JP2762487B2 - Liquid crystal device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2762487B2 JP2762487B2 JP63269504A JP26950488A JP2762487B2 JP 2762487 B2 JP2762487 B2 JP 2762487B2 JP 63269504 A JP63269504 A JP 63269504A JP 26950488 A JP26950488 A JP 26950488A JP 2762487 B2 JP2762487 B2 JP 2762487B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal device
- substituted
- side chain
- crystal material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005264 High molar mass liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004801 4-cyanophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(C#N)=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims 1
- BPMBNLJJRKCCRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenylbenzonitrile Chemical group C1=CC(C#N)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 BPMBNLJJRKCCRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- -1 4-substituted benzoic acid Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001934 cyclohexanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005266 side chain polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004986 Cholesteric liquid crystals (ChLC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GCFAUZGWPDYAJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 3-phenylprop-2-enoate Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 GCFAUZGWPDYAJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、大面積になし得る液晶内蔵薄膜に関するも
ので、本発明液晶デバイスは、視野の遮断、開放及び明
りもしくは照明光の透過制限、遮断、透過を電気的に操
作し得るものであって、建物の窓やショーウィンドウで
視野遮断のスクリーンや、採光コントロールのカーテン
に利用される共に、文字や図形を表示し、高速応答性を
以って電気的にその表示を切換えることによって、広告
板、案内板、装飾表示板等の表示用デバイスとして利用
される。The present invention relates to a thin film with a built-in liquid crystal which can be formed into a large area. The liquid crystal device of the present invention is capable of blocking, opening and restricting transmission of light or illumination light, It can be electrically operated to block and transmit light.It is used as a screen for blocking the view in building windows and show windows, and as a curtain for lighting control, and displays characters and figures, providing high-speed response. The display is electrically switched to be used as a display device such as an advertising board, a guide board, a decorative display board, or the like.
(従来の技術) 液晶表示素子は、従来、ネマチック液晶を使用したTN
型や、STN型のものが実用されている。また、強誘電性
液晶を利用したものも提案されている。これらは偏光板
を要するものであり、また配向処理を要するものでもあ
る。一方、それらを要さず、明るくコントラストの良
い、大型で廉価な液晶デバイスを製造する方法として、
液晶のカプセル化により、ポリマー中に液晶滴を分散さ
せ、そのポリマーをフィルム化する方法が知られてい
る。ここでカプセル化物質としては、ゼラチン、アラビ
アゴム、ポリビニルアルコール等が提案されている(特
表昭58−501631号、USP4435047号)。(Prior art) The liquid crystal display element is a conventional TN using nematic liquid crystal.
Type and STN type are in practical use. Further, a device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal has been proposed. These require a polarizing plate and also require an alignment treatment. On the other hand, as a method of manufacturing a large and inexpensive liquid crystal device that does not require them, with good brightness and contrast,
There is known a method of dispersing liquid crystal droplets in a polymer by encapsulating the liquid crystal and forming the polymer into a film. Here, gelatin, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and the like have been proposed as encapsulating substances (Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-501631, US Pat. No. 4,350,047).
上記明細書で開示された技術においては、ポリビニル
アルコールでカプセル化された液晶分子は、それが薄層
中で正の誘電率異方性を有するものであれば、電界の存
在下でその液晶分子が電界の方向に配列し、液晶の屈折
率noとポリマーの屈折率npが等しいときには、透明性を
発現する。電界が除かれると、液晶分子はランダム配列
に戻り、液晶滴の屈折率がnoよりずれるため、液晶滴は
その境界面で光を散乱し、光の透過を遮断するので、薄
層体は白濁する。この様にカプセル化された液晶を分散
包蔵したポリマーを薄膜としている技術は、上記のもの
以外にもいくつか知られており、例えば、特表昭61−50
2128号には、液晶がエポキシ樹脂中に分散したもの、特
開昭62−2231号には、特殊な紫外線硬化ポリマー中に液
晶が分散したもの等が開示されている。In the technology disclosed in the above specification, the liquid crystal molecules encapsulated in polyvinyl alcohol can be used in the presence of an electric field if they have a positive dielectric anisotropy in a thin layer. There are arranged in the direction of the electric field, when the refractive index n p of the refractive index n o and the polymer of the liquid crystal are equal, express transparency. When an electric field is removed, the liquid crystal molecules are returned to the random sequence, the refractive index of the liquid crystal droplets is deviated from the n o, the liquid crystal droplets scatter light at the boundary surface, since blocking the transmission of light, Ususotai is It becomes cloudy. Several techniques other than those described above for forming a thin film of a polymer in which liquid crystals encapsulated in this manner are dispersed and encapsulated are known.
No. 2128 discloses a liquid crystal dispersed in an epoxy resin, and JP-A-62-2231 discloses a liquid crystal dispersed in a special ultraviolet-curable polymer.
(発明が解決しようとする課題) 前記の如き大型液晶デバイスの実用化において要求さ
れる重要な特性として (i) 低電圧で駆動できること (ii) 十分なコントラストがあること (iii) 時分割駆動ができること がある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Important characteristics required for practical use of the large-sized liquid crystal device as described above include (i) driving at a low voltage, (ii) sufficient contrast, and (iii) time-division driving. There are things you can do.
特に(i)と(iii)はデバイスの駆動部分を廉価な
ものにするために極めて重要な特性である。しかしなが
ら、現在までのところ、(i)〜(iii)の性質を備え
た偏光板を必要としない液晶デバイスは作製できていな
い。In particular, (i) and (iii) are extremely important characteristics to make the driving part of the device inexpensive. However, a liquid crystal device that does not require a polarizing plate having the properties (i) to (iii) has not been manufactured so far.
本発明者らは、特願昭63−80439において液晶デバイ
スの構造と該デバイスに使用される液晶材料の化学構造
との好ましい組合せについて鋭意検討した結果、従来の
大型液晶デバイスより遥かに低電圧で駆動でき、しかも
偏光板の使用を必要としない大型化可能な液晶デバイス
を製作することに成功した。The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a preferable combination of the structure of a liquid crystal device and the chemical structure of a liquid crystal material used in the device in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-80439, and as a result, the voltage was much lower than that of a conventional large-sized liquid crystal device. We succeeded in producing a liquid crystal device that can be driven and that can be enlarged without using a polarizing plate.
この液晶デバイスにおいては(i)と(iii)の性質
を向上させるために、液晶材料の調光層構成成分中の濃
度を大きくする必要がある。In this liquid crystal device, in order to improve the properties (i) and (iii), it is necessary to increase the concentration of the liquid crystal material in the components of the light control layer.
しかしながら、この液晶材料の濃度を大きくしすぎる
と、電界が除かれた時の光散乱が小さくなり、(ii)の
性質を低下させるという欠点を有している。However, if the concentration of the liquid crystal material is too high, light scattering when the electric field is removed becomes small, and there is a disadvantage that the property (ii) is deteriorated.
(課題を解決するための手段) 本発明は、上記課題を解決するため、以下に記述する
液晶デバイスを提供するものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a liquid crystal device described below to solve the above problems.
即ち、本発明に係る液晶デバイスは、電極層を有する
少なくとも一方が透明な2枚の基板とこの基板の間に支
持された調光層を有し、前記調光層が液晶材料と側鎖型
高分子液晶から成り、前記液晶材料が連続層を形成し、
前記側鎖型高分子液晶が前記液晶材料中に分散している
ことを特徴とする液晶デバイスである。That is, the liquid crystal device according to the present invention includes two substrates having at least one transparent electrode layer and a light control layer supported between the substrates, and the light control layer is formed of a liquid crystal material and a side chain type. Consisting of a polymer liquid crystal, said liquid crystal material forming a continuous layer,
A liquid crystal device, wherein the side chain type polymer liquid crystal is dispersed in the liquid crystal material.
このデバイスにおいて、基板は、堅固な材料例えばガ
ラス、金属等であっても良く、柔軟性を有する材料例え
ばプラスチックフィルムの如きものであっても良い。そ
して、基板は、2枚が対向して適当な間隔を隔て得るも
のである。またその少なくとも一方は透明性を有し、そ
の2枚の間に支持される調光層を外界から視覚させるも
のでなければならない。但し、完全な透明性を必須とす
るものではない。もし、この液晶デバイスが、デバイス
の一方の側から他方の側へ通過する光に対して作用させ
るために使用される場合は、2枚の基板は共に適宜な透
明性が与えられる。この基板には、目的に応じて透明、
不透明の適宜な電極が、その全面または部分的に配置さ
れても良い。In this device, the substrate may be a rigid material such as glass, metal or the like, or a flexible material such as a plastic film. Then, two substrates are opposed to each other and are obtained at an appropriate interval. At least one of them must be transparent so that the dimming layer supported between the two can be seen from the outside. However, complete transparency is not essential. If the liquid crystal device is used to act on light passing from one side of the device to the other, both substrates are provided with the appropriate transparency. This substrate can be transparent,
A suitable opaque electrode may be arranged on its entire surface or partially.
2枚の基板間には液晶材料および透明性側鎖型高分子
液晶が介在される。尚、2枚の基板間には、通常、周知
の液晶デバイスと同様、間隔保持用のスペーサーを常法
に従って介在させるものが望ましい。A liquid crystal material and a transparent side chain type polymer liquid crystal are interposed between the two substrates. In general, it is desirable that a spacer for maintaining a space is interposed between the two substrates in the same manner as in a well-known liquid crystal device according to an ordinary method.
液晶材料は、単一の液晶性化合物であることを要しな
いのは勿論で、2種以上の液晶化合物や液晶化合物以外
の物質も含んだ混合物であっても良く、通常この技術分
野で液晶材料として認識されるものであれば良く、その
うちの正の誘電率異方性を有するものである。用いられ
る液晶としては、ネマチック液晶、スメクチック液晶、
コレステリック液晶が好ましい。The liquid crystal material need not be a single liquid crystal compound, but may be a mixture containing two or more liquid crystal compounds or a substance other than the liquid crystal compound. Any of those which have a positive dielectric anisotropy can be used. Nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal,
Cholesteric liquid crystals are preferred.
液晶材料としては、例えば、4−置換安息香酸4′−
置換フェニルエステル、4−置換シクロヘキサンカルボ
ン酸4′−置換フェニルエステル、4−置換シクロヘキ
サンカルボン酸4′−置換ビフェニルエステル、4−
(4−置換シクロヘキサンカルボニルオキシ)安息香酸
4′−置換フェニルエステル、4−(4−置換シクロヘ
キシル)安息香酸4′−置換フェニルエステル、4−
(4−置換シクロヘキシル)安息香酸4′−置換シクロ
ヘキシルエステル、4−置換4′−置換ビフェニル、4
−置換フェニル−4′−置換シキロヘキサン、4′−置
換4″−置換ターフェニル、4−置換ビフェニル4′−
置換シクロヘキサン、2−(4−置換フェニル)−5−
置換ピリミジンなどを挙げることができる。As the liquid crystal material, for example, 4-substituted benzoic acid 4′-
Substituted phenyl ester, 4-substituted cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 4'-substituted phenyl ester, 4-substituted cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 4'-substituted biphenyl ester, 4-substituted
(4-substituted cyclohexanecarbonyloxy) benzoic acid 4'-substituted phenyl ester, 4- (4-substituted cyclohexyl) benzoic acid 4'-substituted phenyl ester, 4-
(4-substituted cyclohexyl) benzoic acid 4'-substituted cyclohexyl ester, 4-substituted 4'-substituted biphenyl,
-Substituted phenyl-4'-substituted cyclohexane, 4'-substituted 4 "-substituted terphenyl, 4-substituted biphenyl 4'-
Substituted cyclohexane, 2- (4-substituted phenyl) -5
Substituted pyrimidine and the like can be mentioned.
液晶材料は、2枚の基板間で連続相を形成することを
要する。この液晶材料の連続相中に介在する透明性側鎖
型高分子液晶は、粒子状に分散するものでも良いが好ま
しくは3次元ネットワーク状の構造を有するものであ
る。いずれにしても液晶材料との間で光学的境界面を形
成し、光の散乱を発現させる上で必須である。そして透
明性は、デバイスの使用目的に応じて適当に定め得ると
共に、その固体性については、堅固なものに限らず目的
に応じ得る限り、可撓性、柔軟性、弾性を有するもので
あっても良い。粒子状の場合その粒子は、光の波長に比
して大きすぎたり小さ過ぎる場合は光散乱性が期待でき
ないが、目的に応じて適当な大きさ、形状のものを選択
することができる。The liquid crystal material needs to form a continuous phase between two substrates. The transparent side chain type polymer liquid crystal interposed in the continuous phase of the liquid crystal material may be dispersed in a particle form, but preferably has a three-dimensional network structure. In any case, it is indispensable to form an optical boundary surface with the liquid crystal material and express light scattering. Transparency can be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use of the device, and its solidity is not limited to a solid one, but has flexibility, flexibility, and elasticity as long as it can meet the purpose. Is also good. In the case of particles, light scattering properties cannot be expected if the particles are too large or too small compared to the wavelength of light, but those having an appropriate size and shape can be selected according to the purpose.
これらの側鎖型高分子液晶としては、下記の式(I)
〜式(VI)で表わされる部分構造式を有するものが好ま
しい。As these side-chain type polymer liquid crystals, the following formula (I)
Those having a partial structural formula represented by Formula (VI) are preferred.
(式中、Rは水素原子又はメチル基を表わし、mは2〜
12の整数を表わす。) 式(I),式(II)および式(III)の側鎖型高分子
液晶は、FinkelmannらがMakromol.Chem.,179,2541(197
8)で報告した方法あるいはそれに準じた方法によって
製造することができる。 (Wherein, R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and m represents 2 to
Represents an integer of 12. The side chain type polymer liquid crystals of the formulas (I), (II) and (III) are disclosed by Finkelmann et al. In Makromol. Chem., 179, 2541 (197).
It can be manufactured by the method reported in 8) or a method analogous thereto.
式(IV),式(V)および式(VI)の側鎖型高分子液
晶は、FinkelmannらがMakromol.Chem.,180,803(1979)
で報告した方法あるいはそれに準じた方法によって製造
することができる。The side chain type polymer liquid crystals of the formulas (IV), (V) and (VI) have been reported by Finkelmann et al. In Makromol. Chem., 180, 803 (1979).
Can be produced by the method reported in (1) or a method analogous thereto.
このようにして製造された側鎖型高分子液晶と液晶材
料を使用して梶山らが日化誌、1985,1987で報告した溶
媒蒸発法により本発明の液晶デバイスを製造することが
できる。即ち、側鎖型高分子液晶と液晶材料をクロロホ
ルムなどの溶媒で溶解し、これを基板上に展開し、得ら
れた展開膜を乾燥後、これを電極層を有する少なくとも
一方が透明な2枚の基板の間に支持する。The liquid crystal device of the present invention can be manufactured by the solvent evaporation method reported by Kajiyama et al. In Nikka Kagaku, 1985, 1987, using the side chain type polymer liquid crystal and the liquid crystal material thus manufactured. That is, the side-chain type polymer liquid crystal and the liquid crystal material are dissolved in a solvent such as chloroform, spread on a substrate, and the obtained spread film is dried. Between the substrates.
さらに本発明の液晶デバイスの製造は次のようにして
行なうこともできる。Further, the production of the liquid crystal device of the present invention can be performed as follows.
即ち、電極層を有する少なくとも一方が透明性を有す
る2枚の基板間に、必須成分として前記の液晶材料と、
紫外線硬化型の側鎖型高分子液晶形成性モノマー若しく
はオリゴマー、および任意成分として重合開始剤、連鎖
移動剤、高増感剤、染料架橋剤その他よりなる溶液を介
在させ、透明基板を通して紫外線を照射し、それによっ
て前記モノマー若しくはオリゴマーを重合させることに
より、液晶材料が連続相を形成すると共に、3次元ネッ
トワーク状の透明性側鎖型高分子液晶が液晶連続相中に
分散した液晶デバイスを製造する方法である。That is, the liquid crystal material as an essential component between at least one of the two substrates having an electrode layer having transparency,
UV rays are irradiated through a transparent substrate through a solution comprising a UV-curable side-chain polymer liquid crystal-forming monomer or oligomer, and optionally a polymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent, a high sensitizer, a dye cross-linking agent, and the like. Then, by polymerizing the monomer or oligomer, a liquid crystal material forms a continuous phase and a liquid crystal device in which a three-dimensional network-like transparent side-chain polymer liquid crystal is dispersed in the liquid crystal continuous phase is manufactured. Is the way.
調光層の厚さは、通常5ミクロン〜30ミクロンの範囲
に調節される。The thickness of the light modulating layer is usually adjusted in the range of 5 microns to 30 microns.
この様に構成された液晶デバイスは、従来の液滴分散
型液晶デバイスでは不可能であった時分割駆動が可能と
なり、更に、従来の液滴分散型液晶デバイスに比べて、
駆動電圧が低く、コントラストが大きく、しかも、応答
速度が速い。例えば、従来の液滴分散型液晶デバイスに
おいては、実効値で60V以上、多くの場合100V以上の駆
動電圧を要するのに対し、本発明の液晶デバイスは、約
15Vの駆動電圧で立上り応答時間3〜4ミリ秒、立下り
応答時間3〜4ミリ秒が実現される。The liquid crystal device configured in this manner can perform time-division driving that was impossible with a conventional droplet dispersion type liquid crystal device, and further, compared with a conventional droplet dispersion type liquid crystal device,
The driving voltage is low, the contrast is large, and the response speed is fast. For example, in a conventional droplet dispersion type liquid crystal device, an effective value of 60 V or more, and in many cases, a driving voltage of 100 V or more is required, whereas the liquid crystal device of the present invention is approximately
With a drive voltage of 15V, a rise response time of 3 to 4 ms and a fall response time of 3 to 4 ms are realized.
(実施例) 以下に本発明の実施例を示し、本発明を更に具体的に
説明する。しかし、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定され
るものではない。(Examples) Examples of the present invention will be shown below, and the present invention will be described more specifically. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
実施例1 式(I)(m=6)で示される側鎖型高分子液晶と後
述の液晶(A)の重量比=25:75の混合物を5倍量のク
ロロホルムに溶解し、フラットシャーレー上に流延した
後、クロロホルムを蒸発し、10μmの膜を調製した。こ
の膜を10cm×10cmの2枚のITOガラス基板で支持した。Example 1 A mixture of a side chain type polymer liquid crystal represented by the formula (I) (m = 6) and a liquid crystal (A) described below in a weight ratio of 25:75 was dissolved in 5 times the amount of chloroform, and the mixture was placed on a flat petri dish. Then, chloroform was evaporated to prepare a 10 μm membrane. This film was supported by two ITO glass substrates of 10 cm × 10 cm.
得られた液晶デバイスはしきい値電圧を有し、V10=1
0V、V90=15V、コントラスト=1:26、立上り応答時間2
ミリ秒、立下り応答時間4ミリ秒時分割線数Nmax=3.2
であった。The resulting liquid crystal device has a threshold voltage, V 10 = 1
0V, V 90 = 15V, Contrast = 1: 26 rising response time 2
Millisecond, fall response time 4 milliseconds Number of time division lines Nmax = 3.2
Met.
(1)液晶(A) 転移温度 68.5℃(N−I点) <−25℃(C−N点) 屈折率 ne =1.787 no =1.533 Δn=0.254 しきい値電圧 1.15V (Vth) 20℃の粘度 59c.p. (2)時分割駆動線数Nmax=〔(α2+1)/(α2−
1)〕2 ただし、α=V90/V10 (3)電圧無印加時のデバイスの光透過率を0%とし、
印加電圧の増大に伴って光透過率が変化しなくなった時
の光透過率を100%とするとき、光透過率90%となる印
加電圧をV90、光透過率10%となるときの印加電圧をV10
とする。(1) Liquid crystal (A) Transition temperature 68.5 ℃ (N-I point) <-25 ℃ (C-N point) refractive index n e = 1.787 n o = 1.533 Δn = 0.254 threshold voltage 1.15V (V th) 20 ℃ viscosity 59c.p (2) Number of time-division driving lines Nmax = [(α 2 +1) / (α 2 −
1)] 2 where α = V 90 / V 10 (3) The light transmittance of the device when no voltage is applied is 0%,
Assuming that the light transmittance is 100% when the light transmittance does not change with the increase of the applied voltage, the applied voltage at which the light transmittance becomes 90% is V 90 , and the voltage at which the light transmittance becomes 10% Voltage to V 10
And
(発明の効果) 本発明は以上の如きものであるから、大面積の薄膜の
液晶デバイスであって、約15Vという低電圧での駆動が
可能でこの程度の低電圧でも立上り応答時間が3〜4mse
cと応答速度が高く、透明−不透明のコントラストが約
1:26と高く、しきい値を有し、1/3のデューティの時分
割駆動が可能である。従って採光調節、視界調節、広告
用等の大形表示が極めて容易となり、しかもその様な液
晶デバイスの製造を極めて容易に安価にするものであ
る。(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is as described above, it is a large-area thin-film liquid crystal device, which can be driven at a low voltage of about 15 V, and has a rise response time of 3 to 15 V even at such a low voltage. 4mse
High response speed with c, transparent-opaque contrast is about
It has a high threshold of 1:26, has a threshold value, and is capable of time-division driving with a duty of 1/3. Therefore, large-sized display such as adjustment of lighting, adjustment of view, advertisement, etc. becomes extremely easy, and the production of such a liquid crystal device is made extremely easy and inexpensive.
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−284291(JP,A) 特開 昭63−66229(JP,A) 特開 昭63−286822(JP,A) 特開 昭63−170485(JP,A) 特開 昭64−66287(JP,A) 特開 昭64−6088(JP,A) 菊地、梶山ら、光応答クラウンエーテ ルを含む高分子/液晶複合膜によるK▲ 上+▼透過の光制御、日本化学会誌 (1987年発行),No.3,P.423− 429 菊地、梶山ら、高分子液晶/低分子複 合系の凝集構造と電界応答性、高分子学 会予稿集、社団法人高分子学会から1988 年9月26日発行、Vol.37,No. 8,P.2453−2455 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) C09K 19/42Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-284291 (JP, A) JP-A-63-66229 (JP, A) JP-A-63-286822 (JP, A) JP-A-63-170485 (JP, A) , A) JP-A-64-66287 (JP, A) JP-A-64-6088 (JP, A) Kikuchi, Kajiyama, et al., KK ++ 上 transmission by polymer / liquid crystal composite film containing photoresponsive crown ether Light Control, Journal of the Chemical Society of Japan (published in 1987), No. 3, p. 423-429 Kikuchi, Kajiyama, et al., Aggregation Structure and Electric Field Response of Polymer Liquid Crystal / Low Molecular Weight Composite System, Preprints of the Society of Polymer Science, Japan Society of Polymer Science, September 26, 1988, Vol. 37, No. 8, p. 2453-2455 (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) C09K 19/42
Claims (2)
枚の基板とこの基板の間に支持された調光層を有し、前
記調光層が液晶材料と側鎖型高分子液晶から成り、前記
液晶材料が連続層を形成し、前記側鎖型高分子液晶が前
記液晶材料中に3次元ネットワーク状に分散しているこ
とを特徴とする液晶デバイス。An at least one transparent electrode having an electrode layer.
A light modulating layer supported between the substrates and the substrate, wherein the light modulating layer is composed of a liquid crystal material and a side chain type polymer liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal material forms a continuous layer; A liquid crystal device, wherein a polymer liquid crystal is dispersed in a three-dimensional network in the liquid crystal material.
ノフェニル基又は4−シアノビフェニル基を有する請求
項1記載の液晶デバイス。2. The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the side chain type polymer liquid crystal has a 4-cyanophenyl group or a 4-cyanobiphenyl group in a side chain portion.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP63269504A JP2762487B2 (en) | 1988-10-27 | 1988-10-27 | Liquid crystal device |
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JPH02116824A JPH02116824A (en) | 1990-05-01 |
JP2762487B2 true JP2762487B2 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
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JPH04348184A (en) * | 1991-05-27 | 1992-12-03 | Toyota Motor Corp | Liquid crystal composition |
JPH04293996A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1992-10-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | Liquid crystal composition |
US5473450A (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1995-12-05 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with a polymer between liquid crystal regions |
JP2644665B2 (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1997-08-25 | 工業技術院長 | Field effect type liquid crystal composition |
JP3074111B2 (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 2000-08-07 | シャープ株式会社 | Liquid crystal panel and manufacturing method thereof |
GB9420632D0 (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1994-11-30 | Secr Defence | Liquid crystal polymer devices |
GB2308371B (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1999-03-24 | Secr Defence | Liquid crystal polymer devices |
US6118512A (en) * | 1995-12-27 | 2000-09-12 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display element |
JP3455365B2 (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 2003-10-14 | シャープ株式会社 | Smectic liquid crystal device and method of manufacturing the same |
KR100325064B1 (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 2002-11-22 | 주식회사 현대 디스플레이 테크놀로지 | Method for preventing static electricity of lcd |
WO2001077255A2 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2001-10-18 | California Institute Of Technology | Polymers for control of orientation and stability of liquid crystals |
CN102348779B (en) | 2009-01-30 | 2015-07-29 | 加州理工学院 | Ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLC) polymkeric substance |
WO2012016130A2 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-02 | California Institute Of Technology | Polymer-doped vertically-aligned nematic liquid crystals |
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GB8615527D0 (en) * | 1986-06-25 | 1986-07-30 | Secr Defence | Liquid crystal polymers |
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JPH0676583B2 (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1994-09-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal element |
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JPH0778218B2 (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1995-08-23 | 出光興産株式会社 | Liquid crystal polymer composition |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
菊地、梶山ら、光応答クラウンエーテルを含む高分子/液晶複合膜によるK▲上+▼透過の光制御、日本化学会誌(1987年発行),No.3,P.423−429 |
菊地、梶山ら、高分子液晶/低分子複合系の凝集構造と電界応答性、高分子学会予稿集、社団法人高分子学会から1988年9月26日発行、Vol.37,No.8,P.2453−2455 |
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