JP2004181533A - Welding method - Google Patents

Welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004181533A
JP2004181533A JP2003401742A JP2003401742A JP2004181533A JP 2004181533 A JP2004181533 A JP 2004181533A JP 2003401742 A JP2003401742 A JP 2003401742A JP 2003401742 A JP2003401742 A JP 2003401742A JP 2004181533 A JP2004181533 A JP 2004181533A
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Prior art keywords
component
components
welding method
stopper
welding
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JP4541689B2 (en
Inventor
Kurt Weiblen
クルト　ヴァイプレン
Christian Ohl
オール クリスティアン
Oliver Kohn
コーン オリヴァー
Frieder Haag
フリーダー　ハーク
Michael Honer
ホーナー ミヒャエル
Thomas Haalboom
ハールボーム トーマス
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
    • B23K33/008—Filling of continuous seams for automotive applications
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/782—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7823—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
    • B29C65/7829—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint said distance pieces being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/541—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles a substantially flat extra element being placed between and clamped by the joined hollow-preforms
    • B29C66/5414—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles a substantially flat extra element being placed between and clamped by the joined hollow-preforms said substantially flat extra element being rigid, e.g. a plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/14—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
    • H05K7/1417—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack having securing means for mounting boards, plates or wiring boards
    • H05K7/142—Spacers not being card guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1477—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3481—Housings or casings incorporating or embedding electric or electronic elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a welding method in which a third component, for example, a printed circuit board is reliably and positionally fixed to first and second components without any additional component simultaneously with the welding of the first and second components. <P>SOLUTION: In the welding method of a first component 10 and a second component 11, at least one stopper 17 limits the relative motion in the mutual direction of the first and second components when joining the first and second components 10 and 11 by laser beams 22, and a third component 12 is pressed against at least one of the first component 10 and the second component 11 by the stopper 17. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、請求項１に発明の上位概念として特定したように、第１構成部材と第２の構成部材との溶融域を溶融するためのエネルギーとしてレーザビームを使用し、しかもレーザビームのエネルギーを弱くしか吸収しない材料から成る第１構成部材を使用し、かつレーザビームのエネルギーを強く吸収する材料から成る前記第２構成部材を使用し、レーザビームが前記第１構成部材を貫通して前記第２構成部材に向かうようにし、かつ前記溶融域の外部には、前記の両構成部材の相互方向運動を制限する少なくとも１つのストッパを設けておく形式の、第１構成部材と第２構成部材との溶接法に関する。   According to the present invention, a laser beam is used as energy for melting a melting zone between a first component and a second component, and the energy of the laser beam is specified. Using a first component made of a material that absorbs only weakly, and using the second component made of a material that strongly absorbs the energy of the laser beam, wherein the laser beam passes through the first component and A first component and a second component which are directed towards the second component and which are provided outside the melting zone with at least one stopper which limits the mutual movement of the two components; And welding method.

前記形式の溶接法はすでに公知になっている（たとえば、特許文献１参照。）。当該公知の溶接法では、第１の蓋形構成部材をその円周に沿って圧縮して、ボトム部分を形成する第２構成部材の内壁と接触させることによって、２つの構成部材が相互に接合される。第２構成部材の内壁に沿って１つのストッパが設けられているので、第１構成部材は、ストッパまでしか第２構成部材の内部に挿入することができない。両構成部材間の移行域に、次いでレーザビーム溶接装置または電子ビーム溶接装置によってエネルギーが入射されるので、前記移行域において両構成部材の結合が生じる。その場合肝要なことは、第１構成部材を第２構成部材のストッパにまで押し付ける押し合わせによって両構成部材相互がもはや相対運動しないことである。   A welding method of the above type is already known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the known welding method, the first lid-shaped component is compressed along its circumference and brought into contact with the inner wall of the second component forming the bottom part, whereby the two components are joined to one another. Is done. Since one stopper is provided along the inner wall of the second component, the first component can be inserted into the second component only up to the stopper. The energy is then incident on the transition between the two components by means of a laser beam welding device or an electron beam welding device, so that a coupling of the two components takes place in the transition region. What is essential here is that the two components no longer move relative to each other due to the pressing of the first component against the stopper of the second component.

たとえばプリント配線基板上に配置された電子構成素子を収蔵するケーシングを製作する場合、概して単数または複数のプリント配線基板をケーシング内部に位置決めもしくは支承することが必要である。自動車の制御器用ケーシングを製作する場合に、一方のケーシング構成部材内に配置された圧入ピンと協働する開口をプリント配線基板内に設けることは公知である。この圧入ピンと開口との協働に基づいてプリント配線基板はケーシング構成部材に対して相対的に位置固定される。しかしながら実地において自動車運転中の極端な状況下で発生することのある特に高い振動負荷時には（結合が、比較的少数本の圧入ピンを介してしか行われていない場合には特に）圧入ピンによるプリント配線基板の従来の固定法では不充分であることが判明した。
ドイツ連邦共和国特許出願公開第１９６ ２５ ８７３号（Ａ１）明細書 For example, when manufacturing a casing for housing electronic components arranged on a printed circuit board, it is generally necessary to position or support one or more printed circuit boards inside the casing. It is known to provide a printed circuit board with an opening cooperating with a press-fit pin arranged in one casing component when manufacturing a casing for a controller of a motor vehicle. The printed wiring board is fixed in position relative to the casing member based on the cooperation between the press-fit pin and the opening. However, in the event of particularly high vibration loads, which can occur in extreme situations during driving a car in the field, printing with press-in pins (especially if the coupling is performed only via a relatively small number of press-in pins) It has been found that the conventional method of fixing a wiring board is insufficient.
German Patent Application Publication No. 196 25 873 (A1)

そこで本発明の課題は、請求項１の上位概念によって特定した溶接法を改良して、両構成部材の溶接と同時に、両構成部材に対して確実に第３構成部材、たとえばプリント配線基板を、付加的な構成部材を必要とすることなしに、位置固定することである。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the welding method specified by the generic concept of claim 1, and to simultaneously weld the two components and securely connect the third component, for example, a printed wiring board, to the two components. Position locking without the need for additional components.

前記溶接法における課題を解決する本発明の構成手段は、請求項１の特徴部に記載したように、第１および第２両構成部材を溶接操作以降は相互に圧着し、少なくとも１つのストッパ によって、溶接操作の間、両構成部材の相互方向運動を制限し、少なくとも１つのストッパを第３構成部材と協働するようにし、第３構成部材を、溶接操作後は少なくとも１つの前記ストッパによって、前記の第１および第２構成部材の少なくとも１つに圧着させる点にある。   Means for solving the problem in the welding method according to the present invention is that, as described in the characterizing part of claim 1, both the first and second components are crimped to each other after the welding operation, and at least one stopper is used. Restricting the mutual movement of the two components during the welding operation, so that at least one stop cooperates with the third component, and the third component is connected by the at least one said stop after the welding operation, The present invention is characterized in that it is pressed against at least one of the first and second components.

本発明による溶接法の有利な実施形態は、従属請求項に列挙した通りである。   Advantageous embodiments of the welding method according to the invention are as recited in the dependent claims.

次に図面に基づいて本発明の実施例を詳説する。   Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１には、レーザ溶接によって溶接しようとする第１構成部材１０と第２構成部材１１が図示されている。図１には更にまた、前記の両構成部材１０，１１を接合した後に両構成部材１０，１１間に位置固定しようとする第３構成部材１２も図示されている。図面で下位に位置する第１構成部材１０は接合域１３を有しており、該接合域において両構成部材１０，１１はレーザビームによって互いに接合される。接合域１３は、該接合域の配置されたウェブ状凸設部１４よりも幾分小さな幅を有している。接合域１３は有利には、両構成部材１０，１１間で、図平面に対して垂直に図示された、両構成部材１０，１１の全長にわたって延びているので、接合域１３において両構成部材１０，１１の線状接触が生じる。しかし、この実施形態とは択一的に、前記接合域１３を第１構成部材１０に点状に設けて、該接合域１３を、隆起部の形式でウェブ状凸設部１４から突出させることも可能である。   FIG. 1 shows a first component 10 and a second component 11 to be welded by laser welding. FIG. 1 further shows a third component 12 which is to be fixed in position between the two components 10, 11 after the two components 10, 11 have been joined. The first component 10, which is located lower in the drawing, has a joining area 13 in which the two components 10, 11 are joined together by a laser beam. The joining area 13 has a width that is somewhat smaller than the web-shaped projection 14 in which the joining area is arranged. The joining zone 13 advantageously extends between the two components 10, 11 over the entire length of the two components 10, 11, shown perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, so that the two components 10 , 11 occur. However, as an alternative to this embodiment, the joining area 13 is provided on the first component 10 in a point-like manner, and the joining area 13 is projected from the web-shaped projection 14 in the form of a raised portion. Is also possible.

更にまた第１構成部材１０は、第３構成部材１２を受容するためにステップ状の段部１６を有している。第２構成部材１１は実質的にＬ形横断面形に形成されており、かつ第３構成部材１２に面した方の側に、第２構成部材１１に一体成形された少なくとも１つのストッパ１７を有している。この少なくとも１つのストッパ１７は、Ｌ形断面形状の第２構成部材１１の鉛直脚片１８の延長線上に一体成形されているのに対して、第２構成部材１１の他方の水平脚片１９は接合域１３において、第１構成部材１０に面した方の側で、第１構成部材１０上に面整合して載っている。   Furthermore, the first component 10 has a stepped step 16 for receiving the third component 12. The second component 11 has a substantially L-shaped cross section and has at least one stopper 17 integrally formed on the second component 11 on the side facing the third component 12. Have. The at least one stopper 17 is integrally formed on the extension of the vertical leg piece 18 of the second component member 11 having the L-shaped cross section, while the other horizontal leg piece 19 of the second component member 11 is On the side facing the first component 10 in the joining area 13, it is placed on the first component 10 in plane alignment.

両構成部材１０，１１に対するレーザビームの未作用状態を示した図１に相応して、少なくとも１つのストッパ１７と第３構成部材１２の対面側との間にはギャップ２１が形成されている。   A gap 21 is formed between at least one stopper 17 and the opposite side of the third component 12 in accordance with FIG. 1 showing the state in which the laser beam has not acted on both components 10, 11.

第１構成部材１０も第２構成部材１１も共にプラスチックから成っているが、但し、第１構成部材１０はたとえば相応の添加剤によってレーザビーム吸収性であるのに対して、第２構成部材１１は、レーザビームに対して実質的に透過性である。   Both the first component 10 and the second component 11 are made of plastic, provided that the first component 10 is, for example, laser-absorptive with a suitable additive, whereas the second component 11 Is substantially transparent to the laser beam.

図２では、溶接時の状態が図示されている。その場合レーザビーム２２は、第１構成部材１０に対向した方の側から、第２構成部材１１の水平脚片１９に作用する。両構成部材１０，１１の吸収特性が異なることに基づいて、その場合、両構成部材１０，１１間の接合域１３は、プラスチック材料の融点を超えるまで加熱されるので、両構成部材１０，１１は互いに接合する。レーザビーム２２の作用中に両構成部材１０，１１は、負荷力を示す矢印Ｆによって判るように、相互に圧着される。レーザビーム２２が接合域１３のプラスチック材料を、該プラスチック材料が塑性変形する程度に加熱すると即座に、両構成部材１０，１１の押し合わせに伴って、第２構成部材１１は少なくとも１つのストッパ１７と共に、第１構成部材１０並びに第３構成部材１２の方向に動かされる。少なくとも１つのストッパ１７が第３構成部材１２に当接すると、両構成部材１０，１１相互の相対運動はもはや行われない。それというのは、レーザビーム２２によって捉えられない少なくとも１つのストッパ１７が、第３構成部材１２を、第１構成部材１０の段部１６に圧着するからである。従って少なくとも１つのストッパ１７は、レーザ溶接時における両構成部材１０，１１相互の相対運動を制限する行程制限手段もしくは行程ストッパとして働くと共に、付加的には第３構成部材１２を両構成部材１０，１１間に位置決めするためにも働く。レーザビーム２２による溶接プロセス時に接合域１３は塑性変形され、かつ溶融物２３が両構成部材１０，１１から側方に押出される。接合域１３がウェブ状凸設部１４よりも幾分小さな幅を有していることによって、前記溶融物２３が両構成部材１０，１１を超えて張出すことはない。   FIG. 2 shows a state at the time of welding. In that case, the laser beam 22 acts on the horizontal leg 19 of the second component 11 from the side facing the first component 10. Based on the fact that the absorption characteristics of the two components 10, 11 are different, in that case, the joining area 13 between the two components 10, 11 is heated until the melting point of the plastic material is exceeded, so that the two components 10, 11 are heated. Are joined together. During operation of the laser beam 22, the two components 10, 11 are crimped together, as can be seen by the arrow F indicating the loading force. As soon as the laser beam 22 heats the plastic material in the joint zone 13 to such an extent that the plastic material is plastically deformed, the second component 11 is brought into contact with the at least one stopper 17 by the pressing of the two components 10, 11. At the same time, it is moved in the direction of the first component 10 and the third component 12. When at least one stop 17 abuts on the third component 12, the relative movement between the two components 10, 11 no longer takes place. This is because at least one stopper 17 not captured by the laser beam 22 presses the third component 12 against the step 16 of the first component 10. The at least one stopper 17 therefore serves as a stroke limiting means or a stroke stopper for limiting the relative movement of the two components 10, 11 during laser welding, and additionally provides the third component 12 with the two components 10, 10. It also works for positioning between eleven. During the welding process by means of the laser beam 22, the joint area 13 is plastically deformed and the melt 23 is extruded laterally from both components 10,11. Since the joining area 13 has a somewhat smaller width than the web-shaped projection 14, the melt 23 does not protrude beyond the two components 10 and 11.

図３には、本発明の方法を適用した１実施例が示されており、本実施例では、自動車においてたとえば制御器として使用されるプラスチックから成るボックス形のケーシング２５が製作される。該ケーシング２５は、レーザビームにとって吸収性のボトム部分２７並びにレーザビームにとって透過性の蓋２８を有している。レーザビーム（矢印２９）はレーザ加工時に、円環状のフラットな接合域３０の領域において、ボトム部分２７に対向する方の蓋２８の側で接合域３０に作用する。該蓋２８は、下向きに引き下げられた縁部３１を有し、該縁部は、ボトム部分２７を蓋２８と接合した後には、ボトム部分２７の外面に沿った円環状隆起部３２と相俟って、同じく円環状の室３３を形成し、該円環状室は、接合域３０から場合によって流出する溶融物を受容する。   FIG. 3 shows an embodiment to which the method according to the invention is applied, in which a box-shaped casing 25 made of plastic, for example used as a controller in a motor vehicle, is manufactured. The casing 25 has a bottom part 27 that is absorbing for the laser beam and a lid 28 that is transparent for the laser beam. The laser beam (arrow 29) acts on the bonding area 30 on the side of the lid 28 facing the bottom portion 27 in the area of the annular flat bonding area 30 during laser processing. The lid 28 has a downwardly drawn edge 31 which, after joining the bottom portion 27 with the lid 28, is combined with an annular ridge 32 along the outer surface of the bottom portion 27. Thus, an annular chamber 33 is also formed, which receives the melt which may flow out of the joining area 30.

ケーシング２５の内部にはプリント配線基板３５が配置されており、該プリント配線基板はたとえばその上面に電子構成素子３６を支持している。プリント配線基板３５は、蓋２８を装着する以前に、ボトム部分２７の内部に位置決めされる。この位置決めのためにプリント配線基板３５は、いわゆる圧入ピン３８と協働する複数の穴３７を有している。圧入ピン３８は、たとえばボトム部分２７の底域に一体的に成形されており、かつ圧入ピンの円筒形区分３９が、プリント配線基板３５の穴３７を貫通して突出している。その場合、穴３７の直径および圧入ピン３８の円筒形区分３９の直径を適当な許容誤差範囲内に設定することによって、プリント配線基板３５を圧入ピン３８によって保持することが可能になる。更にまた、プリント配線基板３５を圧入ピン３８に組付ける際に該プリント配線基板３５の運動を制限するため、もしくは該プリント配線基板３５を所期の目標位置に位置決めするために、ボトム部分２７の内縁域にはスペーサブロック４１が配置されている。蓋２８をボトム部分２７と結合する以前に、前記スペーサブロック４１上にプリント配線基板３５が載置される。従ってスペーサブロック４１はボトム部分２７と相俟って、図１および図２における段部１６に相当するそれぞれ１つの段部４２を形成している。   A printed wiring board 35 is arranged inside the casing 25, and the printed wiring board supports, for example, an electronic component 36 on its upper surface. The printed wiring board 35 is positioned inside the bottom portion 27 before the cover 28 is attached. For this positioning, the printed wiring board 35 has a plurality of holes 37 that cooperate with so-called press-fit pins 38. The press-fit pin 38 is integrally formed, for example, in the bottom region of the bottom part 27, and a cylindrical section 39 of the press-fit pin projects through a hole 37 in the printed circuit board 35. In this case, by setting the diameter of the hole 37 and the diameter of the cylindrical section 39 of the press-fit pin 38 within an appropriate tolerance range, the printed wiring board 35 can be held by the press-fit pin 38. Furthermore, in order to limit the movement of the printed wiring board 35 when assembling the printed wiring board 35 to the press-fit pins 38, or to position the printed wiring board 35 at an intended target position, A spacer block 41 is arranged in the inner edge area. Before connecting the lid 28 to the bottom portion 27, a printed wiring board 35 is placed on the spacer block 41. Therefore, the spacer block 41, together with the bottom portion 27, forms one step 42 corresponding to the step 16 in FIGS.

ボトム部分２７に面した方の蓋２８の内面側には、スペーサブロック４１に覆合して複数のストッパエレメント４３が配置されている。該ストッパエレメント４３は蓋２８に一体的に成形されているのが有利である。ストッパエレメント４３が一体成形された領域では、プリント配線基板３５上に電子構成素子３６が位置していないのは勿論のことである。ボトム部分２７上に蓋２８を（矢印２９の方向に）溶接する溶接プロセス時に、スペーサブロック４１とは反対のプリント配線基板３５の側にストッパエレメント４３が載ると即座に、ストッパエレメント４３は、ボトム部分２７に対する蓋２８の相対運動を制限する。更にまた、蓋２８とボトム部分２７との接合が終了すると、それに伴ってケーシング２５内におけるプリント配線基板３５の正確な位置決めが得られる。それというのは今やプリント配線基板３５は、高い揺振負荷を受けた場合でさえも、圧入ピン３８に対してもはや相対運動できないからである。   A plurality of stopper elements 43 are arranged on the inner surface side of the lid 28 facing the bottom portion 27 so as to cover the spacer block 41. Advantageously, the stopper element 43 is formed integrally with the lid 28. In the region where the stopper element 43 is integrally formed, the electronic component 36 is of course not located on the printed wiring board 35. During the welding process of welding the lid 28 on the bottom part 27 (in the direction of the arrow 29), as soon as the stopper element 43 rests on the side of the printed circuit board 35 opposite to the spacer block 41, the stopper element 43 Limit the relative movement of lid 28 with respect to portion 27. Furthermore, when the joining of the lid 28 and the bottom portion 27 is completed, the accurate positioning of the printed wiring board 35 in the casing 25 is obtained. This is because the printed wiring board 35 can no longer move relative to the press-fit pin 38 even under high shaking loads.

図４に示した実施例が、図３の実施例と相違している点は、プリント配線基板３５ａの上面縁部域４５にも同じく電子構成素子３６ａが配置されていることである。ボトム部分２７ａを蓋２８ａと溶接する際にストッパエレメント４３ａを上面縁部域４５の電子構成素子３６ａと接触させないために、電子構成素子の設けられていないプリント配線基板３５ａの中央域にストッパエレメント４３ａが配置されている。   The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 in that an electronic component 36a is also arranged in the upper edge region 45 of the printed wiring board 35a. In order to prevent the stopper element 43a from coming into contact with the electronic component 36a in the upper edge region 45 when the bottom portion 27a is welded to the lid 28a, the stopper element 43a is provided in the central area of the printed wiring board 35a where no electronic component is provided. Is arranged.

ここで説明を補足しておくが、縁部域に電子構成素子を支持しないプリント配線基板の場合にもストッパエレメント４３ａの配置構成を使用できるのは自明の通りである。ストッパエレメント４３ａとは反対のプリント配線基板側に別のストッパエレメントもしくは別のスペーサブロックが配置されていない、図４に相当するストッパエレメント４３ａの配置形式は、レイアウトの理由から、或いはプリント配線基板に或る程度の曲げ応力を及ぼすことが所望されているという理由から、選択することもできる。   As a supplementary explanation here, it is obvious that the arrangement of the stopper elements 43a can be used also in the case of a printed wiring board which does not support the electronic components in the edge area. No other stopper element or another spacer block is arranged on the side of the printed wiring board opposite to the stopper element 43a. The arrangement form of the stopper element 43a corresponding to FIG. It can also be chosen because it is desired to exert a certain bending stress.

なお念のために付記しておくが、以上述べた本発明の溶接法は、自動車の制御器における使用のみに限定されるものではない。むしろ本発明の方法によって、複数の構成部材を互いに接合することも可能であり、その場合、第３構成部材（図示の実施例ではたとえばプリント配線基板）は他の２つの構成部材間に位置決めされている。更に図３および図４において、プリント配線基板３５，３５ａを、適当な圧入ピン３８無しに使用することももちろん可能である。図３および図４に相当する制御器の場合、該制御器を蓋２８，２８ａで閉鎖する前に、圧入ピン３８は、制御器の事前組立もしくは操作および検査のために使用される。   It should be noted that the welding method of the present invention described above is not limited to use in a controller of an automobile. Rather, it is also possible by means of the method according to the invention to join a plurality of components together, in which case a third component (for example, a printed circuit board in the embodiment shown) is positioned between the other two components. ing. 3 and 4, it is of course possible to use the printed wiring boards 35 and 35a without the appropriate press-fit pins 38. In the case of the control according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the press-fit pin 38 is used for pre-assembly or operation and inspection of the control before closing the control with the lids 28, 28a.

本発明の溶接法を溶接操作前の状態で示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the welding method of this invention in the state before the welding operation.

本発明の溶接法を溶接操作後の状態で示した断面図である。It is sectional drawing which showed the welding method of this invention in the state after the welding operation.

本発明の溶接法によって溶接された構成部材から成る制御器の横断面図である。1 is a cross-sectional view of a controller made of components welded by the welding method of the present invention.

図３とは異なった態様の構成部材から成る制御器の横断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a controller having components different from those of FIG. 3.

符号の説明Explanation of reference numerals

１０ 第１構成部材、 １１ 第２構成部材、 １２ 第３構成部材、 １３ 接合域、 １４ 凸設部、 １６ 段部、 １７ ストッパ、 １８ 鉛直脚片、 １９ 水平脚片、 ２１ ギャップ、 ２２ レーザビーム、 ２３ 溶融物、 ２５，２５ａ ケーシング、 ２７，２７ａ ボトム部分、 ２８，２８ａ 蓋、 ２９ レーザビーム、 ３０ 接合域、 ３１ 縁部、 ３２ 隆起部、 ３３ 室、 ３５，３５ａ プリント配線基板、 ３６，３６ａ 電子構成素子、 ３７ 穴、 ３８ 圧入ピン、 ３９ 円筒形区分、 ４１，４１ａ スペーサブロック、 ４２ 段部、 ４３，４３ａ ストッパエレメント、 ４５ 縁部域、 Ｆ 負荷力を示す矢印   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 1st structural member, 11 2nd structural member, 12 3rd structural member, 13 joining area, 14 convex part, 16 steps, 17 stopper, 18 vertical leg piece, 19 horizontal leg piece, 21 gap, 22 laser beam , 23 melt, 25, 25a casing, 27, 27a bottom part, 28, 28a lid, 29 laser beam, 30 bonding area, 31 edge, 32 ridge, 33 chamber, 35, 35a printed wiring board, 36, 36a Electronic component elements, 37 holes, 38 press-fit pins, 39 cylindrical sections, 41, 41a spacer blocks, 42 steps, 43, 43a stopper elements, 45 edge area, F arrow indicating load force

Claims (7)

第１構成部材（１０；２７；２７ａ）と第２構成部材（１１；２８；２８ａ）との溶接法であって、第１構成部材と第２構成部材（１０，１１；２７，２８；２７ａ，２８ａ）との溶融域（１３；３０）を溶融するためのエネルギーとしてレーザビーム（２２；２９）を使用し、レーザビーム（２２；２９）のエネルギーを弱くしか吸収しない材料から成る第１構成部材（１０；２７；２７ａ）を使用し、かつレーザビーム（２２；２９）のエネルギーを強く吸収する材料から成る第２構成部材（１１；２８；２８ａ）を使用し、前記レーザビーム（２２；２９）を、前記第２構成部材（１１；２８；２８ａ）を貫通して前記第１構成部材（１０；２７；２７ａ）に向かうようにし、前記溶融域（１３；３０）の外部に、前記の両構成部材（１０，１１；２７，２８；２７ａ，２８ａ）の相互方向運動を制限する少なくとも１つのストッパ（１７；４３；４３ａ）を設けておく方法において、
溶接時点以降に、前記第１および第２の両構成部材（１０，１１；２７，２８；２７ａ，２８ａ）を相互に圧着し、少なくとも１つのストッパ（１７；４３；４３ａ）によって、溶接操作の間、両構成部材（１０，１１；２７，２８；２７ａ，２８ａ）の相互方向運動を制限し、少なくとも１つのストッパ（１７；４３；４３ａ）が第３構成部材（１２；３５；３５ａ）と協働するようにし、該第３構成部材を、溶接操作後は少なくとも１つの前記ストッパ（１７；４３；４３ａ）によって、前記第１および第２構成部材（１０，１１；２７，２８；２７ａ，２８ａ）の少なくとも１つに圧着させることを特徴とする、溶接法。 A welding method of a first component (10; 27; 27a) and a second component (11; 28; 28a), wherein the first component and a second component (10, 11; 27, 28; 27a) are welded. , 28a) using a laser beam (22; 29) as energy to melt the melting zone (13; 30), and a first configuration made of a material that only weakly absorbs the energy of the laser beam (22; 29). Using a member (10; 27; 27a) and a second component (11; 28; 28a) made of a material that strongly absorbs the energy of the laser beam (22; 29); 29) penetrates through the second component (11; 28; 28a) toward the first component (10; 27; 27a), and extends outside the melting zone (13; 30). Both components ( 0,11; 27,28; in 43a) method a preferably provided,; 27a, at least one stop (17 limiting the mutual movement of 28a); 43
After the welding time, the first and second components (10, 11; 27, 28; 27a, 28a) are crimped together and at least one stopper (17; 43; 43a) is used for the welding operation. During this time, the mutual movement of both components (10, 11; 27, 28; 27a, 28a) is limited, and at least one stopper (17; 43; 43a) is connected to the third component (12; 35; 35a). And cooperate with each other, after the welding operation, by means of at least one of said stops (17; 43; 43a) by means of said first and second components (10, 11; 27, 28; 27a, 28a). 溶融域（１３；３０）が１つの細長い溶接継手を形成するようにする、請求項１記載の溶接法。   The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the fusion zone (13; 30) forms one elongated weld joint. 溶接継手が、それ自体閉じられた輪郭を形成するようにする、請求項２記載の溶接法。   3. The welding method according to claim 2, wherein the weld joint forms a closed profile itself. 第１および第２構成部材（２７；２７ａ；２８；２８ａ）によって、閉鎖状態で１つのケーシング（２５；２５ａ）、特に少なくとも１つの電子構成素子（３６；３６ａ）用のケーシング（２５；２５ａ）を形成する、請求項１から３までのいずれか１項記載の溶接法。   By means of the first and second components (27; 27a; 28; 28a), in a closed state one casing (25; 25a), in particular a casing (25; 25a) for at least one electronic component (36; 36a). The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein 第３構成部材を、少なくとも１つの電子構成素子（３６；３６ａ）を支持するプリント配線基板（３５；３５ａ）として構成し、該プリント配線基板（３５；３５ａ）を縁部域（４５）で、第１構成部材（２７；２７ａ）の少なくとも１つの支承面上に少なくとも部分的に載設する、請求項４記載の溶接法。   The third component is configured as a printed circuit board (35; 35a) supporting at least one electronic component (36; 36a), the printed circuit board (35; 35a) being located in an edge area (45); 5. The welding method according to claim 4, wherein the at least partly rests on at least one bearing surface of the first component. 第２構成部材（２８）の少なくとも１つのストッパ（４３）を、第１構成部材（２７）における、プリント配線基板（３５）の少なくとも１つの支承面と少なくとも部分的に覆合して配置する、請求項５記載の溶接法。   At least one stopper (43) of the second component (28) is arranged at least partially overlying at least one bearing surface of the printed circuit board (35) on the first component (27); The welding method according to claim 5. 少なくとも１つのストッパ（４３ａ）を、第１構成部材（２７ａ）における、プリント配線基板（３５ａ）の支承面の内側に配置する、請求項５記載の溶接法。   The welding method according to claim 5, wherein the at least one stopper (43a) is arranged on the first component (27a) inside the bearing surface of the printed wiring board (35a).
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