JP2002134154A - Device driven by electricity equipped with fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device drive by electricity equipped with a fuel cell, capable of being installed on a portable device in a compacting way and achieving miniaturization and lightening, while using the fuel cell. SOLUTION: This device driven by electricity provided with the fuel cell 10, is driven by electricity provided with a casing 2. At least a pair of wall parts 2d facing each other is formed in the casing 2. A cell stack constituting the fuel cell 10 is provided between the wall parts 2d. The cell stack receives pressure from a pair of the wall parts 2d, so that the cell stack is pinched between the wall parts 2d and installed in the casing 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrically driven apparatus provided with a fuel cell, and more particularly to an electrically driven apparatus provided with a fuel cell which has improved space efficiency and simplified structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A fuel cell is a device that oxidizes chemical energy of a fuel by an electrochemical process to directly convert energy released by an oxidation reaction into electric energy. Fuel cells are energy efficient,
Practical application to various devices is desired because it is clean, has low noise, has few environmental problems, and has good responsiveness to load changes.

[0003] However, in order to generate power by the fuel cell, various devices such as a unit for humidifying the hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell body and a unit for collecting water generated by the power generation are required. Therefore, in order to mount the fuel cell on a small device such as a portable device, it is necessary to greatly reduce the size of the entire fuel cell system.

[0004]

As an example in which a fuel cell is made compact and mounted on a portable device, there is known an example described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-213359. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, there is disclosed a configuration in which a detachably formed fuel cell can be stored in a device 100 such as a personal computer that requires a battery power supply.

In the above-mentioned conventional example, the hydrogen humidifying means is formed in a sheet shape, these are packaged together, and incorporated into a notebook personal computer. That is, the fuel cell 102 is connected to the personal computer 10.
0 and a personal computer 10
The housing 101 is configured to be incorporated in a space 101a formed in the housing 101.

However, in the above configuration, a fuel cell, a cylinder for supplying hydrogen gas, a unit for humidifying hydrogen, an absorber for absorbing generated water, and the like are housed in the case 102, and the case 102 is mounted on the personal computer 100.
Since the components are arranged and housed in the case 102, the components are arranged side by side in the case 102, so that the size of the case 102 is increased. As a result, the personal computer 100 is also increased in size, making it inconvenient to carry. In addition to the above, sufficient consideration must be given to the absorber for treating the water used for humidification and the generated water.

Further, in the conventional fuel cell, when supplying hydrogen as fuel, humidification is required, and therefore, humidification treatment before supplying fuel is required.

Further, the fuel cell requires a cell stack in which cells are bundled, and the cell stack uses a cell stack which is pressed and held by a plate after the cells are bundled. For this reason,
There is a disadvantage that a plate body to be pressed and held is required, and the cost is increased.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electrically driven device equipped with a fuel cell which can be compactly mounted on a portable device and which can be reduced in size and weight while using the fuel cell. It is in.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell having a fuel cell that can utilize the housing of an electrically driven device without using a separate plate when clamping the cell stack. To provide an apparatus that can be used.

[0011]

According to the present invention, there is provided an electrically driven apparatus having a fuel cell according to the present invention. At least a pair of opposed wall portions are formed, and a cell stack constituting a fuel cell is disposed between the wall portions,
This problem is solved by that the cell stack is sandwiched by receiving pressure from the pair of walls and attached to the housing.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrically driven apparatus including a fuel cell, the apparatus including an enclosure, wherein the apparatus is at least opposed to the interior of the enclosure. This problem is solved by forming a pair of wall portions, disposing a fuel cell between the wall portions, and attaching the fuel cell to the housing while being sandwiched by receiving pressure from the pair of wall portions. You.

As described above, according to the present invention, a part of the housing is utilized and the cell stack and the fuel cell constituting the fuel cell are disposed while being pressed against each other. There is no need to provide a special space, and the fuel cell can be provided without increasing the size of the device. Further, since the cell stack and the fuel cell constituting the fuel cell are held by the housing, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of contact resistance between the cells of the fuel cell.

At this time, the cells constituting the fuel cell are provided with an air-suppliable wall formed in the housing, and are attached to the air-suppliable wall in an airtight manner and come into contact with oxygen. At least one electrode module having a surface, a sealing wall provided on a surface of the electrode module opposite to the surface contacting the oxygen, the surface being in contact with the fuel side; It is preferable that an injection port for injecting fuel gas is provided between the electrode module and a surface in contact with the fuel side.

The cells constituting the fuel cell include:
It is preferable that the electrolyte membrane be made of an electrolyte membrane made of a proton conductor, and that the electrolyte membrane made of the proton conductor be provided with a proton dissociating group with fullerene molecules as main constituent elements.

As described above, according to the fuel cell of the present invention,
Since a fuel cell using an electrolyte membrane made of a proton conductor is used for the electrolytic module, a humidifier for humidifying hydrogen gas is not required, and a compact configuration can be achieved. Further, since the configuration is such that hydrogen is not humidified, a large amount of water is not generated unlike a conventional fuel cell, so that a large-capacity water retaining means is not required.

Furthermore, since the air is supplied from the air-suppliable wall, there is no need to provide a fan, the number of components can be reduced, and the housing of the electrically driven device is used. Therefore, an inexpensive device can be provided. In addition, as a device driven by electricity provided with a fuel cell, a portable device is preferable, but not limited thereto, a mobile body including an automobile,
It can be used for stationary power generation systems.

[0018]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The members, arrangements, and the like described below do not limit the present invention, and can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show a fuel cell mounting structure according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a personal computer as a device to which the fuel cell is mounted, and FIG. FIG. 3 is an A view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a specific configuration of the fuel cell.
FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a polyhedral fullerene hydroxide as an example having a fullerene molecule as a main component and having a proton dissociating group, and FIG. 8 is an example having a proton dissociating group as a fullerene molecule as a main component. FIG. In this specification, the term “proton (H ⁺ ) dissociation” means “proton is separated (from a functional group) by ionization”, and the term “proton dissociation group” means “proton dissociation”. A functional group which can be removed by

In this embodiment, a personal computer will be described as an example of a device driven by electricity. However, various electric devices, such as a television, a video, a portable camera, a digital video camera, a digital camera, a portable type and a stationary type, are included. It can be applied to personal computers, facsimile machines, information terminals including mobile phones, printers, navigation systems, other OA equipment, lighting devices, household electric appliances, vehicles as mobiles, and power generation systems including home and business use. Of course, it is possible.

In this example, as the equipment requiring a power supply,
A notebook personal computer will be described as an example. The personal computer 1, as shown in FIG.
A housing 2 containing an electronic device and a screen 3 engaging with the housing 2
And

The housing 2 of this embodiment is formed by pressing a metal plate such as an aluminum alloy. The housing 2 includes a basic control unit including a CPU and a hard disk,
A drive source, which will be described later, includes a fuel cell 10, a CD-ROM, and a floppy (registered trademark) disk. For this reason, the fuel cell 10 is formed in a predetermined shape in accordance with the shape and size of the fuel cell 10, and a basic control unit and an arrangement portion of the fuel cell 10 and a hydrogen cylinder B storing hydrogen gas as fuel are formed.

In this example, as shown in FIG.
A fuel cell disposition portion 2a having an opposing wall portion 2d and a hydrogen cylinder disposition portion 2b are formed. Other devices such as a basic control unit (not shown) are arranged in the arrangement unit 2c.
The fuel cell 10 is disposed in the fuel cell disposition portion 2a without any gap, and is held such that an appropriate surface pressure is applied to the fuel cell 10.

As described above, in this example, the fuel cell 10 is held by the wall portion 2d of the housing 2 while being applied with a surface pressure. Therefore, the fuel cell 10 does not rattle and the flow of electricity is defective. Inconvenience such as occurrence can be prevented.

When the basic control unit, the fuel cell 10 and the like are arranged at predetermined positions of the housing 2, the lid 4 is attached as shown in FIG. The cover 4 is provided with a keyboard 5 and a touch panel 6.

In the above example, the case 2 is formed by pressing a metal plate made of an aluminum alloy or the like. However, the case 2 may be formed of a synthetic resin. As the molding, injection molding, blow molding or the like can be used.

The fuel cell 10 is formed as a stack S in which cells C are connected in order to obtain a predetermined output.
Hydrogen gas as fuel is supplied from a hydrogen gas cylinder B to each cell C constituting the stack S. In this example, an example is shown in which the hydrogen gas cylinder B is removably arranged in the housing 2. However, a sealed space is formed in the housing, and a nozzle for injecting a fuel such as hydrogen from the outside into this space is formed. On the other hand, when a fuel passage connected to the fuel cell 10 is formed, liquid hydrogen gas can be supplied to the closed space in the housing 2 and the hydrogen gas cylinder B can be omitted.

In this case, the nozzle is configured such that when the liquid hydrogen gas injection port is pressed, the nozzle is opened to inject the liquid hydrogen gas into the closed space.
The fuel passage connected to is formed so that a constant amount is supplied to the stack side. As a result, a fixed amount of hydrogen is supplied to the fuel side at a predetermined pressure.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the cell C of this embodiment is constituted by two plates 40 to which the electrode modules EM are attached and the fuel side of the electrode modules EM facing each other (back to back). Each end is sealed with a seal member 30 to form a sealed structure. A hole 41 is provided in the plate 40, and air is supplied to each of the electrode modules EM from the hole 41.

Therefore, there is no need to provide a separate blower such as a fan in the housing 2, and no noise is generated by a motor or the like for driving the fan. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the user-friendly personal computer 1 with less noise.

The electrode module EM includes an electrolyte membrane 11 made of a proton conductor, a frame 20 (conductive) having a predetermined shape for supporting the electrolyte membrane 11, and an insulating film located between the electrolyte membrane 11 and the frame 20. A body 12, an electrode film 13 on the fuel side,
It is composed of an air-side electrode film 14, a catalyst film (not shown) provided on the electrode films 13 and 14, and sheet films 17 and 18. The sheet films 17 and 18 have a function for holding and strength of the electrode films 13 and 14, and a hydrogen gas and oxygen are dispersed and better sent to the catalyst to easily cause an electrochemical reaction, and a product (water) is removed. It has a function.

In the cell C of this embodiment, hydrogen gas as fuel is supplied from a fuel gas nozzle communication pipe 32 also serving as a spacer via a gas supply pipe 31. The hydrogen gas is stored in the hydrogen gas cylinder B, is injected from the center of the cell C through the nozzle communication pipe 32, and is supplied to the electrode modules E on both sides.
M is configured to be supplied with fuel.

By stacking a plurality of cells C having the above configuration, a stack S capable of supplying electric power necessary for driving the personal computer 1 is formed. As described above, when a plurality of cells C are stacked, each cell C
In order to supply hydrogen to the cells, each cell C and the hydrogen cylinder are connected by a plurality of nozzle communication pipes 32.

Next, the electrolyte membrane 11 composed of a proton conductor used in the fuel cell according to the present invention will be described.
As the electrolyte membrane 11 composed of a proton conductor, polyfullerene hydroxide is a general term for a substance having a structure in which a plurality of hydroxyl groups are added to fullerene, as shown in FIG. 7, and is generally called “fullerenol”. ing. Not surprisingly, fullerenol was first synthesized by Chiang et al. In 1992 (Chiang, LY; S
wirczewski, JW; Hsu, CS; Chowdhury, SK
; Cameron, S.; Creegan, KJ Chem. Soc, Chem. C
ommun. 1992, 1791). Since then, fullerenol, in which a certain amount or more of hydroxyl groups have been introduced, has been particularly noted for its water-soluble properties, and has been studied mainly in the field of biotechnology.

The fullerenol is formed into an aggregate as schematically shown in FIG. 8 (A) so that an interaction occurs between hydroxyl groups of adjacent fullerenol molecules (in the figure, ○ indicates a fullerene molecule). . This aggregate has high proton conductivity as a macro-aggregate (in other words, dissociation of H ⁺ from phenolic hydroxyl group of fullerenol molecule)
Demonstrate.

In addition to the above fullerenol, the electrolyte membrane made of a proton conductor may be, for example, a fullerene aggregate having a plurality of —OSO ₃ H groups used as the proton conductor. Polyhydroxy fullerenes as shown in FIG. 8 (B), in which the OH groups have been replaced with OSO ₃ H groups, ie, hydrogen sulfated esterified fullerenol, were also reported by Chiang et al. In 1994 (Chiang, LY; W
ang, LY; Swirczewski, JW; Soled, S.; Came
ron, SJ Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 3960). The hydrogen sulfate esterified fullerene has an OSO in one molecule.
Some may include only ₃ H groups, or may include a plurality of such groups and a plurality of hydroxyl groups.

When a large number of the above-described fullerene derivatives are aggregated, the proton conductivity of the fullerene derivative as a bulk is determined by the fact that a large amount of protons originally contained in the molecule and originating from the OSO ₃ H group are directly involved in the transfer. There is no need to take in hydrogen and protons originating from water vapor molecules and the like, and there is no need to replenish moisture from the outside, in particular, to absorb moisture from outside air, and there is no restriction on the atmosphere. In addition, fullerene, which is the base of these derivative molecules, has an electrophilic property, which promotes ionization of hydrogen ions not only in highly acidic OSO ₃ H groups but also in hydroxyl groups and the like. It is considered to have contributed greatly.

Also, since a large number of hydroxyl groups and OSO ₃ H groups can be introduced into one fullerene molecule, the number density of protons involved in conduction per conductor volume becomes very large.

Since most of the proton conductor of this example is composed of carbon atoms of fullerene, it is light in weight, hardly deteriorates, and contains no contaminants. The production cost of fullerenes is also rapidly decreasing. In terms of resources, environment and economy, fullerene is considered to be a near ideal carbon-based material above all other materials.

Further, the proton dissociating group does not need to be limited to the above-mentioned hydroxyl group or OSO ₃ H group. That is, this dissociable group is represented by the formula -XH, and X may be any atom or atomic group having a divalent bonding means. Further, this group is represented by the formula -OH or -YOH, and Y may be any atom or atomic group having a divalent bond.

[0041] Specifically, the proton dissociating groups, the -OH, -COOH besides -OSO ₃ H, -S
Either O ₃ H or —OPO (OH) ₂ is preferable.

Further, in the present example, the carbon atom constituting the fullerene molecule is combined with a proton dissociating group and an electron-withdrawing group such as a nitro group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitrile group, a halogenated alkyl group and a halogen atom. (Fluorine, chlorine, etc.) is preferably introduced. FIG. 8C shows a fullerene molecule in which Z is introduced in addition to -OH. This Z is, specifically, -NO ₂ ,-
_{CN, -F, -C 1, -COOR} , -CHO, -CO
R, —CF ₃ , —SO ₃ CF ₃ and the like (where R represents an alkyl group). When the electron-withdrawing group is present, protons are easily dissociated from the proton-dissociating group due to the electron-withdrawing effect.

The number of proton-dissociable groups to be introduced into the fullerene molecule may be any number within the range of the number of carbon atoms constituting the fullerene molecule, but is preferably 5 or more. The number of the above groups is preferably not more than half the number of carbon atoms constituting fullerene in order to maintain the π-electron property of fullerene and to exhibit an effective electron-withdrawing property.

For synthesizing the fullerene derivative used for the proton conductor, the powder of the fullerene molecule is appropriately combined with a known treatment such as an acid treatment or a hydrolysis to obtain a desired carbon atom of the fullerene molecule. May be introduced.

More specifically, the synthesis of polyhydroxylated fullerene is described in the literature (Chiang, LY; Wang, LY).
; Swirczewski, JW; Soled, S.; Cameron, SJ
Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 3960). The powder 2g charged into oleum 30ml of a _{C 70} C ₆ 0 _/ C ₇₀ fullerene mixture containing about 15%, and stirred for 3 days while maintaining the 60 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere. The obtained reaction product is dropped little by little into anhydrous diethyl ether cooled in an ice bath, the precipitate is separated by centrifugation, further three times with diethyl ether, and a 2: 1 mixture of diethyl ether and acetonitrile. After washing twice with liquid, 40
Dry at reduced pressure in ° C. Furthermore, this dried product is
The mixture was placed in ml of deionized water and stirred at 85 ° C. for 10 hours while bubbling with nitrogen. The reaction product was separated into precipitates by centrifugation, and the precipitates were further washed with pure water several times, centrifuged repeatedly, and then dried at 40 ° C. under reduced pressure. The thus obtained brown powder F
When T-IR measurement was performed, it almost coincided with the IR spectrum of C ₆₀ (OH) ₁₂ shown in the above literature, and this powder was confirmed to be poly (fullerene hydroxide) as a target substance.

The production of the polyhydroxylated fullerene aggregated pellets was carried out in the following manner.
g was pressed in one direction to form a circular pellet having a diameter of 15 mm. The press pressure at this time is about 7
Ton / cm ² . As a result, the polyhydroxylated fullerene powder was excellent in moldability despite not containing any binder resin and the like, and could be easily pelletized. The pellet is about 300 microns thick.

The synthesis of poly (hydroxylated fullerene hydrogen sulfate) (total esterification) was similarly performed with reference to the above literature. 1 mg of powder of polyhydroxy fullerene was dropped into 60 ml of fuming sulfuric acid, and stirred at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 days. The resulting reaction product is dropped little by little into anhydrous diethyl ether cooled in an ice bath, and the precipitate is separated by centrifugation, and further diluted with diethyl ether.
Times, and 2: 1 of diethyl ether and acetonitrile
After washing twice with the mixed solution, it was dried at 40 ° C. under reduced pressure. The powder thus obtained was subjected to TF-IR measurement. The IR spectrum of the powder, in which all hydroxyl groups were converted to hydrogen sulfate, almost coincided with that shown in the above-mentioned literature. Was confirmed.

For the production of aggregated pellets of poly (hydroxy fullerene hydrogen sulfate), 70 mg of powder of poly (hydroxy fullerene hydrogen sulfate) was pressed in one direction so as to form a circular pellet having a diameter of 15 mm. The pressing pressure at this time was about 7 tons / cm ² . As a result, although this powder did not contain any binder resin or the like, it was excellent in moldability and could be easily pelletized. The pellet is about 300 microns thick.

Further, in the synthesis of polyhydroxy fullerene hydrogen sulfate (partial esterification), C ₇₀ was reduced to about 15%.
2 g of the powder of the C ₆₀ / C ₇₀ fullerene mixture was poured into 30 ml of fuming sulfuric acid, and the mixture was stirred in a nitrogen atmosphere at 60 ° C. for 3 days. The resulting reaction was dropped little by little into diethyl ether cooled in an ice bath. However, in this case, diethyl ether which had not been subjected to dehydration treatment was used. The resulting precipitate was separated by centrifugation, washed three times with diethyl ether and twice with a 2: 1 mixture of diethyl ether and acetonitrile, and dried at 40 ° C. under reduced pressure. FT-IR measurement of the thus obtained powder showed that the IR spectrum of the fullerene derivative partially containing a hydroxyl group and an OSO ₃ H group, which was shown in the above literature, almost coincided with the powder. It was confirmed that it was the target substance.

Further, the production of poly (fullerene hydrogen sulfate hydrogen sulfate aggregated pellets) is carried out by taking 80 mg of poly (hydroxy fullerene hydroxide) powder partially hydrogenated and hydrogenated in one direction so as to form a circular pellet having a diameter of 15 mm. Pressed to. The press pressure at this time is about 7 tons /
cm ² . As a result, although this powder did not contain any binder resin or the like, it was excellent in moldability and could be easily pelletized. The pellet was about 300 microns thick.

As described above, since the fuel cell 10 of this embodiment uses the electrolyte membrane 11 made of a proton conductor as the electrolyte membrane, it is not necessary to humidify hydrogen gas, and it is necessary to provide a humidifier. In addition, since there is no need to provide an installation space for the humidifier in the housing of the personal computer 1, the personal computer 1 itself can have a compact configuration.

Further, since humidification of hydrogen gas is not required,
The water generated by the fuel cell 10 is only water generated by a chemical reaction in the fuel cell 10. For this reason, since a large amount of water is not generated unlike the case where the conventional fuel cell 10 is used, a tank or the like for storing water is not required. Therefore, it is not necessary to secure an installation space for the storage tank, and it is possible to prevent the weight of the personal computer 1 itself from increasing due to the stored water.

The water produced by the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell 10 is preferably used for cooling the fuel cell 10 and the CPU, which is a component of the basic control unit of the personal computer 1, and the like. According to the fuel cell 10 of the present embodiment, since a large amount of water is not generated unlike the related art, a sheet (not shown) having a water absorbing property is arranged adjacent to the fuel cell 10 and water is retained in the sheet. The fuel cell 10 may be cooled by utilizing the heat of vaporization of the generated water.

According to this embodiment, the fuel cell 10 is provided by providing the housing with the fuel cell placement portion.
By changing the size of the fuel cell 10 stack,
The fuel cell 10 can be mounted on equipment of any size as long as the equipment has a housing whose shape can be changed by pressing.

For example, in addition to the personal computer shown in this embodiment, the present invention can be applied to a portable music playback player which is a smaller device. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the housing 50 of the portable music player. In this case, the arrangement portion 51 in which a rechargeable battery or a dry battery is conventionally disposed is set as a position where a fuel cell is disposed, and a stack of fuel cells is disposed.

Alternatively, the electrically driven device provided with the fuel cell of the present invention can be applied to a large-sized mobile object such as a vehicle or an automobile. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the inside of the fuel cell vehicle 60 on the bumper side. In the case of the automobile 60, an engine room 65 as a housing formed by being surrounded by a floor panel 61, a front bumper 62, a front side member 63, and a vehicle compartment forming member 64 is provided with an arrangement of the fuel cell 10. Location,
The stack of the fuel cell 10 is arranged.

At this time, if a partition is formed in the engine room 65 as necessary, and the stack is disposed in a space surrounded by the partition, the fuel cell can be more reliably held. Note that, in the above example, an automobile is taken as an example of a moving body. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to a housing of a stationary power generation system for home use or business use.

In the above embodiment, a membrane made of polyfullerene hydroxide is used as the proton conducting membrane, but the proton conducting membrane is not limited to this. The polyhydroxylated fullerene has a fullerene molecule as a base and a hydroxyl group introduced into its constituent carbon molecules. The base is not limited to the fullerene molecule but may be any carbonaceous material containing carbon as a main component.

The carbonaceous material has a carbon atom
Regardless of the type of carbon-carbon bond, it may include a carbon cluster, which is an aggregate formed by bonding several to several hundreds, and tubular carbonaceous material (commonly called carbon nanotube).

As the former carbon cluster, there are various carbon clusters having a closed surface structure similar to spheres or spheroids, which are formed by a large number of carbon atoms, as shown in FIG. . Also, as shown in FIG. 10, a part of the sphere structure of those carbon clusters is missing,
A carbon cluster having an open end in the structure, a carbon cluster having a diamond structure in which most of the carbon atoms are SP3 bonded as shown in FIG. 11, and further, these clusters are variously bonded as shown in FIG. Carbon clusters may be included.

The group to be introduced into the parent of this type is not limited to a hydroxyl group, but may be any proton-dissociable group represented by -XH, more preferably -YOH. Where X and Y
Is an arbitrary atom or atomic group having a divalent bond, H is a hydrogen atom, and O is an oxygen atom. In particular,
Besides the -OH, hydrogen sulfate ester group -OSO ₃ H,
Carboxyl group -COOH, other _-SO 3 H, -OPO
(OH) ₂ is preferred.

The proton (hydrogen ion) highly conductive glass prepared by the sol-gel method may be used. This highly conductive glass is, for example, phosphoric acid-silicate (P ₂ O)
_5- SiO ₂ ) -based glass, in which a metal alkoxide raw material is hydrolyzed to produce a gel, which is heated at 500 to 800 ° C. to produce a glass. This glass has micropores of about 2 nanometers, in which moisture is adsorbed and the movement of protons is promoted.

Further, an organic-inorganic hybrid ion exchange membrane may be used. This is a composite film in which polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide (PPO), polytetramethylene oxide (PTMO), and the like are combined at the molecular level with silica, and monodotesyl phosphate (MDP), 1,2-tungsten It is obtained by doping phosphoric acid (PWA) or the like as a proton conductive donor.

Further, a self-humidifying electrolyte membrane may be used. As shown in FIG. 13, for example, this film has a very small amount of ultrafine platinum catalyst and oxide (TiO ₂ .SiO ₂ ) in the film.
Ultra-fine terminals are highly dispersed. Water is generated on a platinum catalyst by reversing the crossover of hydrogen and oxygen, and the generated water is adsorbed and retained on the oxide ultrafine particles, thereby humidifying the film from the inside and keeping the water content high. It is. Pt in which ultrafine platinum particles (0.09 mg / cm ² ) having a very small particle size of 1 to ² nm and ultrafine particles of TiO _{2 having} a particle size of 5 nm (3% of the weight of dry Nafion) are highly dispersed.
With -TiO ₂ dispersion film in the electrolyte, completely even when the external non-humidified, extremely stable and high performance (0.4-0.6
A battery operation of about 0.6 W / cm ² at V becomes possible.
In any of the above modifications, humidification is not required for proton conduction, and the effect of the present invention is not changed.

As described above, since the fuel cell 10 of this embodiment uses the electrolyte membrane 11 made of a proton conductor as the electrolyte membrane, it is not necessary to humidify hydrogen gas, and it is necessary to provide a humidifier. And a compact configuration can be achieved.

[0066]

As described above, according to the apparatus driven by electricity provided with the fuel cell of the present invention, a part of the housing of the device is used as a place where the fuel cell is disposed. Therefore, it is possible to mount the fuel cell without providing a special space for disposing the fuel cell and without increasing the size of the device.

By mounting a fuel cell, a power source having high energy efficiency and long lasting power can be obtained in a small and lightweight configuration, and portable equipment can be easily carried and used for a long time.

In particular, since the fuel cell of the present invention uses an electrolyte membrane made of a proton conductor as the electrolyte membrane, a humidifier for humidifying hydrogen gas is not required, and the information collecting device body is limited. A compact configuration can be achieved without taking up an installation space in a closed space. Also,
Since a large amount of water is not generated, the weight of the water is not added and equipment such as a storage tank is not required. In addition, fuel cells are strong against load fluctuations and low temperature
Even under a low-temperature environment, stable power can always be obtained, and high reliability can be obtained.

Also, when holding the cell stack constituting the fuel cell, the housing of the device driven by electricity can be used without using individual plates, so that the invention is applicable to devices driven by various types of electricity. Then, it becomes possible to omit the components of the fuel cell, and the practical value including the cost is enormous.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a personal computer as an electrically driven device.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the inside of a housing.

FIG. 3 is a view as viewed from A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific configuration of a fuel cell.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another housing on which a fuel cell can be mounted.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing another example in which a fuel cell is mounted.

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of polyhydroxylated fullerene as an example including a fullerene molecule as a main component and having a proton-dissociable group.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which a fullerene molecule is a main component and a proton dissociating group is provided.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a carbon cluster.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a carbon cluster having an open end.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a carbon cluster having a diamond structure.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a carbon cluster in which various clusters are bonded.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a self-humidifying electrolyte membrane.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Personal computer 2 Case 2a Fuel cell arrangement part 2b Hydrogen cylinder arrangement part 2c Arrangement part 3 Screen 4 Cover part 5 Keyboard 6 Touch panel 10 Fuel cell 11 Electrolyte film 12 Insulator 13 Fuel electrode film 14 Air electrode electrode 17 , 18 Sheet membrane 20 Frame 30 Seal member 31 Gas supply pipe 32 Nozzle communication pipe 40 Plate 41 Hole 50 Housing 51 Arrangement 60 Electric vehicle 61 Floor panel 62 Front bumper 63 Front side member 64 Body forming member 65 Engine room (housing) Body) B hydrogen gas cylinder C cell EM electrode module S stack

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H01M 8/10 H01M 8/10

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An electrically driven apparatus having a housing, wherein at least a pair of opposed walls are formed in the housing, and a cell stack constituting a fuel cell is provided between the walls. An electrically driven device including a fuel cell, wherein the device is disposed, and the cell stack is attached to a housing while being sandwiched by receiving pressure from the pair of walls. 2. An electrically driven apparatus having a housing, wherein at least a pair of opposed walls are formed in the housing, and a fuel cell is disposed between the walls. An apparatus driven by electricity provided with a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell is sandwiched under pressure from the pair of walls and attached to a housing. 3. A cell constituting the fuel cell, wherein an air-suppliable wall formed in the housing and a surface which is airtightly attached to the air-suppliable wall and is in contact with oxygen. At least one electrode module comprising: a sealing wall provided on a surface of the electrode module opposite to the surface in contact with the oxygen, the surface being in contact with the fuel side; and the sealing wall and the electrode. 3. An electrically driven device comprising a fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising an inlet for injecting a fuel gas between the module and a surface in contact with the fuel side. 4. An apparatus driven by electricity provided with a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the cells constituting the fuel cell are provided with an electrolyte membrane made of a proton conductor. . 5. The fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the electrolyte membrane made of the proton conductor is provided with a proton dissociating group with fullerene molecules as a main component. Device. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device driven by electricity is any one of a portable electronic device, a moving object including a car, and a stationary power generation system. A device driven by electricity with a fuel cell.