JP4863742B2 - 二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物 - Google Patents
二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4863742B2 JP4863742B2 JP2006081219A JP2006081219A JP4863742B2 JP 4863742 B2 JP4863742 B2 JP 4863742B2 JP 2006081219 A JP2006081219 A JP 2006081219A JP 2006081219 A JP2006081219 A JP 2006081219A JP 4863742 B2 JP4863742 B2 JP 4863742B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 70
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims description 70
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 47
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
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- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
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- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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すなわち、本発明の二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物は、所定の潤滑油基油と、チオリン酸エステルとを含有することを特緻とする。
−O−CO−O− (1)
(A1)2−エチルへキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸との混合酸(混合比:2−エチルへキサン酸/3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸=1/1)
(A2)カプリル酸(n−オクタン酸)と2−エチルヘキサン酸とペラルゴン酸(n−ノナン酸)と3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸との混合酸(混合比:カプリル酸/2−エチルヘキサン酸/ペラルゴン酸/3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸=1/4/1/4)混合物
(A3)カプリル酸(n−オクタン酸)と3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸との混合酸(混合比:カプリル酸/3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸=1/4)
(A4)ペラルゴン酸(n−ノナン酸)と3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸との混合酸(混合比:ペラルゴン酸/3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸=1/4)。
Rl−〔(OR2)a−OR3〕b (2)
[式(2)中、Rlは水素原子、炭素数1〜10のアルキル基、炭素数2〜10のアシル基または水酸基を2〜8個有する化合物の残基を表し、R2は炭素数2〜4のアルキレン基を表し、R3は水素原子、炭素数1〜10のアルキル基または炭素数2〜10のアシル基を表し、aは1〜80の整数を表し、bは1〜8の整数を表す。]
[式(3)中、R4〜R6は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子または炭素数1〜8の炭化水素基を表し、R7は炭素数1〜10の2価の炭化水素基または炭素数2〜20の2価のエーテル結合酸素含有炭化水素基を表し、R8は炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基を表し、cはその平均値が0〜10の数を表し、R4〜R8は構成単位毎に同一であってもそれぞれ異なっていてもよく、また一般式(3)で表される構成単位が複数のR7Oを有するとき、複数のR7Oは同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
一般式(5)または(6)で表されるものであり、且つ他方が下記一般式(7)または(8)で表される構造を有するもの;および、その末端のうちの一方が、上記一般式(5)または(6)で表され、且つ他方が下記一般式(9)で表される構造を有するものが好ましい。
[式(5)中、R13〜R15は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子または炭素数1〜8の炭化水素基を表し、R16は炭素数1〜10の2価の炭化水素基または炭素数2〜20の2価のエーテル結合酸素含有炭化水素基を表し、R17は炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基を表し、dはその平均値が0〜10の数を表し、上記一般式(5)で表される末端構造が複数のR160を有するとき、複数のR160はそれぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
[式(7)中、R22〜R24は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子または炭素数1〜8の炭化水素基を表し、R25は炭素数1〜10の2価の炭化水素基または炭素数2〜20の2価のエーテル結合酸素含有炭化水素基を表し、R26は炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基を表し、eはその平均値が0〜10の数を表し、上記一般式(7)で表される末端構造が複数のR250を有するとき、複数のR250はそれぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
(1)末端の一方が一般式(5)または(6)で表され、他方が一般式(7)または(8)で表される構造を有しており、一般式(3)におけるR4〜R6がいずれも水素原子であり、cが0〜4の数であり、R7が炭素数2〜4の2価の炭化水素基であり、且つR8が炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であるもの;
(2)一般式(3)で表される構成単位のみを有するものであって、その末端の一方が一般式(5)で表され、他方が一般式(6)で表される構造を有しており、一般式(3)におけるR4〜R6がいずれも水素原子であり、cが0〜4の数であり、R7が炭素数2〜4の2価の炭化水素基であり、且つR8が炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であるもの;
(3)末端の一方が一般式(5)または(6)で表され、他方が一般式(7)で表される構造を有しており、一般式(3)におけるR4〜R6がいずれも水素原子であり、cが0〜4の数であり、R7が炭素数2〜4の2価の炭化水素基であり、且つR8が炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であるもの;
(4)一般式(3)で表される構成単位のみを有するものであって、その末端の一方が一般式(5)で表され、他方が一般式(8)で表される構造を有しており、一般式(3)におけるR4〜R6がいずれも水素原子であり、cが0〜4の数であり、R7が炭素数2〜4の2価の炭化水素基であり、且つR8が炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基であるもの。
[式(10)中、R34〜R36は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子または炭素数1〜8の炭化水素基を表し、R37およびR39は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ炭素数2〜10の2価の炭化水素基を表し、R38およびR40は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ炭素数1〜10の炭化水素基を表し、fおよびgは同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれその平均値が0〜10の数を表し、上記一般式(10)で表される末端構造が複数のR370またはR390を有するとき、複数のR370またはR390は同一であっても異なっていてもよい]
塩素化リン酸エステルとしては、トリス・ジクロロプロピルホスフェート、トリス・クロロエチルホスフェート、トリス・クロロフェニルホスフェート、ポリオキシアルキレン・ビス[ジ(クロロアルキル)]ホスフェート等;亜リン酸エステルとしては、ジプチルホスファイト、ジペンチルホスファイト、ジへキシルホスファイト、ジヘプチルホスファイト、ジオクチルホスファイト、ジノニルホスファイト、ジデシルホスファイト、ジウンデシルホスファイト、ジドデシルホスファイト、ジオレイルホスファイト、ジフェニルホスファイト、ジクレジルホスファイト、トリプチルホスファイト、トリペンチルホスファイト、トリヘキシルホスファイト、トリへプチルホスファイト、トリオクチルホスファイト、トリノニルホスファイト、トリデシルホスファイト、トリウンデシルホスファイト、トリドデシルホスファイト、トリオレイルホスファイト、トリフェニルホスファイト、トリクレジルホスファイト等、が挙げられる。また、これらの混合物も使用できる。
実施例1〜18、参考例19〜24および比較例1〜11においては、それぞれ以下に示す潤滑油基油及び添加剤を用いて表1〜6に示す組成を有する冷凍機油組成物を調製した。
(潤滑油基油)
基油1:ジペンタエリスリトールと2−エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合酸(混合比:2−エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸=1/1(モル比))とのエステル(40℃における動粘度:220mm2/s)
基油2:ジペンタエリスリトールとカプリル酸、2−エチルヘキサン酸、ペラルゴン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸の混合酸(混合比:カプリル酸/2−エチルヘキサン酸/ペラルゴン酸/3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸=1/4/1/4(モル比))とのエステル(40℃における動粘度:180mm2/s)
基油3:ジペンタエリスリトールとカプリル酸および3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸の混合酸(混合比:カプリル酸/3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸=1/4(モル比))とのエステル(40℃における動粘度:320mm2/s)
基油4:ジペンタエリスリトールとペラルゴン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合酸(混合比:ペラルゴン酸/3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸=1/4(モル比))とのエステル(40℃における動粘度:400mm2/s)
基油5:ペンタエリスリトールと2−エチルヘキサン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合酸(混合比:2−エチルヘキサン酸/3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸=1/1(モル比))とのエステル(40℃における動粘度:68mm2/s)
基油6:ポリプロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル(数平均分子量:1300、40℃における動粘度:100mm2/s)
基油7:エチルビニルエーテルとイソブチルビニルエーテルとの共重合体(エチルビニルエーテル/イソブチルビニルエーテル=9/1(モル比)、40℃における動粘度:68mm2/s)
基油8:分岐型アルキルベンゼン(40℃における動粘度:68mm2/s)
基油9:ナフテン系鉱油(40℃における動粘度:56mm2/s)
(添加剤)
添加剤1:トリフェニルホスフォロチオネート
添加剤2:グリシジル−2,2’−ジメチルオクタノエート
添加剤3:トリクレジルホスフェート
添加剤4:ブチルステアレート。
ASTM D 2670“FALEX WEAR TEST”に準拠して、試料油の温度100℃の条件下で、慣らし運転を150lb荷重の下に1分間行った後に、二酸化炭素冷媒10L/hを吹き込みながら、250lb荷重の下に2時間試験機を運転した。試験後のテストジャーナル(ピン)の摩耗量を測定し、各試料油の潤滑性を評価した。得られた結果を表1〜6に示す。
オートクレーブ中に試料油90gと二酸化炭素冷媒10gと触媒(鉄、銅、アルミの各線)を封入し、175℃に加熱して1週間保持した。1週間後の試料油の酸価を測定し、熱安定性を評価した。得られた結果を表1〜6に示す。
Claims (5)
- 潤滑油基油と、チオリン酸エステルとを含有し、
前記潤滑油基油として、ジペンタエリスリトールと脂肪酸とのエステルを、組成物全量基準で50質量%以上含有することを特徴とする二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物。 - 前記ジペンタエリスリトールと脂肪酸とのエステルにおいて、構成脂肪酸に占める分岐脂肪酸の割合が25mol%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の二酸化炭素用冷凍機油組成物。
- 前記ジペンタエリスリトールと脂肪酸とのエステルにおいて、構成脂肪酸に占める2−エチルへキサン酸および3,5,5−トリメチルへキサン酸の含有割合の合計が75mol%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物。
- エポキシ化合物をさらに含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のうちのいずれか1項に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物。
- 前記チオリン酸エステル以外のリン系添加剤をさらに含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のうちのいずれか1項に記載の二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油組成物。
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