JP2010505955A - 脂肪酸アミドヒドロラーゼのインヒビター - Google Patents
脂肪酸アミドヒドロラーゼのインヒビター Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010505955A JP2010505955A JP2009532388A JP2009532388A JP2010505955A JP 2010505955 A JP2010505955 A JP 2010505955A JP 2009532388 A JP2009532388 A JP 2009532388A JP 2009532388 A JP2009532388 A JP 2009532388A JP 2010505955 A JP2010505955 A JP 2010505955A
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Abstract
Description
本願は、米国特許法第119条(e)項の下、2006年10月10日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/850,520号の優先権を主張し、この米国仮特許出願の全体は、本明細書中に参考として援用される。
脂肪酸アミドヒドロラーゼ(FAAH)は、オレアミドヒドロラーゼおよびアナンダミドアミドヒドロラーゼとも呼ばれ、脂肪酸第1級アミドおよびエタノールアミド(オレアミドおよびアナンダミドが含まれる)を分解する膜内在性タンパク質である。FAAHは、その作用部位で神経修飾脂肪酸アミドを分解し、その調節と密接に関連する。
本発明の化合物およびその薬学的組成物は、脂肪酸アミドヒドロラーゼ(FAAH)の有効なインヒビターである。本明細書中に提供したかかる化合物は、式(I)、(II)、または(III):
配列番号1:ヒトFAAHアミノ酸配列
1.本発明の化合物の概要
本発明は、少なくとも1つのルイス酸性ホウ素頭部基(head group)(例えば、ボロン酸、ボロン酸エステル、ボリン酸、またはボリン酸エステル頭部基など)を含むFAAHのインヒビターはFAAH機能の高度に活性なアンタゴニストであるという発見に基づく。
(i)Z1は−ORであり、Z2は、−OR、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であるか、
(ii)Z1およびZ2が共にBに直接結合した少なくとも1つのO原子を有する5〜8員環を形成し、該環は、炭素原子ならびに任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のさらなるヘテロ原子から構成されるか、
(iii)Z1は−ORであり、Z2および環Aが共に任意選択的に置換された5〜7員環を形成し、該環は、炭素原子ならびに任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のさらなるヘテロ原子から構成され、
各Rは、水素または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、もしくはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
L1は、共有結合であるか、任意選択的に置換された直鎖または分岐鎖のC1〜6アルキレン部分またはC2〜6アルケニレン部分であり、
環Aは、N、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を任意選択的に含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC5〜8単環系、C6〜10二環系、またはC10〜16三環系であり、
Xは共有結合または2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位は、1つまたは複数の−O−、−N=N−、−NR’−、−(C=NR’)−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)−、−S(=O)2−、または任意選択的に置換されたフェニレン部分で任意選択的且つ独立して置換され、
各R’は、水素、−C(O)R、適切なアミノ保護基、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
RAは、(i)水素、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−CHO、−N3、−N2R、もしくは−N(R’)2または(ii)式:
R1の各存在は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−CHO、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、−B(OH2)、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基であり、
R2の各例は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基またはC6〜12アリール基であり、
nおよびmの各例は、独立して、0〜10の整数である)の化合物およびその薬学的に許容可能な形態を提供する。
特定の官能基および化学用語の定義を、以下により詳細に記載する。本発明の目的のために、化学元素を、元素周期表、CAS版、Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,75thEd.の表紙裏に従って定義し、特定の官能基を一般にそれに記載のように定義する。さらに、有機化学の原則ならびに特定の官能部分および反応は、Organic Chemistry,Thomas Sorrell,University Science Books,Sausalito,1999;Smith and March March’s Advanced Organic Chemistry,5th Edition,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,New York,2001;Larock,Comprehensive Organic Transformations,VCH Publishers,Inc.,New York,1989;Carruthers,Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis,3rd Edition,Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,1987(それぞれの内容全体が本明細書中で参考として援用される)に記載されている。
(i)Z1およびZ2
上記で一般的に定義されるように、Z1は−ORであり得、Z2は−OR、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり得、Rは、独立して、水素または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基である。
上記にも一般的に定義されるように、L1は、共有結合であり得るか、任意選択的に置換された直鎖または分岐鎖のC1〜6アルキレン部分またはC2〜6アルケニレン部分であり得る。
上記にも一般的に定義されるように、環Aは、任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC5〜8単環系、C6〜10二環系、またはC10〜16三環系である。
一定の実施形態では、環Aは、任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC5〜8単環系である。
一定の実施形態では、環Aは、任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC6〜10二環系である。
一定の実施形態では、環Aは、任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC10〜16三環系である。
上記にも一般的に定義されるように、Xは共有結合または2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位は、1つまたは複数の−O−、−N=N−、−CH=CH−、−NR’−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−C(=NR’)−、−S(=O)−、−S(=O)2−、または任意選択的に置換されたフェニレン部分で任意選択的且つ独立して置換される。
R’は、上記および本明細書中に定義のとおりであり、
Rhは、水素、ハロゲン、−ORi、−NRk 2、−C(=O)Rm、−C(=O)ORi、−C(=O)N(Rk)2、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、Riは、水素、適切なヒドロキシル保護基、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、Rkの各例は、独立して、水素、適切なアミノ保護基、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であるか、2つのRkが結合して5〜6員環を形成し、Rmは、水素、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
qは0〜4であり、
rは0〜1であり、
sは1〜3である)が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
上記で一般的に定義されるように、RAは、(i)水素、ハロゲン、−OH、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−N3、−N2R、または−N(R’)2(式中、RおよびR’は本明細書中に記載のとおりである)または(ii)式:
上記で一般的に定義されるように、RAは、一定の実施形態では、式:
一定の実施形態では、環Bは、任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC5〜8単環系である。
一定の実施形態では、環Bは、任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC6〜10二環系である。
一定の実施形態では、環Bは、任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC10〜16三環系である。
上記にも一般的に定義されるように、R1の各例は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、−B(OH2)、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基(式中、RおよびR’の各例は本明細書中に記載のとおりである)であるか、2つのR1基が共に5〜6員環の複素環を形成する。
上記にも一般的に定義されるように、R2の各例は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基(式中、RおよびR’の各例は本明細書中に記載のとおりである)である。
本発明の化合物の例を、以下に示す実施例ならびに表1および2に示す。本発明の化合物を、実施例172に詳述した方法を使用して、ヒトまたはラットのFAAHのインヒビターとしてアッセイした。例示した化合物の活性を、以下の表1および2に示し、ここで、「A」と指定した活性は、0.01μM以下のKiを有する化合物をいい、「B」は0.01μMと0.1μMとの間のKiを有する化合物をいい、「C」は0.01μMと1μMとの間のKiを有する化合物をいい、「D」は1μMを超えるKiを有する化合物をいう。
Z1およびZ2は、それぞれについて独立して、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、またはアラルキルオキシを示すか、Z1およびZ2は共に、鎖または環内の少なくとも2つの連結する炭素原子によって分離される少なくとも2つのヒドロキシル基を有するジヒドロキシル化合物に由来する部分を形成し、鎖および環は、炭素原子ならびに任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を含み、
nは、0、1、2、3、または4であり、
mは、0、1、2、3、4、または5であり、
Xは、結合、O、S、NR3、CR4R5、OCR4R5、CR4R5O、SCR4R5、CR4R5S、NR3CR4R5、またはCR4R5NR3であり、
R1は、それぞれ独立して、ハライド、アルキル、ペルハロアルキル、アルコキシ、またはトリハロアルコキシであり、
R2は、それぞれ独立して、ハライド、アルキル、ペルハロアルキルニトロ、アルコキシ、トリハロアルコキシ、アリールオキシ、カルボキシ、アミド、エステル、または−NR4CO2R5であるか、隣接炭素上の2つのR2は共に、N、O、およびSからなる群から選択される0〜3個のヘテロ原子を含む5〜7員環の任意選択的に置換された環を形成し、
R3、R4、およびR5は、それぞれ独立して、H、アルキル、アラルキル、アリール、エステル、またはアミドである)の化合物を提供する。
一定の実施形態では、本発明は、式(I)、(II)、もしくは(III)の化合物またはその薬学的に許容可能な形態および薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む薬学的組成物を提供する。
キット
1つまたは複数の本発明の化合物(またはその薬学的に許容可能な形態)および/または本発明の薬学的組成物を含むキットがなおさらに本発明に含まれる。キットは、典型的には、適切な容器(例えば、ホイル、プラスチック、またはボール紙のパッケージ)中に提供する。一定の実施形態では、本発明のキットは、本明細書中に記載の1つまたは複数の薬学的賦形剤、薬学的添加剤、および治療活性剤などを含むことができる。一定の実施形態では、本発明のキットは、適切な投与のための手段(例えば、目盛りつきカップ、シリンジ、ニードル、および清浄助剤など)を含むことができる。一定の実施形態では、本発明のキットは、適切な投与のための説明書および/または適切な投与のための調製法を含むことができる。
本発明はまた、治療有効量の式(I)、(II)、または(III)の化合物またはその薬学的組成物を、FAAH媒介性の疾患、障害、または容態の治療を必要とする患者に投与することによる、この疾患、障害、または容態の治療方法を提供する。
本発明の化合物を、治療に有効な任意の投与量および任意の投与経路を使用して投与することができる。正確な必要量は、被験体によって変化し、被験体の種、年齢、および全身状態、感染重症度、特定の組成物、その投与様式、およびその活性様式などに依存する。本発明の化合物を、典型的には、投与を容易にし、投薬量を均一にするために単位投薬形態で処方する。しかし、本発明の組成物の総1日使用量を、医学上の正しい判断の範囲内で担当医が決定すると理解されるであろう。任意の特定の被験体または生物のための特定の治療有効用量は、種々の要因(治療を受ける疾患、障害、または容態、障害の重症度、使用した特定の有効成分の活性、使用した特定の組成物、被験体の年齢、体重、全身の健康状態、性別、および食事、使用した特定の有効成分の投与時間、投与経路、および排泄率、治療持続時間、使用した特定の有効成分と組み合わせるか同時に使用する薬物、ならびに医学分野で周知の要因などが含まれる)に依存するであろう。
種々の治療用途についての本発明の化合物の活性を決定する方法は、当該分野で周知である。これらには、単離したFAAHに結合し、そして/またはその活性を調整する化合物ならびに療法のための動物モデルおよび細胞モデルを見出すための高処理スクリーニングが含まれるが、これに限定されない。
8.FAAHのセリン−241とボロン酸インヒビターとの間の共有結合性複合体形成
本発明によって提供される化合物は、Ser−241 FAAHの求核側鎖と可逆性の共有結合性複合体を形成する。
「Ser」はセリン残基を意味する。一定の実施形態では、Serは、FAAHタンパク質のSer241である。いくつかの実施形態では、タンパク質はラットFAAHである。他の実施形態では、タンパク質はヒトFAAH(配列番号1)である。一定の実施形態では、タンパク質の活性部位は142にLys、217にSer、241にSerを有する。一定の実施形態では、化合物は、Ser241で結合する。
本発明の化合物を合成するための多数の方法が当業者に公知である。一般的なボロン酸エステルの合成方法は、有機金属種のホウ酸トリメチルなどの有機ホウ酸塩との反応である。一般的な有機金属種には、アルキルリチウムおよびグリニャール試薬が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。ボロン酸塩がアルキルリチウム試薬およびグリニャール試薬に耐えることができない高感度の官能基を含む場合、他のボロン酸塩の合成方法を使用する。これらの方法は、アリールまたはアルケニルハライドおよびジボロナートまたはジアルコキシボランのパラジウムカップリング反応ならびにアルケンまたはアルキンのヒドロホウ素化を含む。これらの方法を使用して、種々のボロン酸塩類(collection)を合成することができる。適切な酸を使用した酸性水溶液条件下でのボロン酸塩の加水分解によってボロン酸塩をボロン酸に容易に変換することができる。適切な酸には、HCl、H2SO4、およびHBrが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。ボロン酸塩の別の加水分解方法は、実施例5に例示されるように、酸化剤(NaIO4など)を使用した酸化的加水分解である。本発明のボロン酸化合物は、アルコールに曝露した場合にボロン酸エステルを容易に形成する。得られたボロン酸エステルを、本発明の方法で使用することもできる。一定のジオール(例えば、1,2−ジオールおよび1,3−ジオール)を使用した場合、環状ボロン酸塩が形成される。本発明のボロン酸化合物は、ボロン酸部分の脱水によってオリゴマー無水物を容易に形成し、それにより、二量体、三量体、および四量体、ならびにその混合物が形成される。これらの種は、水の存在下および生理学的条件下で、加水分解によってボロン酸に再度変換される。
3,4’−ジフルオロビフェニル−4−イルボロン酸(1)の合成
化合物(8)の合成:化合物8を、4の代わりに化合物5を使用して、実施例1に記載と同様の手順を使用して合成することができる。MS(ESI(−))m/e 233.04(M−H)。
化合物23を、3’−トリフルオロメチル[1,1’−ビフェニル]−3−カルボン酸の代わりに4’−トリフルオロメチル[1,1’−ビフェニル]−3−カルボン酸を使用して、実施例11に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。
化合物(28):ボロン酸エステル26(200mg、1.0当量)をTHF(5mL)に溶解し、氷浴中で冷却した。冷却溶液に水素化ナトリウム(30mg、1.2当量)を添加し、継続的に冷却しながら30分間撹拌した。次いで、ヨウ化メチル(132mg、1.5当量)を添加し、反応物を16時間撹拌した。水で反応を停止させ、EtOAcで希釈した。層を分離し、有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させ、濾過し、蒸発させて黄色オイルを得た。オイルを、ヘキサン/酢酸エチル(0〜80%で勾配20%)でのシリカゲルでクロマトグラフにかけて、ベージュ色固体として52mgの28を単離した。
化合物30を、塩化ベンゾイルを2−フェニル塩化アセチルに置き換えることによって実施例13のパートAに記載の手順にしたがって合成した。
4−(ベンジルスルホニル)フェニルボロン酸(43)の合成
4−(フェニルチオメチル)フェニルボロン酸(47)および4−(フェニルスルフィニルメチル)フェニルボロン酸(48)の合成
4−(メチル(フェニル)カルバモイル)フェニルボロン酸(51)の合成
4−(メチル(フェネチル)カルバモイル)フェニルボロン酸(53)の合成
4−(ジベンジルカルバモイル)フェニルボロン酸(55)の合成
4−((4−クロロ−3−メチルフェノキシ)メチル)フェニルボロン酸(58)の合成
4−(フェノキシメチル)フェニルボロン酸(61)の合成
4−(3−フルオロ−4−メチルフェノキシ)フェニルボロン酸(62)の合成
化合物66を、ボロン酸63の代わりにピリジン−3−ボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 214.09(M−H)−。
化合物70を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−メトキシカルボニルフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 271.05(M−H)−.
化合物71を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−メトキシカルボニルフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 271.05(M−H)−.
化合物76を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−(N,N−ジメチルアミノ)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 256.09(M−H)−.
化合物78を、ボロン酸63の代わりに(3−クロロ−4−メチルフェニル)ボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 261.16(M−H)−.
化合物79を、ボロン酸63の代わりに(4−メチル−3−ニトロフェニル)ボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 272.06(M−H)−.
化合物80を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3,4−メチレンジオキシベンゼンボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 257.03(M−H)−.
化合物81を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−フルオロ−4−プロピルオキシフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 289.32(M−H)−.
化合物82を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−ブチルオキシ−3−フルオロフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 302.97(M−H)−.
化合物83を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3,4,5−トリフルオロフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 266.99(M−H)−.
化合物88を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−フルオロ−4−メトキシフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 261.03(M−H)−.
化合物89を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−クロロ−3−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 314.83(M−H)−.
化合物90を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−クロロ−4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 315.47(M−H)−.
化合物91を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−クロロ−3−メチルフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 261.41(M−H)−.
化合物92を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−フルオロ−3−メチルフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 245.45(M−H)−.
化合物93を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−クロロ−4−メトキシフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 277.45(M−H)−.
化合物94を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−エトキシ−3−フルオロフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 275.07(M−H)−.
化合物97を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−トリフルオロメトキシフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 297.05(M−H)−.
化合物99を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3,4,5−トリメトキシフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 302.96(M−H)−.
化合物100を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−メトキシ−3,5−ジメチルフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 271.08(M−H)−.
化合物101を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−イソプロポキシカルボニルフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 299.11(M−H)−.
化合物102を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−(N,N−ジメチルアミノカルボニル)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 284.66(M−H)−.
化合物103を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−(N,N−ジメチルアミノカルボニル)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 284.32(M−H)−.
化合物104を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−(ピロリジン−1−カルボニル)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 310.16(M−H)−.
化合物105を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−(N−イソプロピルアミノカルボニル)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 298.06(M−H)−.
化合物106を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−(ブチルアミノカルボニル)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 312.14(M−H)−.
化合物107を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−(N−ベンジルアミノカルボニル)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 346.11(M−H)−.
化合物108を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−(t−Boc−アミノ)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 327.94(M−H)−.
化合物110を、ボロン酸63の代わりに4−(t−Boc−アミノ)フェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 327.92(M−H)−.
化合物112を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3,4−ジメトキシフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 373.07(M+H2O−H)−.
化合物114を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−フルオロフェニルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりに2,6−ジメチル−4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−1,3,2−ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)フェノールを使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 259.02(M−H)−.
化合物115を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−フルオロフェニルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりに2−メトキシ−4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−1,3,2−ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)フェノールを使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 260.99(M−H)−.
2−フルオロ−4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)フェニルボロン酸(120)の合成
化合物123を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−トリフルオロメトキシフェニルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 315.35(M−H)−.
化合物124を、ボロン酸63の代わりに(4−クロロ−3−メチルフェニル)ボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 279.12(M−H)−.
化合物125を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3,4−ジフルオロフェニルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 266.48(M−H)−.
化合物126を、ボロン酸63の代わりに(3−クロロ−4−メチルフェニル)ボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例23に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 279.03(M−H)−.
化合物130を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに4−クロロ臭化ベンジルを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 261.07(M−H)−.
化合物131を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに2−フルオロ−3−メチル臭化ベンジルを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 259.04(M−H)−.
化合物132を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに4−フルオロ−3−メチル臭化ベンジルを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 259.05(M−H)−.
化合物133を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに2−クロロ−5−フルオロ−3−メチル臭化ベンジルを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 293.91(M−H)−.
化合物134を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに4−フルオロ−3−メチル臭化ベンジルおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール119を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 277.06(M−H)−.
化合物135を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに4−フルオロ−3−メチル臭化ベンジルおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 277.13(M−H)−.
化合物136を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに(1−ブロモエチル)ベンゼンを使用して、実施例80に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 241.09(M−H)−.
化合物137を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりにブロモシクロヘキサンを使用して、実施例80に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 219.07(M−H)−.
4−(2−(ジメチルアミノ)−2−オキソ−1−フェニルエトキシ)フェニルボロン酸(141)の合成
化合物144を、ジメチルアミンの代わりにブチルアミンを使用して、実施例91に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 326.52(M−H)−.
化合物148を、ジメチルアミンの代わりにN’−ベンジル−N,N−ジメチルエチレンジアミンを使用して、実施例91に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 431.12(M−H)−.
化合物149を、2の代わりに3−メチル−1,4−ジ−ブロモベンゼンおよび3の代わりに3−フルオロフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例1に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 229.14(M−H).
化合物152を、4の代わりに3−フルオロ−2’クロロ−4’−ブロモビフェニルを使用して、実施例1に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 249.01(M−H).
ボロン酸160を、アミン50の代わりにN−フェニルベンジルアミンを使用することによって実施例19に記載の様式で合成し、白色固体として160を単離した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 330.12(M−H).
ボロン酸161を、アミン50の代わりにN−メチルベンジルアミンを使用することによって実施例19に記載の様式で合成し、白色固体として161を単離した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 268.11(M−H).
ボロン酸162を、アミン50の代わりに(S)−α−メチルベンジルアミンを使用することによって実施例19に記載の様式で合成し、白色固体として162を単離した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 268.06(M−H).
ボロン酸163を、アミン50の代わりに(R)−α−メチルベンジルアミンを使用することによって実施例19に記載の様式で合成し、白色固体として163を単離した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 268.10(M−H).
ボロン酸164を、アミン50の代わりにピペリジンを使用することによって実施例19に記載の様式で合成し、白色固体として164を単離した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 232.09(M−H).
4−(ベンジルオキシメチル)フェニルボロン酸(168)の合成
化合物169を、アルコール166の代わりに1−ヒドロキシメチルナフタテン(1−hydroxymethylnaphthatene)を使用して、実施例114に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 291.13(M−H)−.
化合物170を、アルコール166の代わりに1−ヒドロキシナフタテン(1−hydroxynaphthatene)を使用して、実施例114に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 277.13(M−H).
化合物171を、アルコール166の代わりに2−ヒドロキシメチルビフェニルを使用して、実施例114に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 317.17(M−H)−.
化合物176を、アルコール166の代わりに2−トリフルオロメチルベンジルアルコールを使用して、実施例118に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 327.06(M−H)−.
化合物177を、アルコール166の代わりに3−トリフルオロメチルベンジルアルコールを使用して、実施例118に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 327.06(M−H).
化合物178を、アルコール166の代わりに4−トリフルオロメチルベンジルアルコールを使用して、実施例118に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 327.06(M−H)−.
化合物179を、ボロナート171の代わりに3−クロロ−4−メチルフェニルボロン酸を使用して、実施例118に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 275.02(M−H)−.
化合物183を、アミン180の代わりにインドールを使用して、実施例123に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 249.09(M−H)−.
化合物188を、ボロン酸エステル45の代わりに2−フルオロ置換ボロン酸エステルおよびアミン180の代わりにインドリンを使用して、実施例123に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 270.10(M−H)−.
化合物192を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−ヒドロキシフェニルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりに3−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−1,3,2−ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)フェノールを使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 214.09(M−H)−.
化合物193を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−N,N−ジメチルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール119を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 274.08(M−H)−.
化合物194を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−メトキシボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 261.04(M−H)−.
化合物195を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−N,N−ジメチルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 274.08(M−H)−.
化合物196を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−N−メチルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 260.05(M−H)−.
化合物197を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−ピペリジルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 314.14(M−H)−.
化合物198を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−ピロリジニルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 300.12(M−H)−.
4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)−2−メチルフェニルボロン酸(204)の合成
4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)−2−メトキシフェニルボロン酸(207)の合成
2−シアノ−4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)フェニルボロン酸(210)の合成
4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニルボロン酸(211)の合成
4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)−2−(メトキシカルボニル)フェニルボロン酸(216)の合成
2−(ベンジルオキシカルボニル)−4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)フェニルボロン酸(219)の合成
化合物220を、ボロン酸63の代わりに3−N,N−ジメチルボロン酸およびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例24に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 232.00(M−H)−.
2,3−ジフルオロ−4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)フェニルボロン酸(226)の合成
2,6−ジフルオロ−4−(3−フルオロフェノキシ)フェニルボロン酸(229)の合成
化合物230を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに4−ブロモメチルピリジンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 246.04(M−H)−.
化合物231を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに3−ブロモメチルピリジンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 246.04(M−H)−.
化合物232を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに2−ブロモメチルピリジンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 246.04(M−H)−.
化合物233を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに5−ブロモメチルチアゾールおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 252.05(M−H)−.
化合物234を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ2−フェニルエタンを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 241.07(M−H)−.
化合物235を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ2−フェニルエタンおよびフェノール64の代わりに3−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−1,3,2−ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)フェノールを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 241.07(M−H)−.
化合物236を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−3−フェニルプロパンを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。128.MS(ESI(−))m/e 255.07(M−H)−.
化合物237を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−3−フェニルプロパンおよびフェノール64の代わりに3−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−1,3,2−ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)フェノールを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 255.07(M−H)−.
化合物238を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−4−フェニルブタンを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 269.07(M−H)−.
化合物239を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−2−フェニルエタンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 259.06(M−H)−.
化合物240を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−2−(3−クロロフェニル)エタンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 293.06(M−H)−.
化合物241を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−2−(3,4−ジクロロフェニル)エタンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 327.08(M−H)−.
化合物242を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−2−(3−トリフルオロメチルフェニル)エタンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 327.06(M−H)−.
化合物243を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−2−(4−トリフルオロメチルフェニル)エタンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 327.06(M−H)−.
化合物244を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−2−(3−メトキシルフェニル)エタンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 289.09(M−H)−.
化合物245を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ−2−(4−メトキシルフェニル)エタンおよびフェノール64の代わりにフェノール122を使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 289.09(M−H)−.
化合物246を、3−メチル臭化ベンジル128の代わりに1−ブロモ2−フェニルエタンおよびフェノール64の代わりに2−クロロ−4−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−1,3,2−ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)フェノールを使用して、実施例81に記載の手順にしたがって合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 275.02(M−H)−.
(R)−4−(2−(ジメチルアミノ)−3−フェニルプロポキシ)−2−フルオロフェニルボロン酸(254)の合成
化合物255を、(R)−アルコール250の代わりにそのS異性体を使用することを除いて、実施例167に記載のように合成した。MS(ESI(−))m/e 316.12 M−H)−.
ラットおよびヒトFAAHの阻害
以下のアッセイを使用して、本発明の化合物によるFAAHの阻害を決定することができる:(1)Manjunathら、Analytical Biochemistry(2005)343:143−151に記載の高処理スクリーニングに適合する脂肪酸アミドヒドロラーゼについての蛍光ベースのアッセイ、および(2)ミクロソームベースの蛍光アッセイを使用した脂肪酸アミドヒドロラーゼインヒビターの発見のための高処理スクリーニング。Wangら、Biomolecular Screening(2006)1−9。
COS−7細胞−FAAHの精製:
(1)分画:一過性トランスフェクション由来の凍結細胞ペレットを、氷上で解凍し、以下に再懸濁した:12.5mM Hepes(pH8.0)、100mM NaCl、1mM EDTA(10mL/0.2g細胞ペレット)。ペレットをdounceホモジナイザーでホモジナイズし、超音波処理して細胞抽出物を生成した。細胞抽出物を、その後に1000gで遠心分離して細胞残屑を除去した。ペレットを破棄し、上清を、13,000gで20分間遠心分離した。ペレットは、膜結合FAAHを含んでいた。上清を破棄し、ペレットを再溶解した。
SDSゲルおよびウェスタンブロットによるFAAHの存在の確認
FAAH活性アッセイ
Km決定−96ウェルアッセイ
一次従属−96ウェルアッセイ。
ラットFAAHの生化学的阻害アッセイ;材料と方法:ラットFAAH生化学アッセイを、96ウェルの平底黒色未処理ポリスチレンプレート(Corning Costar カタログ番号3915)で行う。FAAH反応緩衝液:50mM Hepes(pH 7.5)、1mM EDTA、0.2% TritonX−100、FAAH基質−AMCアラキドノイルアミド(Cayman Chemicals Company、カタログ番号10005098)。反応を、Envisionマイクロタイタープレートリーダー(励起フィルター355nm(帯域40nm);放射フィルター460nm(帯域25nm))で読み取る。統計処理をしていない(raw)蛍光をy軸上にプロットし、インヒビター濃度をx軸上にプロットして、用量反応阻害曲線を得る。データを、一部位(single site)競合阻害式に当てはめて、12uMおよび9uMに対するラットおよびヒト酵素についてのKmをそれぞれ決定する。
その天然の細胞環境におけるFAAHの阻害
細胞FAAH阻害アッセイ:本アッセイは、その天然の細胞環境におけるFAAH活性を測定する。そのエタノールアミン成分でトリチウム化した放射性標識アナンダミドを、細胞懸濁液に添加する。アナンダミドは細胞中に拡散し、それにより、天然の細胞FAAHがアナンダミドをアラキドン酸およびエタノールアミンに加水分解する。細胞反応を、メタノール/クロロホルム混合物中で停止させる。エタノールアミンを水相に分配し、シンチレーションカウンターによって計数して、細胞FAAH活性を測定する。細胞を連続希釈したインヒビターとプレインキュベートし、その後に放射性標識アナンダミドを添加することによって阻害研究を行う。
ヒトおよびラットの全血についてのFAAH細胞ベースのアッセイプロトコール
本アッセイは、実施例172に記載の細胞ベースのアッセイで使用した方法および原理によって、放射性標識アナンダミドの加水分解によって全血中のFAAHの細胞活性を測定する。FAAHは、免疫系の細胞で発現することが見出された。
疼痛モデルにおけるボロン酸およびボロン酸エステル誘導体のin vivo分析
本アッセイを使用して、急性有害刺激(熱面)からのラットの逃避反射(reflexive withdrawal)に及ぼす本発明の化合物の影響を評価することができる。
FAAHのセリン−241とボロン酸インヒビターとの間の共有結合性複合体結合についての証拠
活性部位特異的不可逆性インヒビターメトキシアラキドニルフルオロホスフェートでのFAAHタンパク質の処理により、メトキシアラキドニルホスホナートがSer−241の側鎖に共有結合した結晶構造が得られる(Braceyら、Science(2002)298:1793−1796)。
Claims (28)
- 式III:
(i)Z1は−ORであり、Z2は、−OR、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であるか、
(ii)Z1およびZ2が共にBに直接結合した少なくとも1つのO原子を有する5〜8員環を形成し、該環は、炭素原子ならびに任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のさらなるヘテロ原子から構成されるか、
(iii)Z1は−ORであり、Z2および環Aが共に任意選択的に置換された5〜7員環を形成し、該環は、炭素原子ならびに任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のさらなるヘテロ原子から構成され、
各Rは、水素または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、もしくはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
L1は、共有結合であるか、任意選択的に置換された直鎖または分岐鎖のC1〜6アルキレン部分またはC2〜6アルケニレン部分であり、
環Aは、N、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を任意選択的に含む置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC5〜8単環系、C6〜10二環系、またはC10〜16三環系であり、環Aは少なくとも1つのフッ素置換基を有し、
Xは共有結合または2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位は、1つまたは複数の−O−、−N=N−、−NR’−、−(C=NR’)−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)−、−S(=O)2−、または任意選択的に置換されたフェニレン部分で任意選択的且つ独立して置換され、
各R’は、水素、−C(O)R、適切なアミノ保護基、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
RAは、(i)水素、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−CHO、−N3、−N2R、もしくは−N(R’)2または(ii)式:
R1の各存在は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−CHO、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、−B(OH2)、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基であり、
R2の各例は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基またはC6〜12アリール基であり、
nおよびmの各例は、独立して、0〜10の整数であり、
但し、Xが−NHCH2−である場合、環Aのフッ素置換基はホウ素(B)原子に対してオルト位である)の化合物またはその薬学的に許容可能な形態および薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤を含む、薬学的に許容可能な組成物。 - 環Aおよび環Bの両方が芳香族である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 環Aおよび環Bの両方がフェニルである、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- Xが共有結合である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- Xが2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位が、1つまたは複数の−O−、−N=N−、−NR’−、−(C=NR’)−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)−、−S(=O)2−、または任意選択的に置換されたフェニレン部分で任意選択的且つ独立して置換される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- Xが2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位が、1つまたは複数の−O−で任意選択的且つ独立して置換される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- Xが2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つのメチレン単位が−O−で置換される、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 治療有効量の式I:
(i)Z1は−ORであり、Z2は、−OR、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であるか、
(ii)Z1およびZ2が共にBに直接結合した少なくとも1つのO原子を有する5〜8員環を形成し、該環は、炭素原子ならびに任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のさらなるヘテロ原子から構成されるか、
(iii)Z1は−ORであり、Z2および環Aが共に任意選択的に置換された5〜7員環を形成し、該環は、炭素原子ならびに任意選択的にN、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のさらなるヘテロ原子から構成され、
各Rは、水素または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、もしくはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
L1は、共有結合であるか、任意選択的に置換された直鎖または分岐鎖のC1〜6アルキレン部分またはC2〜6アルケニレン部分であり、
環Aは、N、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を任意選択的に含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC5〜8単環系、C6〜10二環系、またはC10〜16三環系であり、
Xは共有結合または2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位は、1つまたは複数の−O−、−N=N−、−NR’−、−(C=NR’)−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)−、−S(=O)2−、または任意選択的に置換されたフェニレン部分で任意選択的且つ独立して置換され、
各R’は、水素、−C(O)R、適切なアミノ保護基、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
RAは、(i)水素、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−CHO、−N3、−N2R、もしくは−N(R’)2または(ii)式:
R1の各存在は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−CHO、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、−B(OH2)、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基であり、
R2の各例は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基またはC6〜12アリール基であり、
nおよびmの各例は、独立して、0〜10の整数である)の化合物、その薬学的に許容可能な形態、またはその薬学的に許容可能な組成物を、FAAH媒介性の疾患、障害、または容態の治療を必要とする患者に投与することによる、該疾患、障害、または容態を治療するための方法。 - 環Aおよび環Bの両方が芳香族である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 環Aおよび環Bの両方がフェニルである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 環Aがフェニルであり、少なくとも1つのR1基がホウ素原子に対してオルト位のフルオロである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- Xが共有結合である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- Xが2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位が、1つまたは複数の−O−、−N=N−、−NR’−、−(C=NR’)−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)−、−S(=O)2−、または任意選択的に置換されたフェニレン部分で任意選択的且つ独立して置換される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- Xが2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位が、1つまたは複数の−O−で任意選択的且つ独立して置換される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- Xが2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つのメチレン単位が−O−で置換される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記FAAH媒介性の疾患、障害、または容態が、有痛性の症候群、疾患、および/または障害、炎症性障害、免疫障害、鬱病、不安、睡眠障害、摂食行動、運動障害、緑内障、神経防護作用、または心血管疾患である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記有痛性の症候群、疾患、および/または障害が、神経因性疼痛、中心性疼痛、求心路遮断性疼痛、慢性疼痛、侵害受容体の刺激、急性疼痛、非炎症性疼痛、炎症性疼痛、癌に関連する疼痛、術前疼痛、関節痛、仙腰痛、筋骨格痛、頭痛、片頭痛、筋肉痛、腰痛および頸痛、および歯痛から選択される、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記有痛性の症候群、疾患、および/または障害が神経因性疼痛である、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記炎症性障害が、有害物質の生成および神経の刺激由来の疼痛の1つまたは複数の徴候によって特徴づけられる炎症;血管拡張由来の熱によって特徴づけられる炎症;血管拡張および血流増加由来の発赤によって特徴づけられる炎症;流体の過剰な流入または制限された流出由来の腫脹によって特徴づけられる炎症;機能喪失によって特徴づけられる炎症;血管に影響を及ぼす炎症、関節に影響を及ぼす炎症;胃腸管に影響を及ぼす炎症;皮膚に影響を及ぼす炎症;複数の臓器および組織に影響を及ぼす炎症;脈管疾患に関連する炎症;片頭痛に関連する炎症;緊張性頭痛に関連する炎症;乾癬、過敏性腸疾患、結節性動脈周囲炎、甲状腺炎、再生不良性貧血、ホジキン病、強皮症、リウマチ熱、I型糖尿病、重症筋無力症、サルコイドーシス、ネフローゼ症候群、ベーチェット症候群、多発性筋炎、歯肉炎、過敏症、結膜炎、多発性硬化症、および虚血に関連する炎症;脳障害に関連する神経炎症;頭蓋放射線損傷に関連する慢性炎症;急性炎症状態および慢性炎症状態;外傷および非炎症性筋肉痛に関連する炎症;急性炎症、癒着性炎症、萎縮性炎症、カタル性炎症、慢性炎症、硬変性炎症、びまん性炎症、播種性炎症、滲出性炎症、線維素性炎症、線維性炎症、局所性炎症、肉芽腫性炎症、増殖性炎症(hyperplastic inflammation)、肥大性炎症、間質性炎症、転移性炎症、壊死性炎症、閉鎖性炎症、実質性炎症、増殖性炎症(plastic inflammation)、増殖性炎症(productive inflammation)、増殖性炎症(proliferous inflammation)、偽膜性炎症、化膿性炎症(purulent inflammation)、硬化性炎症、漿液形成性炎症、漿液性炎症、単純炎症、特異性炎症、亜急性炎症、化膿性炎症(suppurative inflammation)、中毒性炎症、外傷性炎症、および/または潰瘍性炎症である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記炎症性障害が、乾癬または過敏性腸疾患に関連する炎症である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 式(I)−複合体:
Z1およびZ2は−OHであり、
L1は、共有結合であるか、任意選択的に置換された直鎖または分岐鎖のC1〜6アルキレン部分またはC2〜6アルケニレン部分であり、
環Aは、N、S、およびOからなる群から独立して選択される1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子を任意選択的に含む任意選択的に置換された飽和、部分不飽和、または芳香族のC5〜8単環系、C6〜10二環系、またはC10〜16三環系であり、
Xは共有結合または2価のC1〜6炭化水素鎖であり、Xの1つ、2つ、または3つのメチレン単位は、−O−、−N=N−、−NR’−、−(C=NR’)−、−S−、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)−、−S(=O)2−、または任意選択的に置換されたフェニレン部分で任意選択的に置換され、
各R’は、水素、−C(O)R、適切なアミノ保護基、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、またはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
各Rは、水素または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜6脂肪族基、C1〜6ヘテロ脂肪族基、C6〜12アリール基、もしくはC6〜12ヘテロアリール基であり、
RAは、(i)水素、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−CHO、−N3、−N2R、もしくは−N(R’)2または(ii)式:
R1の各存在は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−CHO、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、−B(OH2)、または任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基であり、
R2の各例は、独立して、ハロゲン、−OR、−CF3、−CN、−NO2、−NC、−SO2R、−SOR、−C(O)R、−CO2R、−C(O)N(R’)2、−N3、−N2R、−N(R’)2、任意選択的に置換されたC1〜8脂肪族基またはC6〜12アリール基であり、
nおよびmの各例は、独立して、0〜10の整数であり、
Res1−Ser−Res2は、約400残基〜600残基の長さを有するタンパク質であり、SerはFAAHのセリン残基Ser241である)を有するタンパク質のセリン残基と結合した化合物を含む複合体。
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