JP2021532945A - 使い捨て吸収性物品 - Google Patents
使い捨て吸収性物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021532945A JP2021532945A JP2021507903A JP2021507903A JP2021532945A JP 2021532945 A JP2021532945 A JP 2021532945A JP 2021507903 A JP2021507903 A JP 2021507903A JP 2021507903 A JP2021507903 A JP 2021507903A JP 2021532945 A JP2021532945 A JP 2021532945A
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Abstract
Description
不織布ウェブの構成成分繊維は、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、及びこれらのブレンドなどのポリマーからなり得る。繊維は、セルロース、レーヨン、綿、又は他の天然材料若しくはポリマーと天然材料とのブレンドを含むことができる。繊維はまた、ポリアクリレートなどの超吸収性材料、又は好適な材料のいかなる組み合わせをも含み得る。繊維は、単一成分、2成分、及び/又は2構成成分、非円形(例えば、突出状(protrusionillary)チャネル繊維)であり得、0.1〜500μmの範囲の主要断面寸法(例えば、円形繊維の直径)を有し得る。不織布前駆体ウェブの構成成分繊維はまた、化学(例えば、ポリエチレン及びポリプロピレン)、成分(単一及び2)、デニール(マイクロデニール及び20デニール超)、形状(即ち、突出状及び円形)などの特徴の点で異なる、異なる繊維タイプの混合物でもあり得る。構成成分繊維は、約0.1デニール〜約400デニールの範囲であり得る。デニールは、1〜100、1.2〜50、1.3〜30、1.5〜15、又は1.8〜6の範囲であり得、具体的には、これらの範囲内の全ての値及びそれによって作成される任意の範囲が挙げられる。
積層材料ウェブと複合材料ウェブとの違いに関する議論が本明細書に提示される。マイクロ変形部の形成前に、不織布層とフィルム層が、既知の任意の好適な積層方法、例えば、接着剤、ボンディングなどによって組み合わされてもよいことを想起されたい。これにより、本明細書に記載されるマイクロ変形部プロセス及びマクロ変形部プロセスを不織布層とフィルム層の両方に同時に適用することが可能となり得る。あるいは、フィルム層は、不織布層と積層される前に、マイクロ変形部プロセス及び/又はマクロ変形部プロセスを経てもよく、その逆も同様である。
本開示の材料ウェブは、使い捨て吸収性物品の任意の好適な部分を形成し得る。いくつかの形態では、前述のように、材料ウェブは、トップシートの一部分を形成してもよい。このような形態では、材料ウェブは、吸収性物品の着用者対後表面の一部分を形成してもよい。フィルム層が着用者対向表面の一部分を形成してもよく、又は不織布材料が吸収性物品の着用者対向表面の一部分を形成してもよい。本明細書に記載される材料ウェブの使用者から利益を得ることができる吸収性物品のいくつかの好適な例としては、テープ付きおむつを含む再締結可能なおむつ、おむつパンツ(予締結されて再締結可能な、又は予締結されて再締結不可能な)、婦人生理用ナプキン、タンポン、例えばパンツ又はパッドなどの成人用失禁製品、乳児用拭き取り用品、衛生用拭き取り用品、洗浄用拭き取り用品などが挙げられる。
本明細書に記載の吸収性物品の構成要素は、米国特許出願第2007/0219521A1号に記載されているようなバイオベース内容物から少なくとも部分的に構成されてもよい。例えば、超吸収性ポリマー構成要素は、バイオベースのアクリル酸からのそれらの誘導を介したバイオベースであってもよい。バイオベースのアクリル酸及び製造方法は、米国特許出願公開第第2007/0219521号、並びに、米国特許第8,703,450号、同第9,630,901号及び同第9,822,197号に更に記載されている。他の構成要素、例えば、不織布及びフィルム構成要素は、バイオベースのポリオレフィン材料を含んでもよい。バイオベースのポリオレフィンは、米国特許出願公開第2011/0139657号、同第2011/0139658号、同第2011/0152812号、及び同第2016/0206774号、並びに米国特許第9,169,366号に更に記述されている。本開示で使用するための例示的なバイオベースのポリオレフィンには、SHA7260(商標)、SHE150(商標)、又はSGM9450F(商標)(全てBraskem S.A.から入手可能)の名称で入手可能なポリマーが含まれる。
本明細書に記載される吸収性物品の構成要素は、リサイクル可能な材料から少なくとも部分的に形成されているかどうかに関わらず、他の用途のためにリサイクルされてもよい。再利用され得る吸収性物品材料の例には、不織布、フィルム、毛羽パルプ、及び超吸収性ポリマーがある。再利用プロセスは、吸収性物品を滅菌するためにオートクレーブを使用してもよく、その後、吸収性物品は、細断され、異なる副生成物流に分離され得る。例示的な副生成物流には、プラスチック、超吸収性ポリマー、及びパルプなどのセルロース繊維が含まれ得る。これらの副生成物流は、肥料、プラスチック製造物品、紙製品、ビスコース、建築材料、ペット若しくは病院床用の吸収パッドの生産、及び/又は他の用途に使用され得る。再利用を補助する吸収性物品、リサイクルフレンドリーなおむつの設計、並びにリサイクルフレンドリーなバイオベースの構成要素のおむつの設計に関する更なる詳細が、2017年12月12日に出願された米国特許仮出願第62/597,539号、P&G Docket番号15058P号に開示されている。
実施例A:長手方向軸と、長手方向軸に概ね垂直な横断方向軸とを有する吸収性物品であって、トップシートと、バックシートと、トップシートとバックシートとの間に配設された吸収性システムと、フィルム層及び不織布層を備える材料ウェブと、を更に備え、材料ウェブは、複数の第1の複数のマクロ変形部と、隣接するマクロ変形部の間の複数のランド領域と、ランド領域内に配設された第1の複数のマイクロ変形部と、を備え、第1の複数のマクロ変形部のそれぞれが、開放された遠位端を備え、材料ウェブは、第2の複数のマクロ変形部を更に備え、第2の複数のマクロ変形部のそれぞれが遠位端を備え、各遠位端が第2の複数のマイクロ変形部を備え、第1の複数のマイクロ変形部は第1の平均開放面積を備え、第2の複数のマイクロ変形部第2の平均開放面積を備え、第1の平均開放面積が第2の平均開放面積よりも大きい、吸収性物品。
直線距離は、較正され、0.1mm刻みで測定可能な任意の適切な器具によって測定され得る。面積測定は、長手方向軸及び横断方向軸の平面に対して直交する方向に見たときの物品の投影面積を用いて、0.1mm2刻みの平方ミリメートルで行われる。
標的領域試験方法を使用して、複数の特徴点において標的領域の長さ指標値及び標的領域の横断方向幅を決定する。
フィルム層と不織布層とを有する積層体試料中の不織布層内の個々の繊維間のZ方向距離は、Scanco μCT 50(Scanco Medical AG(Switzerland)及び同等物などのシールドキャビネットを用いたコーンビームマイクロ断層撮影装置を有するマイクロCT計器上で得られる試料の3DX線画像の分析に基づく、マイクロCT繊維間距離測定を使用して測定される。メンテナンスフリーX線管を、焦点の直径が調節可能な線源として使用する。X線ビームは試料を通過し、X線の一部は試料によって減衰される。減衰の程度は、X線が通過しなければならない材料の質量と相関する。透過したX線は継続してデジタル検出器アレイに入射し、試料の2D投射像を生成する。回転されると生成される試料の複数の個々の投射画像が収集され、次いで単一の3D画像に再構成される。計器は、コンピュータで実行するソフトウェアと連動されて、画像取得集及び未加工データの3D画像への再構成を制御する。次いで、3D画像を、MATLAB(The Mathworks,Inc.(MA,USA))及びAvizo Lite(Visualization Sciences Group/FEI Company(MA,USA))並びに同等物などの画像分析ソフトウェアを使用して分析して、不織布層からフィルム層を特定及び分割し、積層体試料の不織布部分内の個々の繊維間のZ方向距離を測定する。
測定のための試料を得るために、フィルム不織布積層体を平らに広げ、直径7mmの円形片を打ち抜く。積層体が吸収性物品の一構成要素である場合、吸収性物品を平坦な構成で剛性の平坦な表面に貼り付け、吸収性物品の他の構成要素から積層体を慎重に分離する。積層体の伸長を回避するために、必要に応じて吸収性物品の他の構成要素から積層体を取り出すために、Cyto Freeze(Control Company(TX,USA))などのメス及び/又は低温スプレーが使用され得る。積層体が物品から取り出されてから、上述したように試料の打ち抜きを進める。
マイクロCT計器は、製造業者の仕様書に従って設定及び較正される。試料は、少なくとも4mmの内径を有する発泡体などの低密度材料の2つのリングの間で、適切なホルダ内に配置される。これにより、試料の中央範囲を水平に置き、任意の他の材料をその上面及び下面に直接隣接させずに走査することが可能である。この中央範囲内で分析が実施される。連続する3μmの等方性ボクセルの単一の3Dデータセットが収集される。3Dデータセットは、XY平面内の各側に7mmの寸法を、かつ試料のZ方向を完全に含むのに十分な数のスライスを有する、中央分析範囲の中心に置かれる。画像は、更なる低エネルギーフィルタを用いることなく、45kVp及び88μAの電源を用いて取得される。電流及び電圧の設定値は、十分なX線が試料を透過して投射データの最大コントラストをもたらすように最適化され得るが、いったん最適化されると、全ての実質的に同様の試料に対して一定に保持される。積分時間1000ms及び3つの平均で、合計3200枚の投射画像が得られる。投射画像は、計器を伴う取得及び再構成ソフトウェアを使用して3μmの等方性空間分解能を有する3Dデータセットに再構成され、16ビットRAWフォーマットで保存されて、分析のために完全検出器出力信号を維持する。
3Dデータセットは、画像分析ソフトウェアに読み込まれ、周囲のホルダ及び低密度載置材料を3Dデータセットから除去することによって、分析範囲の矩形プリズム3D画像にトリミングされる。分析範囲内の試料の最大量が3D画像内に保持され、試料の上方及び下方の空の空間が最小化されるように、トリミングが実施される。トリミングされた3D画像は、データ分析における利便性のために16ビットから8ビットにスケール変更され、加重級内分散を最小化する閾値レベルを計算するOtsu法を使用して閾値化されて、空気によるバックグラウンド信号を分離及び除去するが、試料画像内のフィルム及び繊維からの信号を維持する。フィルム及び/又は繊維を含むボクセルは、「材料」ボクセルと称される。
マクロ変形部を有するフィルムの平均遠位端アパーチャ面積は、対象フィルム材料の代表的サンプルの走査型電子顕微鏡画像の画像解析によって決定される。フィルムサンプルの少なくとも3つの異なる領域からの画像を取得及び分析し、少なくとも合計50個の個々の遠位端アパーチャ面積測定値を提示する。フィルムサンプルを平面構成で取り付け、金スパッタコーティングする。サンプルの上面の平面図を、材料の平面が概ね視角に直交して配向されるように撮像する。30Xの倍率で、少なくとも5mm×5mmの視野で、個々の遠位端アパーチャの領域を可視化及び測定するのに十分な解像度で画像を取得する。遠位端アパーチャを周囲範囲から識別及びセグメント化し、それらの個々の領域を、適切な画像解析ソフトウェアを使用して測定及び記録する。測定された遠位端アパーチャ面積の算術平均を1μm2刻みで報告する。
Claims (15)
- 長手方向軸(L、1880、1980)と、前記長手方向軸に概ね垂直な横断方向軸(T)とを有する吸収性物品(10、1810、1900)であって、
トップシート(12、1814、1924)と、
バックシート(14、1816、1925)と、
前記トップシートと前記バックシートとの間に配設された吸収性システム(16)と、
フィルム層及び不織布層を備える材料ウェブ(120)と、を更に備え、前記材料ウェブが、複数のマイクロ変形部(263)と複数のマクロ変形部(273)とを備え、前記マクロ変形部のそれぞれが遠位端(275)を備え、マクロ変形部の第1の部分は、開放された又は部分的に開放された遠位端を備え、マクロ変形部の第2の部分は、前記第1の部分の前記遠位端とは異なるように構成された遠位端を備え、前記材料ウェブが前記トップシートの一部分を形成する、吸収性物品。 - 前記マイクロ変形部が、前記吸収性物品の着用者対向表面の一部分を形成する、請求項1に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記フィルム層が、前記吸収性物品の着用者対向表面の一部分を形成する、請求項1又は2に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記不織布層が、前記吸収性物品の着用者対向表面の一部分を形成する、請求項1又は2に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記吸収性物品が、前記長手方向軸に沿って中央に配設された第1のゾーン(310)と、前記第1のゾーンに隣接する第2及び第3のゾーン(315、320)と、を更に備え、マクロ変形部の前記第1の部分は、前記第1のゾーンに含まれ、マクロ変形部の前記第2の部分は、前記第2及び第3のゾーンに含まれている、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記マイクロ変形部の前記それぞれが遠位端を備え、前記マイクロ変形部の遠位端のそれぞれが、開放されているか又は部分的に開放されている、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記材料ウェブが複合体である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 前記材料ウェブが積層体である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- マクロ変形部の前記第1の部分の前記遠位端が、マクロ変形部の前記第2の部分の前記遠位端よりも大きい開放面積を備える、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- マクロ変形部の前記第1の部分の前記遠位端が、マクロ変形部の前記第2の部分の前記遠位端よりも大きい割合の開放面積を備える、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性物品。
- 材料ウェブを作製する方法であって、
フィルムを取得する工程と、
不織布を取得する工程と、
前記フィルムと前記不織布とを積層して積層ウェブを形成する工程と、
前記積層ウェブの層のうちの少なくとも1つに複数のマイクロ変形部を形成する工程と、
第1の構成を有するマクロ変形部の第1のゾーンを形成し、前記第1の構成とは異なる第2の構成を有するマクロ変形部の第2のゾーンを形成する工程と、を含む方法。 - 前記マイクロ変形部が前記積層ウェブ内に形成される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記マクロ変形部が前記積層ウェブ内に形成される、請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
- 前記マイクロ変形部のそれぞれが遠位端を備え、前記遠位端が開放されているか又は部分的に開放されている、請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- マクロ変形部の前記第1のゾーンのそれぞれが遠位端を備え、前記遠位端のそれぞれが開放されているか又は部分的に開放されている、請求項11〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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- 2019-08-22 WO PCT/US2019/047598 patent/WO2020041534A1/en unknown
- 2019-08-22 HU HUE19762644A patent/HUE064686T2/hu unknown
- 2019-08-22 ES ES19762644T patent/ES2969029T3/es active Active
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US11925539B2 (en) | 2024-03-12 |
EP3840709B1 (en) | 2023-11-15 |
EP3840709A1 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
US20240164956A1 (en) | 2024-05-23 |
US20200060882A1 (en) | 2020-02-27 |
HUE064686T2 (hu) | 2024-04-28 |
WO2020041534A1 (en) | 2020-02-27 |
ES2969029T3 (es) | 2024-05-16 |
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