JP2012067573A - Surface planted type diamond bit capable of adjusting projection height of diamond abrasive grains from matrix and strongly maintaining inner and outer diameters - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure a space for circulating cooling water for the purpose of cooling a bore hole and removing scraps by taking a large clearance between a matrix surface for holding the diamond of a surface planted type bit and a rock to be drilled.SOLUTION: The matrix 20 for holding diamond abrasive grains 10 to be a blade tip is turned to a two-story structure in a height direction, a second floor layer comprises a pedestal sufficiently larger than a diamond particle, and the pedestal of the second floor layer projected from the matrix is constructed. Manufacturing is performed by an impregnation method, and a female die made of graphite is processed and configured. For the second floor layer part, a diamond implanting hole is processed and molded on the graphite die by a drill, an end mill or a ball end mill. At the center of the pedestal of the first stage for mounting the diamond, processing is performed to a depth corresponding to a diamond size further.

Description

  Processing for underground geological surveys and exploration of underground resources. It belongs to the field of processing technology and processing tools for geological survey.

  As one of the technical backgrounds, in diamond bits, it is very important in continuous advance processing to ensure the amount of diamond protrusion from the bit matrix. In order for drilling with a bit to be carried out continuously, it is important that the diamond always penetrates deeply into the work piece (ground rock, bedrock). For this reason, the larger the diamond abrasive grains, the larger the particle diameter, so that the amount of protrusion can be increased, which has an advantageous effect on drilling. In many cases, a natural diamond having a large particle diameter or an artificial fine diamond is formed at a high temperature and high pressure using a fired bonded body (hereinafter referred to as a sintered body) as a cutting edge.

However, there is a limit to the diamond particle size and the sintered body to always increase the clearance with the matrix surface holding the diamond in balance with the cost. Moreover, the natural property reproducibility and quality range of natural diamonds, exchange fluctuations due to import dependence and cost factors per grain (no two same diamonds) will increase the risk as a tool component factor. Become. In addition, these combined products are often quite expensive products, and many disadvantageous elements in a competitive society appear.

Japanese Patent Application No. 1998-144771 Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-027037

Model document 1

Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-002506

  However, although References 1 and 3 are utility models and patents of the applicant's previous application, the technical field and the technical method are the same. Therefore, it is effective in improving the understanding of the principle and principle, and reflects the will of the applicant who wishes for a product patent. In particular, the implementation method is a method in which diamonds are mixed and dispersed in a matrix in an inclusive manner so that the diamond blade edge is exposed as the matrix wears, and Document 2 is also the same implementation method. What is this application?

  However, this new technology that constructs a layer that does not contain diamonds as a matrix is clear in terms of novelty and prior art and has a remarkable effect. Incidentally, in these methods, the protrusion amount of the diamond is a measured value, but a value of several microns. However, Document 3 can improve by several tens of microns, 10 times or more. Although the effectiveness of the tool in Document 2 is unknown, it is presumed that it will be inappropriate in view of the fact that no significant effect has been reported in the industry.

  In general, in order to ensure the protruding amount of natural diamond, a sintered body having an apparently large particle diameter as a sintered body (hereinafter referred to as a sintered body) having a large particle diameter or an artificial fine diamond at high temperature and high pressure ( PDC (Polycrystalline diamond) has been used to increase the amount of protrusion, since conventional surface-implanted bits do not provide a large clearance between the rock to be drilled and the matrix surface that holds the diamond at the cutting edge. Circulation of cooling water (hereinafter referred to as slime water) for the purpose of removing debris causes sediment wear effect, erosion wear of bit tip and matrix layer, and prevents clogging by discharging fluid. Occurrence occurred, leading to abnormal wear of the tool and a decrease in the drilling rate.

  In order to solve the problem, the matrix that holds the diamond abrasive grains serving as the cutting edge has a two-story structure in the height direction, and the two layers are composed of a pedestal that is sufficiently larger than the diamond particles, and the two tiers that protrude from the matrix To construct. In principle, the number of layers can be increased as much as possible, but there is a limit to the improvement in strength, which is structural stability, and the processing of the mold, and two to three layers are suitable. Since the outline of the manufacturing method is an impregnation method, a graphite mold (hereinafter referred to as a mold) which is a female mold is processed and configured. The second layer is drilled with a hole to project the diamond that becomes the cutting edge,

  It can be easily processed and molded with an end mill or ball end mill. Recent machine tools equipped with NC machines make machining accuracy, efficiency and time easy. In the center of the first pedestal on which the diamond is placed, it is further processed to a depth corresponding to the diamond size. By doing so, it is possible to configure a cylindrical female die that sequentially becomes two layers. A diamond is placed in the center of this female mold with natural or organic glue and temporarily fixed. After temporarily fixing to the inner surface of the female mold, set the base metal at the center of the fixed jig and fix it.

  Further, a skeleton material constituting the framework is poured into the gap between the female die and the base metal and filled. And it melt | dissolves on the skeleton filling state, and it covers with the flux used as the glass component comprised by a metal oxide so that the powder used as a binder may be put in a skeleton gap | interval and wettability of a skeleton powder and a binder improves. In this state, the mold and the flux are sufficiently dried. And this method can be implemented by impregnating the melt | dissolved binder by putting a type | mold into a heating furnace and heating.

  By heating to a sufficiently high temperature, the binder soaks into the space of the skeleton layer, and the cylindrical skeleton having a crimped structure of the diamond can also be wetted with the binder to fix the diamond. By doing so, it is possible to secure the amount of protrusion from the diamond and matrix, which has been impossible in the past, more than twice. Since the structure on which the diamond is placed is pushed up by a skeleton and a binder, the diamond is physically protruded from the surface as compared with the original matrix layer.

  In general, in order to secure the amount of protrusion of diamond, the amount of protrusion is increased by using large diamond or artificially made PDC (polycrystalline diamond). By using a two-stage shape, it is possible to ensure a large amount of protrusion even with a small diamond. Because a large amount of protrusion can be produced with a small diamond, the diamond cost can be greatly reduced.

Conventional surface-implanted bits do not have a large clearance between the rock to be drilled and the matrix surface that holds the diamond at the cutting edge, preventing the fluid that drains slime water, causing clogging, and reducing drilling performance. It was.
In the case of a two-stage shape, a clearance of more than twice that of the conventional one can be obtained, so that the flow of fluid is good and the slime can be easily discharged and the excavation performance can be maintained. In the case of diamond abrasive grains, the outer appearance of the sampling core collected by rotary excavation is smooth, and the core can be collected in a good state for the collected core analysis because it is densely implanted.

In the metal bit, the wear of the cutting edge is quick and the fall of excavability is quick in the alternate layer of soft rock.
Since diamond is used, it can be used widely from soft rock to hard rock.
Since it can be used with hard and soft rocks, it is not necessary to replace the bit and work efficiency is improved.

  Example 1

  The embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sketch of a conventional product. The height of the diamond (10) protruding from the matrix (20) is limited to about 30 to 40% from the diameter of the diamond abrasive grains (10). The details of FIG. 1 illustrate this. The basic principle of the present application is to improve the amount of protrusion and make it protrude larger. FIG. 2 shows a diamond bit (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention having a general size of an embedded diamond bit (1) having an outer diameter of 66 mm and an inner diameter of 50 mm.

Abrasive interval and diamond implantation number equivalent to the conventional products are the same. This is an example in which the matrix (20) has a diameter of about 3 mm and was prototyped with a cylinder (22). The mudstone and sandstone were excavated while rotating at a rotational speed of 180 rpm and supplying slime water at a rate of 10 L / min. The drilling speed as a performance increased by 15%, and a very stable state could be maintained within a pressure fluctuation range of 100 kg to 130 kg. Compared with the conventional product, the collected core surface was confirmed to have a clear accumulation state, and it was confirmed that it was a very good implantable diamond bit (1). Relative method overall time

By shortening and stabilizing the hydraulic drive, it was confirmed that the drilling efficiency was improved by about 30%. When the bit surface after use was observed in detail, the crushed diamond (10) was within 10% and the diamond (10) dropped out was within 5%. In the matrix (20), wear of the upper cylindrical portion (22) in the detailed view of FIG. 2 was remarkable, but there was no influence on the holding of the diamond. Judging from the relative evaluation of tool wear, this is a great improvement on the low standard of 85% overall.

  Since it became clear in the first embodiment that the upper part of the cylinder (22) is easily worn away, the second case is shown in FIG. The outer diameter of the diamond bit 1 is 66 mm and the inner diameter is 50 mm, which is a diamond bit (1) having a general size similar to the case of FIG. Abrasive interval and diamond implantation number equivalent to conventional products. The diamond 1 is formed so that the inner diameter side is along the inscribed arc (26) and the outer diameter side is along the circumscribed arc (27) with respect to the cylinder (22) of the matrix (20). Tested at a height of 1.2 mm

Made. As a whole, the shape of the protrusion is approximately 1.7 times the protrusion of the diamond. The test conditions for confirming the performance were the same work materials as those in the embodiment of FIG. 1, and the loam layer rock (mudstone / sandstone) was excavated. As a result, the excavation speed was increased by 20%, and a stable and stable state was realized in the range of pressure fluctuation from 90 kg to 120 kg. Even when the collected core was compared with the conventional product of FIG. 1 and the prototype of the embodiment of FIG. 2, a better deposited layer could be confirmed. The worn surface is smooth with almost no earth and sand wear, and it is improved to the same level or more without crushing or dropping out of the diamond itself.

I understood it. In the examination of the trial production conditions, when the matrix (20) was raised to the cylinder (22), a clear improvement could be confirmed. About 1.5 to 4 times the size of the diamond (10) can be applied, preferably about 2 to 3 times better. The examination value of the height of the cylinder (22) was examined from about 1 mm to about 5 mm. However, in the case of 1.5 mm, it was found that no earth and sand wear of the matrix (20) occurred. The graphite mold (30) can be changed without significant problems in terms of the thickness and strength of the graphite mold (30), and a significant performance improvement can be realized.

  In FIG. 3, the diamond (10) is shaped relative to the matrix (20) so that the inner diameter side is inscribed in the inner diameter arc (26). The outer diameter arc (27) corresponds to the corner of the portion corresponding to the corner. The outer diameter arc is compared with the outer diameter side of the outer diameter arc (27). A diamond (10) was installed and prototyped so as to be inscribed in the outer diameter. An example of a structure in which the cylinder is buried in the cylinder (22) from the center of the cylinder (22) to the cylinder inner surface (26) and the outer surface (27) from the center of the peripheral portion will be described.

  Since the position of the diamond (10) is cylindrical (22), the inner surface (26) and the outer surface (27) are markedly worn by earth and sand. When the cylinder (22) has a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 1 mm, the inner diameter side (26) is connected to the inner surface side and the outer diameter side (27) is connected to the outer diameter side as much as possible from the center of the cylinder (22). It was good. On the contrary, when the diamond (10) was increased on the inner and outer diameter sides, the diamond (10) was frequently dropped. These configurations could be configured relatively easily by processing the graphite mold (30). The closer to the inner and outer diameters, the better. In any case, the die (30) can be processed with a small-diameter end mill so that the diamond can be easily installed in parallel with the axis center.

  The overall arrangement is shown in FIG. 3, but it is important to configure so that there is a lot of empirical know-how and do not overlap twice when one diamond blade edge 1 rotates. As a result, earth and sand wear reduction was remarkably realized. The excavation speed was further increased by 5% from the prototype improved product of FIG. 3, and the pressure fluctuation range was stable in the range of 100 kg to 130 kg. It was observed that the collected core was clearly improved from the conventional method of FIG.

  The idea of the present invention skillfully utilizes the bonding degree of the grindstone, and can be applied to general iron-based powder metallurgy products and cemented carbide products. Can be used for ceramics-related products such as ceramics.

It is the side view and partial sectional view of a conventional tool. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

(1) Implantable diamond bit (10) Diamond abrasive (diamond)
(20) Matrix (22) Cylinder / Matrix (26) Inscribed arc (27) circumscribed arc (30) Graphite mold (70) Base metal (base material)

Claims (6)

  A metal with a diamond abrasive grain (hereinafter abbreviated as diamond) surface-implanted diamond bit (hereinafter abbreviated as implantable diamond bit) and a metal base metal and a diamond that have been formed by caulking and fixing the diamond. Implanted diamond bit with the tip of the infiltrated alloy (hereinafter referred to as "impregnated alloy", abbreviated as "matrix") matrix and raised pedestal in a cylindrical shape with the diamond positioned higher than the matrix surface   The matrix pedestal that constitutes the base metal is structured to be raised in a cylindrical shape, and the diamond is inscribed in the inner and outer diameters so that the inner and outer diameters of the implantable diamond bit can be maintained strongly. The implantable diamond bit according to claim 1, wherein the implantable diamond bit has a structure embedded in a ring.   The composite metal alloy composing the matrix layer is an impregnation method (Infiltration method) A component skeleton layer (Skelton layer) that can form the desired shape and is self-dissolved to impregnate the voids of the skeleton layer and fill the gaps by penetration with surface tension, etc. The implantable diamond bit according to claim 1, comprising a layer (Binder layer).   Diamond abrasive grains are naturally produced (hereinafter referred to as “natural diamond”), artificially formed sintered bodies (hereinafter referred to as “sintered bodies”), and used in combination thereof, and 2. The implantable diamond bit according to claim 1, which is used alone.   The metal constituting the skeleton layer of the matrix layer is tungsten, a metal of tantalum, carbide, nitride, or boride, and the skeleton layer can be constituted by a combination of these phase states or alone or in an alloy state. Implantable diamond bit.   It dissolves itself and impregnates the voids in the skeleton layer, or lowers the surface tension, easily wets the skeleton surface, and maintains the property of completely eliminating the space inside the binder alloy due to the penetration effect etc. 2. An implantable diamond according to claim 1, which is an alloy of metal such as copper, tin, antimony, manganese, carbide, nitride, boride, and can be formed without a space of a skeleton member composed of a combination thereof. ·bit.

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