence or absence of the cavity in the inside of fruits and vegetables 2 is determined based on the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 estimated after classifying for every standard size.

  Specifically, the size determination unit 74 measures the size (measured value) of the fruit 2 measured based on the imaging result (imaging data) from the imaging unit 54 and the fruit 2 stored in the storage unit 75 in advance. Are compared with the threshold values of standard sizes (L, M, S, etc.). Then, the size determination means 74 determines which standard size (L, M, S, etc.) is the fruit 2 from which the fruit 2 to be determined is based on the comparison result.

  On the other hand, the storage unit 75 stores a plurality of specific gravity maps for each predetermined area of the standard size of the fruit 2. For example, the first specific gravity map used when the standard size of the fruits and vegetables 2 determined by the size determination means 74 falls within L, and the second specific gravity map used when the standard size of the fruits and vegetables 2 determined by the size determination means 74 falls within M. Are stored in the storage unit 75.

  Then, the cavity determining unit 73 selects a specific gravity map corresponding to the determined standard size of the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the determination result of the size determining unit 74. For example, if the standard size of the fruits and vegetables 2 determined by the size determination unit 74 is L, the cavity determination unit 73 selects the first specific gravity map. The cavity determination unit 73 predicts the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 by fitting the selected specific gravity map with the absorption amount of the specific wavelength component in the infrared rays obtained from the electric signal (spectrum) acquired from the spectroscope 60.

  Furthermore, the cavity determination means 73 predicts the cavity ratio of the fruits and vegetables 2 by applying the predicted specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables 2 to the cavity ratio map. When the predicted cavity ratio of the fruits and vegetables 2 is larger than a preset value for each standard size (L, M, S, etc.) of the fruits and vegetables 2, the cavity determining means 73 determines that there is a cavity inside the fruits and vegetables 2. To do. On the contrary, when the predicted cavity ratio of the fruits and vegetables 2 is equal to or less than the set value, the cavity determining means 73 determines that there is no cavity inside the fruits and vegetables 2. In this way, the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables 2 between the sizes of the fruits and vegetables 2 by determining the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables 2 by classifying according to the standard size (L, M, S, etc.) of the fruits and vegetables 2 This determination result does not vary, and the presence / absence of the cavity can be determined with higher accuracy.

  As described above, the nondestructive quality determination device 1 includes the size determination unit 74 that determines the size of the fruits and vegetables 2, and the cavity determination unit 73 determines the size of the fruits and vegetables 2 based on the determination result of the size determination unit 74. The presence or absence of two cavities is determined.

  By configuring the non-destructive quality determination device 1 in this way, variations in the determination result of the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables 2 between the sizes of the fruits and vegetables 2 are less likely to occur. Therefore, the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit and vegetables 2 can be accurately determined.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nondestructive quality determination apparatus 2 Fruits and vegetables 51 Irradiation means 52 Detection means 72 Sugar | sugar degree / acidity measurement means 73 Cavity determination means 74 Size determination means

Claims (1)

The fruits or vegetables (2), an irradiation means for irradiating the infrared (51), said irradiated by the irradiation means (51), detecting means for detecting the infrared rays transmitted through or reflected by the fruit or vegetable (2) and (52), An infrared ray detected by the detection means (52) is dispersed by a diffraction grating or a prism that separates light of a specific wavelength, and a detector that converts the dispersed light into an electric signal is provided, and the converted electric signal is controlled. A spectroscope (60) transmitting to the device (70);
A sugar content / acidity measuring means (72) for obtaining a detection result by the detection means (52) and measuring the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables (2) based on the detection result;
Similarly, a detection result by the detection means (52) is obtained, and a cavity determination means (73) for determining the presence or absence of a cavity in the fruit and vegetables (2) based on the detection result,
The cavity determination means (73) is a specific electric signal acquired from the spectroscope (60) that constitutes the sugar / acidity measurement means (72), and the specific determination in the infrared rays irradiated from the irradiation means (51) is the same. Detect the amount of absorption of wavelength components,
The absorption amount is created by obtaining a relationship between the absorption amount and the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables (2) by conducting a test in advance for each kind or variety of the fruits and vegetables (2), and storing it in the control device (70). Applying the specific gravity map stored in the part (75) to predict the specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables (2);
Based on the predicted specific gravity of the fruits and vegetables (2), the void ratio of the fruits and vegetables (2) is obtained from the specific gravity, and the presence or absence of cavities in the fruits and vegetables (2) is determined from the size of the void ratio. Judge at the same time,
The size determination means (74) for determining the size of the fruits and vegetables (2) is constituted by an imaging light projecting means (53) and an imaging means (54), and the storage unit (75) includes fruits and vegetables ( 2) storing a plurality of specific gravity maps for each predetermined area of the standard size;
In accordance with the standard size of the fruits and vegetables (2) determined by the size determination means (74), a different specific gravity map stored in the storage unit (75) is selected, and the spectroscope (60 is added to the selected specific gravity map. ) Is applied to the absorption amount of a specific wavelength component in the infrared obtained based on the electrical signal obtained from
The non-destructive quality judging device, wherein the cavity judging means (73) judges the presence / absence of a cavity in the fruit (2) from different specific gravity maps according to the size of the fruit (2) .

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