JP5301469B2 - Ep4受容体アンタゴニストとしてのインドール及びインドリンシクロプロピルアミド誘導体 - Google Patents
Ep4受容体アンタゴニストとしてのインドール及びインドリンシクロプロピルアミド誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5301469B2 JP5301469B2 JP2009550652A JP2009550652A JP5301469B2 JP 5301469 B2 JP5301469 B2 JP 5301469B2 JP 2009550652 A JP2009550652 A JP 2009550652A JP 2009550652 A JP2009550652 A JP 2009550652A JP 5301469 B2 JP5301469 B2 JP 5301469B2
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- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
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Description
本発明は、急性及び慢性疼痛、変形性関節症、関節リウマチ、及び癌等の、EP4受容体により媒介される疾患及び状態の治療に有用なEP4受容体アンタゴニストとしてのインドール及びインドリンシクロプロピルアミド誘導体に関する。医薬組成物及び用途も含む。
本発明は、
式I:
Xは、−COOH又はテトラゾリルであり;
R1及びR2は、独立して、ハロ、C1−4アルキル、C1−4フルオロアルキル、C1−4アルコキシ、C1−4フルオロアルコキシ、及びアセチルからなる群より選択される]
で示される化合物、又はその薬学的に許容され得る塩の属を包含する。
式Ia:
で示される化合物又はその薬学的に許容され得る塩の亜属を包含する。
式Ib:
で示される化合物又はその薬学的に許容され得る塩のクラスを包含する。
式Ic:
で示される化合物又はその薬学的に許容され得る塩のサブクラスを包含する。
以下の略語は示される意味を有する:
「アルキル」、並びに、アルコキシ、アルカノイル等の接頭語「alk」を有するその他の基は、直鎖状若しくは分岐又はそれらの組み合わせであり得る炭素鎖を意味する。アルキル基の例には、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、sec−及びtert−ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、ノニル等を含む。
式Iの化合物は、1又はそれより多い不斉中心を含み、それ故に、ラセミ化合物及びラセミ混合物、シングルエナンチオマー、ジアステレオマー混合物、及び個別のジアステレオマーを生じ得る。本発明は、式Iの化合物におけるかかる異性体のあらゆる形態を包含することを意味する。
用語「薬学的に許容され得る塩」は、無機若しくは有機塩基、又は、無機若しくは有機塩酸を含む薬学的に許容され得る非毒性の塩基又は酸から調整される塩をいう。無機塩基由来の塩には、アルミニウム、アンモニウム、カルシウム、銅、第二鉄、第一鉄、リチウム、マグネシウム、第2マンガン塩、第1マンガン塩、カリウム、ナトリウム、亜鉛等を含む。特に好ましいのは、アンモニウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、カリウム、及びナトリウム塩である。薬学的に許容され得る有機非毒性塩基由来の塩は、第1級アミン、第2級、及び第3級アミン、天然の置換アミンを含む置換アミン、環状アミン及びアルギニン、ベタイン、カフェイン、コリン、N,N’−ジベンジルエチレンジアミン、ジエチルアミン、2−ジエチルアミノエタノール、2−ジメチルアミノエタノール、エタノールアミン、エチレンジアミン、N−エチルモルホリン、N−エチルピペリジン、グルカミン、グルコサミン、ヒスチジン、ヒドラバミン、イソプロピルアミン、リジン、メチルグルカミン、モルホリン、ピペラジン、ピペリジン、ポリアミン樹脂、プロカイン、プリン、テオブロミン、トリエチルアミン、トリメチルアミン、トリプロピルアミン、トロメタミン等の塩基性イオン交換樹脂を含む。
本発明の化合物は、EP4受容体のアンタゴニストであり、したがって、EP4受容体が媒介する疾患の治療に有用である。
式Iの化合物の予防的又は治療的投与量の程度は、もちろん、治療されるべき状態の特性及び深刻さ、及び、用いられる式Iの化合物とその投与経路によって異なる。投与量はまた、個別の患者の年齢、体重、及び応答によって異なるものとなるだろう。通常、1日の投与量範囲は、単回又は分けて投与する場合で、哺乳動物の体重kgあたり、約0.001mgから約100mg、好ましくは、kgあたり約0.01mg〜約50mg、最も好ましくは、kgあたり0.1〜10mgである。一方、ある場合においては、これらの限度を超える投与量を用いることが必要となり得る。
本発明の別の側面は、式Iの化合物及び薬学的に許容され得る担体を含んでなる医薬組成物を提供する。医薬組成物において、用語「組成物」は、活性成分及び担体を構成する不活性成分(薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤)を含む生成物、並びに、2又はそれより多くの成分の組み合わせ、錯化又は凝集から、或いは、1又はそれより多くの成分の分離から、或いは、1又はそれより多くの成分の異なるタイプの反応又は相互作用から、直接的又は間接的に生じる、任意の生成物を包含することを意図する。したがって、本発明の医薬組成物は、式Iの化合物、付加的な活性成分、及び、薬学的に許容され得る賦形剤を混合することにより作られる任意の組成物を包含する。
式Iの化合物は、式Iの化合物が有用である疾患又は状態の治療/予防/抑制又は緩和に用いられる別の薬剤と組み合わせて使用してもよい。かかるその他の薬剤は、通常そのために用いられる経路及び量で、式Iの化合物と同時期に、又は順次投与してもよい。式Iの化合物が1又はそれより多いその他の薬剤と共に同時期に用いられる場合、かかるその他の薬剤を式Iの化合物に加えて含む医薬組成物が好ましい。したがって、本発明の医薬組成物には、式Iの化合物に加えて、1又はそれより多いその他の活性成分とも含むものを含む。別々に投与するか、又は同じ医薬組成物中のいずれかで式Iの化合物と併せてもよいその他の活性成分の例は、限定されるものではないが:セレコキシブ、ロフェコキシブ、エトリコキシブ、バルデコキシブ、又はパレコキシブ等のCOX−2阻害剤;5−リポシキゲナーゼ阻害剤;ジクロフェナク、インドメタシン、ナブメトン、又はイブプロフェン等のNSAID;ロイコトリエン受容体アンタゴニスト;メトトレキサート等のDMARD;アデノシンA1受容体アゴニスト;ラモトリジン等のナトリウムチャンネルブロッカー;グリシン受容体アンタゴニスト等のNMDA受容体モジュレーター;ガバペンチン及び関連化合物;アミトリプチリン等の三環系抗うつ薬;ニューロン安定化抗てんかん薬;ベンラファキシン等のモノアミン作動性取込み阻害剤;オピオイド鎮痛薬;局所麻酔薬;例えばスマトリプタン、ナラトリプタン、ゾルミトリプタン、エレトリプタン、フロバトリプタン、アルモトリプタン若しくはリザトリプタン等のトリプタン類等の5HTアゴニスト;EP1受容体リガンド;EP2受容体リガンド;EP3受容体リガンド;EP1アンタゴニスト;EP2アンタゴニスト;及びEP3アンタゴニストを含む。化合物をその他の治療剤と組み合わせて用いる場合には、化合物を任意の好都合な経路により、順次又は同時に投与してもよい。
式Iの化合物を、それらのin vitro及びin vivoのプロスタノイドアンタゴニスト又はアゴニスト活性及びそれらの選択性を調べるために、以下のアッセイを用いて試験してもよい。試験されるプロスタグランジン受容体活性は、DP、EP1、EP2、EP3、EP4、FP、IP、及びTPである。
全長コード配列に相当するプロスタノイド受容体cDNAsは、哺乳動物の発現ベクター中の適切な部位へとサブクローンされ、HEK293(ebna)細胞へとトランスフェクトされる。個別のcDNAsを発現するHEK293(ebna)細胞を選択下に増殖させ、クローニングリング法を用いて、2〜3週間後に個別のコロニーが単離され、次いで、クローン細胞株へと拡大する。
受容体結合アッセイに用いるために、トランスフェクトしたHEK293(ebna)細胞を培地中で維持し、回収して、プロテアーゼインヒビター存在下で細胞を溶菌後、分画遠心により膜を調整した。プロスタノイド受容体結合アッセイ(DP1、DP2(CRTH2)、EP1、EP2、EP3−III、EP4、FP、IP、及びTP)は、1mM EDTA、2.5−30mMの二価陽イオン及び適当な放射性リガンドを含む10mM MES/KOH(pH6.0)(EP、FP及びTP)又は10mM HEPES/KOH(pH7.4)(DP及びIP)中で行う。合成化合物を、ジメチルスルホキシド中に添加し、インキュベーションの間中、1%(v/v)に一定に保った。反応は膜たんぱく質の添加により開始する。10μMの相当する非放射性のプロスタノイドの存在下で、非特異的な結合を調べる。インキュベーションは、室温又は30℃にて60〜120分間行い、迅速な濾過により終了される。合計の結合から非特異的な結合を差し引くことにより、特異的な結合を計算する。各リガンド濃度における残りの特異的結合を計算し、S字状の濃度−応答曲線を作成するためのリガンド濃度の関数として表す。化合物の結合親和性を、式Ki=InPt/1+[radioligand]/Kd(ここでKdは放射性リガンドに対する平衡解離定数であり:受容体相互作用及びInPtは、量応答性曲線の変曲点である。)から平衡阻害定数(Ki)を計算することによって求める。
受容体リガンドがアゴニスト又はアンタゴニストのいずれであるかを調べるために、HEK−293(ebna)−hEP4細胞中の細胞内cAMPの蓄積の刺激を測定する全細胞セカンドメッセンジャーアッセイを行う。細胞を回収し、25mM HEPES,pH7.4を含むHBSS中に再懸濁する。インキュベーション溶液には、0.5mMのIBMX(ホスホジエステラーゼインヒビター、Biomolより入手可能)を含む。サンプルを、37℃にて10分間インキュベートする。反応を終了させ、次いでcAMPレベルを測定する。リガンドをジメチルスルホキシド中に添加し、インキュベーションの間中、1%(v/v;アゴニスト)又は2%(v/v;アンタゴニスト)に一定に保った。アゴニストについて、セカンドメッセンジャー応答は、リガンド濃度の関数として表し、EC50値及びPGE2標準と比較した最大応答を計算した。アンタゴニストについては、アゴニスト応答を阻害するリガンドの能力を、そのEC70に相当する濃度でのPGE2アゴニスト存在下での投与量応答曲線を作成することにより調べる。IC50値は、PGE2により引き起こされる活性の50%を阻害するのに必要とされるリガンドの濃度として計算される。
方法は、Chanら(J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.274:1531−1537,1995)により記載されたものと同様である。
方法は、Boyceら(Neuropharmacology 33:1609−1611,1994)により記載されたものと同様である。
メスLewisラット(体重146〜170gまで)を計量し、耳に標識し、各群内での体重が均等になるように群(関節炎が引き起こされない陰性対照群、ビヒクル対照群、インドメタシンを1日あたり総量1mg/kg投与した陽性対照群及び試験化合物を1日あたり総量0.001〜10.0mg/kg投与した4つの群)に分ける。6つの群の10匹ずつのラットの後足に、0.1mLの軽油(アジュバント)中に0.5mgのMycobacterium butyricumを含ませて注射し、陰性対照の10匹のラットにはアジュバントを注射しなかった。体重、反対側の肢の体積(水銀置換プレチスモグラフィーにより調べる)、及びX線写真側面像(ケタミン及びキシラジン麻酔により得る)を、アジュバント注射前(−1日目)及び注射後17日から21日目に調べ、第一の足の体積を、アジュバント注射前(−1日目)及び注射後4日及び17日から21日目に調べる。ラットは、X線写真及びアジュバントの注射のために、0.03〜0.1mLのケタミン(87mg/kg)及びキシラジン(13mg/kg)の組み合わせを筋肉内注射することにより、麻酔する。X線写真は、両後足のものを、Faxitron(45kVp、30秒)及びKodak X−OMAT TLフィルムを用いて、0日目及び17〜21日目に撮影し、自動現像機で現像する。X線写真を、実験上の処置を知らされていない観察者による柔軟組織及び硬組織における変化により評価する。以下のX線写真上の変化を、重篤性に従って数値的に段階付けする:柔軟組織体積の増加(0−4)、関節スペースの縮小又は拡大(0−5)、軟骨の減少(0−3)、骨膜反応(0−4)、骨溶解(0−4)、不全脱臼(0−3)、及び変形性関節変形(0−3)。各X線写真上の変化に関する重篤性の数値段階を確立するために、具体的な基準を確立する。足あたりの最大となり得るスコアは26であった。合計一日用量0.1、0.3、1、及び3mg/kg/日の試験化合物、合計一日用量1mg/kg/日のインドメタシン、又はビヒクル(0.5%methocel、滅菌水中)を、アジュバントの注射後から17日から21日間継続して、1日2回、経口投与する。化合物は毎週調製し、使用まで暗所で冷蔵し、投与直前ボルテックスで混合する。
カリウム=4−[1−({[1−(3,4−ジクロロベンジル)−2,3−ジヒドロ−1H−インドール−7−イル]カルボニル}アミノ)シクロプロピル]ベンゾアート
実施例2
1−(3,4−ジクロロベンジル)−N−{1−[4−(1H−テトラゾール−5−イル)フェニル]シクロプロピル}インドリン−7−カルボキサミド
実施例3
4−{1−[({1−[4−(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジル]−1H−インドール−7−イル}カルボニル)アミノ]シクロプロピル}安息香酸
実施例3A
N−エチルエタンアミニウム=4−{1−[({1−[4−(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジル]−1H−インドール−7−イル}カルボニル)アミノ]シクロプロピル}ベンゾアート
実施例4
カリウム=4−{1−[({5−フルオロ−1−[4−(トリフルオロメチル)ベンジル]−1H−インドール−7−イル}カルボニル)アミノ]シクロプロピル}ベンゾアート
Claims (6)
- 請求項5に記載の化合物のジエチルアミン、ナトリウム、カリウム、又はL−リジン塩。
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AU2008221194A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
CA2679175A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
AU2008221194B2 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
JP2010519260A (ja) | 2010-06-03 |
EP2114877A4 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
US20090318518A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
EP2114877B1 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
CN101622230B (zh) | 2012-08-22 |
WO2008104055A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
EP2114877A1 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
ES2400293T3 (es) | 2013-04-08 |
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