JP3535894B2 - Excavator bucket mounting - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention easily attaches and detaches or replaces a bucket, a gripping claw, a vibration crusher, and other attachments (collectively referred to as "bucket" in this specification) mounted on a power shovel. The present invention relates to a fixture that is interposed between the tip of a boom of a power shovel and a bucket in order to perform quickly, and particularly in a bucket fixture having a structure in which the bucket fixture and the bucket are fixed with a screw rod. The present invention relates to a fixture characterized by the lock structure of the screw rod.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A power shovel is widely used for various civil engineering works, and various buckets such as a gripping claw device and a vibration crusher are mounted in addition to the original bucket for excavation according to the contents of the work. . 1 for small construction sites
In many cases, it is necessary to perform various kinds of work with a single power shovel, and in such work, it is necessary to replace the bucket provided at the tip of the boom of the power shovel every time the type of work changes.

A bucket mount is used in order to perform this exchange work easily and quickly. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the bucket attachment includes an opposed member (a base 81 and a slider 82, links 1, 3 and the like) provided so as to be relatively movable. The bucket mount has pins 14 and 34 on the proximal side.
Thus, the boom 83 and the front link 84 of the power shovel are pivotally attached at two locations. Facing members 81, 82,
U-shaped holes 1 facing each other or contradictory to the tips of 1 and 3
6 and 36 are provided, and a screw rod 5 is provided to widen the interval between them.

Pins 61 and 62 are attached to the bucket 6 in advance, and the U-shaped holes 16 and 36 are formed in the bucket pins 61 and 6, respectively.
2 in a state of facing each other, the facing members 81, 82, 1, 3 are provided in a direction of expanding (when the U-shaped holes 16 and 36 are provided in the diametrical direction) or in a direction of narrowing (directions in which the U-shaped holes face each other) (If it is installed), move it to U-shaped hole 16, 36
Pins 61 and 62 are inserted into the pin and the projecting tension is applied by the screw rod 5 to fix the bucket 6.

[0005]

In the bucket mounted on the power shovel through the fixture having such a structure, when the screw rod 5 of the fixture is loosened, the fixed portion of the bucket is loosened, and in extreme cases, the bucket. Is very dangerous to fall. Therefore, it is necessary to fix the bucket 6 and then prevent the screw rod 5 from rotating. Although various types of screw rotation preventing structures are known, large vibrations and shocks are repeatedly applied to the bucket fixture during work, and a large external force acts on the bucket fixture from an unexpected direction during work. In some cases, a more reliable detent structure is necessary.

Conventionally, as such a detent, a structure has been adopted in which a lock plate fitted to the hexagonal head of a screw rod or the like is fixed to the facing members 81, 82, 1, 3 using lock pins or bolts. However, there are problems that it takes time to manufacture the parts and that the screw rod can be fixed only at positions of 90 degrees around its axis, and that the angle difference between the screw rods that can be fixed is too large. It was

According to the present invention, the screw rod can be fixed for each finer angle difference, the shape of the parts is simple and the manufacturing is easy, and even in a place where a large external force or vibration is applied,
An object of the present invention is to obtain a bucket attachment that solves the above problems by obtaining a structure that can reliably fix a screw rod.

[0008]

According to the present invention, U-shaped holes 16 and 36, which face each other or oppose each other, are provided at the tips of the facing members 1 and 3 pivotally supported by the fulcrum pin 2. Booms 83 for power shovels 1 and 3, respectively
Of the fulcrum pin 2 in the same direction as the fulcrum pin 2 between the opposing members 1 and 3 pivotally attached to the tip of the front link 84 and the tip of the front link 84.
In a bucket mount of a power shovel in which a screw rod 5 is mounted via a bearing block 18 and a screw block 38 pivotally attached to each of the facing members 1 and 3, so as to be swingable around the screw rod of the screw rod. A hole 71 that fits into the head 51,
The above problem is solved by mounting the lock plate 7 provided with 72 so as to be fitted to the inner side surfaces of the members 13, 13 that pivotally support the bearing block 18 , and providing the lock plate fall-out prevention means 53. ing.

The lock plate 7 has a shape in which the fitting hole is a rectangular hole 71 and the outer shape is a regular polygon having an even number of sides, or at least a pair of opposing parallel sides, and the fitting hole. Is a regular polygonal star-shaped hole 72 having an even number of angles, a screw rod can be fixed at a fine phase angle with a simple structure.

[0010]

In this case, the regular polygonal star-shaped hole is a shape in which a figure in which the vertices of a star are connected by straight lines becomes a regular polygon.

The fixing of the bucket to the bucket attachment of the present invention is performed by the following procedure. First, like the conventional device,
The buckets 6 are fixed by pulling the pins 61, 62 of the bucket 6 in the U-shaped holes 16, 36 in a direction of expanding or narrowing each other. Next, the lock plate 7 is aligned with the slit 20 between the lower plates 13 or the inner side of the support block 21 for supporting the trunnion fixed to the lower plate, and the rectangular hole 71 or the star-shaped hole 72 is formed. The screw head 51 of the screw rod is inserted. At this time, the rectangular hole 71 or the star-shaped hole 72
If the direction of and the direction of the screw head do not match, the screw rod 5 is returned to the direction in which it is slightly loosened and aligned with the direction of the rectangular hole 71 or the star-shaped hole 72.

In the structure in which the outer shape of the lock plate is a regular polygon having an even number of sides, the angle of the screw head 51 and the angle of the outer shape of the lock plate are set to different angles so that the lock plate can be set at different angles. The screw rod can be fixed to. Further, by making the fitting hole a star-shaped hole, the fitting hole and the screw head 51 can be fitted at a fine angular interval.

Therefore, when the screw rod 5 is fixed by the lock plate 7, even if the direction of the screw head and the direction of the angle of the fitting hole of the lock plate are deviated, the returning amount of the screw rod 5 can be reduced. Therefore, the bucket 6 can be fixed with high rigidity and without backlash.

[0014]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. The illustrated bucket mount has an opposing link 1,
It is formed by 3. Each of the links 1 and 3 is a connecting plate 11 when viewed from the front (the front of the boom of the power shovel).
The upper plate 12, 32 and the lower plates 13, 33 are connected by a shape in which a wide U-shape facing upward and a narrow U-shape facing downward are formed by the 31, 31, upper plates 12, 32 and lower plates 13, 33. It is integrally welded to the plates 11 and 31.

Pins 14 and 34 for pivotally attaching the bucket attachment to the boom and front link of the power shovel are mounted so as to penetrate both upper plates 12 and 32 at an intermediate position between the upper plates 12 and 32. Bucket fitting and pin 6 of bucket 6
The U-shaped holes 16 and 36 for fixing 1 and 62 are
It is provided at the tip of 33. The links 1 and 3 are connected to each other by pivotally connecting upper plates, which are located on both sides of the boom and the front link of the power shovel, with short pins 2, and the links 1 and 3 are short. Relative swinging around the pin 2 widens the gap L between the U-shaped holes 16 and 36.

A trunnion consisting of blocks 18 and 38 having pins 17 and 37 projecting to both sides in the middle of the lower plates 13 and 33 has pins 17 and 37 on both sides of the trunnion.
3 and 33 are pivotally supported and mounted. Lower plate 13, 33
Has a box-shaped support portion of the pins 17 and 37 to increase the rigidity of the support portion of the pins 17 and 37. A screw rod 5 is mounted on the trunnion block 18 mounted on one side of the link so as to be rotatable and axially immovable, and the screw rod 5 is provided on the trunnion block 38 of the other link 2. It is screwed into the screw hole 39. Screw rod 5
Base end (block 1 which is pivotally supported and axially immovable
8 side) is provided with a hexagonal head, and this hexagonal screw head 51
By inserting a box spanner or the like into the screw rod 5 and rotating the screw rod 5, the interval L between the U-shaped holes 16 and 36 is widened and the bucket 6 is fixed and removed. The screw head 51 is provided with a split pin hole 52 penetrating in a direction perpendicular to the axis.

For fixing the screw rod 5, a rectangular hole or a star-shaped fitting hole for fitting the screw head is provided in the center, and the outer shape is a rectangular lock plate fitted between the lower plates 13 on both sides of the link. 7 into the screw head 51 and insert the split pin 5 into the split pin hole 52.
This is done by preventing the lock plate 7 from coming off through the step 3.

The lock plate 7 is provided with, for example, a rectangular hole 71 as shown in FIG. 4 and a regular dodecagonal star-shaped hole 72 as shown in FIG. The lock plate 7 shown in FIG. 4 has a square outer shape and the fitting hole is a rectangular hole 71 having a width equal to the width of the opposite side of the screw head 51. Can be fixed at an angle of. Further, according to the lock plate 7 of FIG. 5 provided with the regular dodecagonal star-shaped hole 72 as the fitting hole, the screw rod 5 can be fixed at intervals of 30 degrees. According to the lock plate 7 of FIG. 6, the outer shape is an octagon, and the fitting holes are rectangular holes 71 having a width equal to the width of the opposite side of the screw head 51.

The bucket 6 is attached to the bucket attachment of the present invention as follows. First, using a box spanner or the like, the screw rod 5 is rotated in a direction in which the interval L between the U-shaped holes 16 and 36 is narrowed. Then, one of the pins 61 and 62 of the bucket 6 is inserted into one of the U-shaped holes, and the other pin is opposed to the other U-shaped hole. In this state, attach the screw rod 5 to the space L between the U-shaped holes.
When it is rotated in the direction in which is expanded, the two bucket pins 61 and 62 are inserted into both U-shaped holes 16 and 36. Finally, the U-shaped holes 16 and 36 are stretched in the direction in which the pins 61 and 62 are expanded, and the bucket 6 is fixed to the bucket attachment.

In this state, the lock plate 7 is attached to the lower plates on both sides.
The screw head 51 of the screw rod is fitted into the rectangular hole 71 or the star-shaped hole 72 in accordance with the direction of the inner side of the support block 21 for supporting the trunnion fixed to the slit 20 or the lower plate between the slots 13. To do. At this time, if the direction of the rectangular hole 71 or the star-shaped hole 72 does not match the direction of the screw head, the screw rod 5 is returned to the direction in which it is slightly loosened, and is aligned with the direction of the rectangular hole 71 or the star-shaped hole 72.

In the lock device used in the bucket attachment of the present invention, the screw head 51 and the lock plate 7 can be fitted to each other at a small angular interval, so that the screw head and the holes 71 and 72 of the lock plate are oriented in the directions. The amount of return of the screw rod 5 when they do not match can be reduced, so that the bucket 6 can be fixed reliably and with high rigidity.

After the lock plate 7 is fitted in this manner, the split pin 53 is inserted into the split pin hole 52 of the screw head to prevent the lock plate 7 from coming off, and the mounting of the bucket 6 is completed.

[0023]

The bucket attachment of the present invention described above can fix a bucket with high rigidity, and even if a large vibration or impact is applied during work, the bucket fixture does not loosen. In addition, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the work for attaching and detaching the bucket can be performed easily and quickly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a bucket fitting of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the bucket attachment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a lock device.

FIG. 4 is a view showing an angular interval by a square lock plate having a rectangular hole.

FIG. 5 is a view showing an angular interval by a square lock plate having a star-shaped hole.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an angular interval by an octagonal lock plate having a rectangular hole.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a first conventional example.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing a second conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 link 2 pin 3 links 5 screw rod 7 Lock plate 13 Lower plate 16 U-shaped hole 17 pin 18 blocks 36 U-shaped hole 37 pin 38 blocks 51 screw head 53 split pin 71 rectangular hole 72 star hole 83 boom 84 Front link

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A facing member (1, 3) pivotally attached to a fulcrum pin (2).
At the tip of the U-shaped holes (16,
36) are provided, and the opposing members (1, 3) are pivotally attached to the tip of the boom (83) and the tip of the front link (84) of the power shovel, and a fulcrum is provided between the opposing members (1, 3). Opposing members (1, 3) are swingable around the pins (17, 37) in the same direction as the pin (2).
In a bucket mount of a power shovel in which a screw rod (5) is mounted via a bearing block (18) and a screw block (38) pivotally attached to each of the above, the screw head (51) of the screw rod is fitted. locking plate with a hole (71, 72) to (7), the bearing
It is mounted so as to be fitted to the inner side surface of the member (13, 13 ) that pivotally supports the block (18) , and this lock plate is provided with means for preventing the lock plate from falling (53). Shovel bucket attachment. 2. The lock plate (7) has a rectangular hole (7) as a fitting hole.
The bucket fitting according to claim 1, wherein the lock plate is a regular polygon having an even number of sides. 3. The lock plate (7) is provided with at least a pair of opposing parallel sides, and the fitting hole is a regular polygonal star hole (72) with an even number of angles. 1. Bucket attachment according to 1.