JP2010010918A - Modulation method and demodulation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve the efficiency of use of frequencies almost equivalent to that of an OFDM method or almost twice the efficiency of use of frequencies of a single carrier modulation method such as a QPSK by arranging four types of single side band wave elements, each of which is composed of a single side band wave which is a reference element for modulation, orthogonally to a circumference of common carrier frequency axis. <P>SOLUTION: By this modulation method, a modulation signal composed of four types of single side band wave elements having a common carrier frequency is generated. Regarding the four types of single side band wave elements, the first single side band wave element has a positive upper-side single side band wave in a positive frequency domain and a positive lower-side single side band wave in a negative frequency domain, the second single side band wave element has the positive upper-side single side band wave in the positive frequency domain and a negative lower-side single side band wave in the negative frequency domain, the third single side band wave element has a positive lower-side single side band wave in the positive frequency domain and a positive upper-side single side band wave in the negative frequency domain, and the fourth single side band wave element has the positive lower-side single side band wave in the positive frequency domain and a negative upper-side single side band wave in the negative frequency domain. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a modulation method and a demodulation method, and more particularly to a modulation / demodulation method for a system that requires an improvement in frequency utilization efficiency in a field using electromagnetic waves such as wireless communication and optical communication.

  The communication method that can obtain the highest frequency utilization efficiency at present is the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM is composed of subdivided modulated waves, but when the number of modulated waves decreases, the frequency utilization efficiency decreases significantly. In addition, in general digital quadrature modulation systems, the frequency utilization efficiency can be improved by making the roll-off rate that governs the frequency characteristics of the baseband signal steep, but in the OFDM system, frequency utilization efficiency can be improved even if the roll-off rate is steep. There is almost no effect in improving.

  Further, as a technique for improving the frequency utilization efficiency, a transmission signal narrowing technique can be cited. A typical example is the SSB (Single Side Band) system. Multiplexing attempts using the SSB method have been made since the past. The transmission signal in the Syed Aon Mujtaba method (patent document 1 or non-patent document 1) studied earliest has a positive USB (Upper Side Band) on a positive frequency carrier. An SSB component having a positive LSB (Lower Side Band) in a negative frequency region carrier, a positive LSB in a positive frequency carrier, and a negative frequency region carrier in a negative frequency region This is a transmission signal composed of an SSB component having a negative polarity USB. However, in the Syed Aon Mujtaba system, the overall frequency bandwidth is not different from the frequency bandwidth of a single carrier modulation system such as QPSK, which does not improve the frequency utilization efficiency.

In the method of Mr. Ikuta announced next (Non-Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 3), the transmission side generates transmission signals having four types of SSB components. In addition, there is a modulation method in which an SSB component is arranged orthogonally on one side of a carrier wave, and frequency utilization efficiency is doubled that of a QPSK single carrier method by orthogonally modulating USB or LSB (Patent Document 2).
US Pat. No. 6,091,781 JP 2006-203835 A Syed Aon Mujtaba, “A Novel Scheme for Transmitting QPSK as a Single-Sideband Signal”, IEEE Globalcomm 98, vol.1, pp.592-597, 1998 Daisuke Ikuta, Fumio Takahata, “Study on SSB transmission of BPSK signal”, 2001 IEICE General Conference Proceedings, B-5-177, March 2001 (Daisuke Ikuta, Fumio Takahata, “On SSB Transmission of BPSK Signal ", Proceedings of the IEICE General Conference, B-5-177, Mar 2001) Daisuke Ikuta, Fumio Takahata, “Study on SSB transmission of QPSK signal”, 2001 IEICE General Conference Proceedings, B-5-176, March 2001 (Daisuke Ikuta, Fumio Takahata, “On SSB Transmission of QPSK Signal ", Proceedings of the IEICE General Conference, B-5-176, Mar 2001) Oichiro Genichiro et al., “Examination of New Modulation Scheme for Frequency Utilization Efficiency”, IEICE Technical Report RCS2003-184, pp.189-194, November 20, 2003 (Gen-ichiro Ohta, Mitsuru Uesugi, Takuro Sato, Hideyoshi Tominaga, "Considerations on new Modulation Methods for Spectram Efficiency", Technical report of IEICE RCS, RCS2003-184, pp.189-194, Nov 2003)

  In order to realize a modulation scheme comparable to or exceeding the frequency utilization efficiency of OFDM using SSB technology, it is necessary to arrange USB and LSB holding independent information on one carrier frequency, and further, USB and LSB One solution is to quadrature modulate each of the. Thereby, the modulation signal is composed of four types of SSB elements having the same carrier frequency. The four types of SSB elements are orthogonal to each other in the frequency domain, but interfere with each other in the time domain. However, the above-described conventional literature does not disclose either a method for separating these four types of SSB elements on the receiving side or a method for extracting only information to be transmitted.

  For example, Non-Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for transmitting four types of SSB elements, but the four types of SSB elements do not have the same carrier frequency. Further, in Non-Patent Document 3, even when the four types of SSB elements have the same carrier frequency, the reception circuit shown in Non-Patent Document 3 retains mutual interference of the four types of SSB components, and cancels out the interference components. Since the operation and the extraction operation of the desired signal cannot be sufficiently performed, the four types of SSB elements cannot be completely demodulated. In Non-Patent Document 3, in order to completely demodulate four types of SSB elements having the same carrier frequency, it is necessary to add a guard band corresponding to the frequency band between the carrier frequency and the SSB component. When a guard band is added, the frequency bandwidth is doubled, which does not lead to an improvement in frequency utilization efficiency.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, interference components are removed only in the decoding stage among the demodulation stage and decoding stage of the receiver. The receiver disclosed in Patent Document 2 configures a quadrature detection unit, a matched filter, and a combiner as components at the demodulation stage, but interference components between signals cannot be removed by any component. That is, in Patent Document 2, interference component removal and signal separation between signals are performed in a decoding stage subsequent to the demodulation stage. In the receiver disclosed in Patent Document 2, interference components between signals are removed by a turbo decoding method. The turbo decoding method is a method for performing error removal cyclically by using a replica of an interference signal component, and is not a method utilizing the characteristics of the SSB method. Also, the turbo decoding method requires a large amount of computation, and a large processing delay is caused by the computation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points. In order to improve the frequency utilization efficiency of radio communication by narrowing the transmission signal by converting the digital signal into SSB, each frequency domain at the time of demodulation is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a modulation scheme and a demodulation scheme that can suppress mutual interference between signals.

  The modulation system of the present invention is a modulation system for generating a modulation signal composed of four types of single sideband elements having a common carrier frequency, and among the four types of single sideband elements, the first single sideband element Has a positive upper single sideband in the positive frequency region and a positive lower single sideband in the negative frequency region, and the second single sideband element has a positive upper single sideband in the positive frequency region. The third single sideband element has a positive single lower sideband in the positive frequency region and has a negative frequency. The region has a positive upper single sideband in the region, and the fourth single sideband element has a positive lower single sideband in the positive frequency region and a negative upper singleband in the negative frequency region. To have.

  The demodulation system of the present invention includes a first single sideband element having a positive upper single sideband in the positive frequency region and a positive lower single sideband in the negative frequency region, and a positive polarity in the positive frequency region. A second single sideband element having a lower single sideband having a negative polarity in the negative frequency region and a negative single frequency having a lower single sideband having a positive polarity in the positive frequency region. A third single sideband element having a positive upper single sideband in the region, and a positive lower single sideband in the positive frequency region and a negative upper singleband in the negative frequency region. Receiving a modulation signal composed of four types of single sideband elements having a common carrier frequency of the fourth single sideband element having, and adding the received signal and a signal obtained by Hilbert transform of the received signal; By subtracting, the modulation signal is It was to separate into a lower single sideband component of the upper single sideband component and 2 elements.

  According to the present invention, four types of single sideband elements consisting of single sidebands, which are the basic elements of modulation, are arranged orthogonally around a common carrier frequency axis, so that they are almost equivalent to the OFDM system or QPSK Thus, the frequency utilization efficiency about twice that of the single carrier modulation system such as the above can be realized. Furthermore, by making the roll-off rate of the symbol signal steep, it is possible to realize frequency use efficiency that is about twice that of the OFDM system.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a modulation signal intended by the present invention, that is, a modulation signal composed of four SSB elements having a common carrier frequency. As shown in FIG. 1, the four SSB elements are composed of an even symmetric positive polarity rotation SSB, an even symmetric negative polarity rotation SSB, an odd symmetric positive polarity rotation SSB, and an odd symmetric negative polarity rotation SSB. Each single sideband element has an even symmetric frequency component or an odd symmetric frequency component in each of the positive and negative frequency regions.

  Specifically, the even symmetric positive rotation SSB has a positive upper single sideband in the positive frequency region and a positive lower single sideband in the negative frequency region. The SSB has a positive upper single sideband in the positive frequency region and a negative lower single sideband in the negative frequency region, and the even symmetric negative rotation SSB has a positive polarity in the positive frequency region. The lower single sideband has a positive upper singlesideband in the negative frequency region, and the odd-symmetric negative rotation SSB has a positive lower singlesideband in the positive frequency region and a negative frequency The region has a negative upper single sideband.

ここで、フェイサとは、一方向の位相回転する基本要素であり、ｅｘｐ（ｊω_１ｔ）は角周波数ω_１の位置で正方向に位相回転し、ｅｘｐ（−ｊω_１ｔ）は角周波数−ω_１の位置で正方向に位相回転する。 Therefore, considering positive and negative components in the frequency domain, the number of SSB elements of the modulation signal is 8. Note that the eight SSB elements are conceptual, and the eight SSB elements do not physically exist alone. For example, the angular frequency omega ₁ of the signal is cos .omega ₁ t or sin .omega ₁ t. However, in order to explain the concept of the SSB element, it is necessary to convert the SSB element into an analytic signal. Therefore, when described as an example cos .omega ₁ t, an angular frequency omega ₁ of the signal, using the Euler's theorem using an analysis component of cos .omega ₁ t Feisa exp (jω ₁ t) and exp (-jω ₁ t) Can be expressed as follows.

Here, the facer is a basic element that rotates in one direction, exp (jω ₁ t) rotates in the positive direction at the position of the angular frequency ω ₁ , and exp (−jω ₁ t) has the angular frequency −. phase rotates in the forward direction at the position of the omega _1.

  On the other hand, the phase of a signal having a bandwidth for transmitting information increases in the positive direction or increases in the negative direction due to the transition of the information signal. At this time, in the frequency domain shown in FIG. 1, a signal having a bandwidth for transmitting information is a USB signal when the phase is rotated in the positive direction, and an LSB signal when the phase is rotated in the negative direction. . For example, in the even symmetric positive polarity rotation SSB shown in FIG. 1, when the phase increases in the positive direction due to the transition of the information signal, a USB component in the positive frequency region is formed, and the phase shifts in the negative direction due to the transition of the information signal. When increasing, an LSB component in the negative frequency domain is formed. That is, even symmetric positive polarity rotation SSB, even symmetric negative polarity rotation SSB, odd symmetric positive polarity rotation SSB and odd symmetric negative polarity rotation SSB shown in FIG. 1 each have a USB component and an LSB component, but in the time domain, Only one of the component and the LSB component is present.

  The four SSB elements in FIG. 1 are expressed as follows: However, information carried by USB SSB-QPSK is u (t) and v (t), and information carried by LSB SSB-QPSK is p (t) and r (t). Further, u (t) and p (t) are in-phase components, and v (t) and r (t) are quadratured-phase components. Further, the signals on the carrier waves u (t), v (t), p (t), and r (t) are U (t), V (t), P (t), and R (t), respectively.

ただし、Ｈ［ｕ（ｔ）］はｕ（ｔ）のヒルベルト変換処理を示す。 <1. Even Symmetric Positive Rotation SSB>
When the signal u (t) is converted into an analysis signal, it is expressed by the following equation.

However, H [u (t)] represents the Hilbert transform process of u (t).

Here, if the carrier angular frequency is ω ₁ , the signal u (t) is carried as SSB shown in the following equation.

<2. Odd Symmetric Positive Rotation SSB>
Using v ₊ and v ₋ in which v (t) is converted into an analytic signal in the same manner as in equation (2), signal v (t) is carried as SSB shown in the following equation.

<3. Even Symmetric Negative Rotation SSB>
Using p ₊ and p ₋ in which p (t) is converted into an analytic signal in the same manner as in equation (2), signal p (t) is carried as SSB shown in the following equation.

<4. Odd Symmetric Negative Rotation SSB>
Using r ₊ and r ₋ in which r (t) is converted into an analytic signal in the same manner as in equation (2), signal r (t) is carried as SSB shown in the following equation.

The four SSB elements have been described above. Here, a modulated signal obtained by synthesizing all four SSB elements can be expressed as S _SSB-QPSK (t) by the following equation.

  FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the modulation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In the modulation device 100 shown in FIG. 2, the transmission data s (t) is input to the serial / parallel conversion unit (S / P conversion unit) 101. The S / P conversion unit 101 performs serial / parallel conversion on the transmission data s (t) to generate four parallel signals. Then, the S / P converter 101 outputs the four parallel signals subjected to serial / parallel conversion to the Nyquist filters 102, 103, 104, and 105, respectively.

  The Nyquist filters 102, 103, 104, and 105 perform a filtering process on the signals input from the S / P converter 101, respectively, to obtain signals u (t), v (t), p (t), r (t) is output.

  The adder 106 adds the output u (t) of the Nyquist filter 102 and the output p (t) of the Nyquist filter 104 to obtain u (t) + p (t). The adder 107 subtracts the output v (t) of the Nyquist filter 103 from the output r (t) of the Nyquist filter 105 to obtain r (t) −v (t).

  The Hilbert transformer 108 performs a Hilbert transform on the output (r (t) −v (t)) of the adder 107, and a signal H [r (t) −v (t)] after the Hilbert transform is sent to the adder 109. Output.

The adder 109 adds the output (u (t) + p (t)) of the adder 106 and the output H [r (t) −v (t)] of the Hilbert transformer 108 to obtain a signal I (t). Generate. The signal I (t) generated by the adder 109 is shown in the following equation.

  The adder 110 subtracts the output u (t) of the Nyquist filter 102 from the output p (t) of the Nyquist filter 104 to obtain p (t) −u (t). The adder 111 adds the output v (t) of the Nyquist filter 103 and the output r (t) of the Nyquist filter 105 in the negative direction to obtain − {r (t) + v (t)}.

  The Hilbert transformer 112 performs a Hilbert transform on the output (p (t) −u (t)) of the adder 110 and the signal H [p (t) −u (t)] after the Hilbert transform is sent to the adder 113. Output.

The adder 113 adds the output (− {r (t) + v (t)}) of the adder 111 and the output H [p (t) −u (t)] of the Hilbert transformer 112 to add the signal Q ( t). The signal Q (t) generated by the adder 113 is shown in the following equation.

The multiplier 114 receives the carrier frequency signal (cos ω ₁ t) generated by the carrier frequency signal generator 116, and the phase of the multiplier 115 is shifted by 90 ° (π / 2) by the phase shifter 117. A carrier frequency signal (sin ω ₁ t) is input. Thereby, the multiplier 114 multiplies the signal I (t) by the carrier frequency signal, and the multiplier 115 multiplies the signal Q (t) by the carrier frequency signal that is 90 ° out of phase.

Adder 118 adds the output of multiplier 114 and the output of multiplier 115. As a result, two types of USB signals (u (t), v (t)) and two types of LSB signals (p (t), r (t)) are orthogonally multiplexed into an SSB modulated wave S _SSB-QPSK (t). Is obtained. The SSB modulated wave S _SSB-QPSK (t) generated by the adder 118 is represented by the following equation.

  Here, Formula (7) and Formula (10) are equivalent. Therefore, with the configuration shown in FIG. 2, a modulation signal intended by the present invention, that is, a modulation signal composed of four types of SSB elements can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 3 shows a configuration of a demodulation / decoding apparatus that receives, demodulates and decodes the SSB modulated wave S _SSB-QPSK (t) transmitted from the modulation apparatus 100.

In the demodulation and decoding apparatus 200 illustrated in FIG. 3, the SSB modulated wave S _SSB-QPSK (t) is input to the quadrature detection unit 201. Quadrature detection unit 201, SSB modulated _{wave S SSB-QPSK} (t) to cos .omega ₁ t or sin .omega ₁ respectively in-phase and quadrature components of multiplying the t received signal _{S SSB-QPSK} (t) to the Nyquist filter 202, 203 Output.

Each of the Nyquist filters 202 and 203 removes the in-phase component and the high-frequency component of the quadrature component of the S _SSB-QPSK (t) input from the quadrature detection unit 201 by the low-pass filter action that each has, thereby _obtaining the signal I (t), Q (t) is obtained.

  The Hilbert transformers 204 and 205 perform Hilbert transform on the signals I (t) and Q (t) to obtain signals H [I (t)] and H [Q (t)].

  The adder 206 adds I (t) and H [Q (t)], the adder 207 subtracts H [Q (t)] from I (t), and the adder 208 adds Q ( t) and H [I (t)] are added, and the adder 209 subtracts H [I (t)] from Q (t).

  The decoder 210 separates two USB signals that are orthogonal to each other in frequency and outputs the separated u (t) and v (t) to the parallel-serial conversion unit (P / S conversion unit) 212. The decoder 211 separates two LSB signals that are orthogonal to each other in frequency, and outputs the separated p (t) and r (t) to the P / S converter 212.

  The P / S converter 212 obtains one system data signal s (t) by performing parallel-serial conversion on the four systems input.

  Next, the operation of the demodulation / decoding apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, the in-phase component of the received signal S _SSB-QPSK (t) obtained by multiplying the received signal S _SSB-QPSK (t) by cos ω ₁ t is passed through a low-pass filter included in the Nyquist filter 202, thereby causing a high-frequency component. Is removed, a signal I (t) of the following formula is obtained.

Further, the high-frequency component is obtained by passing the orthogonal component of the received signal S _SSB-QPSK (t) obtained by multiplying the received signal S _SSB-QPSK (t) by sin ω ₁ t through the low-pass filter of the Nyquist filter 203. Is removed, a signal Q (t) of the following formula is obtained.

  Here, since the signals shown in Expression (11) and Expression (12) include four types of signals, the interference component further increases compared to the case of SSB-QPSK for two signals. If this is the case, the quaternary simultaneous equations must be solved by two formulas (11) and (12). However, it is theoretically impossible to solve the quaternary simultaneous equations with two equations.

Here, it is important to pay attention to the characteristic of the SSB as an analysis signal. That is, the rotation direction in the phase space of the SSB signal is determined in one positive and negative direction. That is, among the SSB signals, the phase rotation direction is different between USB and LSB, and therefore the phase rotation direction does not change even when the Hilbert transform is performed. Therefore, the Hilbert transformer 204 and the Hilbert transformer 205 use this property to perform a Hilbert transform on the signal I (t) of the equation (11) and the signal Q (t) of the equation (12) to obtain a signal of the following equation: Get.

  Comparing equation (11) and equation (14), u (t) and H [v (t)] have the same sign, but p (t) and H [r (t)] have different signs. . Similarly, when Equation (12) and Equation (13) are compared, H [u (t)] and v (t) have different signs, but H [p (t)] and r (t) are identical. It is a sign.

Thus, the adders 206 and 207 obtain the following signals by adding and subtracting the equations (11) and (14).

Similarly, the adders 208 and 209 obtain the following signals by adding and subtracting the equations (12) and (13).

  Thus, Equation (15) and Equation (18) become a binary simultaneous equation of u (t) and v (t), and Equation (16) and Equation (17) are expressed as p (t) and r (t) This is a binary simultaneous equation. As a result, it is only necessary to solve the binary simultaneous equations using the two equations, so that each SSB signal can be separated.

However, these binary simultaneous equations actually include a Hilbert transform element and cause very strong symbol interference. FIG. 4 shows symbol interference caused by the Hilbert transform element. FIG. 4 shows a case where the symbol signal u (t) is used as the Nyquist roll-off signal in the equation (15), that is, u (t) is represented by the equation (19), and its Hilbert transform is represented by the equation (20). It is a figure which shows the interference between symbols in the time domain in the case of being performed.

Here, ω ₀ is the periodic frequency of the symbol signal, and is represented by the following equation by the symbol period T.

  In Expression (15), in addition to the desired wave u (t) on the I axis, the Hilbert transform component H [v (t)] of the signal v (t), which is an orthogonal component, coexists. For example, in FIG. 4, three consecutive symbols u (t), u (t−T), u (t−2T), and symbols v (t), v (t−T), and v (t−) that are orthogonal components. 2H) represents the Hilbert transform components H [v (t)], H [v (t−T)], and H [v (t−2T)]. In FIG. 4, the state of all symbols is set to “1”, that is, +1 for the sake of simplicity.

  In FIG. 4, for example, H [v (t)] having a signal point at the same time as u (t) having a signal point at time t = 0 does not interfere with u (t) at time t = 0. On the other hand, for symbols of t = −T and t = T adjacent to symbols having signal points at time t = 0, H [v (t)] is u (t + T) and u having signal points at the respective times. It is clear that it interferes with (t−T). This is clear even considering the odd symmetry of equation (20).

  Since this complicated interference state occurs at all signal points, it is not easy for the demodulation and decoding apparatus 200 to extract a desired information signal from the received signal. As a method for extracting a desired information signal in such an interference state, there is a method using a turbo decoder. However, since this method generates a replica of the interference component and cyclically removes the interference component, the processing time becomes long. There is also a method using a code spreading technique. However, with this method, for example, the range that can be used in a spreading code such as a Gold code is limited, so that the spreading efficiency decreases. A fundamental solution for the removal of the Hilbert transform component requires the use of the features of the interference component, but no such work has been done so far.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, paying attention to the point that the Hilbert transform component interferes with adjacent symbols, the interference wave is regarded as a desired wave, not as an interference wave, and the demodulation and decoding apparatus includes the desired wave component including the Q axis. Extract desired waves using points generated at three locations in the communication frame.

FIG. 5 shows a method for extracting a desired wave in the present embodiment. FIG. 5 shows a frame of a symbol string transmitted by the S / P converter 101 of the modulation apparatus 100 shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, a null symbol is placed at the beginning of this frame or at the end of the frame. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, a null symbol is arranged at T ₀ which is the head of the frame, and a null symbol is arranged at T ₁₁ which is the end of the frame. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, signals u (t) and v (t) are respectively arranged on the I axis and the Q axis for symbols other than the head and the tail of the frame.

FIG. 6 shows the effect when null symbols are arranged at the beginning and end of the frame as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows six signal components on the I axis and the Q axis at times t = T _{0 to} T ₅ among the symbols at times t = T _{0 to} T ₁₁ shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, u (t) having a signal point on the I axis at time t = 0 is Hilbert transform component H of u (t) at time t = −T on the Q axis orthogonal to the I axis. It can be seen that only [u (t)] appears alone. Similarly, v (t) having a signal point on the Q axis at time t = 0 is equal to the Hilbert transform component H [v (t) of v (t) at time t = −T on the I axis orthogonal to the Q axis. )] Alone appears. Here, when the amplitudes of the signals u (t) and v (t) are normalized, the amount of interference with the adjacent symbol of the Hilbert transform component is about 0.63662.

  As a result, the demodulation and decoding apparatus 200 extracts u (t) and v (t) as Hilbert transform components independently at time t = −T, and then performs u (t) and v (t) at time t = 0. ) And the interference from the next symbol. That is, on the I axis, the signal component at time t = 0 is u (t) −H [v (t−T)], but u (t) that has become known at time t = −T is substituted. The value of -H [v (t-T)] is calculated. Similarly, on the Q axis, the signal component at time t = 0 is v (t) + H [u (t−T)], but v (t) that has become known at time t = −T is substituted. To calculate the value of H [u (t−T)]. Thereby, the values of u (t), u (t−T), v (t) and v (t−T) are obtained by time t = 0.

  The signal component at time t = T can be separated by using a value that has become known by time t = 0 even at time t = T. Specifically, at time t = T, the signal component on the I axis is u (t−T) −H [v (t)] − H [v (t−2T)], and v becomes known. By substituting (t) and u (t−T), the value of −H [v (t−2T)] is calculated. Similarly, on the Q axis, the signal component at time t = T is v (t−T) + H [u (t)] + H [u (t−2T)], and becomes u (t), v that has become known. By substituting (t−T), the value of H [u (t−2T)] is calculated. Thereafter, it is apparent that all symbol signals on the frame can be extracted in the same manner by using the known symbol values.

  In this way, the demodulation and decoding apparatus 200 uses the Hilbert transform components that are independently extracted at the beginning and the end of the frame in which the null symbols are arranged, and sequentially converts the Hilbert transform components that cause intersymbol interference from the beginning of the frame. By removing, the USB signals (u (t) and v (t)) are separated into signals for each SSB element. That is, in the demodulation and decoding apparatus 200, the start or end of the frame in which the null symbol is arranged is set as the start position of the separation process that separates the USB signal into two SSB elements.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the demodulation / decoding apparatus separates four types of SSB signals into USB signals (two types) and LSB signals (two types) by performing Hilbert transform processing. To do. Furthermore, the modulation apparatus arranges a null symbol at the beginning of the frame or at the end of the frame, so that a non-interfering portion can be secured in the time domain during demodulation. Therefore, the demodulation / decoding apparatus can separate two orthogonal components after the head of the frame or before the tail of the frame by using the Hilbert transform component that is independently extracted at the head of the frame or the tail of the frame. Therefore, since the demodulation / decoding apparatus can remove the interference component, when the digital signal is converted to the SSB, the transmission signal is narrowed to improve the frequency utilization efficiency of wireless communication. Can be suppressed.

  Also, according to the present embodiment, it has been clarified that a modulation scheme having a frequency utilization efficiency of 2 bits / sec / Hz can be provided by using four types of SSB signals having the same carrier frequency. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, when the roll-off rate (Nyquist roll-off rate) is sufficiently reduced to narrow the occupied bandwidth (FIG. 7B), when the bandwidth is 1 and the roll-off rate is 1 ( Since it approaches ½ of the bandwidth of FIG. 7A), it is possible to provide a modulation scheme with a frequency utilization efficiency of 4 bits / sec / Hz.

(Embodiment 2)
The symbol signal extraction procedure in the frame configuration shown in FIG. 5 of the first embodiment is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, for example, on the I axis at time t = 0, the signal (H [u (t)]) extracted on the Q axis at time t = −T is used. For the Q axis at time t = 0, the signal (−H [v (t)]) extracted from the I axis at time t = −T is used. As described above, in the symbol signal extraction procedure shown in FIG. 8, in order to extract the symbol signal, the signal extracted in the past alternates between the I axis and the Q axis (dotted arrow shown in FIG. 8). Complicated processing will occur.

  Further, in the symbol signal extraction method according to Embodiment 1, u (t) and v (t) extracted in order from the head of the frame are sequentially used to extract subsequent symbols, so that u (t) and v ( There is a problem that the numerical error of t) is inherited genetically. For this reason, it is essential to use an error correction code such as a Reed-Solomon code. However, as shown in FIG. 8, it is applied in a state in which the signal alternates between the I axis and the Q axis. Increases complexity.

Hereinafter, this embodiment will be specifically described. FIG. 9 shows the symbol arrangement in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, in this embodiment, the symbol arrangement of u (t) and v (t) is alternately switched for each symbol on the I axis and the Q axis. That is, modulation apparatus 100 (FIG. 2) arranges u (t) and v (t) alternately on the I axis and the Q axis for each symbol. However, in FIG. 9, one frame is configured at time t = T _{−1 to} T ₁₀ . Further, symbols arranged at the beginning and the end of the frame are null symbols as in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, at time t = T ₀ , u ₁ is arranged on the I axis and v ₁ is arranged on the Q axis. At time t = _{T 1, v 2} are arranged in the I-axis, _{u 2} are arranged in the Q axis. Similarly, at time t = T ₂ , u ₃ is arranged on the I axis and v ₃ is arranged on the Q axis. The same applies to time t = time t = T _{3 to} T ₉ .

  FIG. 10 shows the effect obtained by performing the symbol arrangement shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, for example, on the I axis, the interference received by u (t) at time t = 0 is only −H [u (t−T)], and at time t = 2T, u (t) The only interference received by t-2T) is -H [u (t-T)] and -H [u (t-3T)]. That is, on the I axis, the interference received by u (t) is only the Hilbert transform component of u (t) having signal points at different times. In other words, v (t) is not included in the interference component for u (t). Similarly, as shown in FIG. 10, on the Q axis, the interference received by v (t) at time t = 0 is only from H [v (t−T)], and at time t = 2T, v The interference received by (t-2T) is only from H [v (t-T)] and H [v (t-3T)]. That is, on the Q axis, u (t) is not included in the interference component for v (t).

  As a result, the symbol arrangement shown in FIG. 9 handles only the inter-adjacent symbol interference due to the desired wave symbol (u (t) for the I axis and v (t) for the Q axis) on each of the I axis and Q axis. Compared with the first embodiment, the interference relationship can be further simplified. This makes it easy to apply an existing error correction code to the present invention.

Further, in the case of a sinc function, the amount of interference is processed using the value a shown in the following equation as the first step.

As a result, simultaneous equations for the entire frame can be described as:

  Naturally, in the disturbance state of the radio wave propagation environment, the amplitude fluctuates from moment to moment, so the value of a becomes effective after being stabilized by equalization processing or the like. Expression (23) is a matrix equation regarding the symbol u (t−kT) (k = 0, 1, 2,..., 9) on the I axis, and Expression (24) is the symbol v (t on the Q axis. −kT) (k = 0, 1, 2,..., 9). In addition, the value of k in Expression (23) and Expression (24) is a case where the symbol arrangement shown in FIG. 9 is given as an example, and the value of k can be arbitrarily determined.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, by alternately switching the symbols arranged on the I axis and the Q axis, the interference components on the I axis and the Q axis are further simplified as compared with the first embodiment. be able to.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention narrows a transmission signal by converting a digital signal into an SSB and improves the frequency utilization efficiency of wireless communication, can suppress mutual interference between signals and can be widely applied to various wireless devices. .

The figure which shows four types of SSB elements of Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a modulation device according to a first embodiment. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a demodulation / decoding apparatus according to a first embodiment. The figure which shows the symbol interference in the SSB signal of Embodiment 1 The figure which shows the frame structure of the SSB signal of Embodiment 1. The figure which shows the interference condition of the I-axis and Q-axis in each symbol of Embodiment 1 The figure which shows that frequency utilization efficiency improves when the roll-off rate of Embodiment 1 is made small. The figure which shows the procedure of the signal extraction of Embodiment 1. The figure which shows the symbol arrangement | positioning of Embodiment 2. The figure which shows the interference condition of the I-axis and the Q-axis in each symbol of Embodiment 2.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Modulator 101 S / P converter 102,103,104,105,202,203 Nyquist filter 106,107,109,110,111,113,118,206,207,208,209 Adder 108,112,204 , 205 Hilbert transformer 114, 115 multiplier 116 carrier frequency signal generator 117 phase shifter 200 demodulation decoding device 201 quadrature detection unit 210, 211 decoder 212 P / S conversion unit

Claims (6)

A modulation method for generating a modulation signal composed of four types of single sideband elements having a common carrier frequency, and of the four types of single sideband elements, the first single sideband element is in a positive frequency region. Having a positive upper single sideband and having a positive lower single sideband in the negative frequency region,
The second single sideband element has a positive upper single sideband in the positive frequency region and a negative lower single sideband in the negative frequency region;
The third single sideband element has a positive lower single sideband in the positive frequency region and a positive upper single sideband in the negative frequency region,
The fourth single sideband element has a positive lower single sideband in the positive frequency region and a negative upper singleband in the negative frequency region,
Modulation method. In the communication frame in which the symbol of the modulation signal is arranged, a null symbol is arranged at one or both of the head of the communication frame and the tail of the communication frame,
The modulation method according to claim 1. In the communication frame, the in-phase component of the modulation signal and the quadrature component of the modulation signal are alternately arranged on the I axis and the Q axis for each symbol,
The modulation method according to claim 1. Reducing the Nyquist roll-off rate of the modulated signal;
The modulation method according to claim 1. A first single sideband element having a positive upper single sideband in the positive frequency range and a positive lower single sideband in the negative frequency range;
A second single sideband element having a positive upper single sideband in the positive frequency region and a negative lower single sideband in the negative frequency region;
A third single sideband element having a positive lower single sideband in the positive frequency region and a positive upper single sideband in the negative frequency region;
And four types of fourth single-sideband elements having a common carrier frequency of a positive single-sideband in the positive frequency region and a negative single-sideband in the negative frequency region. Receives a modulated signal consisting of a single sideband element,
By adding and subtracting the received signal and the signal obtained by Hilbert transform of the received signal, the modulated signal is separated into two upper single sideband components and two lower single sideband components. To
Demodulation method. In the communication frame constituting the received signal, a null symbol is arranged, and a signal component subjected to Hilbert transform extracted at the head of the communication frame or the tail of the communication frame is used to start from the head or the tail. In sequence, the upper single sideband component of the two elements and the lower single sideband component of the two elements are separated into each element to obtain the four types of single sideband elements.
The demodulation method according to claim 5.

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