EP4330532A1

EP4330532A1 - Closed-loop control device for closed-loop control of a power assembly comprising an internal combustion engine and a generator having an operative drive connection to the internal combustion engine, closed-loop control arrangement having such a closed-loop control device, and method for closed-loop control of a power assembly

Info

Publication number: EP4330532A1
Application number: EP22734591.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Armin DÖLKER; Johannes Baldauf
Original assignee: Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Current assignee: Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Priority date: 2021-06-22
Filing date: 2022-06-21
Publication date: 2024-03-06
Also published as: WO2022268785A1; US20240120862A1; DE102021206419B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a closed-loop control device (3) for closed-loop control of a power assembly (1) comprising an internal combustion engine (5) and a generator (9) having an operative drive connection to the internal combustion engine (5), in which device: - the closed-loop control device (3) has a power controller (14) which is designed - to detect a generator power (P_G) as a control variable, - to determine a power control deviation (e_P), and - to identify a first specification variable (16) in accordance with the power control deviation (e_P), - said closed-loop control device (3) also having a frequency controller (18) which is designed: - to detect a generator frequency ((f_G as a control variable, - to determine a frequency control deviation (e_f), and - to identify a second specification variable (20) in accordance with the frequency control deviation (e_f), - said closed-loop control device (3) also having a preselection module (22) which is designed to identify a third specification variable (24), - said closed-loop control device (3) being designed to combine the first specification variable (16), the second specification variable (20) and the third specification variable (24) with one another to form a total specification variable (26), and - to use the total specification variable (26) for controlling the internal combustion engine (5).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Control device for controlling an internal combustion engine and one with the

Internal combustion engine drivingly connected generator comprehensive

Power arrangement, control arrangement with such a control device,

Power arrangement and method for controlling a power arrangement

The invention relates to a control device for controlling a generator comprising an internal combustion engine and a generator which is drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine

Power arrangement, a control arrangement with such a control device, a power arrangement comprising an internal combustion engine and a generator drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine, with such a control device or with such a control arrangement, and a method for controlling such a power arrangement.

Such a control device can be set up to control a generator power or a generator frequency of the generator of a power arrangement. Difficulties arise in particular when both the generator power and the generator frequency are to be regulated. It proves to be particularly difficult to achieve good load shift behavior on the one hand and robust, stable control on the other. While these goals are already contradictory in themselves, the problem in the case outlined here is compounded by the fact that two different variables are to be adjusted.

The invention is based on the object of providing a control device for controlling a one

Internal combustion engine and a generator drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine and a power arrangement, a control arrangement with such a control device, a power arrangement comprising an internal combustion engine and a generator drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine, with such a control device or with such a control arrangement, and a method for controlling a to create such a power arrangement, the disadvantages mentioned are at least reduced, preferably do not occur. The object is achieved by providing the present technical teaching, in particular the teaching of the independent claims and the embodiments disclosed in the dependent claims and the description.

The object is achieved in particular by creating a control device for controlling a power arrangement, the power arrangement having an internal combustion engine and a generator which is drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine. the

The control device has a power controller that is set up to detect a generator power of the generator as a control variable, to determine a power control deviation as the difference between the detected generator power and a target generator power, and to determine a first default variable as a function of the power control deviation determine. The control device also has a frequency controller which is set up to detect a generator frequency of the generator as a control variable, to determine a frequency control deviation as the difference between the detected generator frequency and a setpoint generator frequency, and to set a second default variable as a function of the frequency to determine the deviation. The control device also has a pre-control module that is set up to determine a third default variable—in particular as a pre-control variable for controlling the internal combustion engine. The control device is set up to combine the first default variable, the second default variable and the third default variable with one another to form an overall default variable, in particular to calculate them, and to use the overall default variable - in particular as a manipulated variable - for controlling the internal combustion engine. With the control device proposed here, changes in the operation of the power arrangement, in particular changes in at least one setpoint variable, in particular changes in the setpoint generator power, are advantageously converted directly by the pre-control module into changes in the pre-control variable, i.e. the third default variable, with them being offset at the same time the third default variable with the other default variables to the total default variable cause a change in the manipulated variable. The control device proposed here therefore has very good load switching behavior. At the same time, the control device proposed here also has a robust, stable control of both the generator power and the generator frequency, since dynamic requirements are met by the pre-control, so that a stable and robust parameterization can be selected for the power controller and for the frequency controller, even if this may result in a slower control characteristic. In particular, it is possible that Overall default variable, i.e. in particular the resulting manipulated variable for controlling the internal combustion engine, is calculated for each sampling step, taking into account the manipulated variables of the power controller and the frequency controller, i.e. from the first specified variable and the second specified variable of the respective sampling step, so that no sampling-related dead times develop. It is thus possible to react immediately to changes in the generator frequency and the generator power with high control speed.

In the context of the present technical teaching, a generator frequency is understood to mean in particular the frequency of the electrical voltage induced in the generator, in particular the frequency of the electrical output voltage of the generator.

In particular, the control device is set up to control the generator power and the generator frequency simultaneously, that is to say at the same time. This is possible in particular by offsetting the first default variable, the second default variable and the third default variable with one another to form the overall default variable, which can take place in particular in each individual scanning step for each individual default variable.

In one embodiment, the control device is set up to output the overall default variable—in particular as a manipulated variable—for controlling the internal combustion engine. In particular, the control device is set up to use the overall default variable—in particular as a manipulated variable—for controlling the internal combustion engine by outputting the overall default variable. The control device preferably has an interface that is set up to output the total default value.

In another embodiment, the control device is set up to convert the overall default variable into a control variable, the control variable being suitable for directly controlling the internal combustion engine. In this case, the overall default variable is used indirectly for controlling the internal combustion engine. In particular, the control device is preferably set up to output the control variable. In particular, the control device preferably has an interface that is set up to output the control variable. The control device is preferably set up to calculate the same type of specified variable, that is to say in particular the same physical variable, for the first specified variable, the second specified variable and the third specified variable. In particular, the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint are each an identical physical quantity. In this way, they can be combined with one another in a particularly simple manner, in particular offset, in particular added or summed up with one another. In particular, it is possible for all three default variables to be a torque.

In the context of the present technical teaching, the term “pre-control module” refers in particular to a functional context that is set up to determine the third default variable—in particular as a pre-control variable. The pilot control module does not necessarily have to be a unit that can be technically or conceptually distinguished from other parts of the control device; rather, this term summarizes all those technical and/or functional structures of the control device that interact with one another to determine the third default variable. The pilot control module can form a functional unit, but this is not necessarily the case. The pilot control module can be present as a hardware module in the control device, but it is also possible for the pilot control module to be implemented in software in the control device.

The control device is preferably set up to work in a time-discrete manner, in particular to carry out its calculations in a time-discrete manner, that is to say in particular clocked. The discrete points in time that result in this respect are also referred to as sampling steps in the context of the present technical teaching. Clocking is also referred to as sampling.

A power arrangement is understood here in particular as an arrangement of an internal combustion engine and an electric machine that can be operated as a generator, ie a generator, with the internal combustion engine being operatively connected to the generator drive in order to drive the generator. The power arrangement is thus set up in particular to convert chemical energy converted into mechanical energy in the internal combustion engine into electrical energy in the generator. The power arrangement can be operated alone—in a so-called island operation—or with a plurality of—in particular few—other power arrangements together in a network, ie in an island parallel operation. But it is also possible that the power arrangement at a in particular larger power grid or energy supply grid, in particular a national power grid, is operated in parallel with the grid.

The control device is preferably set up to filter an instantaneous actual frequency of the generator and to use the filtered actual frequency as the detected generator frequency. This advantageously enables a particularly smooth and therefore robust regulation. The instantaneous actual frequency is preferably measured directly at the generator. According to a preferred embodiment, the instantaneous actual frequency is filtered using a PT ₁ filter or an averaging filter, with the detected generator frequency resulting from the PT ₁ filter or averaging filter.

The control device is preferably set up to limit the instantaneous actual frequency or the filtered actual frequency to a predetermined minimum frequency, as a result of which a limited generator frequency is obtained. The controller is also set up to use the limited generator frequency as the detected generator frequency.

Alternatively or additionally, the control device is preferably set up to filter an instantaneous actual power of the generator and to use the filtered actual power as the detected generator power. This advantageously enables a particularly smooth and therefore robust regulation. The instantaneous actual power is preferably directly - measured at the generator - preferably electrically. According to a preferred embodiment, the instantaneous actual power is filtered using a PT ₁ filter or a mean value filter, with the detected generator power resulting from the PT ₁ filter or mean value filter.

A control device is understood to mean, in particular, a control device. In a corresponding manner, a control arrangement is understood to mean, in particular, a control arrangement. Accordingly, a control device is understood to mean, in particular, a control device.

According to one development of the invention, it is provided that the control device is set up to add the first default variable, the second default variable and the third default variable together to form the overall default variable. This presents an equally simple as represents an advantageous embodiment of the control device. In particular, the addition of the default values to the total default value enables dynamic pilot control with robust control of the generator power and the generator frequency at the same time. In particular, the first and second output variables calculated by the power controller and the frequency controller are advantageously superimposed in a corrective manner on the third output variable calculated by the pilot control module.

According to one development of the invention, it is provided that the pilot control module is set up to determine the third default variable using a target generator output variable. In this way, changes in the setpoint generator power are transferred to the overall default variable without delay, that is to say with high dynamics. This in turn requires a very good load switching behavior of the control device proposed here. The use of the setpoint generator power variable to determine the third default variable is particularly advantageous since the setpoint generator power typically varies more than the setpoint generator frequency during operation of the control device. The pilot control module is preferably set up to determine the third default variable based on the target generator power variable and the detected generator frequency.

In a preferred embodiment, the setpoint generator power variable is the setpoint generator power itself, or in another preferred embodiment it is a variable that is derived, in particular calculated or determined in some other way, from the setpoint generator power. The dynamics of the control device can still advantageously be increased by a suitable choice of the target generator power variable.

According to one development of the invention, it is provided that the control device is set up to determine a setpoint torque as the first default variable, as the second default variable and as the third default variable. This represents a particularly advantageous configuration of the control device that is easy to operate. In the context of the present technical teaching, a target torque is sometimes also referred to as a target torque, in particular because of the brevity of the expression. The terms “setpoint torque” and “setpoint torque” are to be understood in particular as synonymous. According to one development of the invention, it is provided that the power controller is set up to determine a power setpoint torque as the first default variable as a function of the power control deviation. The frequency controller is set up to determine a frequency setpoint torque as the second default variable as a function of the frequency control deviation. The pilot control module is set up to determine a pilot control setpoint torque as the third default variable. The control device is set up to combine, in particular to add, the power setpoint torque, the frequency setpoint torque and the pilot control setpoint torque with one another to form an overall setpoint torque as the overall default variable. Thus, advantageously, all default values are setpoint torques, and the total default value is also a setpoint torque.

According to one development of the invention, the pilot control module is set up to calculate the third default variable by dividing the setpoint generator power variable by the detected generator frequency, with the quotient thus obtained being multiplied by a predetermined, constant prefactor. This represents a way of calculating the third default variable that is as simple as it is advantageous. The predetermined, constant prefactor preferably takes into account constants that are necessary or advantageous for the calculation, in particular natural constants. In a preferred embodiment, the prefactor is selected in such a way that a dimensionless representation of the calculation is possible when the input variables are specified in predetermined units.

In particular, the pilot control module is preferably set up to use the third default variable to be calculated according to the following equation:

With the target generator power size, the detected generator frequency f _G , and the predetermined, constant prefactor F.

In the event that the target generator output variable _{should be} equal to the target generator output P is, Equation (1) can in particular based on the following relationship between the Target generator power P _target and the target torque as the third default variable be derived: with the angular frequency ω .

Because of ω = 2πn, (3) with the speed n, and n = 30f _G (4), Equation (2) can be reformulated to Equation (1), where the pre-factor F in dimensionless notation and specification of the third default variable in Nm, the speed in min ^-1 , the generator frequency and the circular frequency in Hz, and the target generator power in kW assumes the following value:

According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the regulating device is designed as a control device for direct activation of the internal combustion engine. This represents a particularly simple and cost-effective configuration of the control device, with no additional control device being required in addition to the control device that is already present. In a preferred embodiment, the functionality of the control device is implemented in the form of a computer program product, that is to say in particular in terms of software, in the control device of the internal combustion engine. An existing control device can thus be retrofitted with the functionality according to the technical teaching presented here in a particularly simple manner. The control device is preferably an engine controller of the internal combustion engine. The control device is particularly preferably what is known as an engine control unit (ECU). The engine controller or the ECU is preferably set up to use the setpoint torque to calculate at least one energization duration for at least one fuel injection valve, in particular an injector, of the internal combustion engine.

If the control device is designed as a control device, in particular an engine controller, and set up for direct activation of the internal combustion engine, it is possible for a speed control of the control device to be active and in particular to calculate an energization duration for at least one fuel feed valve, in particular an injector, which is used to feed fuel into at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is provided, in particular depending on the total target torque calculated as the total default variable. However, it is also possible for the energization duration to be calculated from the total setpoint torque, bypassing a speed controller or without using a speed controller. In this refinement, the control device is set up in particular to convert the total preset variable into a control variable, namely the energization duration. The energization duration is the control variable that is then output by the control device for controlling the internal combustion engine.

Alternatively, the control device is preferably designed as a—in particular superordinate—generator controller, in particular with an interface to a control device of the internal combustion engine. In this case, the control device preferably has an interface to a control device of the internal combustion engine. This represents a particularly flexible configuration of the control device. In particular, the control device can easily be used with a large number of different existing power arrangements, in particular by being connected upstream of a control device provided there and connected to it via the interface. The control device is preferably set up to output the total default variable, in particular to the control device, ie to transmit the total default variable to the control device via the interface. The control device is preferably set up to calculate at least one energization duration for at least one fuel feed valve based on the overall default variable. A generator controller is understood to mean, in particular, a control device separate from the control device of the internal combustion engine, i.e. in particular an external control device, which is set up to regulate the generator, in particular to transmit the total default variable as a manipulated variable to the control device of the internal combustion engine. In particular, a generator controller itself is not a control device for the internal combustion engine, in particular not a so-called engine control unit (ECU). In particular, the generator regulator is provided in addition to the control device for the internal combustion engine, that is to say in addition to the control unit. The fact that the generator regulator is preferably superordinate means that it is preferably connected upstream of the control device.

If the control device designed as—in particular a superordinate—generator controller is used in combination with a control device of the internal combustion engine, the control device is preferably operated with deactivated speed control or without speed control. In a preferred embodiment, however, an idle final speed controller is activated in the control device. When the idling final speed controller is active, the speed of the internal combustion engine is controlled when the speed falls below a lower limit or exceeds an upper limit. Between the lower limit speed and the upper one

The limit speed corresponds to the setpoint torque used in the control device and the overall setpoint torque specified by the generator controller and transmitted via the interface. In this embodiment, in particular, a torque specification of the control device is activated.

A suitable idling final speed controller is disclosed in particular in DE 102 48 633 B4.

In one embodiment, the control device designed as—in particular higher-level—generator controller is set up to receive a maximum setpoint torque from the control device. In particular, the interface between the regulating device and the control device is set up to receive the maximum setpoint torque from the control device.

The control device is - regardless of its configuration as a control device or as a particular higher-level generator controller - preferably set up to at least one default value, selected from a group consisting of the first default value, the second default variable, the third default variable, and the overall default variable, to a maximum target torque, in particular the maximum target torque received from the control device or a maximum target torque determined by the control device itself. The control device is preferably set up to limit at least one default variable, selected from a group consisting of the first default variable, the second default variable, and the third default variable, to the maximum setpoint torque. The control device is preferably set up to limit at least one default variable, selected from a group consisting of the first default variable and the second default variable, to the maximum setpoint torque. The control device is preferably set up to limit the first default variable, the second default variable and the overall default variable to the maximum setpoint torque, in particular to the same maximum setpoint torque. The control device is preferably set up to limit the first default variable and the second default variable to the maximum setpoint torque, in particular to the same maximum setpoint torque. The power controller is preferably set up to limit the first default variable to the maximum setpoint torque. Alternatively or additionally, the frequency controller is set up to limit the second default variable to the maximum setpoint torque.

In a preferred embodiment, the power controller is set up to limit its integral component to the maximum setpoint torque. In particular, the power controller is set up to limit its integral component and the first default value to the maximum setpoint torque, in particular to the same maximum setpoint torque. In particular, the integral component on the one hand and the first default value on the other hand are limited separately to the maximum setpoint torque. In particular, the power controller is preferably set up to limit its integral component and the first default variable to the same maximum setpoint torque to which the overall default variable is also limited at the same time. In particular, the controller output of the power controller and its integral component are therefore limited to the same value.

In a preferred embodiment, the frequency controller is set up to limit its integral component to the maximum setpoint torque. In particular, the frequency controller is set up to limit its integral component and the second default variable to the maximum setpoint torque, in particular to the same maximum setpoint torque. In particular, the integral component on the one hand and the second default value on the other hand are limited separately to the maximum setpoint torque. In particular, the frequency controller is preferably set up to reduce its integral component and to limit the second default variable to the same maximum setpoint torque to which the overall default variable is also limited at the same time. In particular, the controller output of the frequency controller and its integral component are therefore limited to the same value.

According to one development of the invention, it is provided that the power controller is set up to calculate a first additional specified value term from the target generator power by means of a first arithmetic element having a differential - or differentiating - transfer behavior, and to multiply the first additional specified value term with a value defined by the Power controller - to offset calculated first precursor specification - in particular depending on the power control deviation - in order to obtain the first specification. In this way, the control behavior can advantageously be designed to be particularly dynamic. In particular, the load switching behavior of a power arrangement having the control device is improved. In particular, a frequency dip in the generator frequency is advantageously reduced in the event of a load connection.

In a preferred embodiment, the first computing element is a D element or a DT ₁ element.

According to one embodiment of the control device, the power controller is set up to add the first default variable additional term to the first previous default variable in order to obtain the first default variable. This represents a particularly simple embodiment of the calculation of the first default variable, taking into account the additional term of the default variable.

According to one development of the invention, it is provided that the pilot control module is set up to calculate a second precursor specification variable, in particular as a static third specification variable, from the setpoint generator power variable and the detected generator frequency, and to calculate the third specification variable from the second precursor specification variable , i.e. in particular from the static third default variable, by means of a second arithmetic element having a proportional and a differential transfer behavior, the third default variable being calculated in particular as a dynamic third default variable. In this way, too, the regulation is designed to be very dynamic and the load shifting behavior is improved. The second preceding default variable is preferably calculated according to equation (1) and results therefrom in particular as a static target torque, with the third default variable then being calculated therefrom by the second arithmetic element as a dynamic target torque.

In a preferred embodiment, the second computing element is a PD element or a (PD)T ₁ element.

According to one development of the invention, the pilot control module is set up to calculate the target generator power variable from the target generator power, as a static target generator power, by means of a third arithmetic element having a proportional and differential transfer behavior. In a preferred embodiment, the setpoint generator power variable is then in particular a dynamic setpoint generator power. In this way, too, the regulation is designed to be very dynamic and the load shifting behavior is improved. What is particularly advantageous about this configuration is that the dynamic amplification of the—static—setpoint generator power is independent of the behavior of the detected generator frequency. Thus, a change in the detected generator frequency that runs counter to the change in the setpoint generator power at the moment of load switching cannot have a negative effect on the load switching behavior.

In a preferred embodiment, the third computing element is a PD element or a (PD)T ₁ element.

The object is also achieved by a rule arrangement for controlling a one

internal combustion engine and a generator that is drive-effectively connected to the internal combustion engine and has a control device according to the invention designed as a - in particular higher-level - generator controller or a control device designed as - in particular higher-level - generator controller according to one or more of the above-described embodiments, the control arrangement having a has a control device that is operatively connected to the control device for direct activation of the internal combustion engine, and wherein the control device is set up to transfer the overall default variable to the control device. In connection with the rule arrangement, there are in particular the advantages that have already been explained in connection with the control device. The control device can preferably be operated with deactivated speed control or without speed control, or it has no speed control. The control device preferably has an idle final speed controller. The control device can preferably be operated with a torque specification. The control device is preferably set up to determine, in particular to calculate, a maximum target torque and to output the maximum target torque, in particular to transmit the maximum target torque to the control device. The control device is preferably set up to calculate the maximum setpoint torque as a function of at least one engine variable of the internal combustion engine, in particular a current speed or a current boost pressure.

The object is also achieved by providing a power arrangement that is a

Comprising an internal combustion engine and a generator drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine. The power arrangement also has a control device according to the invention or a control device according to one or more of the embodiments described above, or the power arrangement has a control arrangement according to the invention or a control arrangement according to one or more of the embodiments described above. The control device or the control arrangement is operatively connected to the internal combustion engine and the generator of the power arrangement. In connection with the power arrangement, there are in particular the advantages that have already been explained in connection with the control device and the control arrangement.

Finally, the object is also achieved by creating a method for controlling a power arrangement that has an internal combustion engine and a generator that is drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine, with a generator power of the generator being recorded as a control variable, with a power control deviation as the difference between the recorded generator power and a setpoint generator power is determined, and a first default variable is determined as a function of the power control deviation. A generator frequency of the generator is also recorded as a control variable, with a frequency control deviation being determined as the difference between the recorded generator frequency and a target generator frequency, and with a second default variable being determined as a function of the frequency control deviation. In addition, a third default variable—in particular as a precontrol variable for controlling the internal combustion engine—is determined. The first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint become each other combined to form an overall default variable, in particular offset, and the overall default variable is used—in particular as a manipulated variable—to control the internal combustion engine. In particular, the internal combustion engine is controlled with the overall default variable. In connection with the method, there are in particular those advantages which have already been explained in connection with the control device, the control arrangement and the power arrangement. The method preferably includes at least one method step which was explained explicitly or implicitly in connection with the control device, the control arrangement and/or the power arrangement.

The first default variable, the second default variable and the third default variable are preferably added together to form the overall default variable.

The third default variable is preferably determined on the basis of the target generator output variable.

The third default variable is preferably determined on the basis of the target generator power variable and the detected generator frequency.

A setpoint torque is preferably determined in each case as the first default variable, as the second default variable and as the third default variable.

A desired output torque as a function of the output control deviation is preferably determined as the first default variable; A frequency setpoint torque as a function of the frequency control deviation is determined as the second default variable, and a pilot control setpoint torque is determined as the third default variable. The power setpoint torque, the frequency setpoint torque and the pilot control setpoint torque are combined with one another, in particular added, to form an overall setpoint torque as the overall default variable.

The third default variable is preferably calculated by dividing the target generator power variable by the detected generator frequency, with the quotient thus obtained being multiplied by a predetermined, constant prefactor. In particular, the third default variable is calculated according to equation (1).

Preferably, the setpoint generator power is converted into a differential by means of a

Transfer behavior having first arithmetic element a first default size additional term calculated, and the first default variable additional term is calculated using the power control deviation calculated first precursor default variable, in particular added to the first precursor default variable, whereby the first default variable is obtained.

A second preset variable is preferably calculated from the target generator power variable and the detected generator frequency, and the third preset variable is calculated from the second preset precursor variable by means of a second arithmetic element having a proportional and differential transfer behavior.

Preferably, the setpoint generator power variable is calculated from the setpoint generator power by means of a third arithmetic element having a proportional and differential transfer behavior.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. show:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of a power arrangement with an exemplary embodiment of a regulating arrangement and a first exemplary embodiment of a regulating device;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second exemplary embodiment of a power arrangement with a second exemplary embodiment of a control device;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic detailed illustration of the first exemplary embodiment of the power arrangement;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic detailed illustration of the second exemplary embodiment of the power arrangement;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic detailed illustration of the control device;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic detailed representation of a third exemplary embodiment of the power arrangement with a third exemplary embodiment of a control device;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a power arrangement with a fourth exemplary embodiment of a control device;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a fifth exemplary embodiment of a power arrangement with a fifth exemplary embodiment of a control device, and FIG. 9 shows a schematic, diagrammatic representation of the functioning of a method for controlling a power arrangement.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of a power arrangement 1 with a first exemplary embodiment of a control arrangement 13 and a first exemplary embodiment of a control device 3. In this exemplary embodiment, the power arrangement 1 is part of a higher-level network of a plurality of power arrangements, of which only one , Power arrangement 1, which is considered in more detail here, is shown. In particular, the power arrangement 1 is electrically connected to a power supply system 4, here specifically to a busbar 6. The power arrangement 1 can be operated, in particular, in island parallel operation or in grid parallel operation; In particular, the power grid 4 can be a local power grid, in particular an onboard power supply of a vehicle, for example a ship, or a nationwide power grid. The power grid 4 is assigned an external control device 8, which divides a total power P _rail requested at the busbar 6, which is also referred to as the total load, to the individual power arrangements 1, in particular by providing a separate target generator power for each power arrangement 1 - etc., is calculated. One of the here specifically illustrated power arrangement 1 associated first target generator power is im In the following, for the sake of simplicity _{, it} is briefly referred to as the target generator power P target .

However, the power arrangement 1 can also be operated on its own.

It is also possible that the power distribution is not carried out in an external control device 8, but in the control device 3 itself, in particular in a master control device of one of the power arrangements 1, in which case the other control devices 3 of the other power arrangements 1 are preferably used as slave control devices are operated, which receive their respective target generator power from the master control device.

The power arrangement 1 has an internal combustion engine 5 and a generator 9 drivingly connected to the internal combustion engine 5 via a shaft 7 shown schematically. The control device 3 is operatively connected to the internal combustion engine 5 on the one hand and to the generator 9 on the other hand. In particular, the generator 9 with the

Busbar 6 electrically connected in a manner not explicitly shown here. In particular, the control device 3 - see also Figures 3 and 4 - set up to control the power arrangement 1, wherein it has a power controller 14, which is set up to detect a generator power P _G of the generator 9 as a first controlled variable to a power -Control deviation e _P as the difference between the detected generator power P _G and the target generator power P desired _to be determined, and to determine a first default variable 16 as a manipulated variable for controlling the internal combustion engine 5 as a function of the power control deviation e _P . The control device 3 also has a frequency controller 18, which is set up to detect a generator frequency f _G of the generator 9 as a second controlled variable, a frequency control deviation e _f as the difference between the detected generator frequency f _G and a target generator frequency f set _to determine, and to determine a second default variable 20 as a manipulated variable for the control of the internal combustion engine 5 depending on the frequency deviation e _f . The control device 3 also has a pre-control module 22 that is set up to determine a third default variable 24 in particular as a pre-control variable for controlling the internal combustion engine 5 . Control device 3 is set up to combine, in particular to calculate, first specified variable 16, second specified variable 20 and third specified variable 24 with one another to form an overall specified variable 26, and to use overall specified variable 26 as a manipulated variable for controlling internal combustion engine 5 to use, especially to spend. In particular, the first default variable 16, the second default variable 20 and the third default variable 24 are added to one another, as a result of which the total default variable 26 is obtained.

The control device 3 enables a dynamic load switching behavior and at the same time a robust control of both the generator frequency and the generator power. In this case, the dynamics are provided by the pilot control module 22, while the first specification variable 16 and the second specification variable 20 are added to correct them in order to ensure stable regulation.

In the first exemplary embodiment shown here, the total preset variable 26 is in particular a target torque M _so// , which is also referred to as the total target torque. Correspondingly, each of the first, second and third default values 16, 20, 24 is preferably also a torque. According to the first exemplary embodiment shown here, control device 3 is embodied as a generator controller 12 and is operatively connected to a control device 11 of internal combustion engine 5 in such a way that total default variable 26 can be transmitted from control device 3 to control device 11. At the same time, this enables particularly robust control and a wide range of uses for the control device 3, in particular with a large number of power arrangements 1.

The control device 3 and the control device 11 together form the control arrangement 13 for controlling the power arrangement 1. The control device 11 is preferably designed as an engine controller 15, in particular as an engine control unit (ECU).

From the target torque M _so// , the control device 11 calculates - preferably as a function of other engine variables, in particular a detected speed n _actual - an energization duration BD for activating fuel injection valves of the internal combustion engine 5.

A speed controller of the control device 11 is preferably deactivated. An idle final speed controller of the control device 11 is preferably activated. This regulates the speed of the internal combustion engine 5 when the detected speed nact falls _below a lower speed limit n _empty or exceeds an upper speed limit _nend . Between these speed limits, a setpoint torque calculated in the control device 11 is equal to the setpoint torque M _so// specified by the control device 3 . In particular, a torque specification is activated in the control device 11 .

Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a

Power arrangement 1 with a second exemplary embodiment of a control device 3.

Elements that are the same and have the same function are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures, so that reference is made to the previous description in each case.

In this exemplary embodiment, the control device 3 itself is designed as a control device 11, in particular a motor controller 15, for the direct, in particular immediate, control of the internal combustion engine 5. In particular, the control device 3 is set up to to calculate an energization duration BD for controlling the injectors of the internal combustion engine 5 by means of a calculation element 28 from the total default variable 26 calculated internally by the control device 3, in particular the setpoint torque M _so// .

3 shows a schematic detailed representation of the first exemplary embodiment of the power arrangement 1. The control device 3 is preferably set up to filter a current actual power P _actual of the generator 9 in a power filter 19, and the filtered actual power P _actual as the detected one generator power P _G to use. According to a preferred embodiment, the power filter 19 is a PT ₁ filter or an average filter.

The control device 3 _is also preferably set up to filter an instantaneous actual frequency f actual of the generator 9 in a frequency filter 21, and the filtered actual frequency f _is to be used as the detected generator frequency f _G . According to a preferred embodiment, the frequency filter 21 is a PT ₁ filter or an average filter. In a preferred embodiment, the frequency filter 21 _is also set up to limit the instantaneous actual frequency f actual or the filtered actual frequency f actual _downwards , in particular to a predetermined minimum frequency. However, the generator frequency can also be limited elsewhere in the control device 3 . In particular, it is possible for a corresponding limitation to be carried out only for the pilot control module 22 or in the pilot control module 22 .

The pilot control module 22 is set up in particular to calculate the third default variable 24 using equation (1) (here with ).

The control device 3 is set up in particular to add the first default variable 16, the second default variable 20 and the third default variable 24 to the overall default variable 26.

In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the control device 3 is designed as a higher-level generator controller 12 . The control device 11 designed as a motor controller 15 is set up to determine, in particular to calculate, a maximum setpoint torque in particular as a function of at least one motor variable of the internal combustion engine 5, in particular of its current speed and the current charge air pressure, and in order to transmit the maximum setpoint torque to the control device 3. the Control device 3 is set up in particular to the maximum target torque of the Control device 11 to receive. Power controller 14 is set up to reduce first default variable 16 and preferably its integral component to maximum setpoint torque to limit. The frequency controller 18 is preferably set up to limit the second default variable 20, preferably its integral component, to the maximum setpoint torque.

The control device 3 is set up in particular to determine a setpoint torque as the first default variable 16 , the second default variable 20 and the third default variable 24 .

In particular, power controller 14 is set up to assign a power setpoint torque as first default variable 16 as a function of power control deviation e _P determine. The frequency controller 18 is set up to supply a frequency setpoint torque as the second default value 20 as a function of the frequency control deviation _ef determine. The pre-control module 22 is set up to the pre-control target torque as the third default size 24 to determine. The control device 3 is set up to

Power target torque , the frequency target torque and the pre-control target torque to be combined with one another to form the total target torque M _so// as the total default variable 26, in particular to be added.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic detailed representation of the second exemplary embodiment of the power arrangement 1. The mode of operation of the control device 3, which is designed as a motor controller 15 in this exemplary embodiment, is the same as the mode of operation of the control device 3 explained in connection with Figure 3, although the duration of the current supply BD is set directly in the control device 3 is calculated from the setpoint torque M _{so //} , that is to say from the overall preset variable 26 , by means of a calculation element 28 . In addition, the maximum setpoint torque is available or becomes available directly in the control device 3 calculated by them themselves.

5 shows a schematic detailed illustration of the control device 3. In particular, the mode of operation of the power controller 14, the frequency controller 18 and the pilot control module 22 is shown. The mode of operation is shown in a time-discrete representation, with the sampling steps being designated by a running index. The index value of the running index indicated by k corresponds to an instantaneous sampling step. The index value indicated by kl correspondingly indicates the sampling step immediately before the sampling step indicated by k.

The control algorithms for the power controller 14 and the frequency controller 18 are designed as PI controllers. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for at least one of the controllers, selected from the power controller 14 and the frequency controller 18, to be designed as a PID controller or as a PI(DT ₁ ) controller.

The power _controller 14 calculates the power control deviation e _P (k) from the target generator power P set (k) and the detected generator power P _G (k) in the current sampling step k, and from this a power proportional component by the power

Deviation e _P (k) is multiplied by a first performance constant. The first Performance constant f is preferably equal to a preferred parameterizable, ie Predeterminable power proportional coefficient. The power controller 14 also calculates a power integral term using the trapezoidal rule for integration, by adding the power control deviation e _P (k) of the current sampling step k to the power control deviation e _P (kl) of the previous sampling step k-1, the sum formed in this way being multiplied by a second power constant, the so formed product is added to the one sampling step τ _a delayed, preceding power integral component M, and the turn so formed sum after is limited above to the maximum target torque. The power calculated in this way integral part M is added to the power proportional component, where the sum formed in this way is in turn limited upwards to the maximum target torque will. This results in the first default variable 16, here the setpoint torque of the power regulator 14.

The second power constant is preferably given by: with the configurable power proportional coefficient, the time width τ _a one sampling step, and the configurable reset time τ _N .

The frequency _controller 18 calculates the frequency control deviation e _f (k) from the setpoint generator frequency f set (k) and the detected generator frequency f _G (k) in the current sampling step k, and from this a frequency proportional component in which the frequency

Control deviation e _f (k) is multiplied by a first frequency constant. The first Frequency constant is preferably equal to a preferred parameterizable, ie Predeterminable frequency proportional coefficient. The frequency controller 18 also calculates a frequency integral part using the trapezoidal rule for integration by adding the frequency error e _f (k) of the current sampling step k to the frequency error e _f (kl) of the previous sampling step k-1, the sum thus formed having a second frequency -Constant is multiplied, the so formed product is added to the one sampling step τ _a delayed, preceding frequency integral component, and the turn so formed sum after is limited above to the maximum target torque. The frequency controller 18 adds the so calculated frequency integral part to the frequency proportional component and in turn limits the sum formed in this way upwards to the maximum setpoint torque This then results in the second default variable 20, here the target torque of the frequency controller 18.

The second frequency constant is preferably given by: with the configurable frequency proportional coefficient , the time width τ _a one sampling step, and the configurable reset time τ _N . The pilot control module 22 is preferably set up to limit the detected generator frequency f _G (k) to a predetermined minimum frequency f _min by means of a limiting element 30, with the limiting element 30 using, in particular, the maximum from the detected generator frequency f G,b (k) as the limited detected generator frequency f _G,b (k). Generator frequency f _G (k) and the predetermined minimum frequency f _min selects and forwards. The reciprocal of the limited detected generator frequency f _G,b (k) is then calculated in a reciprocal value element 32, and this reciprocal value is used in a first multiplication element 34 with a target generator power variable, in which here illustrated embodiment with the target generator power P set (k) _, multiplied. The product calculated in this way is then multiplied by the predetermined, constant pre-factor F in a second multiplication element 36, from which the third preset variable 24 results as pre-control setpoint torque. Thus, the calculation of the third default value 24 takes place in

Substantially according to equation (1), with the limited detected generator frequency f _G,b (k) being used as the detected generator frequency f _G (k) in a preferred embodiment. However, it is also possible for the detected generator frequency f _G (k) to be used directly. It is also possible for the generator frequency not to be limited in the pre-control module 22, in which case the pre-control module 22 then receives the limited detected generator frequency f _G,b (k) as an input variable.

The pilot control module 22 is therefore set up in particular to set the third default variable 24 based on the target generator power variable and the detected generator frequency f _G (k). determine.

The pilot control module 22 is set up, in particular, to calculate the third default variable 24 by using the target generator power variable is divided by the detected generator frequency f _G (k), the quotient thus obtained being multiplied by the predetermined, constant pre-factor F.

Control device 3 is also set up to combine, in particular to add, first specified variable 16, second specified variable 20 and third specified variable 24 to form overall specified variable 26, i.e. to Frequency setpoint torque and the pre-control setpoint torque for the total

Target torque M _is (k) to combine, in particular to add. Fig. 6 shows a schematic detailed representation of a third exemplary embodiment of the power arrangement 1 with a third exemplary embodiment of a control device 3.

In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 6, 7 and 8, the control device 3 is designed as a control device 11, in particular as a motor controller 15. However, the configurations of the control device 3 illustrated in these figures can also be implemented in an exemplary embodiment of the control device 3 which is designed as a superordinate generator controller 12 . The technical teaching of FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 is therefore not limited to the specific configuration of the control device 3 as a control device 11 or motor controller 15.

In the third exemplary embodiment of control device 3 according to FIG. 6, power controller 14 is set up _to use a first computing element 38 with a differential transmission behavior to calculate a first default variable additional term 40, in particular a dynamic power setpoint torque, from setpoint generator power P setpoint Calculate and calculate the first default value additional term 40 with a first default value 42 calculated by the power controller 14, in particular a static power setpoint torque, in order to calculate the first default value 16, in particular the power to obtain the target torque.

In particular, the arithmetic unit 3 is set up to add the first default variable additional term 40 to the previous default variable 42 in order to obtain the first default variable 16 . In the exemplary embodiment illustrated here, the first arithmetic element 38 is a DT ₁ element. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the first computing element 38 to be designed as a D element in another exemplary embodiment.

The setpoint power P setpoint _is thus amplified by the first arithmetic element 38 and--in the exemplary embodiment shown here--additively superimposed on the previous preset variable 42. In this way, the control device 3 has in particular an improved, in particular more dynamic, load shifting behavior. The embodiment shown here has the advantage, in particular compared to an embodiment in which the power controller 14 has an overall PI(DT ₁ ) characteristic, that only the target power P setpoint _is amplified and not the power control deviation e _P . If a power regulator 14 were used instead, which has a PI(DT ₁ ) characteristic overall, the dynamics of the power regulation would depend on the design of the power filter 19 . If, for example, a PT ₁ power filter with a small time constant T ₁ were selected, this, in combination with the PI(DT ₁ ) characteristic of the power controller 14, would result in a delayed adaptation to a sudden change in the target generator power P _setpoint . The detected generator power P _G is subtracted from this, which then also changes rapidly when the load changes, in particular fed from the reserve of kinetic energy, in particular rotational energy, of the system made up of the generator 9, the clutch 7 and the internal combustion engine 5 Actual generator power P _is quasi-instantaneous to an electrical load change. The setpoint generator power P setpoint and the detected generator power P _G thus change with the same direction of action, so that the power change _is only mapped to a lesser extent in the power control deviation e _P . The delay resulting from this is advantageously _avoided if--as shown in FIG.

The first computing element 38 preferably has the following transfer function: with a factor K ₁ , the lead time T _V and the delay time T ₁ . The first computing element 38 is only transiently or dynamically effective, ie only in the event of a load change. The default variable additional term 40 also changes suddenly in the event of a sudden change in load and then finally decays to the value zero. In the stationary state, the additional term 40 of the specified variable is equal to zero. The speed with which additional term 40 of specified variable decays depends on the design of delay time T ₁ . The factor K ₁ is used in particular to convert the physical unit of the input variable, ie the setpoint generator power P setpoint _, into the physical unit of the output variable, ie the additional term 40 of the preset variable, in particular a torque. Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a power arrangement 1 with a fourth exemplary embodiment of a control device 3.

In this fourth exemplary embodiment of the control device 3, the pilot control module 22 is set up to derive from the setpoint generator power variable, here the setpoint generator power P setpoint _, and the detected generator frequency f _G to calculate a second precursor default variable 44, in particular a static pilot control setpoint torque, and to calculate the third default variable

24, namely the pre-control setpoint torque as a dynamic pre-control setpoint torque to be calculated from the second precursor specification variable 44 by means of a second arithmetic element 46 having a proportional and differential transfer behavior.

In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the second arithmetic element 46 is in the form of a (PD)T ₁ element, with the following transfer function: with the lead time T _V and the delay time T ₁ . In the stationary case for 5=0, the dynamic pre-control setpoint torque is thus ⁿ identical to the static pre-control setpoint torque l. In the dynamic case for s ≠ 0, the static pre-control setpoint torque amplified using a (PD)T ₁ characteristic that is stationary with delay time T ₁ decays to gain 1.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic representation of a fifth exemplary embodiment of a power arrangement 1 with a fifth exemplary embodiment of a control device 3.

In this exemplary embodiment, the pilot control module 22 is set up to calculate the target generator output variable, in particular as a dynamic target generator output, from the Set generator power P set _{to be} calculated by means of a third arithmetic unit 48 having a proportional and differential transfer behavior. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated here, the third arithmetic element 48 is in the form of a (PD)T ₁ element, with the transfer function according to equation (9). In the stationary case for 5=0, the setpoint generator variable _is therefore identical to the setpoint generator power P setpoint . in the In the dynamic case for s ≠ 0, the target generator power P set _is amplified using a (PD)T ₁ characteristic, which decays to amplification 1 in a stationary manner with the delay time T ₁ .

Advantageously _, changes in the setpoint generator power P setpoint are amplified with the aid of the third arithmetic element 48 and not—as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 – changes in the quotient of the setpoint generator power P _setpoint divided by the detected generator frequency f _G . In this configuration according to FIG. 7, the amplifying effect of the (PD)T ₁ element is either weakened or amplified, depending on the direction in which the detected generator frequency f _G is moving at the moment of load switching. In contrast, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, the amplifying effect of the (PD)T ₁ element is advantageously independent of the detected generator frequency f _G .

FIG. 9 shows a schematic, diagrammatic representation of the functioning of a method for controlling a power arrangement 1. In particular, six time diagrams are shown here.

A first time diagram at a) shows the course over time of the setpoint generator power P set as a solid curve _, and the course over time of the detected generator power P _G as a dashed curve. At a first point in time t ₁ , the setpoint generator power P setpoint jumps _to a first power value P ₁ and is then identical to this value. The—filtered—detected generator power P _G increases from the first point in time t ₁ and finally reaches the setpoint generator power P _setpoint at a third point in time t ₃ .

A third time diagram at c) shows the time course of the first default variable 16, namely the power setpoint torque, i.e. the output variable of the power controller 14. Assuming a PI characteristic for the power controller 14, the power target torque increases suddenly at the first point in time t ₁ to a first power Torque value M ₁ , which corresponds to the proportional component of the power controller 14 at this point in time. As a result, the target power torque sounds up to the third Time t ₃ from a simplified perspective to the value 0 Nm, since at this time the power control deviation e _p is also identical to 0 kW and the total default variable 26 as a manipulated variable largely results from the pre-control, so that the integral component of the power controller 14 after the third point in time t ₃ is approximately identical to 0 kW.

A fourth time diagram at d) shows the course of the frequency setpoint torque over time in the form of a dashed first curve K1 for the case of static pilot control, and in the form of a solid second curve K2 for the case of dynamic pilot control.

A fifth time diagram at e) shows the progression over time of the static pilot control target torque as a solid curve, and the progression over time of the dynamic

Pre-control setpoint torque as a dashed curve. The static pre-control target torque jumps to a second pilot torque value M ₂ at the first point in time t ₁ , which is calculated according to equation (1); in particular:

The - filtered - detected generator frequency f _G is assumed to be constant for the sake of simplicity, so that the static pre-control target torque in the sequence on the constant second pilot torque value M ₂ remains. At the first point in time t ₁ , the dynamic pre-control target torque jumps to a third pre-control Torque value M3 and then subsides until it settles at a second point in time t ₂ to the value of the static pilot setpoint torque. The third pre-tax

Torque value M ₃ and the decay time depend on the lead time T _V and the delay time T ₁ .

A sixth time diagram at f) shows the progression over time of the overall default value 26, i.e. the target torque M set _, namely once in the form of a solid fourth curve K4 without dynamic pre-control, i.e. with static pre-control, and once in the form a dashed third curve K3 with dynamic pilot control. In the case of static pre-control, the overall default 26 jumps to the first

Time t ₁ to a fourth pilot torque value M ₄ , for which the following applies:

At this point in time, the frequency setpoint torque is still identical to 0 Nm, since the recorded Generator frequency f _G still with the target generator frequency f _is identical. As a result, the overall preset variable 26 decays and at a sixth point in time t ₆ is at the second pre-control torque value M ₂ of the static pre-control setpoint torque settled. The transient process is only complete when the generator frequency has also settled. For this reason, the overall preset variable 26 has stabilized at a later point in time than the power setpoint torque.

If a dynamic pre-control is used, then the total preset variable 26 jumps to a fifth pre-control torque value M ₅ at the first point in time t ₁ :

As a result, the overall preset variable 26 decays and at a seventh point in time t ₇ is at the second pre-control torque value M ₂ of the static pre-control setpoint torque settled.

A second time diagram at b) shows the progression over time of the instantaneous actual generator frequency f _act as a dashed curve for the case of static pilot control and as a solid curve for the case of dynamic pilot control. In addition, the desired generator frequency f desired , which is assumed to be constant for the purpose of simplification _{, is} also drawn in as a dot-dash horizontal line.

In the case of dynamic pilot control, the actual generator frequency f actual drops only _up to a first frequency f ₁ , ie only by a first differential value Δf ₁ . In this case, the actual generator frequency f actual _has already settled at the sixth point in time t ₆ to the setpoint generator frequency f _setpoint . In the case of static pilot control, on the other hand, the actual generator frequency f _act drops down to a second, lower frequency value f ₂ , i.e. by a second, larger differential value Δf ₂ , and only reaches the setpoint generator frequency f at the seventh point in time t ₇ _should settle down.

The second timing diagram thus shows that the use of dynamic pre-control leads to a reduction in the frequency drop in the generator frequency and to a reduction in the settling time.

Claims

EXPECTATIONS

1. Control device (3) for controlling an internal combustion engine (5) and a generator (9) which is drive-connected to the internal combustion engine (5) and comprises a power arrangement (1), wherein

- The control device (3) has a power controller (14) which is set up to

- to record a generator power (P _G ) of the generator (9) as a controlled variable,

- To determine a power control deviation (e _P ) as the difference between the detected generator power (P _G ) and a target generator power (P set ) _, and

- To determine a first default variable (16) as a function of the power control deviation (e _P ), wherein

- The control device (3) also has a frequency controller (18) which is set up to

- to detect a generator frequency (f _G ) of the generator (9) as a controlled variable,

- To determine a frequency control deviation (ef) as the difference between the detected generator frequency ( _f _G ) and a setpoint generator frequency (f set ) _, and

- To determine a second default variable (20) as a function of the frequency control deviation ( _ef ), wherein

- The control device (3) also has a pilot control module (22) which is set up to determine a third default variable (24), wherein

- The control device (3) is set up to combine the first default variable (16), the second default variable (20) and the third default variable (24) with one another to form an overall default variable (26), and to

- To use the overall default variable (26) for controlling the internal combustion engine (5).

2. Control device (3) according to claim 1, wherein the control device (3) is set up to combine the first default variable (16), the second default variable (20) and the third default variable (24) to form the overall default variable (26). add.

3. Control device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the

Pilot control module (22) is set up to set the third default variable (24) based on a setpoint generator power size and preferably the detected generator frequency ( f _G ).

4. Control device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device (3) is set up to determine a target torque as the first default variable (16), second default variable (20) and third default variable (24).

5. Control device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the power controller (14) is set up to determine a power setpoint torque as the first default variable (16) as a function of the power control deviation (e _P ), the frequency controller (18) is set up to determine a frequency setpoint torque as the second default variable (20) as a function of the frequency control deviation ( _ef ), and wherein that Pilot control module (22) is set up to a pilot target torque as the third To determine the default variable (24), and wherein the control device (3) is set up to set the power setpoint torque, the frequency setpoint torque and the pilot control Set torque together _to form a total set torque (M set ) as the total default size (26) to combine.

6. Control device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pilot control module (22) is set up to calculate the third default variable (24) by dividing the target generator power variable by the detected generator frequency (f _G ), the quotient thus obtained being multiplied by a predetermined, constant prefactor (F).

7. Control device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the

control device (3)

- As a control device (11) for direct control of the internal combustion engine (5), or

- Is designed as a generator controller (12), in particular with an interface to a control device (11) of the internal combustion engine (5).

8. Control device (3) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the power controller (14) is set up _to calculate a first default variable additional term (40) from the setpoint generator power (P setpoint ) by means of a first computing element (38) having a differential transmission behavior. to calculate, and to calculate the first default variable additional term (40) with a first default variable (42) calculated by the power controller (14), in particular to add it to the first default variable (42) in order to calculate the first default variable (16th ) to obtain.

9. Control device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pilot control module (22) is set up to from the target generator power variable and the detected generator frequency (f _G ) to calculate a second preset variable (44), and to calculate the third preset variable (24) from the second preset precursor variable (44) by means of a second arithmetic element (46) having a proportional and differential transfer behavior.

10. Control device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pilot control module (22) is set up to calculate the target generator power variable from the target to calculate generator power (P _desired ) by means of a third arithmetic element (48) having a proportional and differential transfer behavior.

11. Control arrangement (13) for controlling a power arrangement (1) comprising an internal combustion engine (5) and a generator (9) which is drive-operatedly connected to the internal combustion engine (5), with a control device (3) designed as a generator controller (12) according to one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein the control arrangement (13) has a control device (11) that is operatively connected to the control device (3) for direct activation of the internal combustion engine (5), and wherein the control device (3) is set up to to be handed over to the control device (11).

12. Power arrangement (1) with an internal combustion engine (5) and with the internal combustion engine (5) drive operatively connected generator (9), and with a control device (3) according to one of claims 1 to 10, or with a control arrangement (13) according to Claim 11, wherein the control device (3) or the control arrangement (13) is operatively connected to the internal combustion engine (5) and the generator (9) of the power arrangement (1).

13. A method for controlling an internal combustion engine (5) and a generator (9) that is drive-connected to the internal combustion engine (5) and comprises a power arrangement (1), wherein

- A generator power (P _G ) of the generator (9) is recorded as a controlled variable,

- A power control deviation (e _P ) as the difference between the detected generator power (P _G ) and a target generator power (P target ) _is determined, wherein

- A first default variable (16) as a function of the power control deviation (e _P ) is determined, wherein

- A generator frequency (f _G ) of the generator (9) is detected as a controlled variable, wherein

- A frequency control deviation (ef) as the difference between the detected generator frequency ( _f _G ) and a target generator frequency (f target ) _is determined, wherein

- A second default variable (20) as a function of the frequency deviation ( _ef ) is determined, wherein

- A third default variable (24) is determined, wherein

- The first specification (16), the second specification (20) and the third specification (24) are offset against one another to form an overall specification (26), and wherein

- The overall default variable (26) for controlling the internal combustion engine (5) is used.