JP2628152B2 - Operation data recording system for vehicles with work equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a bulldozer, a loader, a construction machine such as a dump truck, and an operating state of a vehicle having other working machines.
A vehicle equipped with a working machine that can detect the operation, actual running, and the presence or absence of operation or actual work of the engine, the vehicle running, and the working machine, and obtain operating data such as an engine idle state, a vehicle forwarding state, and an actual working state based on the data. Operating data recording system.

[Prior art]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to record operation data of a vehicle with a work machine and manage the operation, a mechanical tachometer and a digital operation data recording device that detects and records an engine speed, a traveling speed, and the like instead of the tachometer are known. Here, the mechanical tachometer has drawbacks in that it is not possible to perform an arithmetic process such as an integrated traveling distance, and that accurate numerical values cannot be read due to analog display on a small disk-shaped recording paper. The digital operation data recording apparatus solves the above-mentioned drawbacks, but requires a large-capacity external storage to record the data of the working state of the day. Further, in the case of a vehicle with a work machine, when the work of the day is roughly divided into actual operation, forwarding of the vehicle, an engine idle state (a waiting state, etc.), a break, etc., these states are recorded by recording the operation data and the like. A complicated analysis process is required for the determination.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances and has been made as a result of earnest research, and its main problems are data on the presence or absence of the engine operating state, data on the presence or absence of the vehicle operating state, detected by the sensor at a short sampling cycle, and work equipment. Based on the data on the presence or absence of the actual work state, it is compressed into data with a long sampling cycle, and then based on the compressed data, one day's work is determined to be in the engine idle state, vehicle forwarding state, or actual operation state To provide an operation data recording system for a vehicle with a working machine.

[Means for solving the problems]

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a functional block diagram shown in FIG. Operating data or non-operating data is continuously obtained at short sampling periods from sensors S1 to S3 which detect the presence / absence of operation of the engine, vehicle, and work implement. (B). The operation unit integrates each operation presence / absence data for each presence / absence at the same sampling cycle with a predetermined long time as a cycle, and compares and determines the integrated value with a predetermined reference value. (C). At the time of the same sampling based on the converted data of the long sampling cycle, data indicating that the engine is operating is input, and if data indicating that both the vehicle and the working machine are not operating is input, the idle state is determined to be idle. Determination means 40 is provided. (D). At the same sampling time based on the converted data of the long sampling cycle, data indicating that the vehicle is operating is input, and if data indicating that there is no actual work of the working machine is input, the forwarding determination means determines that the vehicle is in the forwarding state. 20 are provided. (E). When the same sampling is performed based on the converted data of the long sampling period, data indicating that the vehicle is operating is input, and if data indicating that the working machine is actually operating is input, it is determined that the vehicle is in the actual operating state. Means 30 are provided. It has a configuration provided with technical means.

[Action]

Detects the presence / absence of engine operation, vehicle operation / non-operation data, and actual work machine presence / absence data, compresses the data based on the detected operation / non-operation data, and sets the engine based on the compressed data. When the vehicle is running and the vehicle and the working machine are not operating, it is determined to be idle, and when the vehicle is running and the working machine is not actually working, it is determined to be the forwarding state. It is determined that it is in the operating state (see FIGS. 1B and 1C). As a result, it is only necessary to detect time-series operation presence / absence data to obtain the operation data, and data at relatively long intervals (cycles) can be obtained. Therefore, a large-capacity memory or an external storage is not required.

【Example】

Hereinafter, an embodiment of an operation data recording system for a vehicle with a working machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The operation data recording system for a vehicle with a working machine includes an operation data recording device D1 having a microcomputer configuration mounted on a cabin of the vehicle, a sensor group S connected to the operation data recording device D1, and a management office outside the vehicle. And the like, and an IC card 10 which records and stores operation data obtained from the operation data recording device D1 and which is input to the external computer D2 as an example of an external storage medium (medium). The sensor group S includes an engine operation sensor S1 for detecting whether the engine is running, a vehicle operation sensor S2 for detecting whether the vehicle is running, that is, running, and a work machine actual work for detecting whether there is actual work of the work machine. There is a sensor S3 and the like. The engine operation sensor S1 is a sensor that emits a signal indicating that the engine is running (for example, OFF) when the engine is rotating, and a signal for not operating (eg, ON) when the engine is stopped. In the example, the engine oil pressure sensor which is turned on when the engine oil pressure is 0 and turned off when the oil pressure rises is used. At the time of 0
A configuration that issues an OFF signal may be employed. In this embodiment, the vehicle operation sensor S2 uses a vehicle speed sensor that detects the traveling speed of the vehicle. However, the vehicle operation sensor S2 emits a signal indicating that the vehicle is running (for example, ON), and does not operate when the vehicle stops. For example, a sensor that emits a signal (for example, OFF) may be used. For example, the position sensor of the speed control lever may be configured to emit an OFF signal when the lever is in the neutral position and an ON signal otherwise. Is also good. Next, the work implement actual work sensor S3 issues a signal indicating that there is actual work (for example, ON) when the work implement is performing actual work,
A sensor that outputs a no-work (for example, OFF) signal when the work machine is not performing actual work. In this embodiment, the sensor is turned off when the work machine oil pressure is 0, and is turned on when the oil pressure rises. Although the work implement oil pressure sensor is used, a configuration in which the presence or absence of work is determined based on the position of the control lever of the work implement may be employed. As shown in FIG. 3, the operation data recording device D1 to which the sensors S1 to S3 are connected includes an external input unit 1 for fixed data, an external display device 6 for displaying operation data, and an IC card.
The data read / write unit 7 to / from which the unit 10 can be inserted / removed is connected to the control unit 5 via the interface units IF1 to IF5. That is, the fixed data external input unit 1 includes a manual input switch 2, a value setting switch 3, a write switch 4A, and a cancel switch 4B. 4C is an end switch that is turned on when the operation is completed. The manual input switch 2 is composed of a rotary switch, and is composed of fixed data for manual input, for example, a date, an identification number of a work type and a work place, fuel, engine oil, and the like.
It is divided into each item of the supply amount of gear oil or hydraulic oil. Next, the write switch 4A is connected to the rotary switch 2
Is turned on after the selection or value setting switch 3 is set, and the turning-on time of the write switch 4A is written into the memory M and the IC card 10 together with the information (fixed data) inputted by turning on the write switch 4A. It is configured to be. Therefore, by turning the setting position of the rotary switch 2 to the item concerned and pressing the write switch 4A, the date or time when the switch is turned on is stored in the memory M.
And is automatically recorded on the IC card 10. In the case of the identification number, the identification number data set by the rotary switch 2 and turned on by the write switch 4A is stored in the memories M and IC together with the turn-on time of the write switch 4A.
It is automatically recorded on the card 10. For other fixed data, such as fuel supply,
By turning the rotary switch 2 to the item, setting the value of the supply amount with the value setting switch 3, and turning on the write switch 4A, the supply amount data of the fuel is input together with the turning-on time of the write switch 4A. Written on M and IC card 10. In this embodiment, the value setting switch 3 is a digital setting switch. If the writing of the fixed data is erroneous, the erroneous data can be canceled and the correct data can be written again by turning on the cancel switch 4B. Thus, the respective detection signals output from the sensors S1 to S3 and the operation data input from the external input unit 1 are sent to the arithmetic processing unit 50 of the control unit 5. The arithmetic processing unit 50 includes an integrated data arithmetic unit 50A for integrating vehicle speed and time data as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the integrated data, and the vehicle speed data sampled at a short cycle by a vehicle speed sensor. Calculation unit 50B for externally displaying the data in real time and an information recording calculation unit 50C for recording the operation data on the IC card at a long cycle.
Are provided. That is, in the integrated data calculation unit 50A, for example, using the time data of the clock unit C including the clock generator,
The integrated time from the work start time recorded when the engine oil pressure rises is calculated, and the total work integrated time is calculated. Further, the integrated distance is calculated based on the vehicle speed data from the vehicle speed sensor S2 and the time data. In the external display calculation unit 50B, the vehicle speed data in a short cycle obtained from the vehicle speed sensor S2, the real-time time data from the clock unit C, and each integration data calculated by the integration data calculation unit 50A are calculated. Output to the external display device 6 in real time. The information recording operation unit 50C is provided with conversion circuits 51a to 51c, counter circuits 52a to 52c, and determination circuits 53a to 53c. That is, for each of the sensors S1 to S3, a sensor that performs digital sampling at a short cycle, for convenience of explanation in this embodiment, at intervals of 1 second is used, but when the sensor is an analog sensor, the conversion circuit is used. Numerals 51a to 51c are connected to a sampling cycle generation circuit C1 provided in the clock section C for generating a sampling cycle at intervals of 1 second, and A / D convert analog data into digital data having a cycle of 1 second and perform counter conversion. Input to circuits 52a-c. The counter circuits 52a to 52c include a sampling cycle generating circuit for generating a long cycle for recording (30 second cycle in this embodiment).
When C2 is connected, the number of operation-enabled (ON) signals or operation-disabled (OFF) signals input during 30 seconds is added. The number of the added signals is input to the determination circuits 53a to 53c. In the determination circuits 53a to 53c, for example, when the number of added signals exceeds a preset reference value, it is determined uniformly that there is operation (ON) or no operation (OFF). The reference value is a reference value for determining how many times the operation has been performed in units of 30 seconds, and determining that the entire 30 seconds is determined to be in operation, and is determined in advance statistically or empirically. The data on the presence / absence of the operating state determined / determined in this way is output as data with operation or data without operation having a longer cycle than the short sampling cycle from the sensor, and is stored in the memory M. The data is written to the IC card 10 via the read / write unit 7. As a result, even if the data has a long cycle, it is possible to obtain data on the presence or absence of operation that is not intermittent and approximates the actual state of operation. In addition, the control unit 5 may further include a statistical recording operation unit 50D as shown in FIG. 2C to statistically process data detected by the sensor S as a numerical value (such as the number of revolutions). In this case, the detection signal in a short cycle detected from the vehicle speed sensor S2 is converted into vehicle speed data by the conversion circuit 55 and input to the statistical determination circuit 56. In the statistical determination circuit 56, the vehicle speed value is sorted from the input vehicle speed data as to whether the vehicle speed value is included in a predetermined speed distribution (for example, at intervals of 5 km / h). A well-known statistical process of calculating the number of data as frequency (%) for each time is performed. In addition, when a sensor for detecting operation data for detecting a numerical value (rotation speed) is used, for example, when the presence or absence of operation of the engine is detected by the sensor S4 for detecting the engine rotation speed, the presence / absence of operation data is similarly configured. In addition, statistical data of operation can be obtained. The statistical data obtained in this way is temporarily stored in the memory M, and is turned on by the end switch 4C at the end of the normal (one-day) operation. A configuration is adopted in which the final data obtained is written to the IC card 10. As a result, the IC card 10 includes: I) data indicating whether the engine is operating; II) data indicating whether the vehicle is operating; III) data indicating whether the working machine is actually working; IV) identification data (work type data, etc.); Supply amount a) Engine oil b) Gear oil C) Hydraulic oil, etc. VI) Statistical data on engine speed VII) Statistical data on vehicle speed VIII) Work start and end times, accumulated time IX) Mileage data etc. can be written . FIG. 3 (b) shows a circuit block diagram of a main part of the operation data recording apparatus. Here, IF1 to IF5 are interface units for connecting peripheral devices to the control unit 5, and IF1 has an external input unit 1
And an external display device 6, and IF2 has an engine operation presence / absence sensor S1, a vehicle speed sensor S2, and a work implement actual work sensor.
S3 is connected. An engine speed sensor S4 is connected to IF3. A data read / write device 7, a battery (power supply) Vcc, and the like are connected to IF4. IF5 is a communication interface, and in this embodiment, RS2
A 32C serial communication terminal 81 is provided so that a terminal, a printer, and the like can be connected. A maintenance connector 82 is provided, and a vehicle-specific constant (a constant used for calculating the vehicle speed) preset in the CPU of the control unit 5.
, Read backup data, change date and time settings, and so on. Next, the operation of the operation data recording system will be described. Now, when a main switch (not shown) of the vehicle is turned on, the operation data recording device D1 is started, and the operation data recording program stored in the memory is changed to the fourth operation data recording program. It is executed according to the flowchart in the figure. First, in a step, the IC card 10 is
It is determined whether or not is inserted. If the IC card 10 is inserted in the card insertion hole of the data reading / writing section 7, the card presence mode is selected, and if not, the card absence mode is selected. In the cardless mode, only the external display processing of the operation data is performed, and the procedure is indicated by a dotted line in the figure. In card presence mode, the next step is an IC card
It is determined whether or not the ID code recorded in 10 matches the operation data recording device. When the ID code matches, the ID code 10 becomes writable, and the engine oil pressure rise time or the card insertion time is recorded as the work start time via the clock unit C. When the data from each of the sensors S1 to S4 is input in the step, the accumulated distance is calculated based on the vehicle speed data from the vehicle speed sensor S2 and the time data of the clock unit C by the integrated data calculation unit 50A in the calculation processing unit 50 in the step. And an integrated time are calculated. Next, in a step, the integrated data, the short-period vehicle speed data based on which the integration is performed, the engine speed sensor by the sensor S4, and the real-time time data are respectively transmitted to the cabin via the external display arithmetic unit 50B. LE in
The data is output in real time to an external display device 6 such as a D or LCD. In addition, the operation presence / absence data
Based on the short period (1 second period) detection signals from S1 to S3, each operation presence / absence data is accumulated in a longer period (30 second period). Then, a determination is made based on the number of active or inactive signals added in the step, and the presence or absence of an operating state over the entire 30 seconds is determined. As a result of the determination, data indicating the presence / absence of the operating state in a 30-second cycle is obtained in step, and is stored in the memory M and written in the IC card 7 in step. (Note that, in the above-described cardless mode, only the external display processing of the steps (1) to (4) is performed.) Further, the rotation speed data detected by the sensors 2 and 4 are input to the statistical recording calculation unit 50D together with these. Statistical processing is performed. It is determined that the operation has ended by pressing the push button of the end switch in the step. In the step, the total value of the end time and the integrated time is stored in the memory M, and the statistical data processed for statistics and the unrecorded time series are stored. Operating data etc. from the memory M via the data read / write unit 7
Written to card 10. Then, when the writing to the IC card 10 is completed, and the operator turns off the main switch as the end of all the operations, the engine stops and the program is terminated. Next, the IC card 10 on which the writing has been completed is pulled out from the data reading / writing section 7 by an operator, and inserted into a data reading device D2 'such as an external management office.
The operation status data stored in the card 10 is input to the operation data processing device D2. This operation data processing device D2 has a microcomputer configuration. When the operation identification program is started in the arithmetic processing unit 20 as shown in FIG. 5, first, in the operation state data in the same cycle in each step, the engine operation state is present, and the vehicle operation state and the work machine actual operation state It is determined whether or not there is a combination without both.If the above combination is present in the step, it is determined that there is an engine idle state in the corresponding same cycle, and if there is no combination, it is determined that there is no engine idle state. Thus, the presence or absence of the engine idle state during the entire working time is identified. Similarly, in parallel with this, in the operation state data in the same cycle, it is determined whether or not there is a combination of the vehicle operation state and the actual work machine actual operation state,
If the above combination is present in the step, it is determined that there is a vehicle forwarding state within the same cycle, and the presence or absence of the vehicle forwarding state during the entire working time is identified. In parallel, in the step, it is determined whether or not there is a combination of the vehicle operating state and the actual working state of the working machine in the operating state data in the same cycle, and if the above combination is present in the step Then, it is determined that there is an actual operation state in the corresponding same cycle, and the presence or absence of the actual operation state during the entire work time is identified. Thereby, the total working time can be identified in the steps by dividing into the engine idle state, the vehicle operating state, the actual operating state, and the rest time (when all the operating states are absent during the work). . If the identified data is, for example, data indicating whether the engine is idle or not, the presence data is accumulated in a longer cycle, and if the total value is greater than a predetermined reference value, the engine idle state during that time is determined to be present. May be used to obtain data of the vehicle operating state having a longer cycle. The identified presence / absence data is output to the external display means D or recorded in the recording means P and used as management data. In the above-described embodiment, the data processing is separately performed on the in-vehicle operation data recording device D1 and the external operation data processing device D2, but the data processing may be performed simultaneously by the on-board operation data recording device. . That is, in this case, the idle determination means 57, the vehicle forwarding determination means 58, and the actual operation determination means 59 are provided based on the presence / absence data of the operating state. As shown in an example in FIG. 6, in the idle determination means 57,
The vehicle operation state determination circuit 53b and the determination circuit 53c for the actual work state data of the working machine are connected by a NAND circuit, and the output terminal thereof and the determination circuit 53a for the engine operation state data are both inverted and an AND circuit is used. It consists of a connected configuration. Therefore, when the engine operation state presence signal, the vehicle operation state absence signal, and the work implement actual work state absence signal are input in the same cycle, an idle presence signal is output. Next, the forwarding determining means 58 is connected to the vehicle operating state presence / absence data determination circuit 53b by an AND circuit in a state where the output signal of the work machine actual work state presence / absence determination circuit 53c is inverted. Therefore, when the vehicle operation state presence signal and the work implement actual work state absence signal are input in the same cycle, a forwarding presence signal is output. Further, in the actual operation determining means 59, a determination circuit 53c for work machine actual work state presence / absence data and a determination circuit 53b for vehicle operation state presence / absence data are connected by an AND circuit. Therefore, when the vehicle operation state presence signal and the work implement actual work state presence signal are input in the same cycle, an actual operation presence signal is output. If the actual operation is limited depending on the type of the work equipment, for example, when the load is applied to the work equipment, in addition to the above conditions, a sensor S5 for detecting the load applied to the work equipment is used. The conversion circuit that does not obtain the load presence / absence data, then the counter circuit integrates the number of data with load for 30 seconds, and the integrated value is determined by the determination circuit, and the entire 30 seconds is determined as having or not having a load state. The configuration may be such that when the load state presence signal obtained as a result is input at a cycle of 30 seconds, an actual operation presence signal is output by the AND circuit. The idle presence / absence signal thus determined and detected,
Since the forwarding presence / absence signal and the actual operation presence / absence signal each have a cycle of 30 seconds, it is preferable to convert the signal into presence / absence data having a longer period of time. Also in this case, similarly to the conversion processing of the operation presence / absence data,
The operation identification data for a long period of time exceeding 30 seconds is accumulated, and when the number exceeds a predetermined reference number, it is determined that the operation is in progress.
If not, there is provided a determination circuit for determining that there is no data. As a result, the work state of the day can be accurately and easily understood. Further, in the present invention, since a small-capacity external storage can be used, there is no need to particularly limit the type of the external storage, for example, an IC card,
An EPROM, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a memory pack, an MT, and the like can be given, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these.

【The invention's effect】

According to the present invention, data indicating whether the operating state of each part of the engine, the vehicle, and the working machine is “present” or “absent” is obtained in a short sampling cycle, and the data is compressed into the same sampling cycle having a long time cycle. Therefore, accurate data can be obtained even in a long sampling cycle. Furthermore, since the daily work is determined to be in the engine idle state, the vehicle forwarding state, or the actual operation state based on the compressed data, the operation state of the vehicle with the working machine can be easily identified. As described above, the data of the short sampling period is converted into the approximate data of the long sampling period, and the data of the presence / absence of the engine, the vehicle, and the working machine are combined. Is determined and stored, so that accurate data can be obtained without requiring a large storage capacity, which is useful.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a functional block diagram of the present invention, FIG. 1B is an output image of operation presence / absence data, FIG. 1C is an output image of identification data, and FIG. 2A is a block diagram of an operation data recording system. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are block diagrams of an operation unit, FIG. 3 (a) is an external view of an operation recording apparatus, FIG. 3 (b) is a block diagram of a main part thereof, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the recording, FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the identification data recording, and FIG. S1… Engine operation sensor S2… Vehicle operation sensor S3… Work machine actual operation sensor 10… Idle judgment means 20… Return judgment means 30 …… Real operation judgment means

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Michio Kutake 1-2-3 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Kyapira Mitsubishi Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tadashi Atono 1-3-2 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. Key Taper Mitsubishi Corporation (56) References JP-A-61-90289 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] The present invention is based on engine operating data, vehicle operating data, and working equipment actual work data obtained in a short sampling cycle from a sensor that detects the state of each of an engine, a vehicle, and a working machine as operating or non-operating. Then, the operation unit integrates each operation presence / absence data in the same sampling cycle with a long time as the presence or absence, and compares and determines the integrated value with a predetermined reference value. At the same sampling based on the converted data of the long sampling period, data with engine running and data without vehicle running and no actual work equipment input were input. Idle determination means for determining that the engine is idle in the case, data indicating that the vehicle is operating, and data indicating that the work implement is not actually working Forwarding determination means for determining that there is a vehicle forwarding state when is input, actual operation determining means for determining that there is an actual operation state when data indicating that the vehicle is operating, and data indicating that there is actual work of the work machine, An operation data recording system for a vehicle with a working machine having: 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the determination means integrates the presence / absence data with a period longer than a period used for determining the presence / absence of the idle state, the presence / absence of the vehicle forwarding state, and the presence / absence of the actual operation state. 2. The vehicle with a working machine according to claim 1, wherein the output is output through a calculation unit that compares and determines with a predetermined reference value and converts the data into presence / absence data having a longer cycle. Operation data recording system.