JP2000167400A - Preparation of carbonylation catalyst and acid ester - Google Patents

Preparation of carbonylation catalyst and acid ester

Info

Publication number
JP2000167400A
JP2000167400A JP10344960A JP34496098A JP2000167400A JP 2000167400 A JP2000167400 A JP 2000167400A JP 10344960 A JP10344960 A JP 10344960A JP 34496098 A JP34496098 A JP 34496098A JP 2000167400 A JP2000167400 A JP 2000167400A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
catalyst
metal
reaction
periodic table
methanol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP10344960A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroshi Ohashi
洋 大橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd filed Critical Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Priority to JP10344960A priority Critical patent/JP2000167400A/en
Publication of JP2000167400A publication Critical patent/JP2000167400A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a catalyst for carbonylation of alcohols which is hardly susceptible to the effect of moisture or a carbon dioxide gas and is highly reactive by adding group 7 metal of the periodic table or a metal compound thereof as an effective component. SOLUTION: This catalyst for carbonylation reaction of alcohols contains group 7 metal elements of the periodic table as effective component. As group 7 metal elements of the periodic table, manganese, technetium and rhenium, are cited. Among them manganese is especially an effective catalyst. These elements can be used in the form of metal, and also in the form of a compound, e.g. an oxide, a chloride or a nitrate. Among them the form of an oxide can be used as a best-suited catalyst. Further, a catalyst composed of at least two kinds of the above metal element may be used. In addition, a catalyst may be formed by synthesis of alumna, silica, titania, zeolite or the like, or bearing the above metal elements (catalytic components) on a natural porous refractory material.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、アルコール類にC
Oガスを反応させてカルボニル化反応によりぎ酸エステ
ルを製造する触媒、および該触媒を用いたぎ酸エステル
の製造方法に関する。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing alcohols,
The present invention relates to a catalyst for producing formate by a carbonylation reaction by reacting O gas, and a method for producing formate using the catalyst.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】一酸化炭素を用いてアルコール類をカル
ボニル化する反応は、ぎ酸エステル製造方法としてよく
知られている。特に、メタノールとCOからぎ酸メチル
を製造する方法は工業的にも重要で各種の触媒や製造方
法が知られている。例えば、アルカリ金属アルコキシド
やジアゾビシクロウンデセンを触媒として用いる方法が
報告されている(工業化学会誌 Vol.59,P.8
71−875(1956)、日本化学会誌 Vol.
4,P.457−465(1977))。しかし、これ
らの触媒は均一系触媒であり、反応物や未反応原料との
分離操作が必要であった。固体触媒としては強塩基性イ
オン交換樹脂やアルカリ土類金属酸化物がしられている
(特開平9−40609号公報、特開平9−40610
号公報)。以上の触媒はすべて強塩基性を示し、ぎ酸エ
ステル製造の原料となるメタノールやCOガスに含まれ
やすい、水分や炭酸ガスにより触媒が劣化してしまうと
いう欠点があった。
2. Description of the Related Art A reaction for carbonylating alcohols using carbon monoxide is well known as a method for producing formate. In particular, a method for producing methyl formate from methanol and CO is industrially important, and various catalysts and production methods are known. For example, a method using an alkali metal alkoxide or diazobicycloundecene as a catalyst has been reported (Journal of the Industrial Chemistry, Vol. 59, p. 8).
71-875 (1956), The Chemical Society of Japan, Vol.
4, p. 457-465 (1977)). However, these catalysts are homogeneous catalysts, and require a separation operation from reactants and unreacted raw materials. As the solid catalyst, a strongly basic ion exchange resin or an alkaline earth metal oxide is used (JP-A-9-40609, JP-A-9-40610).
No.). All of the above catalysts exhibit strong basicity, and are disadvantageous in that they are easily contained in methanol or CO gas, which is a raw material for the production of formate esters, and that the catalyst is deteriorated by moisture or carbon dioxide gas.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記観点か
らなされたもので、水分や炭酸ガスの影響を受け難いカ
ルボニル化触媒の提供、および該触媒を用いた効率的な
ぎ酸エステルの製造方法の提供を目的とするものであ
る。
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made from the above viewpoint, and provides a carbonylation catalyst which is hardly affected by moisture and carbon dioxide gas, and a method for efficiently producing a formate using the catalyst. The purpose is to provide.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は鋭意研究の結
果、周期律表第7族金属または該金属化合物を含むカル
ボニル化触媒が上記課題を解決し、アルコール類から効
率的にぎ酸エステルを製造する方法を提供できることを
見出し本発明を完成したものである。すなわち、本発明
の要旨は以下の通りである。 (1) 周期律表第7族金属または該金属化合物を含む
アルコール類のカルボニル化触媒。 (2) 周期律表第7族金属がマンガンである(1)記
載のアルコール類のカルボニル化触媒。 (3) (1)又は(2)記載のカルボニル化触媒の存
在下で、アルコール類と一酸化炭素を反応させることを
特徴とするぎ酸エステルの製造方法。 (4) アルコール類がメタノールである(3)記載の
ぎ酸エステルの製造方法。
Means for Solving the Problems As a result of diligent research, the present inventors have solved the above-mentioned problems by using a carbonylation catalyst containing a metal of Group 7 of the periodic table or a metal compound thereof, and efficiently remove formic acid esters from alcohols. It has been found that a method for producing the same can be provided, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows. (1) A carbonylation catalyst for a metal belonging to Group 7 of the periodic table or an alcohol containing the metal compound. (2) The carbonylation catalyst for alcohols according to (1), wherein the Group 7 metal of the periodic table is manganese. (3) A method for producing a formate, comprising reacting an alcohol with carbon monoxide in the presence of the carbonylation catalyst according to (1) or (2). (4) The method according to (3), wherein the alcohol is methanol.

【0005】[0005]

【発明の実施の形態】以下に、本発明の実施の形態を説
明する。まず、本発明の触媒について説明する。本発明
のアルコール類のカルボニル化反応の触媒は周期律表第
7族金属元素からなるものである。即ち、周期律表第7
族金属元素を有効成分として含んでいる触媒である。周
期律表第7族金属元素としては、マンガン(Mn)、テ
クチニウム(Tc)、レニウム(Re)が挙げられる。
この中でもMnが特に有効な触媒である。また、これら
の元素は金属の状態でも、化合物、たとえば酸化物、塩
化物、硝酸塩などどのような化学的形態でも用いること
ができる。その中でも酸化物の状態が好適な触媒として
利用できる。さらに、上記金属元素の2種以上からなる
触媒でもよい。また、他の物質とから成っていてもよ
い。具体的には、アルミナ、シリカ、チタニア、ゼオラ
イトなどの合成または天然の多孔質耐火性材料を担体と
して上記金属元素(触媒成分)を担持したものでもよ
い。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. First, the catalyst of the present invention will be described. The catalyst for the carbonylation reaction of alcohols according to the present invention comprises a metal element belonging to Group 7 of the periodic table. That is, Periodic Table 7
It is a catalyst containing a group metal element as an active ingredient. Examples of the Group 7 metal element of the periodic table include manganese (Mn), techtinium (Tc), and rhenium (Re).
Among them, Mn is a particularly effective catalyst. In addition, these elements can be used in any chemical form such as a metal state or a compound such as an oxide, a chloride or a nitrate. Among them, the oxide state can be used as a suitable catalyst. Further, a catalyst comprising two or more of the above metal elements may be used. Further, it may be composed of another substance. More specifically, a material in which a synthetic or natural porous refractory material such as alumina, silica, titania, or zeolite is used as a carrier and the above-described metal element (catalyst component) is supported may be used.

【0006】上記触媒の製造方法については、特別の方
法を用いる必要はない。市販の二酸化マンガンなどは好
適な触媒として使用できる。あるいは、アルミナ、シリ
カ、チタニア、ゼオライトなど通常触媒担体として使用
されている多孔質耐火性材料にマンガンあるいはレニウ
ム化合物の水溶液を含浸させて、乾燥、焼成によりマン
ガンあるいはレニウムの酸化物を担持した触媒とするこ
とができる。焼成は空気中で100〜1000℃、好ま
しくは300〜700℃で1〜30時間実施すればよ
い。これらは、必要に応じてバインダーを加えたりして
成形して使用することができる。
There is no need to use a special method for producing the above catalyst. Commercially available manganese dioxide or the like can be used as a suitable catalyst. Alternatively, alumina, silica, titania, impregnated with an aqueous solution of a manganese or rhenium compound into a porous refractory material usually used as a catalyst carrier such as zeolite, and dried and calcined to support a manganese or rhenium oxide-supported catalyst. can do. The sintering may be performed in air at 100 to 1000 ° C, preferably 300 to 700 ° C for 1 to 30 hours. These can be used by adding a binder as necessary and molding.

【0007】次に、本発明の方法であるアルコール類と
一酸化炭素(CO)を反応させてぎ酸エステルを製造す
る方法について説明する。本発明のアルコール類はメタ
ノール、エタノール、プロパノール、グリセリン、エチ
レングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、エタノール
アミン類、ヒドロキシカルボン酸類などアルコール型ヒ
ドロキシル基を有するものであればよい。この中でもメ
タノールが反応としても基本的で工業的にも最も重要で
あるのでメタノールを例に具体的に本発明のぎ酸エステ
ル(この場合はぎ酸メチル)の製造方法について説明す
る。
Next, the method of the present invention for producing a formate by reacting an alcohol with carbon monoxide (CO) will be described. The alcohol of the present invention may be any alcohol having an alcohol-type hydroxyl group such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, ethanolamines, and hydroxycarboxylic acids. Among them, methanol is fundamental as a reaction and is most important industrially, and therefore, a method for producing a formate ester (methyl formate in this case) of the present invention will be specifically described using methanol as an example.

【0008】メタノールは工業用のメタノールがそのま
ま使用できる。また、COは通常COガスの状態で用い
られる。COガスには水素、窒素等の他のガスを含有し
ていてもよい。本発明の反応において、メタノールとC
Oのモル比は理論的には1:1であるが、任意に選択す
ることができる。メタノールの転化率を向上させたいと
きはCOを多く、COの転化率を向上させたいときはメ
タノールを多く供給すればよい。さらに、未反応の原料
は再度反応器に循環して使用してもよい。
As methanol, industrial methanol can be used as it is. CO is usually used in the state of CO gas. The CO gas may contain other gases such as hydrogen and nitrogen. In the reaction of the present invention, methanol and C
The molar ratio of O is theoretically 1: 1 but can be arbitrarily selected. When it is desired to improve the conversion of methanol, a large amount of CO may be supplied. When it is desired to improve the conversion of CO, a large amount of methanol may be supplied. Further, the unreacted raw material may be recycled to the reactor and used again.

【0009】本発明の反応温度は常温から300℃、好
ましくは80〜200℃とすることが望ましい。上記温
度範囲は実用的な温度制御性やエネルギーロスの低下の
ためである。また、反応圧力は0.5〜30MPa、好
ましくは1〜15MPaとすることが望ましい。本発明
の反応に使用する触媒は、反応に使用する前に加熱処理
すると反応活性が向上する。加熱処理は300〜600
℃とすることが望ましい。さらに、雰囲気ガスは不活性
ガス、特に窒素ガスが好ましい。
The reaction temperature of the present invention is desirably from room temperature to 300 ° C., preferably from 80 to 200 ° C. The above temperature range is for practical temperature controllability and reduction of energy loss. The reaction pressure is desirably 0.5 to 30 MPa, preferably 1 to 15 MPa. When the catalyst used in the reaction of the present invention is subjected to heat treatment before being used in the reaction, the reaction activity is improved. Heat treatment is 300-600
It is desirable to be set to ° C. Further, the atmosphere gas is preferably an inert gas, particularly a nitrogen gas.

【0010】本発明の反応装置は特に制限されるもので
はなく、種々の形式のものが採用できる。例えばメタノ
ールを液相で用いる場合、攪拌装置を持った回分式反応
槽、COガスを供給しながら反応を行う半回分式反応槽
などが挙げられる。この場合、反応は平衡反応であるの
で反応蒸留装置を利用して生成物のぎ酸メチルを反応系
外へ除去しながら反応を進めることも好適である。ま
た、メタノールを気相で用いる場合、固定床流通式反応
器を用いた並流式または向流式流通反応などが挙げられ
る。
The reactor of the present invention is not particularly limited, and various types of reactors can be employed. For example, when methanol is used in the liquid phase, a batch reaction tank having a stirrer, a semi-batch reaction tank that performs a reaction while supplying CO gas, and the like can be used. In this case, since the reaction is an equilibrium reaction, it is also preferable to proceed with the reaction while removing the product methyl formate out of the reaction system using a reactive distillation apparatus. When methanol is used in the gas phase, a cocurrent or countercurrent flow reaction using a fixed bed flow reactor may be used.

【0011】このようにして得られたぎ酸メチルは、ぎ
酸、ジメチルホルムアミド等の各種化学品の製造原料と
して利用できる。また、低温メタノール合成法の中間原
料としてのぎ酸メチルの製造方法として有効に活用でき
る。以上にメタノールからぎ酸メチルの製造方法につい
て具体時に本発明を説明したが、他のアルコールを用い
たぎ酸エステルの製造方法についても同様の方法が適用
でき、原料や反応条件等を適宜選択すれば好適なぎ酸エ
ステルの製造方法として活用できる。
The thus obtained methyl formate can be used as a raw material for producing various chemicals such as formic acid and dimethylformamide. Further, it can be effectively used as a method for producing methyl formate as an intermediate material in a low-temperature methanol synthesis method. Although the present invention has been described above with specific reference to the method for producing methyl formate from methanol, the same method can be applied to the method for producing formate using other alcohols, and raw materials and reaction conditions can be appropriately selected. It can be utilized as a suitable method for producing formate.

【0012】[0012]

【実施例】次に、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明す
るが、これらの実施例になんら制限されるものではな
い。 〔実施例1〕市販のMnO2 (和光純薬工業株式会社製
試薬1級MnO2 )を触媒として0.5gを石英反応管
に充填し、常圧下、400℃で1時間、窒素気流中に曝
し前処理した。この石英反応管中の触媒をそのまま15
0℃にして、流通ガスを合成ガス(CO/H2 =1/
2)として、3MPaに加圧した。さらに、メタノール
を1g/hで供給して、ぎ酸メチルの製造反応を実施し
た。この時の合成ガスの供給量はメタノールとCOが等
モルとなるようにした。反応条件が落ちついてから20
分後にガスクロマトグラフィーによりぎ酸メチルの生成
量を測定した。得られたぎ酸メチルの収率(メタノール
転化率)を表1に示す。
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Example 1 0.5 g of a commercially available MnO 2 (reagent grade MnO 2 manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was filled in a quartz reaction tube as a catalyst, and the mixture was placed in a nitrogen stream at 400 ° C. for 1 hour under normal pressure. Pre-exposure was performed. The catalyst in this quartz reaction tube is
0 ° C., and the flowing gas was synthesis gas (CO / H 2 = 1 /
As 2), the pressure was increased to 3 MPa. Further, methanol was supplied at a rate of 1 g / h to carry out a production reaction of methyl formate. At this time, the supply amount of the synthesis gas was such that methanol and CO were equimolar. 20 after the reaction conditions settle down
One minute later, the amount of methyl formate produced was measured by gas chromatography. Table 1 shows the yield (conversion of methanol) of the obtained methyl formate.

【0013】〔実施例2〕実施例1において、反応時の
圧力を3MPaから5MPaに変更した以外は実施例1
と同様にしてぎ酸メチルの製造を行った。得られたぎ酸
メチルの収率(メタノール転化率)を表1に示す。 〔比較例1〕実施例1において、市販のMnO2 を触媒
とした代わりに市販のSiO2 (和光純薬工業株式会社
製試薬1級SiO2 )を触媒として用いた以外は実施例
1と同様の操作でぎ酸メチルの製造を行った。得られた
ぎ酸メチルの収率(メタノール転化率)を表1に示す。
Example 2 Example 1 was repeated except that the pressure during the reaction was changed from 3 MPa to 5 MPa.
Production of methyl formate was carried out in the same manner as described above. Table 1 shows the yield (conversion of methanol) of the obtained methyl formate. [Comparative Example 1] Same as Example 1 except that commercially available SiO 2 (reagent grade SiO 2 manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used as a catalyst instead of using commercially available MnO 2 as a catalyst. The production of methyl formate was performed by the operation described above. Table 1 shows the yield (conversion of methanol) of the obtained methyl formate.

【0014】〔比較例2〕実施例1において、市販のM
nO2 を触媒とした代わりに市販のMgO(和光純薬工
業株式会社製試薬特級MgO)を触媒として用いた以外
は実施例1と同様の操作でぎ酸メチルの製造を行った。
得られたぎ酸メチルの収率(メタノール転化率)を表1
に示す。
Comparative Example 2 In Example 1, commercially available M
Methyl formate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a commercially available MgO (special grade MgO manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used as a catalyst instead of using nO 2 as a catalyst.
Table 1 shows the yield (conversion of methanol) of the obtained methyl formate.
Shown in

【0015】[0015]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0016】[0016]

【発明の効果】本発明の触媒は、従来提案されている触
媒(MgO)やシリカ(SiO2 )に較べ非常に高いぎ
酸メチル生成反応の活性を示す。また、本発明のぎ酸エ
ステルの製造方法は有効なぎ酸エステルの製造方法とし
て活用できる。
The catalyst of the present invention exhibits an extremely high activity of methyl formate formation reaction as compared with the conventionally proposed catalyst (MgO) or silica (SiO 2 ). Further, the method for producing a formate of the present invention can be utilized as an effective method for producing a formate.

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 周期律表第7族金属または該金属化合物
を含むアルコール類のカルボニル化触媒。
1. A catalyst for the carbonylation of a metal belonging to Group 7 of the periodic table or an alcohol containing the metal compound.
【請求項2】 周期律表第7族金属がマンガンである請
求項1記載のアルコール類のカルボニル化触媒。
2. The carbonylation catalyst for alcohols according to claim 1, wherein the metal of Group 7 of the periodic table is manganese.
【請求項3】 請求項1または2記載のカルボニル化触
媒の存在下で、アルコール類と一酸化炭素を反応させる
ことを特徴とするぎ酸エステルの製造方法。
3. A process for producing a formate ester, comprising reacting an alcohol with carbon monoxide in the presence of the carbonylation catalyst according to claim 1 or 2.
【請求項4】 アルコール類がメタノールである請求項
3記載のぎ酸エステルの製造方法。
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol is methanol.
JP10344960A 1998-12-04 1998-12-04 Preparation of carbonylation catalyst and acid ester Pending JP2000167400A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10344960A JP2000167400A (en) 1998-12-04 1998-12-04 Preparation of carbonylation catalyst and acid ester

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000167400A true JP2000167400A (en) 2000-06-20

Family

ID=18373328

Family Applications (1)

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Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2000167400A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2015103851A1 (en) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 Fujian Institute Of Research On The Structure Of Matter, Chinese Academy Of Sciences A process for vapor-phase methanol carbonylation to methyl formate, a catalyst used in the process and a method for preparing the catalyst
CN111350079A (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-30 日华化学株式会社 Method for producing leather material
CN115282887A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-11-04 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Device for preparing 1, 5-pentamethylene diamino methyl formate from carbon dioxide and preparation method using device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015103851A1 (en) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 Fujian Institute Of Research On The Structure Of Matter, Chinese Academy Of Sciences A process for vapor-phase methanol carbonylation to methyl formate, a catalyst used in the process and a method for preparing the catalyst
US9944587B2 (en) 2014-01-07 2018-04-17 Fujian Institute Of Research On The Structure Of Matter, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Process for vapor-phase methanol carbonylation to methyl formate, a catalyst used in the process and a method for preparing the catalyst
CN111350079A (en) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-30 日华化学株式会社 Method for producing leather material
CN115282887A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-11-04 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Device for preparing 1, 5-pentamethylene diamino methyl formate from carbon dioxide and preparation method using device
CN115282887B (en) * 2022-07-05 2024-02-09 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Device for preparing 1, 5-methyl glutarate by carbon dioxide and preparation method using device

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