JP4559215B2 - A multi-purpose host system for capturing and displaying invasive cardiovascular diagnostic measurements - Google Patents

Description

  The invention relates to the field of diagnostic medical devices, in particular to identify and / or confirm the efficacy of treatment of indeterminate obstructions in coronary arteries by means of sensors provided at the end of a flexible long member such as a guide wire. The present invention relates to a diagnostic apparatus.

  Innovations in the diagnosis and confirmation of successful levels of treatment for cardiovascular disease are moving from external imaging processes to internal catheter-based diagnostic processes. Diagnosis of cardiovascular disease is made by angiographic imaging, where a radiopaque dye is injected into the vasculature and a raw x-ray image of the portion of the cardiovascular system of interest is taken. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is also used to detect cardiovascular disease non-invasively. Diagnostic devices and processes have also been developed to diagnose cardiovascular occlusions and other vascular diseases with microsensors placed at the ends of flexible elongate members such as guidewires used in catheters or catheter procedures Has been.

  One such microsensor device is a pressure sensor attached to the distal end of a guidewire. One example of such a pressure sensor is described in US Pat. No. 6,106,476 to Corl et al., Which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Such intravascular pressure sensors are used at various points in the vasculature to facilitate the location and determination of critical stenosis or other serious disruption of blood flow in the blood vessels of the human body. Measure blood pressure. Such a device performs an angioplasty procedure by measuring blood pressure in a blood vessel at a number of locations, including both upstream and downstream of the stenosis, and by measuring a pressure differential that indicates the severity of partial occlusion of the blood vessel. Currently used to determine the need to do.

  In particular, a guidewire fitted with a pressure sensor is used to calculate fractional flow retention (or “FFR”). In coronary arteries, FFR is the maximum myocardial flow with normal stenosis / normal maximum myocardial flow. This ratio is approximately equal to the average hyperemia (ie dilated vessel) end coronary pressure Pd divided by the average arterial pressure Pa. Pd is measured with a pressure sensor provided at the distal end of a guide wire or other flexible long member after a hyperemic agent is administered to the blood vessel to cause hyperemia. Pa is measured using various techniques in a region near a stenosis such as an aorta.

  FFR provides a convenient and inexpensive way to assess the severity of coronary and peripheral trauma, especially intermediate trauma. FFR provides an index of stenosis severity that allows a quick decision as to whether occlusion of the artery is sufficient to limit blood flow within the artery and therefore requires treatment. A typical value for FFR is about 1.0. Values below about 0.75 are considered serious and require treatment. Treatment options include angioplasty and stents.

  Another such known microsensor device is a Doppler blood flow rate sensor attached to the end of a guidewire. Such a device emits ultrasound along the vessel axis and observes the Doppler shift of the reflected echo wave to determine an approximation of the instantaneous blood flow velocity. A Doppler transducer on a guidewire that also carries a pressure transducer is described in Corl, US Pat. No. 6,106,476. Such devices are currently used to determine the success of treatments to reduce the severity of vascular occlusion.

  In particular, Doppler transducer sensors are used to measure coronary flow retention (or “CFR”). CFR is a measurement for determining whether or not the stenosis is functionally significant after treatment (for example, after angiogenesis processing). The CFR contains the ratio of blood flow hyperemia average peak velocity to baseline (dormant) average peak velocity. The instantaneous peak velocity (IPV) is the instantaneous peak observation rate of the Doppler spectrum provided by the Doppler transducer. An exemplary method for calculating an average peak velocity (AVP) includes averaging a set of IPVs over a cardiac cycle.

  A known technique for determining whether an angioplasty procedure is effective is to perform an angioplasty procedure, wait several days, and perform thallium scintigraphy (imaging). If the angioplasty procedure was not effective, re-intervention was performed and the damaged organ was treated again with the angioplasty procedure. On the other hand, using CRF, flow measurements are taken immediately after the angioplasty process or stent. The flow measurement is used to determine whether proper flow has been restored to the blood vessel. If not, the balloon is inflated without the need for secondary re-intervention. Normal CFR is greater than about 2, indicating that the damage is not significant. Low values require additional intervention. In addition to using post treatment to determine the efficacy of treatment, CFR may be measured prior to treatment to determine whether treatment is required.

  A guidewire combination device comprising a pressure sensor and a flow sensor having substantially different operating characteristics is described in US Pat. No. 6,106,476 to Corl. Combining pressure and flow sensors in a single flexible long member has been proposed in US Pat. No. 6,106,476 to Corl, but the prior art describes how such a combined sensor can be used in an intravascular environment. It is not described how it is coupled to a console that displays an output corresponding to a signal provided by a flexible long member corresponding to the sensed pressure and flow. In fact, the related art has a special purpose of having a static display interface that displays a static set of parameters corresponding to a specific fixed set of diagnostic measurements (eg, pressure from the aorta and pressure taken from a location near the stenosis). The monitor is equipped. Thus, one type of monitor is used to process and display the sensed pressure in the blood vessel. Another type of monitor provides an output regarding blood flow in the blood vessel. As new intravascular diagnostic devices are developed, yet another special purpose monitor / console is being developed to display the sensed parameters to the physician.

  There is a substantial interest in simplifying all the characteristics of the operating room to reduce the occurrence of errors. As can be imagined, the aforementioned intravascular pressure sensors are used in operating room environments that include many types of sensors and devices for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular conditions. Obviously, when performing such activities, the scope of error is very limited. Despite the interest in simplifying the device and operation, it is potentially inserted into the human vasculature to diagnose fatal signs during the diagnosis and / or medical procedures of arterial disease (eg obstruction) There are a variety of different sensors. The approach taken in the field of interventional cardiac imaging is to provide a number of special purpose monitor consoles. Each monitor type is linked to a specific type of sensor device.

  In the known conventional intravascular pressure sensor to physiological monitor interface structure sold by JOMED of Rancho Cordova, California, the physiological monitor is received by the monitor on a permanently configured display interface 2 Receive and display a set of pressure values corresponding to two different pressure signals. The first pressure signal is provided by an aortic pressure sensor and the second pressure signal corresponds to the pressure sensed by a solid state pressure sensor provided at the distal end attached to the guide wire. The display interface of the monitor is permanently configured to output parameter values corresponding to these two signals. Thus, if a flow signal value display is desired, another monitor such as JOMED's FloMap is used.

  The present invention is flexible to process and display signals provided by invasive cardiovascular sensors to reduce the amount of equipment and procedure complexity for diagnosing cardiovascular stenosis and determining the efficacy of treatment. A solution to the need to provide a versatile host system.

  The present invention particularly comprises a multipurpose host system that facilitates the capture and display of invasive cardiovascular diagnostic measurements. The host system includes a plurality of modular components. The host system includes an external input signal bus interface for receiving data originating from cardiovascular diagnostic measurement sensors such as pressure transducers, Doppler flow transducers, temperature sensors, pH sensors, optical sensors, and the like.

  The host system also includes a plurality of measurement processing components that receive data for a particular sensor type. Those processing components provide diagnostic measurement parameter values according to received data originating from various types of attached sensors. In certain embodiments, processing components are shown by way of example at startup time from component modules dynamically integrated into the host system. This allows the host system functionality to be extended to include new types of sensors without the need to dismantle existing system software.

  The host system also includes a multi-mode graphic user interface host. This interface host has a set of user interfaces for diagnostic measurements. The output interface is integrated with the processing component to display on the graphic user interface a set of output values corresponding to the parameter values provided by the processing component.

The claims set forth the features of the invention with particular details, but the invention, together with objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A versatile host system for capturing and displaying invasive cardiovascular diagnostic measurements provides advantages over previously known systems with respect to the ability to present a display interface to multiple users. Each display interface corresponds to a specific purpose currently configured based on one or more sensor devices to which a multipurpose host is communicatively coupled, for example, to its external signal interface. Host systems have been used to assess the hemodynamic status of arterial occlusion with interventional cardiology such as angiography or interventional procedures such as angioplasty.

  Referring to FIG. 1, an exemplary multi-purpose host system 100 is a personal computer architecture based system for evaluating real-time invasive cardiovascular parameters (eg, blood pressure and flow measurements) within a blood vessel. A multipurpose host system processes input signals from a number of micro sensors (eg Doppler and pressure transducers) attached to a guide wire to make real-time measurements, displays various waveforms and resulting parameters, A high level voltage proportional to the calculated parameter value is output. A device for supplying various data input signals is represented by a pressure input 102, a flow rate input 104, a flow rate input 106, and a temperature input 108. In one embodiment of the invention, the device that provides input to the host system 110 is currently used in an existing, special purpose processing box. With respect to this description, this set is exemplary, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that alternative systems are useful for such diagnostic inputs as pH, ultrasound and vascular light-based cross-sectional images, biochemical markers, tissue property spectrometers, etc Will be easily recognized to receive and process. It is further noted that the displayed output of the host system 100 is not limited to generating measured parameters. Rather, the various modes of the host system 100 can synthesize a generalized measurement of the physiological condition (eg, whether the occlusion is severe and treatment is needed) based on the input parameter values.

  The host system 100 operates in multiple modes, each mode having its own distinct graphic interface (given by the graphic output display 110) and a specific sensor type (via peripheral component interconnect (PCI) card 112). Input parameter values). The PCI card 112, for example, samples data provided by communicatively coupled input sensors and processes the sampled data to provide digital data in a format expected by higher level components of the host system 100. A digital signal processor (DSP) is included. Exemplary processes performed by the DSP include A / D and D / A conversion, FFT, level shift, normalization, and scaling. After processing the data, it is stored in a dual port RAM that is accessed by the host system 100 PCI bus by a high level application process executing on the host system 100.

  In an exemplary embodiment, the input sensor type that drives the output display includes a temperature, flow, temperature sensor attached to a flexible long member that includes a combination positioned, for example, on a single guidewire or catheter. It is out. Indeed, the flexible, module-based architecture (see FIG. 2) of the exemplary host system 110 that supports simultaneous display of many different types of input signals on a single graphic user interface handles sensor input. Even though the modules are running independently in the host system 100, their outputs can be monitored simultaneously on a single interface, which is particularly suitable for such a combination device.

  The exemplary host system 100 operates in a pressure, flow, combined (pressure / flow) mode. Although not essential to the present invention, the operation of each mode is preferably independent of the other modes, and each diagnostic display mode is a specific input signal received by the host system from a communicatively coupled sensor. Driven by a specified set of parameter generation modules associated with. Pressure modes are calculated / obtained parameters such as neighbor-end pressure gradient, end / neighbor pressure ratio, normalized pressure ratio, partial flow retention (normalized pressure ratio under hyperemia) Give the user a choice. In the exemplary embodiment, the flow mode is divided into three modes of operation: peripheral, coronal, and study. Peripheral mode captures measurements of the cerebrum or peripheral vasculature. The coronary mode captures the measurement result of the coronary artery. The study mode provides a superset of additional parameters of interest in the peripheral and coronal modes plus the clinical research environment. The combined mode allows parameters related to pressure and flow modes to be displayed simultaneously on a single graphic display.

  In an embodiment of the present invention, the graphic display interface 110 displays the calculated pressure and flow information in a strip chart graph on the graphic user interface display. The current value is displayed in the same manner as a numerical value, for example. The graph scrolls as new information is calculated and added. The control displayed in the graphic allows the user to stop the scroll graph and scroll back to view the portion of the scroll graph displayed earlier. Additional display methods and techniques will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

  The host system 100 implements an extensible component-based architecture, so the host system 100 can output a graphic display corresponding to an extensible set of input signals provided by sensors that measure its various types and combinations thereof. Supports a virtually unlimited number of operating modes for handling and giving Host system 100 is modularized to support receiving and processing signals of various formats from various devices. In certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the host system 100 (1) processes raw sensor information provided by the transducer / sensor inserted into the patient, and (2) the host system, particularly in digital or analog format. Rely on transducers and external diagnostic instrumentation to provide information to 100. The capabilities of the host system 100 can be expanded by enhancements to the currently installed peripheral component interconnect (PCI) board 110 or the addition of new PCI boards, for example to include additional signal processing capabilities. In an exemplary embodiment, a guidewire (isolated patient) transducer provides low level signals of blood velocity, flow, and pressure. A standard external pressure transducer (isolated patient) may be integrated with the host system to provide a low level of aortic pressure. A high level ECG signal input to the host provides synchronization for computation (not an isolated patient).

  The host system 100 interface includes a plurality of additional interfaces that support the transfer and storage of information regarding the operation of the host system. A data storage device 114, such as a CD-RW or DVD-RW drive, is used to upload new software and store patient data processed and displayed during the diagnostic / treatment procedure. Network interface 116 provides remote access to perform functions similar to those provided by data storage device 114. Audio input 118 allows the user to annotate the input record. The printer 120 prompts to print labels and / or compiled data from the diagnostic / treatment procedure. The set of peripheral / interface components identified in FIG. 1 is exemplary. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that there are many different I / O devices that can be effectively incorporated into the host computer 100 to enhance its availability.

  Although the peripheral components and external interfaces of the exemplary host system 100 have been described, the host system 100 in various display modes associated with various sensed invasive cardiovascular parameters such as intra-arterial temperature, pressure, and blood flow. Reference is made to FIG. 2 illustrating an exemplary internal architecture of the host system 100 that facilitates the operation of PCI card 112 represents a very flexible component of the architecture of host system 100. The PCI card 112 includes a set of external sensor interface circuits for transmitting power and excitation signals to the sensor device and receiving the sensed parameter values shown in FIG. In the example shown, the PCI card 112 includes both analog and digital input and output signals. The analog output signal is driven by the PCI card 112 output circuit in accordance with control commands provided by a high level user mode process executing on the host system 100.

  It should be noted that a wide variety of sensor types are known and the host system 100 is not limited to any particular type of sensor input. Conversely, the host system 100 of the present invention allows a wide range of application specific modules to process and display sensor data provided by various sensor types and combinations of sensor types, including those described herein by way of example. It is intended to provide a broad and extensible multipurpose platform.

  PCI card 112 includes a digital signal processor (or DSP) 200 that operates as a special purpose coprocessor for host system 100. The DSP 200 receives digital samples corresponding to signals received via an external input to the PCI card 200 and performs appropriate processing (eg, FFT, filtering, scaling, normalization, etc.) on the digital / digitized data samples. Execute. The processed data is then located in a dual port RAM within the PCI bus interface 202.

  A kernel mode driver 204 executing on the host system 100 is used to communicate commands and data between the PCI card 112 and a set of user mode processes 206 that drive input parameter values for a number of graphic user interface modes supported by the host system 100. Encourage communication. The kernel mode driver 204 communicates with the PCI bus interface 202 according to a set of methods defined by the PCI application program interface (API) 212. The kernel mode driver 204 extracts the processed sensor data and accesses the PCI registers and ports on the PCI bus interface 202 to generate control commands to the PCI card 112. The kernel mode driver 204 generates startup and diagnostic commands to the PCI card 112 and performs other desired driver functions, including enabling and disabling certain inputs and outputs of the PCI card 112. In one embodiment of the invention, the PCI API 212 is replaced by a different PCI card that includes a different set of input / output interfaces without requiring replacement of the kernel mode driver 204 on which the PCI card 112 is currently installed. Although generalized enough to be able to reconfigure, reconfiguration is required to set up a new connection between the kernel mode driver 204 and PCI interface 202 data and command sources and recipients.

  The kernel mode driver 204 also includes functional components that respond to interruptions generated by the PCI card 112 (eg, data ready, hardware error, etc.). Other exemplary functions performed by the functional components of the kernel mode driver 204 include detection of devices with PCI installed, retrieval of information about installed devices, reading data to / from PCI structure registers / Includes writing, performs a single read / write operation to an I / O port or memory in the PCI interface 202, sets up interrupt processing, allocates resources, and stores sensor device specific data. The function driver module 214 serves to provide input data (eg, instantaneous parameter values such as graphs, pressure and flow velocity) that drive the user mode graphic user interface and is useful for presentation to the user mode process (described below). Respond to new data.

  The user mode level of the host system 100 implements a module / component based architecture. The modular architecture provides a high degree of flexibility to develop new sensor types and corresponding graphic user interfaces and incorporate them into multi-mode host user interfaces. User mode process 206 includes an extensible COM-based host application 222 that serves to present a graphical user interface in multiple interface modes (preferably with touch screen functionality). At startup, the host application 222 shows an example of a set of user interface mode objects from a registry of available user interface mode object classes. Examples of such user mode objects include pressure, flow rate, and combinations thereof. Extending the graphic user interface base set to include new user interface modes such as temperature and pH is achieved by installing one or more new DLLs that contain user interface mode class objects corresponding to the new user interface mode Is done. In one embodiment of the invention, a separate user interface mode component object is provided for each different user interface mode supported by the host application 222.

  The set of user mode processes 206 also includes a set of measurement processing components 224. In one embodiment of the invention, each measurement processing component corresponds to a particular sensor. The measurement processing component 224 is illustrated from a set of sensor specific component object models (COM) provided by one or more dynamically linked library (DLL) files. Each sensor specific component is executed as a thread within the same process, or alternatively as a separate process. Thus, the multi-function of one sensor specific component does not affect the operation of a properly operating sensor specific component. The aforementioned COM method for sensor data processing at user mode level 206 also allows the set of input sensors and the corresponding displayed interface to be easily extended with the installation of a new DLL from which the host system 100 An example of a COM object corresponding to a new sensor input type is shown. The host system 100 shown in FIG. 2 includes the following sensor specific components: pressure 226, flow rate 228, flow rate 230, temperature 232, and auxiliary 234. An exemplary input processed by auxiliary component 234 is a position signal (eg, rotational position, long position along the blood vessel) provided by one or more displacement sensors. The sensor specific component is further described below. Additional component types (eg, temperature, pH, etc.) in the set of measurement processing components 224 are in accordance with alternative embodiments of the host system 100.

  In embodiments of the invention, the set of sensor specific components is expandable. Thus, as new types of sensors are developed in the host system 100, the set of measurement processing components 224 is expanded by developing and dynamically incorporating new sensor specific component objects. Thereafter, the accumulation of new sensor specific component objects is accomplished by appropriately identifying the object as a member of the class of sensor specific measurement processing components 224 shown by way of example when the system 100 is started.

  A set of measurement processing components 224 receives the retrieved sensor data from the PCI interface 202 and drives the input to a particular one of the graphic user interface display modes supported by the host application 222. Communication with the kernel mode process 204 is performed by a sensor component API 238 that allows the measurement processing component 224 to communicate with the application logic component 240. The method of sensor component API 238 is function oriented. An exemplary set of such methods for the sensor component API 238 includes setting the sensor operating state, extracting sensor data, generating control commands to the PCI card 112, and configuring / controlling sensor operation. Application logic component 240 converts a call generated by one of the set of measurement processing components 224 into a call to kernel mode driver 204. The application logic component converts a call generated by one of the set of measurement processing components 224 into a call to the kernel mode driver 204. Application logic component 240 transfers sensor data (generated from PCI interface 202) from kernel mode driver 204 to measurement processing component 224. Communication between the application logic component 240 and the kernel mode driver 204 accessing the DSP 200 and PCI interface 202 is performed according to a digital signal processing (DSP) API 242. The API 242 method is hardware-oriented and includes, for example, handling interrupts, writing DRAM, starting and stopping specific DSP functions for specific sensors and / or interfaces.

  Turning to the general architecture of the host system 100, attention is focused on the multi-mode graphical user interface supported by the host application 222. Furthermore, it is noted that the user interface is preferably enhanced by touch screen functionality. While the various display interfaces are different, it is preferable to share a common look and feel based on common graphic user interface specifications. FIG. 3 shows an exemplary normal graphic user interface specification on which a set of graphic displays is based according to various graphic user interface modes supported by the host application 222.

  An exemplary graphic user interface architecture consists of three dedicated data display areas. The first area 300 is reserved for the display of system and patient information. The second area 302 is reserved for system messages. The third area includes a set of hierarchical screens that include a set of functionally related displays and interactive components that are accessed, for example, by selecting one of a set of tabs 306.

  The first area 300 is unchanged and is displayed during all modes of operation of the host application 222. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first area 300 is a client using one or more of the following fields related to a patient / session: patient name, patient ID-customer specific identification number, physician-affiliated physician name, institution-system. Institution name, date / time-current date and time, brand logo included.

  The second area 302 of the typical layout of the exemplary graphic user interface is reserved for displaying system messages. The second region 302 also persists in all modes of operation. The second area 302 is for example the following fields relating to the display of messages generated by the host system: current state-current operational state or unit state message, alarm event-potential problem and possible treatment Messages that advise the user, error events—messages notifying the user of system errors and possible corrective actions, system modes—messages notifying the user of the current mode of operation of the host system 100.

  The third area 304 is reserved for displaying parameters and input / output data fields, for example according to the current mode of operation of the host system 100 and the display mode of the host application 222. The third region 304 is not unchanged. Rather, the contents of the third region 304 are determined by the specific usage mode in which the host application is operating. In one embodiment of the present invention, the third region 304 operates in one or more of the following modes: system, pressure, flow rate, combo. Additional modes are supported / displayed by the host application 222 in accordance with another embodiment of the host system 100. Such additional modes are for example to display an additional sensor provided / obtained output parameter (eg temperature, pH, etc.) or a new set / combination of pre-existing output parameter display elements. To adapt. Each mode includes at least a second level of the screen when a model is selected by tab 306.

  Referring to FIG. 4, an exemplary graphical user interface suitable for patient information entry according to the system mode of operation of the host application 222 is displayed. In particular, the displayed graphic display corresponds to a user (patient) data entry sub-screen under system mode. While the host system 100 supports the entry of data using a traditional keyboard, in an embodiment of the invention, the user enters patient information via a touch screen keyboard invoked by selection of the keyboard button 400; Edit and / or delete. Referring briefly to FIG. 5, in response to the user's selection of keyboard button 400, the graphical user interface shown in FIG. 4 has been modified to include a touch screen keyboard 500. Instead, the keyboard 500 is provided automatically. The information entered is unchanged during the current session. The patient / system information display area (first area 300) shows the corresponding field changes.

  FIG. 6 includes an exemplary system sub-screen under system mode. The user enters relevant system information, such as customer / mechanism name 602, time / data 603, printer 604, LAN connection, local data store 606, and / or Doppler audio volume 608. The system sub-screen shown in FIG. 6 also preferably includes button / control 610 means that allow the user to initiate a system self-test. User-specific information / structure persists indefinitely and spans multiple patient sessions. The patient / system information area (first area 300) shows the changes entered via this interface.

  FIG. 7 shows an exemplary system setup sub-screen 700 under the system mode of the host application 222. While the system setup interface allows the user to change the default settings, the new default settings are stored in a non-volatile file and persist indefinitely, spanning multiple patient sessions. Default settings are applied to the system setup and reapplied via the reset button. As shown in FIG. 7, the system setup sub-screen includes a new patient button 702 that invokes an interface that allows the user to enter new default settings for the new patient. A store patient study button 704 allows the user to store a session to a permanent device. The recall button 706 invokes an interface that allows the user to review and recreate the stored session. A reset system button 708, when selected, resets system information to default settings. A series of service selection buttons 710 allow a research mode of operation of the host system 100, allow data logging, start of diagnosis of the host system 100, and selection of displayed parameters. Cath Lab ID 712 allows for the specification of specific structures / setups previously stored, for example based on the specific catheter lab in which host system 100 is used. However, the Cath Lab ID 712 field can be used to recreate any particular previously stored structure / setup setting of the host system 100. The intermediate period field 714 allows the operator to specify the number of cardiac cycles used to calculate a single average value (eg, average peak velocity).

  FIG. 8 shows an exemplary network communication setup subscreen 800. In the exemplary embodiment, the sub-screen allows the user to provide information regarding report storage and transfer, connectivity, and format. In the exemplary embodiment, the user enters the DICOM sub-system of the host application 222 system mode to a compliant information management system in DICOM (an exemplary format for digital imaging and communication in medicine, ie, data exchange between two different systems). Interface through the screen 800 interface. Other services provided by the DICOM sub-screen interface include transferring images to a remote DICOM archive and reproducing the images from the remote DICOM archive. The fields of the sub-screen 800 are the patient name 802, the application entity title 804 for specifying the DICOM node with which the host system 100 communicates, the TCP port field 805 for specifying the port through which communication is performed, Internet protocol address 806 identifying the address of the computer, local DICOM storage location 808 identifying the local directory where the host system 100 stores the DICOM file, well known for searching the directory structure of the host system 100 and creating a new directory Browse button 810 to start the specified utility, storage file format 8 that allows the user to select the storage format of the file (eg, DICOM, proprietary, etc.) 12. Includes a structure button 814 that initiates a communication structure based on the identified field data.

  An exemplary set of interfaces associated with the system (management) mode of operation of the host system 100 including the host application 222 will be described. Note the set of diagnostic modes of operation of the host system 100, particularly the display interface associated with the exemplary combined pressure, flow, and operation modes. Referring to FIG. 9, the host application 222 includes a pressure mode setup subscreen 900 that allows the user to specify specific display attributes associated with the display subscreen (see FIG. 10). The pressure mode setup sub-screen 900 preferably provides input characteristics to the user to customize pressure mode operation.

  The pressure mode setup subscreen 900 shown includes a set of low and high level input calibration controls 902a, 902b that allow the user to calibrate the pressure sensor in various ways. The zero button on the calibration control displays 902a, 902b facilitates setting the zero reference for the pressure sensor and the zero output level reference for any external device. Zero level calibration is performed by applying zero pressure (ambient) and selecting the zero button of the calibration control means 902a, 902b. Illustrating by way of example, low level input calibration is achieved via low level input calibration control 902a by applying a low pressure input, setting and adjusting the scale value to the input pressure, and pressing the set button. High level input calibration is achieved via the high level input calibration control 902b by applying a high pressure input, setting and adjusting the scale value to the input pressure, and pressing the set button.

  Although not shown in FIG. 9, the low and high pressure calibrations instead set the zero pressure and calibrate by providing a “slope” or calibration factor that defines the relationship between changes to the input pressure and the input signal. This is done by pressing the button labeled “Scale Value” to enable. The button labeled “Scale Value” actually switches the calibration mode and in response, the calibration display 902a or 902b converts to the calibration factor mode. Rather than supplying the actual pressure, the calibration factor, expressed in microvolts per mmHg, is instead entered by adjusting the displayed value and pressing the set button.

  The pressure mode setup subscreen 900 also includes end input normalization control means 903 for normalizing input pressure measurements from the end pressure sensor via touch screen button control. Normalization is to match the guidewire pressure sensor reading to the aortic pressure. Normalization is achieved by placing the pressure sensor in the appropriate position and selecting the normalization button. This sets a new value for the aortic pressure used to determine the various calculated / displayed output parameter values including the FFR. The zero reference of the end sensor is set by selecting the zero button of the end input normalization control means 903 while applying the zero pressure reference.

  The pressure mode setup sub-screen 900 also includes a set of venous pressure control means 904 that includes venous pressure source control and venous pressure adjustment (up / down) control. Average venous pressure values allow calculation of FFR. Average venous pressure can be input from the transducer via an external monitor or by a user preset value. Selection of the venous pressure source button on the setup sub-screen 900 switches the source. “External” selection designates the venous pressure source as the transducer applied by the patient through the external monitor. The selection of the preset allows the user to enter an assumed value. The selection of up / down control thus increases / decreases the preset value. A preferred range of venous pressure values is about 0-50 mm Hg.

  Analog output offset adjustment 906 provides an interface to the user to adjust the offset and pressure high level analog output of host system 100. The user can increase or decrease the output via the user interface. The output displays the current output adjustment level via the user interface. The analog output is therefore changed. Changes are therefore made by selection of the up / down arrow buttons adjacent to the offset adjustment display to increase / decrease the value. The value changes in steps of, for example, 1 mmHg. A preferred range of values is about -30 to 330 mmHg.

  The setup subscreen 900 also includes maximum / minimum scaling presets 908 for both end and neighborhood pressures. The on / off button enables / disables the autoscaling feature of the neighborhood and end pressure host graphic output display. When autoscaling is activated, the scale of the output display is expanded when it is required to handle an increased range of output pressure. Toggle buttons displayed in both the neighbor and end scaling “adjust” states allow manual adjustment of the maximum and minimum scale values using the up / down arrow buttons. The pressure graph shown in FIG. 10 of the display sub-screen for pressure mode shows the specified scale.

  Referring to FIG. 10, an exemplary pressure mode display subscreen 1000 displays data and pressure mode controls. Data driving the pressure display is provided by the pressure component 226 of the set of measurement processing components 224 identified in FIG. The exemplary pressure mode display subscreen 1000 includes a pressure waveform graph 1002 that includes a number of pressure waveforms, including terminal, venous, and aortic pressure waveforms. The operation / stop control means 1004 stops and starts scrolling. The cursor / position control means 1006 facilitates the search of the waveform. The calculation mode control means 1008 has a first button for selecting a pressure calculation mode (eg, end / neighbor slope, end / neighbor ratio, normalized pressure ratio (NPR) and partial fluid retention (FFR)), and (FFR And a second button for searching for a peak (which is visible only in mode and used to detect the hyperemic response of the peak after injection of the hyperemic agent). When the calculation mode control means 1008 is selected, it changes to the next available type of calculation mode. The exemplary pressure display subscreen 1000 shows instantaneous / current including end pressure, aortic pressure, venous pressure, selected and calculated values (eg, end-neighbor slope, end-neighbor ratio, NPR, FFR). A set of measurement digital displays 1010 is also included. A print button 1012 starts printing the set waveform recorded during the session. Waveform recording is switched on / off by a record button 1014.

  In the described display, the gradient calculation mode is selected. In an exemplary embodiment, the gradient output is measured by taking the difference in pressure before and after the vessel is partially occluded (eg, the aorta). The end-neighbor ratio is calculated by dividing the end pressure by the neighborhood pressure. The normalized pressure ratio is calculated by subtracting the venous pressure from the end and neighboring pressures and taking the ratio. The FFR value is calculated by taking the pressure ratio normalized by the peak hyperemia response. The pressure gradient / ratio across the heart valve is also provided in relation to yet another potentially calculated value provided by the host system 100.

  Next, an exemplary set of user interfaces is shown as being associated with a flow mode of operation of the host system 100 and the host application 222. The flow mode graphic user interface is further separated into a plurality of sub-screens shown here by way of example. Referring to FIG. 11, the setup screen 1100 provides the user with interface setup characteristics to select and customize the flow mode operation of the host system 100 operation. Flow setup, for example, Doppler audio volume and balance 1102 in a set of stereo speakers, signal threshold 1104 via on / off button and threshold adjustment, user can select auto ranging or auto ranging is blocked It includes controls for setting a speed range 1106 that is similar to pressure in that it manually adjusts the maximum value of the scale. The structure button 1108 is switched between the coronary and peripheral arterial structures to take into account the delay in velocity change with respect to the ECG signal.

  The trend setup control means 1110 sets a speed scale and a time base scale for the trend output. Further trended parameters, average peak speed or diagnostic / systolic speed ratio are selected via trend setup control 1110. Other exemplary controls for the flow display mode include sweep speed 1112 (which selects the scroll speed of the spectrum display from three speeds, ie, slow, medium or fast) and (from three positions, ie, low, medium or high). It includes a zero offset 1114 (which selects the zero velocity baseline position) and a flow direction 1116 (which selects the flow direction displayed on the baseline from two directions, forward and reverse). The user can also optionally specify whether or not to display the blood pressure trace 1118 and ECG trace 1119. The user also selectively activates the noise filter 1120. The calibration section 1122 enables the user to enable / disable the output calibration signal and select a specific waveform for performing the calibration.

  Referring to FIGS. 12a-e, the illustrated example set of flow displays is designated by two main flow sensing configurations, as specified by the configuration button 1108 on the flow setup subscreen shown in FIG. Given according to coronal and perimeter. The sub screen 1200 of the flow operation is displayed in the state shown in the figure when the CFR operation button 1201 is selected. In response, the multi-segmented waveform display shows a full waveform graph 1202 and two smaller waveform display output segment graphs 1204 and 1206 corresponding to the base waveform and the peak waveform (under congestion). ing. Specifying the time frame for which data is collected and displayed in graphs 1204 and 1206 first presses the Base / Peak button 1208 to capture the base reading, and then the Base / Peak to capture the peak reading. Determined by pressing button 1208.

  Graphs 1202, 1204, 1206 display flow velocities (based on velocity input data in the form of Doppler spectral arrays) measured by various methods (eg, average peak velocity, medium peak velocity, flow velocity). At each point in time, a set of gray scale values is assigned to each representative frequency component of the display. Intensities are assigned to points along the same time slice of the graph based on the penetration rate of the frequency indicative of blood flow velocity. The display generates a set of markers associated with a particular sensed event. For example, “S” represents a systolic pressure reading and “D” represents a diastolic pressure reading of the cardiac cycle. The user can limit the displayed spectrum by adjusting the threshold background 1104 to exclude low level frequency components. Simultaneously with the velocity spectrum, the instantaneous peak velocity tracking the peak of the blood flow velocity envelope is also displayed.

  In the described embodiment, the instantaneous / current calculated values of the graph parameters are displayed digitally in field 1210 as well. In particular, field 1210 displays instantaneous heart rate, average peak velocity (APV), and diastolic / systolic velocity ratio (DSVR). Additional subfields of field 1210 indicate the APV and DSVR determined during the specified base time span and peak time span. Field 1210 also displays the CFR calculated from the base and peak values. The optimum wire position indicator 1212 visually moves the wire to the user to obtain the optimum placement position. The run / stop button 1214 starts and stops scrolling of the displayed waveform, and the cursor 1215 allows scrolling within the previously displayed section of the waveform. A print button 1216 allows waveform printing. The record button 1218 switches the data / waveform recorder between active / inactive recording states.

  Having described an exemplary interface related to the CFR flow mode, a brief look at other coronal modes supported by the exemplary host system 100 is provided. FIG. 12b shows the display of the host system 100 when the user selects the neighbor / end button 1220 while in the coronary flow structure. Instead of the base / peak button 1201, a neighbor button 1222 and a terminal button 1223 are displayed.

  The neighborhood button 1222 is selected to invoke a pressure input process that is processed by the host system 100 that corresponds to the pressure observed in the neighborhood (previous) stenosis. The corresponding waveform is displayed in graph 1224. End button 1223 is selected to invoke a pressure input process corresponding to the pressure observed at the distal (rear) stenosis. The corresponding waveform is displayed in graph 1226.

  The output display shown in FIG. 12b contains the instantaneous / current calculated values of the parameters of the field 1228 graph. In particular, field 1228 displays instantaneous heart rate, average peak velocity (APV), and diastolic / systolic velocity ratio (DSVR). Additional subfields of field 1228 show the APV and DSVR determined for neighborhood and end pressure readings. Field 1228 also displays the neighborhood / end ratio calculated by host system 100 from the observed neighborhood and end pressure.

  FIG. 12 c shows a graphic output display provided according to trend calculations supported by the host system 100. When a trend action is selected, the host system 100 calculates an average flow velocity value (eg, APV, DSVR, etc.) over a time period (eg, cardiac cycle) and visually provides that value in the form of a graph 1230. When the user selects the trend button 1231, the trend mode is input. In response, an APV button 1232 and a DSVR button 1234 are displayed. Based on the user's choice, the calculated and displayed average is APV or DSVR. It should be noted that the above two trend parameters are merely exemplary, as those skilled in the art will readily recognize that other inputs / calculations are suitable for trend calculation, display and analysis.

  With continued reference to FIG. 12 c, the instantaneous / current calculated value set of the graph parameters is digitally displayed in field 1236. The output parameters displayed in field 1236 are the same as those shown in field 1210 of FIG. 12a. However, the BASE, Peak, and CFR parameters are not calculated by the host system 100 while the trend analysis is being performed. Rather, if these parameters are present, they are retrieved from previous calculations given when the user selects the CFR button 1201. The base value is marked in the trend graph 1230 by “B”, the peak value is marked by “P”, and the starting point of the peak search is marked by “S”. The time scale of the trend graph 1230 is on the order of one minute or several minutes. The time scale of the ECG graph above the trend graph is on the order of a few seconds.

  With reference to FIGS. 12 d and 12 e, the graphic display output is shown for two exemplary peripheral operations supported by the host system 100. These two sub-screens of the flow mode graphic display 1200 are entered by selecting the peripheral configuration via the coronal / peripheral structure button 1108 on the flow setup sub-screen shown in FIG. The peripheral configuration takes into account that in the peripheral aorta, the flow velocity signal delays the ECG signal and hence the peripheral structure introduces a time shift to compensate for the delay.

  FIG. 12d shows the display 1200 when the ratio button 1240 is selected when the host system 100 is in the peripheral flow configuration. Graph 1242 displays a continuous graph showing the calculated flow rate. The base flow rate graph 1244 is provided from data collected by the host system 100 after the base / peak button 1246 is initially selected. The peak flow rate graph 1248 is given from data obtained after the base / peak button 1246 is next selected.

  In the described embodiment, the instantaneous / current calculated values of the graph parameters are displayed digitally in field 1250 as well. In particular, field 1250 displays instantaneous heart rate, APV, and average peak velocity (MVP). An additional subfield of field 1250 indicates the APV and MPV determined during the specified base time span and peak time span. Field 1250 also displays the ratio calculated from the base and peak values.

  FIG. 12e shows the display 1200 when the trend button 1252 is selected with the host system 100 in the peripheral flow configuration. Two snapshot graphs 1244 and 1248 are replaced by a single trend graph 1254. In the described embodiment, the instantaneous / current calculated values of the parameters of the graph are displayed digitally in field 1256 as well. In particular, field 1256 displays instantaneous heart rate, AVP, and average peak velocity (MPV). An additional subfield of field 1256 indicates the APV and MVP determined during the specified base time span and peak time span. Field 1256 also displays the ratio calculated from the base and peak values. However, the displayed Base, Peak, and Ratio values in field 1256 are given from the ratio operation described above with reference to FIG. 12e.

  Yet another exemplary mode of multiple interface modes is a combined mode that provides data from multiple sensors in a single graphic interface. In the example described, there are no new signal input types required to implement an exemplary combination type of graphic display interface. In another embodiment, the combination mode includes additional sensor input types such as temperature input or position sensor. FIG. 13 provides an exemplary combined mode display in which flow and pressure measurements are combined to provide two side-by-side scroll graphs showing flow and pressure parameters sensed during the invasive diagnostic procedure. A flexible long member, such as a guide wire, that is configured as a combination device (which in this particular case includes both a pressure sensor and a Doppler flow sensor) is inserted into the patient. The combination device used in conjunction with the combined output uses a pressure reading to calculate partial flow retention (FFR) and a flow reading to calculate coronary flow retention (CFR). Provide the desired environment. However, it is possible to use the present invention to perform CFR and FFR measurements using uncombined devices, i.e. using a number of known single sensor devices.

  Referring to FIG. 13, the combined mode display screen 1300 includes a first graph 1302 of sensed pressure and a second graph 1304 of flow output parameters such as, for example, Doppler spectral array, average peak velocity, and flow rate. It is out. Instantaneous measurement of end pressure, pressure calculation (based on calculation selected by button 1316) such as gradient pressure 1308 (also displays FFR or other calculated pressure), heart rate 1310, average peak flow A digital display is provided showing velocity 1312, intermediate peak flow velocity 1314.

  The CFR / trend button 1320 provided the user with the ability to select a CFR action or trend action associated with the capture of flow data. A flow rate button 1321 allows selection of a flow rate output mode. As previously described in FIGS. 10 and 12a-e, the screen 1300 is associated with various selectable operations and computational user selections supported by the combined mode of the host system 100 in one embodiment of the present invention. And reconstructed.

  The combination screen 1300 also includes scroll control means in the form of scroll arrows 1322 that allow the user to scroll back and forth along the graphic output. A stop / motion switch button 1324 enables / disables scrolling of graphs 1302 and 1304. A print button 1326 starts printing of the session (or part thereof). The record button 1328 starts and stops recording session data in a switching manner.

  In addition to touch screen control, the host system 100 preferably supports interactive remote control / selection of the various display components shown in the exemplary graphic user interface display described above.

  Having described an exemplary set of graphical user interfaces associated with the host system 100 embodying the present invention, a flow chart summarizing an exemplary set of steps for performing coronary flow retention (CFR) measurements. Note 14. Initially, the user selects the fluid interface mode of the host application 222. Thereafter, during step 1400, the user presses the CFR button 1201 on the display screen to measure CFR. In response, during the period of step 1402, the graph area of screen 1200 is partitioned vertically into an upper half and a lower half. The upper half graph 1202 displays the real-time velocity spectrum currently measured by the Doppler sensor. The lower half of the display area of the graph is divided horizontally into two sections to display a snapshot of the spectral display taken from the upper pane. The lower left region includes the baseline graph 1204 and the lower right region is reserved for the peak response graph 1206.

  During step 1404, the user presses the BASE / PEAK button 1208 on the display 1200 to save the baseline spectral display. A snapshot of the real time spectral display is transferred during step 1406 to the left (baseline) graph 1204 at the bottom of the display.

  Next, at step 1408, a hyperemic agent is injected into the patient. In step 1410, the BASE / PEAK button 1208 is selected for a second time. In response, at step 1412, the host application 222 automatically determines the peak hyperemia response (maximum average peak velocity (APV) —where AVP is determined by averaging the instantaneous peak velocity (IPV) over the cardiac cycle. Will automatically start searching). During step 1414, the snapshot of the real-time spectral display is transferred to the lower right (peak) region of graph 1202. During steps 1416 and 1418, the CFR ratio is periodically recalculated based on the maximum APV found during the search, and the current maximum ratio is digitally displayed in field 1210. When the BASE / PEAK button 1208 is pressed, the search is manually terminated for the third time. If five consecutive seconds have elapsed and the maximum APV has not changed, the search is automatically terminated. The last CFR ratio value is retained in the display when the process of determining the CFR ratio ends.

  Referring to FIG. 15, an exemplary set of steps for performing a partial flow retention (FFR) determination using a pressure mode host system 100 and a guide wire including a pressure transducer is summarized. First, in step 1500, the FFR mode is selected via the calculation mode button of the calculation mode control means 1008. A blood pressure sensor is placed in position to measure the terminal pressure in the blood vessel. Aortic pressure is monitored simultaneously using an aortic pressure sensor. Thereafter, during step 1501 or 1502 (according to a specially selected FFR mode—intracoronary or intravenous), a hyperemic agent is injected into the blood vessel under investigation or taken intravenously. The peak search button of the calculation mode control means 1008 (displayed only in the FFR mode) is selected during step 1504 to observe the blood vessel hyperemia response. While searching in step 1508, the host application 222 displays a “search” prompt in step 1506 until it locates the peak response. When a peak is detected, the FFR value is displayed during step 1510 of display 1000.

  The pressure mode of operation of the host application 222 also preferably supports neighbor / end ratio determination. An exemplary set of steps for such a procedure is shown in FIG. First, in step 1600, the P / D mode is selected via the calculation mode button of the calculation mode control means 1008. This results in a split screen similar to that described above for the CFR ratio determination process summarized in FIG. Next, after moving the pressure sensor to an appropriate location within the vessel to obtain a reading of the neighborhood pressure at step 1602, the user selects a neighborhood button that is displayed when a ratio calculation operation is selected. In response, during step 1604, the host application 222 stores the current neighborhood image in the lower left quadrant of the graph 1002 (with a split screen similar to that displayed in the CRF operation). The guidewire pressure sensor is then moved to a point (relative to the end) beyond the stenosis during step 1606. In step 1608, the end display button provided in the area of the calculation mode control means 1008 is selected on the graphic display screen 1000. In response, during step 1610, the host application 222 stores the current end image in the lower right quadrant of the graph 1002. At step 1612 the neighborhood / end pressure ratio is calculated based on the inputs stored at steps 1604 and 1610 and during step 1614 the P / D ratio is displayed on the display 1000. It should be noted that the order in which the neighborhood and end readings are taken is not important for performing the P / D ratio determination. In fact, in a system where two pressure sensors are simultaneously positioned in place to take neighboring and end readings, the readings are made at substantially the same time.

  A number of exemplary applications of host system 100 and its multi-purpose, multi-mode architecture have been described. That is, the potential structure / application width of this architecture is illustrated by two additional uses including integration of sensor orientation / displacement signals and temperature sensor signals received by PCI card 112 of host system 100. ing. The host system 100 receives, for example, a pressure sensor signal and a sensor displacement signal that allow the host system 100 to provide a map of pressure changes along the blood vessel. As a result, a real-time graphical display can be used, for example, to locate the stenosis or guide the optimal location for treatment of a vascular occlusion. In yet another application supported by the host system 100, a position sensor that identifies angular displacement and displacement along the length of the vessel is attached to a flexible long member by the host system to identify the vessel to identify damage. Integrated with a temperature sensor that provides a temperature map of the wall. Such a map is generated by the host system 100 by rotating a temperature sensor located relative to the vessel wall and indexing the temperature sensor back along the vessel. Host system 100 receives and integrates signals provided by temperature and position sensors to provide a corresponding map.

  The described embodiments of the invention and certain variations thereof are given in the drawings and the accompanying written description. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that numerous variations to the described embodiments are possible with alternative embodiments of the present invention. Such variations include, for example, variations on the function and form and / or content of the functional blocks described and the architecture described, measurements processed by the host system, calculations resulting from the measurements, methods of setting modes and capturing measurements. Contains. Furthermore, imaging data such as intravascular ultrasound, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography, etc. is acquired, analyzed and / or displayed with a multi-purpose application interface supported by the aforementioned host system. The present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described. Rather, the invention is described in the described embodiments and other specifications falling within the scope of the invention and is intended to cover the widest scope permitted by the invention as defined by the claims. is doing.

Invasive cardiovascular diagnostics including an external input signal interface that receives multiple types of diagnostic parameter values and a multi-mode graphical user interface that presents values according to a user selected one of multiple display modes Schematic which shows the system to perform. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example architecture of the system shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary generic graphic user interface specification underlying a set of graphic displays according to various graphic user interface modes supported by a host system implementing the present invention. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary graphical user interface for a patient data entry subscreen in a system display mode of a host system. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary graphical user interface for a user / patient data entry subscreen in a system display mode of a host system that includes a keyboard. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a system structure sub-screen in a system display mode of a host system. FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a system display mode setting sub-screen of a host system. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a communication sub-screen in system display mode of a host system. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary graphical user interface for a host system pressure display mode setting sub-screen. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a display subscreen in a pressure display mode of a host system. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary graphical user interface for a host system flow display mode setting sub-screen. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a display subscreen in a flow display mode of a host system. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a display subscreen in a flow display mode of a host system. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a display subscreen in a flow display mode of a host system. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a display subscreen in a flow display mode of a host system. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a display subscreen in a flow display mode of a host system. FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary graphic user interface for a combination of host system flow and pressure display modes. 7 is a flowchart summarizing a set of steps for performing coronary flow reserve measurements using the multipurpose host system described herein. 7 is a flowchart summarizing a set of steps for performing a partial flow reserve measurement using the multipurpose host system described herein. 6 is a flowchart summarizing a set of steps for performing neighborhood / end pressure ratio measurements using the multipurpose host system described herein.

Claims (10)

In a multipurpose host system for capturing and displaying invasive cardiovascular diagnostic measurements,
An external input signal bus interface for receiving data originating from a cardiovascular diagnostic measurement sensor;
A plurality of measurement processing components that receive data of a particular sensor type and provide diagnostic measurement parameters according to the received data;
A multi-mode graphic user interface host having a set of diagnostic measurement user interfaces including a display component corresponding to a data output provided by a specified one of the plurality of measurement processing components ;
A multi-purpose host system comprising a kernel mode driver that extracts processed sensor data from a peripheral component interconnect card that provides a hardware interface to one or more invasive diagnostic measurement devices .   The multipurpose host system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of measurement processing components includes a blood pressure processing component and a blood velocity processing component.   The multipurpose host system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of measurement processing components includes a position sensor processing component.   The multipurpose host system of claim 2, further comprising a pressure measurement display interface, wherein a ratio of the first measured pressure and the second measured pressure is provided by the pressure measurement display interface.   The multipurpose host system of claim 2, further comprising a pressure measurement display interface, wherein a pressure gradient between the first measured pressure and the second measured pressure is provided by the pressure measurement display.   The multipurpose host system of claim 2, further comprising a flow measurement display interface, wherein the flow measurement display provides a ratio of flow rates under high flow conditions and low speed conditions.   The multipurpose host system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of measurement processing components includes a temperature processing component and a position sensor processing component.   The multi-purpose host system according to claim 1, wherein the multi-mode graphic user interface host includes a first display interface mode in which blood pressure measurement results are displayed and a second display interface in which blood flow measurement results are displayed.   The multi-mode graphic user interface host further graphically illustrates a combination of display elements including pressure measurement display elements from the first display interface mode and flow measurement display elements from the second display interface. The multipurpose host system of claim 8 including a display interface mode.   The multipurpose host system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of measurement processing components are exemplified from component objects.

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