JP2013004205A - Control method and control device for cooling water flowing in fuel cell - Google Patents

Control method and control device for cooling water flowing in fuel cell Download PDF

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JP2013004205A
JP2013004205A JP2011131438A JP2011131438A JP2013004205A JP 2013004205 A JP2013004205 A JP 2013004205A JP 2011131438 A JP2011131438 A JP 2011131438A JP 2011131438 A JP2011131438 A JP 2011131438A JP 2013004205 A JP2013004205 A JP 2013004205A
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cooling water
fuel cell
way valve
temperature
pump
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JP5848895B2 (en
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Kazuaki Akaho
和明 赤穂
Yasushi Maeda
康志 前田
Katsuhiko Hiraki
克彦 平木
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Nippon Steel Texeng Co Ltd
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Nittetsu Elex Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control method and a control device for cooling water flowing in a fuel cell, whereby a quantity of cooling water supplied to the fuel cell can be controlled at a fixed level and the temperature of the cooling water can be also controlled at a fixed level even if there is disturbance.SOLUTION: 1) Cooling water exhausted from an exhaust port 13 of a fuel cell 11 is stored in a tank 16 with the temperature thereof lowered by a temperature-lowering heat exchanger 14 and held at a prescribed temperature using a heater 15. 2) The cooling water held at the prescribed temperature in the tank 16 is pumped up by a pump 18. 3) The cooling water pumped up by the pump 18 is branched to the drainage side passage of the fuel cell 11 and the water supply side passage of the fuel cell 11 through a three-way valve 20. 4) The cooling water branched to the water supply side passage of the fuel cell 11 is further precisely flow-regulated through a two-way valve 21. 5) The rate of flow passing through the fuel cell 11 is controlled by the three-way valve 20 and the two-way valve 21, and the difference of temperature of the cooling water at a water supply port 12 and the exhaust port 13 of the fuel cell 11 is held at a fixed level.

Description

本発明は、燃料電池の負荷試験、温度上昇試験等の各種試験を行う場合に、燃料電池に供給する冷却水の制御方法及び制御装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a control method and a control device for cooling water supplied to a fuel cell when various tests such as a load test and a temperature rise test of the fuel cell are performed.

従来、固体高分子型の燃料電池の試験を行う場合、純水を用いた冷却水を循環させているが、燃料電池の使用によって冷却水の温度が上昇し、例えば、特許文献１に記載のように、ファンによって空冷されるラジエータを用いて、加熱された冷却水の温度を下げている。 Conventionally, when a test of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is performed, cooling water using pure water is circulated. However, the temperature of the cooling water rises due to the use of the fuel cell. Thus, the temperature of the heated cooling water is lowered using a radiator that is air-cooled by a fan.

特開２００６−２６０９６６号公報JP 2006-260966 A

しかしながら、特許文献１記載の技術では、ラジエータによって冷却水の温度を下げているので、極めて応答性が悪く、燃料電池の急速放電や急速充電を行った場合には、冷却水の温度制御が遅れる傾向にあり、また、冷却水を冷し過ぎた場合は加熱する手段がなく、燃料電池を商用で用いる場合には問題がないとしても、例えば、燃料電池の特性を試験する場合には適切でないという問題があった。 However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since the temperature of the cooling water is lowered by the radiator, the response is extremely poor, and the temperature control of the cooling water is delayed when the fuel cell is rapidly discharged or rapidly charged. If the cooling water is cooled too much, there is no means for heating and there is no problem when the fuel cell is used for commercial purposes, but it is not suitable for testing the characteristics of the fuel cell, for example. There was a problem.

燃料電池の試験にあっては、負荷電流によって冷却水の温度が変わるので、１）冷却水を常温から９０℃まで安定に制御できること、２）流量制御比が２０：１であっても安定した冷却水の制御ができることが望まれているが、特許文献１記載の技術では細かい流量及び温度の制御は困難であった。 In the fuel cell test, since the temperature of the cooling water changes depending on the load current, 1) the cooling water can be stably controlled from room temperature to 90 ° C., and 2) stable even when the flow rate control ratio is 20: 1. Although it is desired that the cooling water can be controlled, it is difficult to control the flow rate and temperature with the technique described in Patent Document 1.

本発明は、かかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、外乱があっても燃料電池に供給する冷却水の量を一定に制御すると共に、冷却水の温度も一定に制御可能な燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法及び制御装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and even when there is a disturbance, the amount of cooling water supplied to the fuel cell is controlled to be constant, and the cooling that flows through the fuel cell that can also control the temperature of the cooling water to be constant. It aims at providing the control method and control apparatus of water.

前記目的に沿う第１の発明に係る燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法は、１）燃料電池の排水口から排出される冷却水を、降温用熱交換器で温度を下げ、加熱ヒータを用いて所定温度に保持してタンク内に溜め、２）前記タンク内の所定温度に保持された前記冷却水をポンプによって汲み上げ、３）前記ポンプで汲み上げた前記冷却水を３方弁を介して前記燃料電池の排水側流路と前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流し、４）前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流した前記冷却水を２方弁を介して更に精密に流量調整し、かつ、５）前記燃料電池を通過する流量を前記３方弁と前記２方弁によって制御して、前記燃料電池の給水口と前記排水口との前記冷却水の温度差を一定に保持する。 The control method of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell according to the first invention in accordance with the above object is as follows: 1) The temperature of the cooling water discharged from the drain of the fuel cell is lowered by a heat exchanger for cooling, and a heater is used. 2) pumping the cooling water held at the predetermined temperature in the tank by a pump, and 3) pumping the cooling water pumped by the pump through the three-way valve. Diverting to the drain side flow path of the fuel cell and the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell, and 4) adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water diverted to the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell through a two-way valve, 5) The flow rate passing through the fuel cell is controlled by the three-way valve and the two-way valve, and the temperature difference between the cooling water at the water supply port and the drainage port of the fuel cell is kept constant.

第２の発明に係る燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法は、１）燃料電池の排水口から排出される冷却水を、降温用熱交換器で温度を下げ、加熱ヒータを用いて所定温度に保持してタンク内に溜め、２）前記タンク内の所定温度に保持された前記冷却水をポンプによって汲み上げ、３）前記ポンプで汲み上げた前記冷却水を３方弁を介して前記燃料電池の排水側流路と前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流し、４）前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流した前記冷却水を２方弁を介して更に精密に流量調整し、かつ、５）前記燃料電池を通過する流量を前記３方弁と前記２方弁によって制御して、前記燃料電池の給水口の前記冷却水の流量を一定に保持する。 The control method of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell according to the second invention is as follows: 1) The temperature of the cooling water discharged from the drain outlet of the fuel cell is lowered by a heat exchanger for cooling, and is brought to a predetermined temperature using a heater. 2) pumping the cooling water held at a predetermined temperature in the tank by a pump, 3) draining the fuel cell through the three-way valve. 4) The flow of the cooling water that has been diverted to the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell is more precisely adjusted through a two-way valve, and 5) The flow rate passing through the fuel cell is controlled by the three-way valve and the two-way valve, and the flow rate of the cooling water at the water supply port of the fuel cell is kept constant.

なお、第１、第２の発明に係る燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法において、前記ポンプは回転数を制御可能なモータによって回転駆動されているのが好ましい。 In the control method of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell according to the first and second inventions, the pump is preferably driven to rotate by a motor capable of controlling the rotation speed.

第３の発明に係る燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御装置は、１）燃料電池の排水口から排出される冷却水を冷却する降温用熱交換器と、２）前記降温用熱交換器によって冷却された前記冷却水をタンクに溜めて、該タンク内に溜まった前記冷却水を加熱する加熱ヒータと、３）前記タンク内の冷却水を汲み上げるポンプと、４）前記ポンプで汲み上げられた冷却水を前記燃料電池の排水側流路と前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流する流量調整可能な３方弁と、５）前記３方弁で前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流された冷却水を更に精密に流量調整する２方弁と、６）前記燃料電池の給水口と前記排水口を流れる冷却水の温度をそれぞれ測定する第１、第２の温度センサと、７）前記第１、第２の温度センサで測定した前記給水口と前記排水口を流れる冷却水の温度差が一定値になるように、前記３方弁の開度、及び前記２方弁の開度を制御する制御部とを有する。 A control device for cooling water flowing through a fuel cell according to a third aspect of the invention includes: 1) a cooling heat exchanger that cools cooling water discharged from the drain of the fuel cell; and 2) cooling by the cooling heat exchanger. A heater that heats the cooling water stored in the tank, 3) a pump that pumps up the cooling water in the tank, and 4) a cooling water pumped up by the pump. A three-way valve whose flow rate can be adjusted to flow into the drainage side flow path of the fuel cell and the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell, and 5) cooling that is diverted to the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell by the three-way valve. A two-way valve for adjusting the flow rate of water more precisely, 6) first and second temperature sensors for respectively measuring the temperatures of cooling water flowing through the water supply port and the drain port of the fuel cell, and 7) the first The water inlet and the water outlet measured by the second temperature sensor As the temperature difference of the cooling water becomes constant value, the three-way valve opening degree, and a control unit for controlling the two-way valve opening.

本発明に係る燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法及び制御装置においては、降温用熱交換器とタンク内の加熱ヒータによって冷却水を温度制御しているので、燃料電池から排出された加熱冷却水の温度を下げて、必要な温度にすることができる。更に、一旦降温用熱交換器で冷却した冷却水を加熱ヒータが加熱するようにしているので、常温から９０℃までの冷却水を容易に作成できる。 In the control method and control device for the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell according to the present invention, the temperature of the cooling water is controlled by the heat exchanger for cooling and the heater in the tank, so the heating cooling water discharged from the fuel cell The temperature can be lowered to the required temperature. Furthermore, since the heater is configured to heat the cooling water once cooled by the heat exchanger for cooling the temperature, the cooling water from room temperature to 90 ° C. can be easily created.

また、タンクからポンプで汲み上げた冷却水を、３方弁によってその一部を戻り側（排水側流路）に返すと共に、燃料電池に供給される残りの冷却水を２方弁を用いて流量制御しているので、燃料電池に供給される冷却水を１〜１／２０の広範囲に渡って流量制御が可能となる。
従って、燃料電池の冷却水の排水口の温度が変動した場合は、直ちに、冷却水の流量を変えることで排水口側の冷却水の温度を一定にできる。 A part of the cooling water pumped from the tank is returned to the return side (drainage flow path) by the three-way valve, and the remaining cooling water supplied to the fuel cell is flowed using the two-way valve. Since it is controlled, the flow rate of the cooling water supplied to the fuel cell can be controlled over a wide range of 1 to 1/20.
Therefore, when the temperature of the cooling water drain of the fuel cell fluctuates, the temperature of the cooling water on the drain outlet side can be made constant by immediately changing the flow rate of the cooling water.

本発明の一実施の形態に係る燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the control apparatus of the cooling water which flows through the fuel cell which concerns on one embodiment of this invention.

続いて、添付した図面を参照しながら、本発明を具体化した実施の形態について説明する。
図１に示すように、本発明の一実施の形態に係る燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御装置１０は、燃料電池１１の給水口１２及び排水口１３に接続されて、排水口１３に接続される降温用熱交換器１４と、内部に加熱ヒータ１５が設けられているタンク１６とを有している。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a control device 10 for cooling water flowing through a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to a water supply port 12 and a drain port 13 of the fuel cell 11 and is connected to a drain port 13. And a tank 16 in which a heater 15 is provided.

タンク１６にはインバータによって周波数制御されて回転数が変わるモータ１７によって回転駆動されるポンプ１８が接続され、ポンプ１８の出口には第１の流量制御部１９、３方弁２０、２方弁２１、及び第２の流量制御部２３が接続されて、燃料電池１１の給水口１２に制御された冷却水を供給するようになっている。 The tank 16 is connected to a pump 18 that is rotationally driven by a motor 17 whose frequency is controlled by an inverter and whose rotation speed is changed. And the 2nd flow control part 23 is connected, and the controlled cooling water is supplied to the water supply port 12 of the fuel cell 11.

また、燃料電池１１の給水口１２及び排水口１３、降温用熱交換器１４の出口、並びにタンク１６内の冷却水の温度を測定する第１〜第４の温度センサ２５〜２８が設けられ、制御部３０ａに測定した温度データを送っている。この制御部３０ａは、１）第１、第２の温度センサ２５、２６の温度データから、指示によって、第１、第２の温度センサ２５、２６の差分を一定にするように、３方弁２０及び２方弁２１を制御すること、２）第１の温度センサ２５によって燃料電池１１の給水口１２の温度を検知して、この温度を一定にするように、加熱ヒータ１５を制御することを行っている。 In addition, the water supply port 12 and the drain port 13 of the fuel cell 11, the outlet of the temperature lowering heat exchanger 14, and the first to fourth temperature sensors 25 to 28 for measuring the temperature of the cooling water in the tank 16 are provided. The measured temperature data is sent to the control unit 30a. The control unit 30a is configured to 1) a three-way valve so that the difference between the first and second temperature sensors 25 and 26 is made constant according to an instruction from the temperature data of the first and second temperature sensors 25 and 26. Controlling the 20 and two-way valves 21; 2) detecting the temperature of the water supply port 12 of the fuel cell 11 with the first temperature sensor 25, and controlling the heater 15 so as to keep this temperature constant. It is carried out.

降温用熱交換器１４の一次側には第１の弁２９を介して一次冷却水が供給され、第２の弁３０を介して外部に一次冷却水が排出されている。なお、３２は圧力計を示す。 The primary cooling water is supplied to the primary side of the heat exchanger 14 for temperature lowering through the first valve 29, and the primary cooling water is discharged to the outside through the second valve 30. Reference numeral 32 denotes a pressure gauge.

燃料電池１１の給水口１２の温度がＴ１℃（例えば、９５℃）、燃料電池１１の排水口１３の温度がＴ２℃（＞Ｔ１℃、例えば、９８℃）として、燃料電池１１の給水口１２と排水口１３の冷却水の温度差を一定にする場合について説明する。なお、タンク１６から出た冷却水の温度は、燃料電池１１の給水口１２に届くまでに、Ｔｄ℃（例えば３℃）の温度降下があるものとする。 The temperature of the water supply port 12 of the fuel cell 11 is T1 ° C. (for example, 95 ° C.), and the temperature of the drain port 13 of the fuel cell 11 is T2 ° C. (> T1 ° C., for example, 98 ° C.). And a case where the temperature difference between the cooling water at the drain port 13 is made constant will be described. It is assumed that the temperature of the cooling water coming out of the tank 16 has a temperature drop of Td ° C. (for example, 3 ° C.) before reaching the water supply port 12 of the fuel cell 11.

排水口１３から放出された高温の冷却水（流量Ｑ１）を、降温用熱交換器１４によって温度をＴｃ℃に下げる。この温度Ｔｃは、Ｔ１に等しいか又はＴ１より低い温度（例えば９５℃）とする。そして、降温用熱交換器１４によって冷却された冷却水をタンク１６に入れて加熱ヒータ１５によって加熱する。加熱される冷却水の温度（第４の温度センサ２８で計測）はＴ１＋Ｔｄ（例えば９８℃）にする。
これによって、ポンプ１８によって汲み出される冷却水の温度は、Ｔ１＋Ｔｄとなる。 The temperature of the high-temperature cooling water (flow rate Q1) discharged from the drain port 13 is lowered to Tc ° C. by the heat exchanger 14 for cooling. The temperature Tc is equal to or lower than T1 (for example, 95 ° C.). Then, the cooling water cooled by the temperature lowering heat exchanger 14 is put into the tank 16 and heated by the heater 15. The temperature of the cooling water to be heated (measured by the fourth temperature sensor 28) is set to T1 + Td (for example, 98 ° C.).
Thereby, the temperature of the cooling water pumped out by the pump 18 becomes T1 + Td.

ここで、ホンプ１８によって汲み出される冷却水の量Ｑ２は、Ｑ１＋Ｑｂとなる。ここで、Ｑｂは３方弁２０を介して、燃料電池１１の排水口１３側（排水側流路）にバイパスする冷却水の量である。ポンプ１８の汲み出し量は、第１の流量調整部１９で測定し、その流量が常時一定になるようにモータ１７の電源周波数を制御する。この量Ｑ２は例えば、ポンプ１８の定格吐出量の８０〜９５％程度とするのがよく、この値は第１の流量制御部１９で設定可能である。 Here, the amount Q2 of the cooling water pumped out by the pump 18 is Q1 + Qb. Here, Qb is the amount of cooling water bypassed to the drain port 13 side (drainage side flow path) of the fuel cell 11 via the three-way valve 20. The pumping amount of the pump 18 is measured by the first flow rate adjusting unit 19, and the power frequency of the motor 17 is controlled so that the flow rate is always constant. For example, the amount Q2 may be about 80 to 95% of the rated discharge amount of the pump 18, and this value can be set by the first flow rate control unit 19.

次に、３方弁２０によって、給水口１２を通過する冷却水の流量がＱ１になるように、分岐するが、更に３方弁２０の下流側に２方弁２１を設け、第２の流量制御部２３によって２方弁２１を通過する冷却水の量が正確にＱ１になるようにする。この制御は、第２の流量制御部２３で測定された冷却水の量がＱ１より多い場合は、２方弁２１を適正量絞り、第２の流量制御部２３で測定された冷却水の量がＱ１より少ない場合は、２方弁２１を適正量開く制御を行うことによって達成している。これによって、３方弁２０をバイパスする冷却水の量が制御されて、結果として、正確に一定量の冷却水を燃料電池１１に供給することになる。 Next, the three-way valve 20 branches so that the flow rate of the cooling water passing through the water supply port 12 becomes Q1, but a two-way valve 21 is further provided on the downstream side of the three-way valve 20 to provide a second flow rate. The amount of cooling water that passes through the two-way valve 21 is accurately set to Q1 by the control unit 23. In this control, when the amount of cooling water measured by the second flow rate control unit 23 is larger than Q1, the two-way valve 21 is throttled by an appropriate amount, and the amount of cooling water measured by the second flow rate control unit 23 Is less than Q1, this is achieved by performing control to open the two-way valve 21 by an appropriate amount. As a result, the amount of cooling water that bypasses the three-way valve 20 is controlled, and as a result, a certain amount of cooling water is accurately supplied to the fuel cell 11.

燃料電池１１の給水口１２に設けられている第１の温度センサ２５によって冷却水の温度を測定し、この温度Ｔ１が常時一定になるように、加熱ヒータ１５の温度を制御している。これによって、タンク１６内の冷却水の温度はＴ１＋Ｔｄとなる。 The temperature of the cooling water is measured by a first temperature sensor 25 provided at the water supply port 12 of the fuel cell 11, and the temperature of the heater 15 is controlled so that the temperature T1 is always constant. As a result, the temperature of the cooling water in the tank 16 becomes T1 + Td.

次に、燃料電池１１の負荷が変動して、排水口１３から排出される冷却水の温度に変化があった場合（即ち、Δｔの変動があった場合）、燃料電池１１の冷却水の量がＱ１で一定であるとすると、燃料電池１１からの発熱量にΔｔ×Ｑ１の変化があったことになる。ここで、冷却水の通過量を増減（増減量をΔｑとする）すると、（Ｑ１＋Δｑ）×Ｔ２＝（Ｔ２＋Δｔ）×Ｑ１とすることが可能となる。結局、Δｑ＝ Δｔ・Ｑ１／Ｔ２になるように冷却水の量を増減すればよいことになる。但し、Ｔ２は最小に設定した値である。 Next, when the load of the fuel cell 11 fluctuates and the temperature of the cooling water discharged from the drain port 13 changes (that is, when Δt fluctuates), the amount of cooling water in the fuel cell 11 Is constant at Q1, this means that the amount of heat generated from the fuel cell 11 has changed by Δt × Q1. Here, when the passage amount of the cooling water is increased / decreased (the increase / decrease amount is Δq), (Q1 + Δq) × T2 = (T2 + Δt) × Q1 can be obtained. Eventually, the amount of cooling water may be increased or decreased so that Δq = Δt · Q1 / T2. However, T2 is a value set to the minimum.

今、燃料電池１１の給水口１２の温度は一定としているので、結局はＴ２′−Ｔ１（＝Δｔ）を見て、Ｑ１の量を増減する。ここで、Ｔ２′は実際の測定値である。Ｑ１の量を増減するには、第２の流量制御部２３の設定値を変えることよって行う。なお、３方弁２０の開閉を全く行わず、２方弁２１のみで冷却水の量は制御できないので、第２の流量制御部２３がまず３方弁２０の粗調整を行い、次に２方弁２１の精密制御を行うようにする。 Now, since the temperature of the water supply port 12 of the fuel cell 11 is constant, the amount of Q1 is increased or decreased by looking at T2′−T1 (= Δt) after all. Here, T2 ′ is an actual measured value. The amount of Q1 is increased or decreased by changing the set value of the second flow rate control unit 23. Since the three-way valve 20 is not opened and closed at all and the amount of cooling water cannot be controlled by the two-way valve 21 alone, the second flow rate controller 23 first performs rough adjustment of the three-way valve 20 and then 2 Precision control of the direction valve 21 is performed.

従って、本発明の一実施の形態に係る燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法は、即ち、この燃料電池の制御装置１０を使用する場合、燃料電池１１の排水口１３から排出される冷却水を、降温用熱交換器１４で温度を下げ、加熱ヒータ１５を用いて所定温度に保持してタンク１６内に溜め、タンク１６内の所定温度に保持された冷却水をポンプ１８によって汲み上げ、３方弁２０を介して燃料電池１１の排水側流路と燃料電池１１の給水側流路に分流し、燃料電池１１の給水側流路に分流した冷却水を２方弁２１を介して更に精密に流量調整し、かつ、燃料電池１１を通過する冷却水の流量を３方弁２０と２方弁２１によって制御して、燃料電池１１の給水口１２と排水口１３との冷却水の温度差を一定に保持することができる。 Therefore, the control method of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, that is, when the control device 10 of the fuel cell is used, the cooling water discharged from the drain port 13 of the fuel cell 11 is used. The temperature is lowered by the heat exchanger 14 for lowering the temperature, kept at a predetermined temperature using the heater 15 and stored in the tank 16, and the cooling water held at the predetermined temperature in the tank 16 is pumped up by the pump 18 in three directions. Through the valve 20, the cooling water is divided into the drain side flow path of the fuel cell 11 and the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell 11, and the cooling water which is divided into the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell 11 is more precisely passed through the two-way valve 21. Adjusting the flow rate and controlling the flow rate of the cooling water passing through the fuel cell 11 by the three-way valve 20 and the two-way valve 21, the temperature difference of the cooling water between the water supply port 12 and the drain port 13 of the fuel cell 11 is controlled. Can be held constant.

また、以上の制御方法に加えて、第２の流量制御部２３を通過する冷却水の量を測定し、３方弁２０及び２方弁２１を制御して、燃料電池１１を通過する冷却水の量（即ち、給水口１２の冷却水の流量）を一定に制御できる。
本発明は前記した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を変更しない範囲で、冷却水の通路を変更できる。 Further, in addition to the above control method, the amount of cooling water passing through the second flow rate control unit 23 is measured, the three-way valve 20 and the two-way valve 21 are controlled, and the cooling water passing through the fuel cell 11 is measured. (Ie, the flow rate of the cooling water at the water supply port 12) can be controlled to be constant.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the passage of the cooling water can be changed without changing the gist of the present invention.

１０：燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御装置、１１：燃料電池、１２：給水口、１３：排水口、１４：降温用熱交換器、１５：加熱ヒータ、１６：タンク、１７：モータ、１８：ポンプ、１９：第１の流量制御部、２０：３方弁、２１：２方弁、２３：第２の流量制御部、２５：第１の温度センサ、２６：第２の温度センサ、２７：第３の温度センサ、２８：第４の温度センサ、２９：第１の弁、３０：第２の弁、３０ａ：制御部、３２：圧力計 10: Control device for cooling water flowing through fuel cell, 11: Fuel cell, 12: Water supply port, 13: Drain port, 14: Heat exchanger for cooling, 15: Heating heater, 16: Tank, 17: Motor, 18: Pump: 19: first flow control unit, 20: three-way valve, 21: two-way valve, 23: second flow control unit, 25: first temperature sensor, 26: second temperature sensor, 27: 3rd temperature sensor, 28: 4th temperature sensor, 29: 1st valve, 30: 2nd valve, 30a: Control part, 32: Pressure gauge

Claims (4)

１）燃料電池の排水口から排出される冷却水を、降温用熱交換器で温度を下げ、加熱ヒータを用いて所定温度に保持してタンク内に溜め、２）前記タンク内の所定温度に保持された前記冷却水をポンプによって汲み上げ、３）前記ポンプで汲み上げた前記冷却水を３方弁を介して前記燃料電池の排水側流路と前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流し、４）前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流した前記冷却水を２方弁を介して更に精密に流量調整し、かつ、５）前記燃料電池を通過する流量を前記３方弁と前記２方弁によって制御して、前記燃料電池の給水口と前記排水口との前記冷却水の温度差を一定に保持することを特徴とする燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法。 1) Cooling water discharged from the drain of the fuel cell is lowered in temperature by a heat exchanger for lowering temperature, kept at a predetermined temperature using a heater, and stored in a tank. 2) To be kept at a predetermined temperature in the tank. The cooling water held by the pump is pumped up by a pump, and 3) the cooling water pumped up by the pump is divided into a drain side flow path of the fuel cell and a water supply side flow path of the fuel cell through a three-way valve. ) The flow rate of the cooling water divided into the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell is adjusted more precisely through a two-way valve, and 5) the flow rate passing through the fuel cell is adjusted to the three-way valve and the two-way valve. And controlling the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell to maintain a constant temperature difference between the cooling water at the water supply port and the drain port of the fuel cell. １）燃料電池の排水口から排出される冷却水を、降温用熱交換器で温度を下げ、加熱ヒータを用いて所定温度に保持してタンク内に溜め、２）前記タンク内の所定温度に保持された前記冷却水をポンプによって汲み上げ、３）前記ポンプで汲み上げた前記冷却水を３方弁を介して前記燃料電池の排水側流路と前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流し、４）前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流した前記冷却水を２方弁を介して更に精密に流量調整し、かつ、５）前記燃料電池を通過する流量を前記３方弁と前記２方弁によって制御して、前記燃料電池の給水口の前記冷却水の流量を一定に保持することを特徴とする燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法。 1) Cooling water discharged from the drain of the fuel cell is lowered in temperature by a heat exchanger for lowering temperature, kept at a predetermined temperature using a heater, and stored in a tank. 2) To be kept at a predetermined temperature in the tank. The cooling water held by the pump is pumped up by a pump, and 3) the cooling water pumped up by the pump is divided into a drain side flow path of the fuel cell and a water supply side flow path of the fuel cell through a three-way valve. ) The flow rate of the cooling water divided into the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell is adjusted more precisely through a two-way valve, and 5) the flow rate passing through the fuel cell is adjusted to the three-way valve and the two-way valve. The method for controlling the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell is characterized in that the flow rate of the cooling water at the water supply port of the fuel cell is kept constant. 請求項１又は２記載の燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法において、前記ポンプは回転数を制御可能なモータによって回転駆動されていることを特徴とする燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御方法。 3. The method of controlling cooling water flowing through a fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pump is driven to rotate by a motor capable of controlling the rotational speed. １）燃料電池の排水口から排出される冷却水を冷却する降温用熱交換器と、２）前記降温用熱交換器によって冷却された前記冷却水をタンクに溜めて、該タンク内に溜まった前記冷却水を加熱する加熱ヒータと、３）前記タンク内の冷却水を汲み上げるポンプと、４）前記ポンプで汲み上げられた冷却水を前記燃料電池の排水側流路と前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流する流量調整可能な３方弁と、５）前記３方弁で前記燃料電池の給水側流路に分流された冷却水を更に精密に流量調整する２方弁と、６）前記燃料電池の給水口と前記排水口を流れる冷却水の温度をそれぞれ測定する第１、第２の温度センサと、７）前記第１、第２の温度センサで測定した前記給水口と前記排水口を流れる冷却水の温度差が一定値になるように、前記３方弁の開度、及び前記２方弁の開度を制御する制御部とを有することを特徴とする燃料電池を流れる冷却水の制御装置。 1) a cooling heat exchanger that cools the cooling water discharged from the drain of the fuel cell; and 2) the cooling water cooled by the cooling heat exchanger is accumulated in a tank and accumulated in the tank. A heater for heating the cooling water, 3) a pump for pumping up the cooling water in the tank, 4) a cooling water pumped up by the pump, and a drain side flow path of the fuel cell and a water supply side flow of the fuel cell A three-way valve capable of adjusting the flow rate to be diverted to the road, 5) a two-way valve for more precisely adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water diverted to the water supply side flow path of the fuel cell by the three-way valve, and 6) the fuel First and second temperature sensors for measuring the temperature of cooling water flowing through the water supply port and the drain port of the battery, respectively, and 7) the water supply port and the drain port measured by the first and second temperature sensors. The three-way valve so that the temperature difference of the flowing cooling water becomes a constant value Opening, and the control device of the cooling water flowing through the fuel cell, characterized by a control unit which controls the 2-way valve opening.
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