JP4267822B2 - New drug - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JP4267822B2 JP4267822B2 JP2000534631A JP2000534631A JP4267822B2 JP 4267822 B2 JP4267822 B2 JP 4267822B2 JP 2000534631 A JP2000534631 A JP 2000534631A JP 2000534631 A JP2000534631 A JP 2000534631A JP 4267822 B2 JP4267822 B2 JP 4267822B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lactobacillus plantarum
- cfu
- pharmaceutical composition
- deposited
- assigned
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEDVJHCEMCRBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoprim Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(CC=2C(=NC(N)=NC=2)N)=C1 IEDVJHCEMCRBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001082 trimethoprim Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000626 ureter Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003708 urethra Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005186 women's health Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
【0001】
本発明は、有用な薬学的特性を有する新規なラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属の細菌株に関する。本発明はまた、この細菌株を含む薬学的組成物および個人ケア製品ならびに泌尿生殖管感染症を防止するためのこの細菌株の使用に関する。
【0002】
(技術的背景:下記の説明における引用はすべて参考として援用される)
泌尿生殖管領域における通常の細菌フローラは、50を越える種々の細菌種を含む複雑な生態系によって形成されている(Hill他、Scand.J.Urol.Nephrol.1984;86(増刊):23〜29)。正常なフローラは、妊娠可能な女性の膣環境に適合したグラム陽性の桿菌であるラクトバチルス(LB)属に属する細菌が優勢である。これらの細菌はまた、膣内における特定の環境および生態系バランスの維持にも寄与している。
【0003】
膣およびそれ以外の泌尿生殖管領域の多数の細菌フローラの複雑な相互作用パターンに加えて、細菌の増殖特性および付着特性に影響し得る物理的条件の変化を検討する必要がある。LVS細菌株のいくつかは、様々な機構で、潜在的な病原性細菌の増殖を阻害する。LBの代謝によって、多くの他の細菌種には好ましくない膣分泌液の低いpHに寄与する有機酸(特に、乳酸および酢酸)が生成し得る。LBはまた、潜在的に病原性の細菌および酵母の増殖を直接阻害する可溶性物質を産生する。LBはまた、グラム陰性の嫌気性桿菌および腸内細菌科などのカタラーゼ酵素を有していない細菌にとって毒性の過酸化水素を産生し得る。このような阻害特性は、種々のLB細菌株の間で大きく変化し得る(Hooton他、JAMA、1990;265:64〜69)。
【0004】
天然の防御システムが弱い場合、例えば、薬物療法、劣った個人ケア、あるいは皮膚または粘膜の微生物フローラの変化に関連して、潜在的な病原性微生物は臨床的な感染症を引き起こし得る。膣の正常なフローラはLBが優勢であり、周囲のpHは4.5未満である。酵母および腸内細菌はわずかであるか、または存在していない(Redondo−Lopez他、Rev.Inf.Dis.1987;12:856〜872)。膣の細菌フローラの変化が種々の病原的条件に関連して見出され得る。再燃した尿路感染症に罹っている女性は、膣および尿管口における腸内細菌の数が増大しており、そして泌尿生殖管の細菌フローラもまた乳酸菌が激減している(Marrie他、J.Clin.Microbiol.1976、8、67〜72)。感染症の頻度が抗生物質による他の感染症の治療に関連して増大することもまた知られている(Stamey、Rev.Inf.Dis.1987:9(増刊、2):195〜208;Reid他、Curr.Opin.Inf.Dis.1991;4:37〜41)。さらに、度重なる抗生物質治療の病歴を有する子供は尿路感染症により罹りやすいことが明らかにされている(Marild他、Ped.Inf.Dis.1990;22:43〜47)。
【0005】
細菌性膣症においては、LBの数が減少し、pHが上昇する。バクテロイデス(Bacterioides)属の細菌種、ガードネレラ・バギナリス(Gardnerella vaginalis)およびモビルンクス(Mobiluncus)属もまた優勢である(Redondo−Lopez、上記)。腸内細菌の数の増大に伴う膣炎は、多くの場合、抗生物質治療に関連する明らかな問題である。ペニシリンの一般的な経口投与は、膣分泌液における物質の蓄積をもたらし(Sjoberg他、Obstet.Gynecol.1990;75:18〜21)、その後、腸内細菌および酵母のコロニー形成が生じる(Sjoberg他、Gynecol.Obstet.Invest.1992;33:42〜46)。サル(Macaca fascicularis)での研究により、アモキシリンの膣投与によって、尿路病原性大腸菌のコロニー形成を阻害する正常な細菌フローラの能力が損なわれることが明らかにされている(Herthelius他、Infection、1988;16:263〜266)。
【0006】
妊娠期間中、膣フローラの組成は胎児および子供の罹患率に影響し得る。便および膣フローラにおけるB群連鎖球菌(GBS)の存在は一般的である(妊娠した女性の30%までである)。これらの細菌は、通常、女性の健康に対する脅威にはならない。しかし、GBSは重大な感染症を新生児に生じさせることがある。この場合、細菌は、出産前または出産に関連して母親から子供に垂直的に伝わる。他の細菌もまたこのように伝染して、感染症を子供に生じさせることがある。細菌性膣症と早産との間にも強い関係が存在する(Martius他、Arch.Gynecol.Obstet.1990;247:1〜13)。この現象の背後にある機構は不明である。グラム陰性細菌種が優勢になる膣フローラの変化はホスホリパーゼA2の酵素量を増大させ、次いで、この酵素がアラキドン酸から始まるプロスタグランジン合成を開始させ得ることが明らかにされている(Bejar他、Obstet.Gynecol.1981;57:479〜482)。膣症フローラはまた大量のエンドトキシンを産生する(Sjoberg他、Obstet.Gynecol.1991;77:265〜266)。これにより、おそらくはインターロイキン類によって媒介される内因性のプロスタグランジン合成が誘導され得る(Romero他、Obstet.Gynecol.1989;73:31〜34)。
【0007】
LBの理論的に有望な特性により、その目的とする用途を有する市販の調製物においてLBを使用して、膣フローラを補い強化することが考えられる。これは成功しているが、多くの場合、入手できる調製物は、述べられているよりもかなり少ない数のLBを含有していることが多い。調製物の中には汚染されているものもある(Hughes他、Obstet.Gynecol.1990;75(2):244〜248)。LBを加えることによって泌尿生殖管領域における正常な細菌フローラを補い改善するためには、使用する細菌株を注意深く選択する必要である。この目的に好適なLB細菌株は下記の基準を満たさなければならない:
1.そのようなLB細菌株は、腸内細菌、B群連鎖球菌、ブドウ球菌および酵母に対する増殖阻害能を有する可溶性物質を大量に産生しなければならない。
2.そのようなLB細菌株は皮膚および泌尿生殖管領域の粘膜に移動され得なければならない。
3.そのようなLB細菌株は泌尿生殖管領域の上皮細胞表面に付着することができなければならない。
4.そのようなLB細菌株は長期間にわたる貯蔵に耐えることができ、そして種々の種類の調製物においてそのような細菌株を誘導することができなければならない。
5.そのようなLB細菌株は使用時に用品または調製物においてその生存性および特性を保持することができなければならない。
6.そのようなLB細菌株はノノキシノール−9を含有する殺精子調製物に対して感受性であってはならない。
7.そのようなLB細菌株はヒト女性の泌尿生殖管から単離されなければならない。
8.そのようなLB細菌株はヒト泌尿生殖管のLBフローラの存在を可能にしなければならない。
従って、これらの条件を満たす細菌株が求められている。
【0008】
(発明の要旨)
上記条件を満たすLB931と呼ばれるラクトバチルス・プランタルム(Lactobacillus plantarum)の新規な細菌株が単離された。この細菌株は、Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen(Braunschweig、ドイツ)に寄託され、DSM11918のアクセション番号が割り当てられている。従って、LB931は、泌尿生殖管感染症の治療および/または予防に使用することができる。LB931は、薬学的組成物および個人ケア用製品(おむつおよび生理用ナプキンなど)に都合よく含めることができる。
【0009】
(定義)
本明細書中で開示されているように、用語「LB」は、ラクトバチルス属の細菌をいう。
【0010】
本明細書中で開示されているように、用語「泌尿生殖管」は、会陰部、尿道および膣をいう。
【0011】
本明細書中で開示されているように、用語「吸収用品」は、血液または尿などの体液を吸収するのに好適な製造物に関する。そのような用品の例は、女性用衛生製品、失禁ガードおよびおむつが挙げられる。
【0012】
本明細書中で開示されているように、用語「GBS」はB群連鎖球菌をいう。
【0013】
本明細書中で開示されているように、用語「乳酸細菌」は、ラクトバチルス属およびラクトコッカス属に属する細菌などの乳酸を産生する細菌に関する。
【0014】
用語「cfu」は、コロニー形成単位を意味する。
【0015】
(発明の詳細な説明)
本発明は、LB931(DMS11918)として示されるラクトバチルス・プランタルムの新規な細菌株に関する。この細菌株は、非常に多数の病原性微生物の増殖を阻害するので、泌尿生殖器官感染症の予防および/または治療に有用である。この細菌株は耐久性であり、室温での長期間の保存において容易に生存する。従って、LB931を含有する製品は貯蔵寿命が長い。この細菌株は、ヒトの皮膚および膣上皮細胞に容易に移動し得る。LB931は、いくつかの抗生物質および殺精子化合物の治療的濃度に対して耐性である。
【0016】
LB931の阻害特性は調べられている。十分に阻害された細菌種の例には、大腸菌属(Escherichia)、クレブシエラ属(Klebsiella)、プロテウス属(Proteus)、ブドウ球菌属(Staphylococcus)およびB群連鎖球菌である。従って、LB931は、これらの微生物によって引き起こされる感染症の予防および/または治療に有用である。
【0017】
上記のように、本発明はまた、薬学的または生理学的に受容可能なキャリア、賦形剤および/または希釈剤とともにLB931を含む、好ましくは局所投与に好適な様々な薬学的組成物を提供する。一般に、そのようなキャリアは、用いられる投薬量および濃度で被投与者に対して非毒性でなければならない。通常、そのような組成物の調製には、治療薬剤を、緩衝剤、およびグリセリン、ポリエチレングリコールなどのゲル形成薬剤の増粘剤と組み合わせることが伴う。アスコルビン酸などの抗酸化剤、低分子量(約10残基未満)のポリペプチド、タンパク質、炭水化物(グルコース、スクロースおよびデキストリン類を含む)、および他の安定化剤および賦形剤を含めることができる。可能な薬学的組成物は、軟膏、クリーム、液体溶液、坐薬またはカプセルである。
【0018】
本発明はまた、LB931を含む吸収用品に関する。そのような用品は、着用者の皮膚と密着していることを目的とする浸透性の外側シート、使用時に着用者から遠位に置かれていることを目的とする好ましくは液体不浸透性の裏打ちシート、および前記の外側シートと裏打ちシートとの間に配置された吸収構造体を含むことができる。場合により、さらなるシートを、例えば詰め物または類似する材料の形態で、前記の外側シートと吸収構造体との間に置くことができる。拮抗作用性を示す微生物を、吸収用品の種々の部分に配置することができる。例えば、外側シート内に、吸収用品の吸収構造体内に、吸収用品の層の2つの間に、吸収用品における緩やかな挿入製造物に、あるいは特定の他の方法で配置することができる。
【0019】
本発明は、添付した図面を参照して記載される。
図1は、凍結乾燥したLB931の室温(+22℃)および+6℃における安定性を示すグラフである。
図2は、吸収用品に含有されたLB931の安定性を示すグラフである。
図3および図4は、LB931を含むパンティライナーを使用した後での少女の尿管口および会陰部皮膚に移動したLB931の数を明らかにしている。
【0020】
次に、本発明を、下記の実施例を参照して説明する。
実施例1:ラクトバチルス・プランタルムLB931株の単離および分類
細菌サンプルを健康な女性から採取した。これらのサンプルから細菌株を単離し、それらの細菌株を腸内細菌のその増殖阻害能についてスクリーニングした(データは示さず)。健康な妊婦から単離された最も良い細菌株は、試験キットAPI50CH(APIシステムズ、BioMerieux、フランス)によりラクトバチルス・プランタルムと分類され、LB931と命名された。この細菌株は、BCCM/LMG(ベルギー)でのSDS−pageによるDNA分析によって、ラクトバチルス・プランタルム−ペントサス−パラプランタラム(Lactobacillus plantarum−pentosus−paraplantarum)であるとさらに型分類された。
【0021】
実施例2:細菌株LB931の阻害能
この実験の目的は、他の細菌の増殖を阻害する細菌株LB931の能力をさらに明らかにすることであった。LB931を、MRSブロス(Merck、ドイツ)において37℃の温度および5%CO2のもとで一晩増殖させた。108個の細菌を含有する1mlを25mlの溶融した2%寒天MRSブロスに加えた。混合物をペトリ皿に注ぎ、固化させて、上記のように24時間インキュベーションした。M17寒天(Merck、ドイツ)の別の25mlを第1層の上部に注ぎ、平板を室温で4時間置いた。LB931を含まない同様の寒天平板もまた作製して、コントロール平板として使用した。
【0022】
指標細菌を、別に、TY培地(Holm他、APMIS、1967、69、264)において37℃で空気中で培養した。培養物を25区画のBertaniトレーに移した。各区画には0.25ml(106細菌/ml)が含まれた。この各トレーから、細菌を、Steerのスチールピンレプリケーター(Steers他、J.Antibiot.Chemother.1979、9、307)を使用して、ラクトバチルスを含有する寒天平板に移してスタンプした。平板を37℃で一晩インキュベーションした。平板を観察して、a)指標細菌が増殖しているかどうか;b)指標細菌の増殖が阻害されているかどうか;またはc)指標細菌の増殖が生じていないかどうかを明らかにした。
【0023】
妨害試験の結果を表Iに示す。
【表1】
【0024】
これらの結果は、ラクトバチルス・プランタルムLB931が非常に多数の細菌株の増殖を阻害しているか、または妨げていること、および他のラクトバチルスの細菌株はほとんど影響を受けていないことを示している。
【0025】
実施例3:種々の調製物におけるLB931の生存能
a)等量部のスキムミルクおよび0.9%NaClの懸濁物に溶解したLB931。
LB931を、0.9%NaClを含有するスキムミルクに溶解した。次いで、溶解した細菌を種々の温度でインキュベーションした。細菌数を、細胞を計数することによって連続的に追跡した。結果を下記の表IIに示す。
【0026】
【表2】
【0027】
これらの結果は、LB931が、+4℃で、1ヶ月の期間にわたって、スキムミルクおよびNaClの混合物で安定であることを示している。
【0028】
b)LB931のスキムミルク調製物を標準的な方法に従って凍結乾燥した。得られた粉末を室温および+6℃でペトリ皿において保存した。細菌数を7日後および25日後にそれぞれ測定した。結果を下記の表IIIに示す。
【0029】
【表3】
【0030】
凍結乾燥粉末中における細菌数もまた、4週間毎に68週まで追跡した。これらの結果を図1に示す。LB931が室温および+6℃の両方で22週間にわたって安定であることが図から明らかである。1年後、+6℃では、105cfu/mgを越えるLB931が生存している。
【0031】
c)pH6.6の合成尿におけるLB931の生存能を調べた。合成尿は、一価および二価のカチオンおよびアニオンならびに尿素を含有し、GeigyのScientific Tables(第2巻、第8版、1981、53頁)における記載に従って調製した。滅菌した合成尿に微生物用の栄養培地を加えた。栄養培地は、Hook培地およびFSA培地の組成データに従って調製した。1mlの合成尿に103個のLB931細菌を加え、サンプルを32℃で18時間インキュベーションした。インキュベーション後、サンプル中の細菌数は>105/mlであった。LB931は合成尿中で生存し、増殖することができる。
【0032】
d)吸収用品(パンティライナー)でのLB931の生存能を調べた。LB931の懸濁液(150μl)を吸収用品に加えて、その後、この用品を密閉した包装で9ヶ月まで保存した。結果を図2に示す。非常に多くの細菌が7ヶ月間生存していた。
【0033】
e)最後に、LB931を増殖および保存の期間中のその特性について調べた。LB931をMRSブロスで培養し、新しい継代物を3日毎に3ヶ月間にわたって作製した。その後、LB931の開始サンプルおよび最後の継代物を、API試験、PGFE、および妨害試験で比較した。この2つのサンプルはすべての試験において同一であった。このことは、LB931は、増殖培地での貯蔵および数代の継代の後で非常に安定であることを示している。
【0034】
実施例4:女性における会陰部皮膚および尿管口へのLB931の移動
パンティライナーを使用したときに会陰部へのLB931の移動を調べるために下記の試験を行った。すべての被験者は年齢が12才〜60才の女性であり、試験を必要に応じて月経期の間で行った。試験製品を、液体浸透性の外側シート、液体不浸透性の背面層、およびその間にある100g/m2〜200g/m2の化学セルロースパルプの吸収層を含む従来のパンティライナーから製造した。試験製品の吸収面に、LB931細菌の懸濁液を製品あたり109コロニー形成単位の量で噴霧した。
【0035】
13人の被験者の会陰部におけるLB931の存在を明らかにするために、いわゆる綿棒試験を行った。細菌を、滅菌塩化ナトリウム溶液に浸漬した綿チップを含む滅菌スティックを所定の皮膚領域をこすることによって採取した。会陰部皮膚および尿管口におけるLB931および他のLBの存在が明らかにされた。ブランクサンプルを求めるために、被験者をこのようにして調べた。この場合、被験者は、朝、5時間、パンティライナーを着用した。パンティライナーを脱ぎ、そして加えた乳酸細菌および天然の乳酸細菌の存在を、それぞれ、パンティライナーを脱いだ直後、再度測定した。このサンプルはサンプル1と呼ばれた。さらに4時間後〜5時間後、さらなるサンプルを採取し、サンプル2とした。乳酸細菌のタイプを、LB931についてはバンコマイシンを含むロゴサ寒天を使用し、他のLBについては嫌気的にインキュベーションしたロゴサ寒天平板を使用して同定した。さらなる同定をAPI(BioMerieux、フランス)およびPFGE(パルスフィールド電気泳動)によって行った。これらの結果を表IVに示す。LB931は、LB931を噴霧したパンティライナーを使用した後のすべての女性において会陰部皮膚または尿管口で見出すことができる。
【0036】
【表4】
【0037】
実施例5:少女における会陰部皮膚および尿管口へのLB931の移動
3才〜12才の13人の少女が試験に含まれた。会陰部皮膚および尿管口からの細菌サンプルを、綿棒を最初にMRSブロスに浸し、次いでスティックで皮膚表面または上皮表面を穏やかにこすることによって得た。最後に、綿棒を、MRSブロスを含有するサンプル管に浸した。サンプルを下記の計画に従って得た:
サンプル0:ブランクサンプルを、LB931細菌を含む試験に入る前の夕方に得た。1日目の夕方、パンティライナーを着用した。
サンプル1:2日目の朝。新しいパンティライナーを1日中着用する。
サンプル2:サンプルを、任意に行われる入浴の前、および新しいパンティライナーを着用する前の夕方に採取した:2日目の夕方。
サンプル3:サンプル1の場合と同じ手順。3日目の朝。
サンプル4:サンプル2の場合と同じ手順。3日目の夕方。
サンプル5:サンプル1の場合と同じ手順。4日目の朝。
サンプル6:サンプルを、任意に行われる入浴の前の夕方に採取する。夜間はパンティライナーを着用しない:4日目の夕方。
サンプル7:サンプルを5日目の朝に採取する。日中はパンティライナーを着用しない。
サンプル8:最後のサンプルを5日目の夕方に採取する。
【0038】
結果を図3(尿管口)および図4(会陰部皮膚)に示す。結果は、LB931は吸収剤用品から移動し得ることを示している。
【0039】
実施例6:抗生物質および殺精子剤物質に対する感受性
ラクトバチルス・プランタルムLB931のMIC値を、E試験(Brown他、J.Antimicrob.Chemother、1991;27:185〜190)を使用して測定した。結果を下記の表Vに示す:
【0040】
表V
抗生物質 MIC(μg/ml)
アンピシリン 0.19
セフォタキシム 0.094
セフロキシム 0.38
ゲンタマイシン 0.25
イミペネム 0.016
メトロニダゾ−ル >32
エリスロマイシン 0.25
バンコマイシン >256
ピペラシン/タゾバクタム 2
テトラサイクリン 2
トリメトプリム 0.016
ベンジルペニシリン 0.5
【0041】
抗生物質に対する感受性もまた、SIRシステムを使用して測定した。下記の表VIにおいて、Sは感受性を意味し、Rは耐性を示す。
表VI
抗生物質 ゾーン(mm) 判定
セファドロキシル 24 S
クリンダマイシン 35 S
トリ/スルファメトアゾール 43 S
セフタジジム 35 S
アミカシン 30 S
アズトレオナム 0 R
メシリナム 0 R
ナリジキシン酸 0 R
ネチリマイシン 0 R
ニトロフアンチン 36 S
ノルフロキサシン 0 R
トブラマイシン 32 S
メシリナム/アンピシリン 41 S
セフィピロム 47 S
オキサシリン 0 R
セファロチン 22 S
【0042】
LB931は、尿管感染症について通常処方されるいくつかの抗生物質に対して感受性である。しかし、LB931はまた、例えば、ナリジキシン酸およびノルフロキサシンに対して耐性である。LB931はまたバンコマイシンに対して耐性である。
【0043】
MIC試験を殺精子剤のテルギトールについても行った。LB931を、MRS寒天で、5%CO2のもと、37℃で48時間増殖させた。細菌を3mlのMRSブロスに接種し、前記と同じ条件で10時間インキュベーションした。1.5%の培養物を3mlのMRSブロスに再接種し、同じ条件下で18時間インキュベーションした。NP−9テルギトール(Sigma、米国)(ロット:47F0002)を37℃(粘度を低下させた)の温度のMRSブロスで希釈して、40%の貯蔵溶液にした。この貯蔵溶液を使用して、下記濃度の3mlの溶液を調製した:0%、5%、10%、20%、30%および40%。10μlの細菌培養物を各溶液に加えた。ブランク溶液を混合し、MRS寒天平板に加えた。平板を、5%CO2のもと、37℃で48時間増殖させて、細胞密度を測定した。残りの溶液は、混合することなく、5%CO2のもと、37℃で18時間インキュベーションした。30%および40%のNP−9を含有する溶液を37℃のMRSブロス(粘度を低下させた)で希釈した。すべての溶液を激しく混合し、滅菌0.9%NaClで希釈して、MRS寒天平板に加えた。平板を、5%CO2のもと、37℃で48時間インキュベーションして、cfu/mlを求めた。
【0044】
結果を下記の表VIIに示す:
表VII
LB931の接種量は1.0×107cfuであった。
テルギトールNP−9 cfu/ml LB931
0% 2.6×109
1% 2.5×109
5% 2.5×109
10% 1.6×109
20% 1.4×109
30% 1.0×109
40% 6.9×107
【0045】
これらの結果は、LB931が40%までのテルギトールNP−9において十分生存し得ることを示している。
【0046】
実施例7:膣上皮細胞へのLB931の付着
a)LB931懸濁物の調製
LB931をMRS寒天で増殖させた(5%CO2、37℃、48時間)。培養物を3mlのブロスに接種した(5%CO2、37℃、8時間)。得られた培養物の2%を10mlのMRSブロスに再接種した(5%CO2、37℃、18時間)。得られた培養物を20℃およびスィングアウト・ローターにおいて2000rpm(820xg)で8分間遠心分離した。得られた細胞ペレットを5mlの乳酸緩衝液(10mM乳酸、pH4.5、0.15MのNaCl)で洗浄した。細菌を乳酸緩衝液で希釈して、OD500を約1.0(約108cfu/ml)にする。
【0047】
b)膣上皮細胞の調製:
膣上皮細胞を、滅菌綿棒スティックを使用して集め、そして細菌を、4mlの乳酸緩衝液またはPBSを含む小さなチューブに移した。チューブを混合して、綿スティックを取り出した。チューブを、Jouan社のCR−12型スィングアウト・ローターにおいて、700rpmおよび20℃で8分間遠心分離した(約100xg)。得られたペレットを3mlの乳酸緩衝液またはPBSで洗浄した。細胞を血球計で計数して、濃度を、乳酸緩衝液またはPBSを使用して105〜106細胞/mlに調節した。25μlの細胞を、洗浄手順を管理するために顕微鏡スライドに広げた(下記参照)。
【0048】
c)付着試験
0.5mlのLB931懸濁物および0.5mlの細胞懸濁物を1.5mlのエッペンドルフチューブで軽く混合した。コントロールサンプルを、0.5mlの細胞懸濁物および0.5mlの緩衝液を混合することによって調製した。チューブを20℃および2000rpm(約720xg)で遠心分離し、その後、37℃で1時間インキュベーションした。インキュベーション後、チューブを20℃および700rpm(約90xg)で8分間遠心分離した。ペレットを1mlの乳酸緩衝液またはPBSで洗浄した。最後に、ペレットを400μl〜500μlの乳酸緩衝液またはPBSで懸濁した。
【0049】
d)分析
懸濁したペレットの25μlを顕微鏡スライド上で風乾し、その後、固定およびグラム染色を行った。各サンプルから、50個の上皮細胞を分析する。細胞に付着したLB931の数を計数して、結果を5群(0〜10、11〜30、31〜50、51〜100、>100細菌/細胞)に分ける。
【0050】
結果を下記の表VIIIに示す:
【表5】
【0051】
これらの結果により、LB931細菌は、細胞のサンプリング時期とは無関係に、膣上皮細胞に十分に付着することが明らかに示されている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 凍結乾燥したLB931の室温(+22℃)および+6℃における安定性を示すグラフである。
【図2】 吸収用品に含有されたLB931の安定性を示すグラフである。
【図3】 LB931を含むパンティライナーを使用した後での少女の尿管口に移動したLB931の数を示すグラフである。
【図4】 LB931を含むパンティライナーを使用した後での少女の会陰部皮膚に移動したLB931の数を示すグラフである。[0001]
The present invention relates to novel bacterial strains of the genus Lactobacillus having useful pharmaceutical properties. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions and personal care products comprising this bacterial strain and the use of this bacterial strain to prevent urogenital tract infections.
[0002]
(Technical background: All citations in the description below are incorporated by reference)
The normal bacterial flora in the urogenital tract region is formed by a complex ecosystem containing over 50 different bacterial species (Hill et al., Scan. J. Urol. Nephrol. 1984; 86 (extra): 23- 29). Normal flora is dominated by bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus (LB), which is a Gram-positive bacilli adapted to the vaginal environment of fertile women. These bacteria also contribute to the maintenance of specific environmental and ecosystem balance in the vagina.
[0003]
In addition to the complex interaction patterns of numerous bacterial flora in the vagina and other genitourinary tract areas, changes in physical conditions that may affect bacterial growth and attachment characteristics need to be considered. Some LVS bacterial strains inhibit the growth of potential pathogenic bacteria by various mechanisms. Metabolism of LB can produce organic acids (particularly lactic acid and acetic acid) that contribute to the low pH of vaginal secretions, which is undesirable for many other bacterial species. LB also produces soluble substances that directly inhibit the growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria and yeast. LB can also produce hydrogen peroxide that is toxic to bacteria that do not have catalase enzymes, such as Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli and Enterobacteriaceae. Such inhibitory properties can vary greatly between various LB bacterial strains (Hoton et al., JAMA, 1990; 265: 64-69).
[0004]
If the natural defense system is weak, potential pathogenic microorganisms can cause clinical infections, eg, associated with drug therapy, poor personal care, or changes in the skin or mucosal microbial flora. The normal flora of the vagina is dominated by LB and the ambient pH is less than 4.5. Yeast and enterobacteria are scarce or absent (Redondo-Lopez et al., Rev. Inf. Dis. 1987; 12: 856-872). Changes in the vaginal bacterial flora can be found in relation to various pathogenic conditions. Women with relapsed urinary tract infections have an increased number of intestinal bacteria in the vagina and ureteral tract, and the bacterial flora of the genitourinary tract also has a dramatic reduction in lactic acid bacteria (Marrie et al., J Clin. Microbiol. 1976, 8, 67-72). It is also known that the frequency of infection increases in relation to the treatment of other infections with antibiotics (Stamey, Rev. Inf. Dis. 1987: 9 (2), 195-208; Reid Et al., Curr. Opin. Inf. Dis. 1991; 4: 37-41). Furthermore, it has been shown that children with a history of repeated antibiotic treatment are more susceptible to urinary tract infections (Marild et al., Ped. Inf. Dis. 1990; 22: 43-47).
[0005]
In bacterial vaginosis, the number of LB decreases and the pH increases. Bacterial species of the genus Bacteroides, Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus are also prevalent (Redondo-Lopez, supra). Vaginitis with increasing numbers of enteric bacteria is often an obvious problem associated with antibiotic therapy. General oral administration of penicillin results in the accumulation of substances in the vaginal secretions (Sjoberg et al., Obstet. Gynecol. 1990; 75: 18-21), followed by colonization of enteric bacteria and yeast (Sjoberg et al. Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. 1992; 33: 42-46). Studies in monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) show that vaginal administration of amoxiline impairs the ability of normal bacterial flora to inhibit colonization of uropathogenic E. coli (Herthelius et al., Infection, 1988). 16: 263-266).
[0006]
During pregnancy, the composition of the vaginal flora can affect the prevalence of the fetus and children. The presence of group B streptococci (GBS) in stool and vaginal flora is common (up to 30% of pregnant women). These bacteria are usually not a threat to women's health. However, GBS can cause serious infections in newborns. In this case, the bacteria are transmitted vertically from the mother to the child before or in connection with childbirth. Other bacteria can also be transmitted in this way, causing infections in children. There is also a strong relationship between bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth (Martius et al., Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 1990; 247: 1-13). The mechanism behind this phenomenon is unknown. It has been shown that changes in the vaginal flora that predominate for Gram-negative bacterial species increase the amount of phospholipase A2 enzyme, which in turn can initiate prostaglandin synthesis starting with arachidonic acid (Bejar et al., Obstet.Gynecol.1981; 57: 479-482). The vaginosis flora also produces large amounts of endotoxin (Sjoberg et al., Obstet. Gynecol. 1991; 77: 265-266). This can induce endogenous prostaglandin synthesis, possibly mediated by interleukins (Romero et al., Obstet. Gynecol. 1989; 73: 31-34).
[0007]
Due to the theoretically promising properties of LB, it is conceivable to use LB in commercial preparations with its intended use to supplement and strengthen the vaginal flora. While this has been successful, in many cases available preparations often contain a much lower number of LBs than stated. Some preparations are contaminated (Hughes et al., Obstet. Gynecol. 1990; 75 (2): 244-248). In order to supplement and improve the normal bacterial flora in the urogenital region by adding LB, it is necessary to carefully select the bacterial strain used. A suitable LB bacterial strain for this purpose must meet the following criteria:
1. Such LB bacterial strains must produce large quantities of soluble substances that have the ability to inhibit growth against enterobacteria, group B streptococci, staphylococci and yeast.
2. Such LB bacterial strains must be able to be transferred to the mucosa of the skin and genitourinary tract areas.
3. Such LB bacterial strains must be able to adhere to the epithelial cell surface in the urogenital region.
4). Such LB bacterial strains must be able to withstand long-term storage and be able to induce such bacterial strains in various types of preparations.
5). Such LB bacterial strains must be able to retain their viability and properties in the article or preparation at the time of use.
6). Such LB bacterial strains should not be sensitive to spermicidal preparations containing nonoxynol-9.
7. Such LB bacterial strains must be isolated from the urogenital tract of human women.
8). Such LB bacterial strains must allow for the presence of LB flora in the human urogenital tract.
Accordingly, there is a need for bacterial strains that satisfy these conditions.
[0008]
(Summary of the Invention)
A new bacterial strain of Lactobacillus plantarum called LB931 meeting the above conditions was isolated. This bacterial strain has been deposited with Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen (Braunschweig, Germany) and has been assigned an accession number of DSM 11918. Accordingly, LB931 can be used for the treatment and / or prevention of urogenital tract infections. LB931 can be conveniently included in pharmaceutical compositions and personal care products such as diapers and sanitary napkins.
[0009]
(Definition)
As disclosed herein, the term “LB” refers to a bacterium of the genus Lactobacillus.
[0010]
As disclosed herein, the term “urogenital tract” refers to the perineum, urethra and vagina.
[0011]
As disclosed herein, the term “absorbent article” relates to a product suitable for absorbing bodily fluids such as blood or urine. Examples of such articles include feminine hygiene products, incontinence guards and diapers.
[0012]
As disclosed herein, the term “GBS” refers to Group B Streptococcus.
[0013]
As disclosed herein, the term “lactic acid bacteria” relates to bacteria that produce lactic acid, such as bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus and Lactococcus.
[0014]
The term “cfu” means a colony forming unit.
[0015]
(Detailed description of the invention)
The present invention relates to a novel bacterial strain of Lactobacillus plantarum shown as LB931 (DMS11918). This bacterial strain is useful for the prevention and / or treatment of urogenital infections because it inhibits the growth of a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. This bacterial strain is durable and easily survives on prolonged storage at room temperature. Therefore, the product containing LB931 has a long shelf life. This bacterial strain can easily migrate to human skin and vaginal epithelial cells. LB931 is resistant to therapeutic concentrations of several antibiotic and spermicidal compounds.
[0016]
The inhibitory properties of LB931 have been investigated. Examples of sufficiently inhibited bacterial species are Escherichia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Staphylococcus and Group B Streptococcus. Therefore, LB931 is useful for the prevention and / or treatment of infections caused by these microorganisms.
[0017]
As mentioned above, the present invention also provides various pharmaceutical compositions, preferably suitable for topical administration, comprising LB931 with a pharmaceutically or physiologically acceptable carrier, excipient and / or diluent. . In general, such carriers must be non-toxic to the recipients at the dosages and concentrations employed. Typically, the preparation of such compositions involves the combination of a therapeutic agent with a buffer and a thickener for gel-forming agents such as glycerin, polyethylene glycol. Antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, low molecular weight (less than about 10 residues) polypeptides, proteins, carbohydrates (including glucose, sucrose and dextrins), and other stabilizers and excipients can be included . Possible pharmaceutical compositions are ointments, creams, liquid solutions, suppositories or capsules.
[0018]
The present invention also relates to an absorbent article comprising LB931. Such articles are permeable outer sheets intended to be in intimate contact with the wearer's skin, preferably liquid impervious intended to be placed distal to the wearer during use. A backing sheet and an absorbent structure disposed between the outer sheet and the backing sheet can be included. Optionally, further sheets can be placed between the outer sheet and the absorbent structure, for example in the form of padding or similar materials. Microorganisms that exhibit antagonism can be placed in various parts of the absorbent article. For example, it can be placed in the outer sheet, in the absorbent article absorbent structure, between two layers of the absorbent article, in a loose insert product in the absorbent article, or in some other way.
[0019]
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the stability of lyophilized LB931 at room temperature (+ 22 ° C.) and + 6 ° C.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the stability of LB931 contained in the absorbent article.
FIGS. 3 and 4 reveal the number of LB931s that have migrated to the girl's ureteral and perineal skin after using a panty liner containing LB931.
[0020]
The invention will now be described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1: Isolation and classification of Lactobacillus plantarum LB931 strain
Bacterial samples were taken from healthy women. Bacterial strains were isolated from these samples and screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of enteric bacteria (data not shown). The best bacterial strain isolated from healthy pregnant women was classified as Lactobacillus plantarum by the test kit API50CH (API Systems, BioMerieux, France) and named LB931. This bacterial strain was further typed as Lactobacillus plantarum-pentosus-paraplantarum by DNA analysis by SDS-page at BCCM / LMG (Belgium).
[0021]
Example 2: Inhibitory ability of bacterial strain LB931
The purpose of this experiment was to further elucidate the ability of bacterial strain LB931 to inhibit the growth of other bacteria. LB931 was tested at a temperature of 37 ° C. and 5% CO2Grown overnight. 1081 ml containing individual bacteria was added to 25 ml of melted 2% agar MRS broth. The mixture was poured into petri dishes, allowed to solidify and incubated for 24 hours as described above. Another 25 ml of M17 agar (Merck, Germany) was poured on top of the first layer and the plate was left at room temperature for 4 hours. A similar agar plate without LB931 was also prepared and used as a control plate.
[0022]
The indicator bacteria were separately cultured in air at 37 ° C. in TY medium (Holm et al., APMIS, 1967, 69, 264). The culture was transferred to a 25 compartment Bertani tray. Each compartment has 0.25 ml (106Bacteria / ml). From each tray, bacteria were transferred and stamped onto an agar plate containing Lactobacillus using a Steel pin replicator (Sters et al., J. Antibiot. Chemother. 1979, 9, 307). Plates were incubated overnight at 37 ° C. The plates were observed to determine whether a) indicator bacteria were growing; b) indicator bacteria growth was inhibited; or c) indicator bacteria growth was not occurring.
[0023]
The results of the interference test are shown in Table I.
[Table 1]
[0024]
These results indicate that Lactobacillus plantarum LB931 inhibits or prevents the growth of a large number of bacterial strains and that other Lactobacillus bacterial strains are hardly affected Yes.
[0025]
Example 3: Viability of LB931 in various preparations
a) LB931 dissolved in a suspension of equal parts skimmed milk and 0.9% NaCl.
LB931 was dissolved in skim milk containing 0.9% NaCl. The lysed bacteria were then incubated at various temperatures. Bacterial counts were followed continuously by counting cells. The results are shown in Table II below.
[0026]
[Table 2]
[0027]
These results indicate that LB931 is stable with a mixture of skim milk and NaCl over a period of one month at + 4 ° C.
[0028]
b) A skim milk preparation of LB931 was lyophilized according to standard methods. The resulting powder was stored in a petri dish at room temperature and + 6 ° C. Bacterial counts were measured after 7 and 25 days, respectively. The results are shown in Table III below.
[0029]
[Table 3]
[0030]
The bacterial count in the lyophilized powder was also followed every 68 weeks up to 68 weeks. These results are shown in FIG. It is clear from the figure that LB931 is stable for 22 weeks at both room temperature and + 6 ° C. One year later, at + 6 ° C, 105LB931 exceeding cfu / mg is alive.
[0031]
c) The viability of LB931 in synthetic urine at pH 6.6 was examined. Synthetic urine contained monovalent and divalent cations and anions and urea and was prepared as described in Geigy's Scientific Tables (
[0032]
d) The viability of LB931 in the absorbent article (panty liner) was examined. A suspension of LB931 (150 μl) was added to the absorbent article, which was then stored in sealed packaging for up to 9 months. The results are shown in FIG. A great many bacteria survived for 7 months.
[0033]
e) Finally, LB931 was examined for its properties during growth and storage. LB931 was cultured in MRS broth and new passages were made every 3 days for 3 months. Subsequently, the starting sample and the last passage of LB931 were compared in the API test, PGFE, and interference test. The two samples were identical in all tests. This indicates that LB931 is very stable after storage in growth media and after several passages.
[0034]
Example 4: Transfer of LB931 to the perineal skin and ureteral opening in women
The following test was conducted to examine the movement of LB931 to the perineum when using a panty liner. All subjects were women between the ages of 12 and 60, and tests were conducted between menstrual periods as needed. The test product is a liquid permeable outer sheet, a liquid impervious back layer, and 100 g / m in between.2~ 200g / m2From a conventional panty liner containing an absorbent layer of chemical cellulose pulp. 10 LB931 bacterial suspension per product on the absorbent surface of the test product9Sprayed in an amount of colony forming units.
[0035]
In order to clarify the presence of LB931 in the perineum of 13 subjects, a so-called swab test was performed. Bacteria were harvested by rubbing a predetermined skin area with a sterile stick containing cotton chips soaked in sterile sodium chloride solution. The presence of LB931 and other LBs in the perineal skin and ureteral orifice was revealed. In order to obtain a blank sample, the subject was examined in this manner. In this case, the subject wore a panty liner for 5 hours in the morning. The panty liner was removed and the presence of added lactic acid bacteria and natural lactic acid bacteria were measured again immediately after removing the panty liner, respectively. This sample was called
[0036]
[Table 4]
[0037]
Example 5: Transfer of LB931 to the perineal skin and ureteral opening in a girl
Thirteen girls aged 3 to 12 were included in the exam. Bacterial samples from the perineal skin and ureteral mouth were obtained by first immersing a cotton swab in MRS broth and then gently rubbing the skin or epithelial surface with a stick. Finally, the swab was dipped into a sample tube containing MRS broth. Samples were obtained according to the following plan:
Sample 0: A blank sample was obtained in the evening before entering the test with LB931 bacteria. On the evening of the first day, I wore panty liners.
Sample 1: Morning of the second day. Wear new panty liners all day.
Sample 2: Samples were taken before the optional bathing and in the evening before wearing a new panty liner: the evening of the second day.
Sample 3: Same procedure as
Sample 4: Same procedure as in
Sample 5: Same procedure as in
Sample 6: A sample is taken in the evening before the optional bathing. Don't wear panty liners at night: evening on the fourth day.
Sample 7: A sample is taken in the morning of the fifth day. Do not wear panty liners during the day.
Sample 8: The last sample is taken in the evening of the fifth day.
[0038]
The results are shown in FIG. 3 (ureter opening) and FIG. 4 (perineal skin). The results show that LB931 can move from the absorbent article.
[0039]
Example 6: Sensitivity to antibiotics and spermicide substances
The MIC value of Lactobacillus plantarum LB931 was measured using the E test (Brown et al., J. Antimicrob. Chemother, 1991; 27: 185-190). The results are shown in Table V below:
[0040]
Table V
Antibiotic MIC (μg / ml)
Ampicillin 0.19
Cefotaxime 0.094
Cefuroxime 0.38
Gentamicin 0.25
Imipenem 0.016
Metronidazole> 32
Erythromycin 0.25
Vancomycin> 256
Piperacin /
Trimethoprim 0.016
Benzylpenicillin 0.5
[0041]
Sensitivity to antibiotics was also measured using a SIR system. In Table VI below, S means sensitivity and R indicates resistance.
Table VI
Antibiotic zone (mm) judgment
Cefadroxyl 24 S
Clindamycin 35 S
Tri / sulfamethazole 43 S
Ceftazidime 35 S
Amikacin 30 S
Aztreonam 0 R
Mesilinum 0 R
Nalidixic acid 0 R
Netilimycin 0 R
Nitrofantine 36 S
Norfloxacin 0 R
Tobramycin 32 S
Mecillinam / ampicillin 41 S
Cefipyrom 47 S
Oxacillin 0 R
Cephalothin 22 S
[0042]
LB931 is sensitive to several antibiotics usually prescribed for urinary tract infections. However, LB931 is also resistant to, for example, nalidixic acid and norfloxacin. LB931 is also resistant to vancomycin.
[0043]
The MIC test was also performed on the spermicide tergitol. LB931 with MRS agar, 5% CO2And grown at 37 ° C. for 48 hours. Bacteria were inoculated into 3 ml MRS broth and incubated for 10 hours under the same conditions as above. 1.5% cultures were reinoculated in 3 ml MRS broth and incubated for 18 hours under the same conditions. NP-9 Tergitol (Sigma, USA) (Lot: 47F0002) was diluted with MRS broth at a temperature of 37 ° C. (reduced viscosity) to a 40% stock solution. This stock solution was used to prepare 3 ml solutions with the following concentrations: 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. 10 μl of bacterial culture was added to each solution. The blank solution was mixed and added to the MRS agar plate. Flat plate with 5% CO2The cells were grown at 37 ° C. for 48 hours and the cell density was measured. The remaining solution is 5% CO without mixing.2And incubated at 37 ° C. for 18 hours. Solutions containing 30% and 40% NP-9 were diluted with MRS broth (reduced viscosity) at 37 ° C. All solutions were mixed vigorously, diluted with sterile 0.9% NaCl and added to the MRS agar plate. Flat plate with 5% CO2And incubated at 37 ° C. for 48 hours to obtain cfu / ml.
[0044]
The results are shown in Table VII below:
Table VII
The inoculation amount of LB931 is 1.0 × 107cfu.
Tergitol NP-9 cfu / ml LB931
0% 2.6 × 109
1% 2.5 × 109
5% 2.5 × 109
10% 1.6 × 109
20% 1.4 × 109
30% 1.0 × 109
40% 6.9 × 107
[0045]
These results indicate that LB931 can survive well in up to 40% tergitol NP-9.
[0046]
Example 7: Adhesion of LB931 to vaginal epithelial cells
a) Preparation of LB931 suspension
LB931 was grown on MRS agar (5% CO2, 37 ° C., 48 hours). The culture was inoculated into 3 ml broth (5% CO2, 37 ° C., 8 hours). 2% of the resulting culture was re-inoculated into 10 ml MRS broth (5% CO2, 37 ° C., 18 hours). The resulting culture was centrifuged at 2000 rpm (820 × g) for 8 minutes in a swing-out rotor at 20 ° C. The obtained cell pellet was washed with 5 ml of lactic acid buffer (10 mM lactic acid, pH 4.5, 0.15 M NaCl). Dilute bacteria with lactate buffer and OD500About 1.0 (about 108cfu / ml).
[0047]
b) Preparation of vaginal epithelial cells:
Vaginal epithelial cells were collected using a sterile cotton swab stick and the bacteria transferred to a small tube containing 4 ml lactate buffer or PBS. The tube was mixed and the cotton stick was removed. The tubes were centrifuged in a Joan CR-12 swingout rotor for 8 minutes at 700 rpm and 20 ° C. (approximately 100 × g). The resulting pellet was washed with 3 ml lactate buffer or PBS. Cells are counted with a hemacytometer and the concentration is determined using lactate buffer or PBS.5-106Adjusted to cells / ml. 25 μl of cells were spread on a microscope slide to manage the washing procedure (see below).
[0048]
c) Adhesion test
0.5 ml LB931 suspension and 0.5 ml cell suspension were mixed gently in a 1.5 ml Eppendorf tube. A control sample was prepared by mixing 0.5 ml cell suspension and 0.5 ml buffer. The tube was centrifuged at 20 ° C. and 2000 rpm (about 720 × g) and then incubated at 37 ° C. for 1 hour. After incubation, the tubes were centrifuged for 8 minutes at 20 ° C. and 700 rpm (about 90 × g). The pellet was washed with 1 ml lactate buffer or PBS. Finally, the pellet was suspended in 400 μl to 500 μl of lactate buffer or PBS.
[0049]
d) Analysis
25 μl of the suspended pellet was air dried on a microscope slide, followed by fixation and gram staining. From each sample, 50 epithelial cells are analyzed. Count the number of LB931 attached to the cells and divide the results into 5 groups (0-10, 11-30, 31-50, 51-100,> 100 bacteria / cell).
[0050]
The results are shown in Table VIII below:
[Table 5]
[0051]
These results clearly show that LB931 bacteria adhere well to vaginal epithelial cells regardless of the time of cell sampling.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the stability of lyophilized LB931 at room temperature (+ 22 ° C.) and + 6 ° C.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the stability of LB931 contained in an absorbent article.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the number of LB931s that have moved to the ureteral opening of a girl after using a panty liner containing LB931.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the number of LB931 transferred to the perineal skin of a girl after using a panty liner containing LB931.
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
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SE9800749A SE9800749D0 (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1998-03-06 | New agent |
SE9800749-5 | 1998-03-06 | ||
SE9801951-6 | 1998-06-02 | ||
SE9801951A SE519648C2 (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1998-06-02 | New strain of Lactobacillus plantarum |
PCT/SE1999/000336 WO1999045099A1 (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1999-03-05 | New agent |
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JP2002505099A JP2002505099A (en) | 2002-02-19 |
JP4267822B2 true JP4267822B2 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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JP2000534631A Expired - Fee Related JP4267822B2 (en) | 1998-03-06 | 1999-03-05 | New drug |
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US (1) | US6761885B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1060240B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4267822B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE274051T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU754042B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9908437A (en) |
CO (1) | CO4830476A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69919518T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2228018T3 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ506156A (en) |
PE (1) | PE20000326A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL195089B1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE519648C2 (en) |
SK (1) | SK13262000A3 (en) |
TN (1) | TNSN99033A1 (en) |
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US11516974B2 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2022-12-06 | Rockwool International A/S | Growth substrate product formed of mineral wool |
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EP1118344A1 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-07-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Breathable absorbent articles comprising lactic acid producing micro-organisms |
EP1263483B1 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2007-03-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Articles with spores exhibiting antagonistic properties against pathogens and/or spores forming micro-organisms |
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EP1118342A1 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-07-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Articles comprising a spore-forming lactic acid-producing micro-organism |
EP1118339A1 (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-07-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Breathable absorbent articles comprising spores which exhibit antagonistic properties against pathogens |
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KR101178217B1 (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2012-09-07 | 씨제이제일제당 (주) | Novel lactobacillus plantarum and compositions comprising the same |
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EP0880354A1 (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1998-12-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Urogenital and intestinal compositions |
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1998
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- 1999-03-05 EP EP99909452A patent/EP1060240B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-05 SK SK1326-2000A patent/SK13262000A3/en unknown
- 1999-03-05 JP JP2000534631A patent/JP4267822B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1999-03-05 DE DE69919518T patent/DE69919518T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-05 AU AU28648/99A patent/AU754042B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 1999-03-05 BR BR9908437-6A patent/BR9908437A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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US11516974B2 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2022-12-06 | Rockwool International A/S | Growth substrate product formed of mineral wool |
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NZ506156A (en) | 2002-09-27 |
BR9908437A (en) | 2000-10-31 |
EP1060240B1 (en) | 2004-08-18 |
TR200002590T2 (en) | 2000-11-21 |
SE9801951L (en) | 1999-09-07 |
ATE274051T1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
TNSN99033A1 (en) | 2001-12-31 |
PL342759A1 (en) | 2001-07-02 |
CO4830476A1 (en) | 1999-08-30 |
DE69919518T2 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
ES2228018T3 (en) | 2005-04-01 |
SE9801951D0 (en) | 1998-06-02 |
WO1999045099A1 (en) | 1999-09-10 |
DE69919518D1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
PE20000326A1 (en) | 2000-04-11 |
AU754042B2 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
US6761885B1 (en) | 2004-07-13 |
SK13262000A3 (en) | 2001-05-10 |
AU2864899A (en) | 1999-09-20 |
PL195089B1 (en) | 2007-08-31 |
JP2002505099A (en) | 2002-02-19 |
EP1060240A1 (en) | 2000-12-20 |
SE519648C2 (en) | 2003-03-25 |
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