JP2019021626A - 球状又は類球状のリチウムイオン電池正極材料及びリチウムイオン電池 - Google Patents
球状又は類球状のリチウムイオン電池正極材料及びリチウムイオン電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019021626A JP2019021626A JP2018130863A JP2018130863A JP2019021626A JP 2019021626 A JP2019021626 A JP 2019021626A JP 2018130863 A JP2018130863 A JP 2018130863A JP 2018130863 A JP2018130863 A JP 2018130863A JP 2019021626 A JP2019021626 A JP 2019021626A
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- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- electrode material
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- spherical
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 24
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 12
- -1 Lithium transition metal compound Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021314 NaFeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000416 hydrocolloid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide monohydrate Substances [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VFDQZWDWIJWXNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Mn].[Ni].[Li].[Zr] Chemical compound [Co].[Mn].[Ni].[Li].[Zr] VFDQZWDWIJWXNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YAXHMSGZTUFDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni].[W].[Li] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni].[W].[Li] YAXHMSGZTUFDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- SEVNKUSLDMZOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-H cobalt(2+);manganese(2+);nickel(2+);hexahydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2] SEVNKUSLDMZOTL-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CXULZQWIHKYPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Co++].[Ni++] CXULZQWIHKYPTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(O)=O ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021440 lithium nickel complex oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mn+2] IPJKJLXEVHOKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FOKWMWSOTUZOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamagnesium;iron(2+);pentasilicate Chemical group [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] FOKWMWSOTUZOPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
-
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
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- C01P2004/32—Spheres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
Description
1)5gの酸化アルミニウム粉を10mLの濃度1wt%の表面活性剤臭化セチルトリメチルアンモニウム水溶液に溶解し、第一溶液を作製する。
1)456.7gの炭酸リチウムを100mLの重量濃度3%のポリエチレングリコール水性コロイド中に分散し、250r/minの回転速度で35min撹拌し、第二溶液を作製する。
1)3.4gの酸化ジルコニウムと1.4gの酸化マグネシウム粉とを80mLの濃度5wt%の表面活性剤臭化セチルトリメチルアンモニウム水溶液に溶解し、第一溶液を作製する。
1)0.07gのメタタングステン酸アンモニウムの粉末粒子を50mLの濃度3wt%の表面活性剤臭化セチルトリメチルアンモニウム水溶液に溶解し、第一溶液を作製する。
実施例1と同じ比率を使用するが、実験方法は異なる。
実施例2と同じ実験方法を用いるが、使用原料は異なる。
1.04molの水酸化リチウム一水和物を濃度5wt%のアクリルアミド水性コロイド600mLに分散し、55rpmの回転速度で90min撹拌してコロイドを作製する。そしてモル比Ni:Co:Mn=5:2:3のニッケルコバルトマンガン前駆体のカルボキシ酸化物を、Li:(Ni+Co+Mn)=1.04:0.998のモル比率でコロイドに入れ、回転速度2000rpmで30min間撹拌し、混合物を得る。混合物をマーフル炉に入れ、大気の雰囲気下で、15℃/minの昇温速度で800℃まで昇温し、4h予備焼結する。室温まで冷却して、再び大気雰囲気下で、17℃/minの昇温速度で980℃まで昇温し、8h焼結する。室温まで冷却して破砕し、リチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン正極材料中間体Aを得て、スタンバイする。イソプロパノール0.2モルに0.002モルのテトラブチルチタネートを加え、10min間撹拌してチタン元素を含む溶液Bを得て、スタンバイする。リチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン正極材料中間体Aに有機溶液Bを添加して30min間撹拌して混合物Cを得た後、混合物Cをマッフル炉に入れ、大気雰囲気下、15℃/minの昇温速度で960℃に昇温し4h焼結する。室温まで冷却し、粉砕して球状又は類球状の層状リチウムイオン電池正極材料D3を得る。
(付記1)
球状又は類球状のリチウムイオン電池正極材料であって、前記正極材料は、一般式LiaNixCoyMnzMbO2となっており、そのうち、1.02≦a≦1.20、0.0≦b≦0.5、0.30≦x≦0.60、0.20≦y≦0.4、0.05≦z≦0.50、x+y+z=1、M元素は、Mg、Ti、Al、Zr、Y、Co、Mn、Ni、Ba及び希土類元素から選択される1種又は2種以上であり、そのうち、前記正極材料は、走査型電子顕微鏡の下において球状又は類球状の形状を呈する一次粒子及び一次粒子団の凝集によって形成された二次粒子を含み、一次粒子団の凝集によって形成された二次粒子の数量百分率が30%以下である、ことを特徴とする球状又は類球状のリチウムイオン電池正極材料。
0≦b≦0.1、好ましくは、0≦b≦0.01である、付記1に記載の正極材料。
前記一次粒子団の凝集によって形成された二次粒子の数量百分率が20%以下、好ましくは10%以下である、付記1又は2に記載の正極材料。
前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=64.9°付近の(110)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(110)が、0.07〜0.13である、付記1〜3のいずれかに1つに記載の正極材料。
前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=44.5°付近の(104)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(104)が、0.060〜0.105であり、結晶粒子のサイズは1100Åよりも大きく2000Åより小さい、付記1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の正極材料。
前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=58.7°付近における(107)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(107)は0.065〜0.120であり、結晶粒子のサイズは1000Åよりも大きく3000Åより小さい、付記1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の正極材料。
前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=18.7°付近の(003)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(003)と2θ=44.5°近傍の(104)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(104)との比率は0.90〜1.50の間である、付記1〜6のいずれか1つに記載の正極材料。
前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=36.7°付近の(101)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(101)は0.05〜0.1である、付記1〜7のいずれか1つに記載の正極材料。
付記1〜8のいずれか1つに記載のリチウムイオン電池正極材料を含む、ことを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池。
付記9に記載のリチウムイオン電池を用いて作製された、通信、電力、エネルギー貯蔵システム又は携帯型記憶装置。
携帯デジタル製品(3C)、電気自動車(xEV)又はエネルギー貯蔵(ESS)の分野における付記1〜8のいずれか1つに記載のリチウムイオン電池正極材料又は付記9に記載のリチウムイオン電池の使用。
Claims (11)
- 球状又は類球状のリチウムイオン電池正極材料であって、前記正極材料は、一般式LiaNixCoyMnzMbO2となっており、そのうち、1.02≦a≦1.20、0.0≦b≦0.5、0.30≦x≦0.60、0.20≦y≦0.4、0.05≦z≦0.50、x+y+z=1、M元素は、Mg、Ti、Al、Zr、Y、Co、Mn、Ni、Ba及び希土類元素から選択される1種又は2種以上であり、そのうち、前記正極材料は、走査型電子顕微鏡の下において球状又は類球状の形状を呈する一次粒子及び一次粒子団の凝集によって形成された二次粒子を含み、一次粒子団の凝集によって形成された二次粒子の数量百分率が30%以下である、ことを特徴とする球状又は類球状のリチウムイオン電池正極材料。
- 0≦b≦0.1、好ましくは、0≦b≦0.01である、請求項1に記載の正極材料。
- 前記一次粒子団の凝集によって形成された二次粒子の数量百分率が20%以下、好ましくは10%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の正極材料。
- 前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=64.9°付近の(110)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(110)が、0.07〜0.13である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに1項に記載の正極材料。
- 前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=44.5°付近の(104)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(104)が、0.060〜0.105であり、結晶粒子のサイズは1100Åよりも大きく2000Åより小さい、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の正極材料。
- 前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=58.7°付近における(107)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(107)は0.065〜0.120であり、結晶粒子のサイズは1000Åよりも大きく3000Åより小さい、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の正極材料。
- 前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=18.7°付近の(003)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(003)と2θ=44.5°近傍の(104)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(104)との比率は0.90〜1.50の間である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の正極材料。
- 前記正極材料の粉末X線回折スペクトルにおいて、2θ=36.7°付近の(101)回折ピークの半値幅FWHM(101)は0.05〜0.1である、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の正極材料。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン電池正極材料を含む、ことを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池。
- 請求項9に記載のリチウムイオン電池を用いて作製された、通信、電力、エネルギー貯蔵システム又は携帯型記憶装置。
- 携帯デジタル製品(3C)、電気自動車(xEV)又はエネルギー貯蔵(ESS)の分野における請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のリチウムイオン電池正極材料又は請求項9に記載のリチウムイオン電池の使用。
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EP3444226A1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
CN107359334A (zh) | 2017-11-17 |
US10790506B2 (en) | 2020-09-29 |
CN107359334B (zh) | 2020-06-19 |
US20190020020A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
KR20190006907A (ko) | 2019-01-21 |
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