EP3381858B1 - Temporary elevator designed from a kit - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a temporary elevator made from a kit.

Freight lifts are used to transport materials. In the context of the present proposal, a temporary elevator is an elevator that is not operated permanently at a specific location. In contrast to, for example, mobile freight lifts, which are mounted on chassis and are known, for example, as roofing lifts or the like, in the context of the present proposal an elevator is referred to as a temporary freight elevator, which is erected on site for a certain period of time and then not as one mobile goods lift is moved to another place of use, but rather is dismantled, so that this kit can then be reassembled at another place of use and the goods lift can be used there again for a certain operating time.

From the US 1,853,085 A. , which represents the closest prior art, a temporary elevator made from a kit is known.

From the DE 20 2016 106 594 U1 an elevator is known in which a vertically movable load basket has cantilevers which extend into the grooves of upright rails.

From the US 5,579,865 A a temporary elevator is known in which a height-movable platform has a frame formed from metallic tubes.

From the US 1,398,216 A A safety device for lifts is known in which locking elements are arranged on a load basket and the supports of the elevator have a special profile. A fitting connects the locking elements with the rope on which the load basket hangs. Against the action of springs, the locking elements are pulled together by means of the rope, the weight of the load basket ensuring the rope tension or rope force with which the rope acts on the fitting. If the rope breaks, this rope force is lost and the locking elements are pressed outwards by the spring force so that they engage in the special profile of the supports.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a temporary elevator formed from a kit which can also be used for the transport of people and which has the highest possible level of security in an economical manner.

This object is achieved by an elevator according to claim 1. Advantageous refinements are described in the subclaims.

Due to the limited, but often repeatable useful life, as e.g. B. is advantageous for use on several construction sites, the proposed elevator is often referred to below as a freight elevator. However, it can also be used as a passenger elevator especially because it is equipped with suitable safety equipment.

The invention proposes to design the kit as a plug-in system with metallic tubes. On the one hand, a platform is provided which can be set up on an appropriately stable surface and from which a tower extends upwards. Both the platform and the tower can be dismantled in that the platform has at least two frame parts that can be separated from one another and the tower has a plurality of supports, which in turn each have a plurality of plug-in support parts arranged one above the other. Due to the fact that they can be dismantled, these basic components of the goods lift can be reduced to such small dimensions that they can be loaded onto a pallet, for example, and thus can also be transported to their intended location in comparatively small transport vehicles.

The supports of the tower are set up at a distance from one another and between the supports there is a load cage that can be moved vertically. In order to guide it reliably, guide rails are provided on the support parts of the supports, which are designed as profile strips with a longitudinal groove. A boom of the load basket extends into this groove, so that in this way the load basket is guided in the horizontal direction, while it can be moved in the upright direction.

In order to move the load basket in an upright direction, a motor-driven cable winch is provided, so that hydraulic rams or the like can be dispensed with and a particularly reliable, robust design of the freight elevator is ensured. This can advantageously be an electric motor-driven winch, because the electrical power supply is guaranteed at all usual and typical places of use of the freight elevator, and can otherwise can be easily ensured by a mobile generator.

The connection of the individual frame parts of the platform or the individual support parts of the tower supports to one another takes place in the form of a plug-in connection in that the frame parts or support parts are designed as metallic tubes.

A particularly simple handling during the assembly or disassembly of the freight elevator can be made possible by the fact that the metal pipes mentioned are designed as square pipes. Securing elements, such as split pins, locking screws or the like, which extend through the plug connections, can be installed particularly easily and in a short time in this way, since, in contrast to, for example, circular tubes, the shape of the square tubes represents an anti-rotation device, so that mutually aligned bores Align each other reliably when fitting the pipes. The plug connection can advantageously be brought about in that the square tubes have inner tubes at the connection points, which extend partially into one tube. The inner tubes can be in the form of components that can be handled separately, or enable particularly rapid construction progress by fixing them at one end in an outer tube by screwing or welding or the like, with a protrusion of the inner tube protruding from the tube in question, so that a adjacent metallic tube can be plugged onto this protrusion and the protrusion of the inner tube is received in the inner cavity of the second metallic tube.

Commercially available semi-finished products can be used as tubes, for example as the aforementioned square tubes, so that the freight elevator can be manufactured economically and inexpensively. Especially if for the creation of the connector no special tubes deformed at the end are used, but the inner tubes mentioned, and if the plug connection is secured by a screw connection, frame elements or support parts of the freight elevator can be inexpensively created from commercially available semi-finished products.

The plug connection can advantageously be secured by means of a screw connection which extends transversely through the tubes which are inserted into one another. The fact that a tool is required to loosen the screw connection protects the plug connection against unintentional loosening, which could otherwise not be ruled out in the case of fuses which can be operated without tools, for example in the case of resilient split pins, resilient snap closures or the like.

The platform can advantageously have a square frame which is placed on the ground. A leveling screw is arranged on at least one of the four corners, so that the frame can be placed on the surface without play and is protected against wobbling. Particularly advantageously, however, leveling screws can be provided at all four corners, so that the frame can not only be placed securely on the ground, but can also be reliably leveled, that is to say can be leveled. The leveling screw is provided with a base plate at the lower end, so that the weight load or support load with which the leveling screw is supported on the ground is distributed over a larger area compared to the cross-sectional area of the leveling screw itself, for example compared to the shaft of the leveling screw . Even later, when the goods lift has been put into operation, corrections can be made with the leveling screws if the surface is e.g. B. should put.

The tower can advantageously be braced with the aid of crossbars, such a crossbar extending from a first to an adjacent second support of the tower. The stiffening of the tower by means of the crossbar can be achieved particularly effectively by the fact that the crossbar not only connects to a support part of a support, but is connected to the two adjacent support parts in both supports which the crossbar connects, so that one is as possible Low-play composite of these four support parts is created by means of the crossbar.

The cable winch can advantageously be arranged in the lower region of the freight elevator, so that the assembly of the freight elevator is facilitated since the cable winch and the drive motor do not have to be raised to a great height. Rather, a deflection fitting is arranged at the top of the tower, so that the rope is guided from below, namely from the cable winch upwards to the deflection fitting and runs from the deflection fitting to the load basket.

Such a deflection fitting can advantageously have a so-called center bolt, which extends namely over the center of the tower cross section and which carries two deflection rollers: a first deflection roller is referred to as an outer roller because it is located outside the cross-sectional area of the tower, where the load basket is located - and moves downwards. From the cable winch, the cable runs essentially perpendicular to this first deflection roller, namely the outer roller of the deflection fitting. The rope then runs essentially horizontally from the outer pulley to a second deflecting pulley, which is referred to as the inner pulley, since it is located centrally within the tower cross section, namely centrally above the load basket. From there, the rope runs to the load basket so that it engages in the center over the base of the load basket.

Advantageously, the guide rails, which are provided for the load basket on the supports or the individual support parts, have grooves which have an undercut in their groove cross section, in which case the arms of the load basket initially have a comparatively narrow so-called neck and then, on their outer end, each have a head that is received in the undercut of the groove.

The guide rails can advantageously have a plastic profile, which is provided with the groove and which ensures low-friction running of the cantilevers in the guide rails. To reinforce the plastic profile and as mechanical protection, such a plastic profile can be arranged in a metallic profile rail, for example in a U-shaped metal profile.

The cable winch can advantageously be mounted on a support frame which in turn can be screwed to the supports or the platform of the goods lift. This support frame ensures the correct positioning of the cable winch in the manner of a console, so that it is arranged outside the movement space of the load basket.

The proposed temporary elevator can be used as a freight elevator on construction sites, so that in the context of the present proposal the elevator is always referred to as a freight elevator. However, it can also be used as a temporary passenger elevator if the appropriate safety devices are provided, e.g. Railings or protective plates at the prescribed height. For example, workers can reach the different levels of a building shell in a time-saving manner.

The proposed temporary freight elevator can also be built inside a building. For example be provided to provide the individual floor ceilings with aligned recesses one above the other within a shell. Composite irons, which are anchored in the surrounding floor ceiling, are bent downward in the area of the cutouts, for example, so that the cutout is freely passable. The temporary freight elevator can now be erected, with its tower extending through these recesses arranged one above the other, for example over part of the building height, or over the entire height, or even up to and above the building height. When the freight elevator has been dismantled after use, the composite iron can be bent back horizontally, the recesses are then shuttered and poured with concrete, so that a monolithic, continuous floor ceiling is created without the previously existing recess.

The proposed elevator, which was previously primarily intended as a freight elevator, can be technically expanded or improved so that it can also be used for the transportation of people and has the highest possible level of security. For this purpose, it is proposed according to the present invention to provide fall protection.

The present proposal uses the construction of the tower from supports and crossbars: The fall protection system has a spring-loaded locking bar that is held against the spring action in a driving position in which it enables the lift cage to be moved. The load basket moves within a clearance profile in the tower. If, for example, the rope breaks, on which the load basket hangs, the effect with which the locking bar is held in its driving position by the rope against the spring action lapses. Spring-loaded, the locking bolt is now moved from its driving position into a locking position in which the locking bolt protrudes beyond the clearance profile. The load basket can now fall down over a certain distance, but is caught on the next crossbars, since the locking bar comes to rest against these crossbars. Due to the construction of the tower, the drop height of the freight elevator is limited where obstacles to the locking bolt limit the clearance profile. In the simplest case, the crossbars are used for this, as already mentioned, so that no additional elements are required in the construction of the elevator that would be provided specifically as stops for the locking bars.

If, for example, the vertical supports of the tower are assembled from individual support parts and a crossbar is always provided in the connection area of two support parts, the length of the support parts and thus, as it were, the height of the tower level determines the distance at which the individual crossbars are arranged and thus also the maximum drop height of the load basket. On the basis of this maximum drop height and the maximum permissible total weight of the load basket including its load capacity, the construction of both the crossbars and the locking bolts can be calculated in such a way that the load basket can be reliably intercepted by means of the locking bolts after this maximum drop height and a further fall of the load basket downwards is thus prevented.

The locking bolt can be pivoted, for example, or can be movable in another way between its driving and locking positions. It can advantageously be provided that the locking bolt is designed as part of a telescopic linkage and can accordingly be moved linearly. In this way, not only is rapid mobility and thus a very short reaction time of the locking bolt ensured, but also a minimal free space for the movement of the locking bolt is required compared to, for example, a pivoting movement, so that due to this minimally required movement space In addition to the rapid mobility, there is also the advantage that this movement can be carried out with a high degree of security, since the probability that interference elements can protrude into this movement space is correspondingly reduced due to the small movement space.

In such a telescope design, it can advantageously be provided that the locking bar is designed as an inner part of the telescopic linkage and an outer part of the telescopic linkage is designed as a tube that receives the locking bar, so that in its driving position the locking bar is at least partially and possibly entirely immersed in this tube. With this arrangement, the tube provides excellent protection for the locking bolt, for example against dirt, which could otherwise impair the free movement of the locking bolt in use. In addition, the tube enables secure guidance and a secure hold for the locking bar when it is in its locked position, the tube in turn being able to be reliably attached to the load cage of the elevator, for example being welded to other components of the load cage.

It can advantageously be provided that the rope does not act directly on the locking bolt, but rather is firmly connected to the receiving fitting of the load basket. Rather, a tension element runs from the rope to the locking bar, so that the tension bar keeps the locking bar in its driving position by means of this tension element. The weight of the load basket tightens the rope and, accordingly, the locking bar is held in its driving position against the action of the spring by means of the tension element. It is provided that the tension element connects to the cable at a distance from the connection fitting of the load basket. If the rope breaks, the rope is accordingly no longer held taut between the connecting fitting and the point where the tension element connects to the rope and the tension element can accordingly approach the connection fitting of the load basket with deformation of the rope, so that accordingly greater mobility is imparted on the locking bar and this is then moved from its driving position into the locking position with the aid of spring force.

It can advantageously be provided that the tension element is designed as a safety rope. Instead of using a lever arrangement or similar rigid elements, a particularly space-saving, light and inexpensive way of actuating the locking bolt can be created by means of a rope. The fact that this rope is referred to as a safety rope also expresses the fact that this rope serving as a pulling element can be designed differently from the rope which runs from the winch to the load basket and is used for the up and down movement of the load basket. For example, the safety rope can be dimensioned weaker, because on the one hand it does not have to take up the entire load of the load basket, and on the other hand it is a self-locking system: If the safety rope fails and breaks, the locking bar is no longer held in its driving position against the spring force, but is automatically brought out into its locked position by the spring force, so that the load cage of the elevator assumes a safe state in this way.

It can advantageously be provided that the elevator has not only one but a plurality of locking bolts, that is to say at least two, wherein it is preferably provided that two locking bolts are arranged opposite one another. In this way, tilting moments are avoided when the load basket goes down and the two locking bolts at the same time and opposite one another against corresponding obstacles, such as. B. strike the mentioned crossbars of the tower. The avoidance of such tilting forces prevents the load basket from sloping, which on the one hand transported for those in the load basket Load, possibly people, is advantageous, but also protects the load basket itself and the tower from damage that could otherwise be caused by the load basket tipping over when braking, when the locking bolts hit their stops.

Fig. 1

eine Ansicht von oben auf die Plattform und den Lastenkorb eines als temporärer Lastenaufzug ausgestalteten Aufzugs,

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht, teilweise geschnitten, auf den Aufzug von Fig.1,

Fig. 3

einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 2 in einem größeren Maßstab,

Fig. 4

den oberen Abschluss des Aufzugs während der Montage und nach Fertigstellung,

Fig. 5

eine vereinfachte und teilweise weggebrochene Seitenansicht auf einen als Personenaufzug ausgestalteten Aufzug, der mit einer Absturzsicherung versehen ist,

Fig. 6

in gegenüber Fig. 5 vergrößertem Maßstab den Bereich der Absturzsicherung, und

Fig. 7

in gegenüber Fig. 6 wiederum vergrößertem Maßstab eine schematische Ansicht, teilweise geschnitten, auf die Absturzsicherung im Bereich eines Sperrriegels.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below on the basis of the purely schematic representations. It shows

Fig. 1

a view from above of the platform and the load basket of an elevator designed as a temporary freight elevator,

Fig. 2

a side view, partially in section, of the elevator of Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 3

a cutout Fig. 2 on a larger scale,

Fig. 4

the upper end of the elevator during assembly and after completion,

Fig. 5

a simplified and partially broken side view of an elevator designed as a passenger elevator, which is provided with a fall protection,

Fig. 6

in opposite Fig. 5 enlarged scale the area of fall protection, and

Fig. 7

in opposite Fig. 6 again enlarged scale, a schematic view, partly in section, of the fall protection in the area of a locking bolt.

In the drawings, 1 indicates a total of a temporary elevator, which is composed of a kit and serves as a freight elevator.

Fig. 1 shows a platform 2, which is designed in the form of an essentially square frame and has two frame parts 3 and 4, which adjoin one another at a separation point 5.

The two frame parts 4 and 5 have metallic tubes 6, which are each arranged in a U-shape and inserted into one another at separation points 5, so that a rectangular frame is obtained, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is square.

The tubes 6 consist of square steel tubes with an outer edge length of 60 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm. In the area of the separation points 5, the tubes 6 are connected to one another by inner tubes 7, which are also designed as steel tubes, with a square cross section, an edge length of 55 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm. The inner tubes 7 can be screwed to both frame parts 3 and 4. In favor of faster work progress, however, it is provided that they are fixedly mounted in one of the two frame parts 3 or 4, and that they are only inserted into the other frame part 4 or 3 in the tube 6 there and secured by a screw connection, which extends across the tube 6 in question and the inner tube 7.

In the area of the four corners of the platform 2, base plates 8 are arranged, with which the platform 2 is supported on the ground. For this purpose, a leveling screw 9 is provided in each foot plate 8, so that the entire platform 2 can be aligned horizontally by means of the leveling screws 9. Fig. 2 shows that the leveling screws 9 are each provided with a bottom plate 10 at their lower end.

The tubes 6 extend beyond the base plates 8 to the outside, where from Fig. 2 visible rollers 11 enable the platform 2 to be moved before the platform 2 is set up in a stationary manner and leveled by means of the leveling screws 9.

Fig. 1 shows that an upright support 12 is arranged in the area of the four corners of the platform 2. Fig. 2 shows that each support 12 consists of several superimposed Support parts 14 is formed. Like the frame of the platform 2, each support part 14 is formed from metallic tubes 6. A guide rail 15, which has a groove 16 that extends over the entire length of the guide rail 15 and is provided with an undercut, runs next to each such tube 6.

The connection principle of the described plug-in system with outer tubes 6 and inner tubes 7 is applied at several points of the temporary elevator 1. Regardless of whether the tubes 6, which are used on the one hand for the platform 2 and on the other hand for the supports 12, are configured differently or not, they are identified with the same reference number 6 in the present description for the sake of simplicity. For example, it can be provided that the wall thickness of the tubes 6 used for the supports 12 is 3 mm larger than the wall thickness of 2 mm of the tubes 6 used for the platform 2. In adaptation to this, the inner tubes 7 used for the connection are also designed differently . Accordingly, the inner tubes 7 are always identified with the same reference number 7 in the present description, regardless of whether they are configured differently or not.

A load basket 17 is arranged between the supports 12, that is to say within the area surrounded by the four supports 12. This has a U-shaped, demountable support bracket 18, which is formed from a plurality of tubes 6 and inner tubes 7 and has reinforcing straps 39 in the upper region. The upper half of the mounting bracket 18 is connected to the lower half of the mounting bracket 18 by a plug-in connection with inner tubes 7 and screws 25, as shown in particular in FIG Fig. 3 can be seen. Furthermore, the load basket 17 has a square base, and in the area of its four corners each have a bracket 19. Each bracket 19 is provided with a spherical head 20 which fits into the groove 16 of a guide rail 15 extends. The undercut of the groove 16 takes on the head 20 of the arm 19.

In Fig. 1 an electromotive driven winch 21 can also be seen, which contains a rope drum with the rope wound thereon and also an electric drive motor. To switch on and off and to select the direction of rotation of the drive motor, a changeover switch is provided directly on the cable winch 21, with a wired or wireless remote control advantageously also enabling this operation of the cable winch 21.

Fig. 3 shows that the cable winch 21 is not attached directly to the platform 2, but rather to a support frame 22. Inclined supports 32 support two bracket struts 33, which are connected to one another by a support tube 34 and an angle profile 35. The angle profile 35 is fixed to two adjacent supports 12 and the lower ends of the inclined supports 32 are fastened to the platform 2, these fastenings always being in the form of screw connections, so that the entire support frame 22 together with the cable winch 21 is handled as a compact assembly can be.

Out Fig. 2 it can be seen that the four supports 12 extend upward from the horizontally aligned platform 2 and form a tower 23, the height of which is determined by the number of support parts 14 arranged one above the other. The tubes 6 of the support parts 14 are also connected to one another by inner tubes 7, a cross bar 24 running wherever two support parts 14 adjoin each other. In cross section, such a cross bar 24 is configured as an L-profile with an upper, lying profile section 36 and an angled downward-projecting profile section 37, which is extended at both ends to a tab 38. The tabs 38 each extend partially over the two adjacent tubes 6. Two screws 25 extend through each tab 38, the lower screw 25 through the lower tube 6 and the upper screw 25 through the upper tube 6, so that these screws 25 also represent the safety screw connection which extend through the outer tubes 6 and the inner tube 7.

A deflection fitting 26 is provided on top of the tower 23 and guides a rope 27 from the rope drum 21 to the support bracket 18 of the load basket 17. This deflection fitting 26 has a central bolt 28 which is provided with straps which on the one hand carry a first deflection roller which is arranged as an outer roller 29 outside the tower cross section and to which the cable 27 runs upwards from the cable winch 21. From this first outer roller 29, the rope 27 is deflected into the horizontal and runs above the center bar 28 to a second deflecting roller, which is referred to as the inner roller 30 and leads the rope downward over the center of the tower cross section, so that the rope end is above the center the load basket 17 connects to its bracket 18.

The structure of the load basket 17 is off Fig. 3 can be seen more precisely: has a scaffold consisting of several tubes 6 and cage walls 31, which serve as a securing device to secure material transported in the load basket 17 from falling down. These basket walls 31 can be designed as metal plates, for example as so-called tear plates. They are movable in such a way that they can be arranged lying down or upright. For example, they can be inserted loosely into corresponding holders of the load basket 17 from above, or they can be movably attached to the frame of the load basket 17 via hinges.

In the illustrated embodiment, two opposite basket walls 31 are designed to be movable by being hinged to the bottom of the load basket 17. In Fig. 3 the view of such a movable basket wall 31 falls Alignment serves the two movable basket walls 31 as walking floors, for example to be able to spend material from the building site on the floor of the load basket 17, and later, when the load basket 17 has been lifted, the material from the load basket 17 to the floor of a building to bring. The two other basket walls, which are arranged transversely to the movable basket walls 31, are immovably fixedly mounted. The movable basket walls 31 can be securely held in their raised, upright, secured position by simple sliding or swivel bolts which are provided on the frame of the load basket 17 formed by tubes 6.

Below its bottom, the load basket 17 has bottom profiles 40, in the form of metallic tubes 6, wherein brackets in the form of inner tubes 7 can be inserted into the bottom profiles 40. These arms extend so far outwards that they protrude beyond the cross section of the tower 23. If the brackets are not mounted, the load basket 17 can be moved up and down within the tower 23 and lowered so far that it stands on the floor with its floor profiles 40 within the frame formed by the platform 2. However, if the load basket 17 is raised so far that the floor profiles 40 are above the platform 2 or inside the tower 23 above crossbars 24, the booms can be inserted into the floor profiles 40 and the load basket 17 can then be lowered so that the boom on the platform 2 or on the crossbar 24.

Fig. 4 shows the top of the tower 23 below, as does it from Fig. 2 can be seen, but on a larger scale. The uppermost support parts 14 are connected to one another on two opposite sides by two crossbars 24. The other two, opposite sides, where there are none Crossbars 24 are connected to one another by two tubes 6 serving as crossbeams, which are connected on the one hand by means of inner tubes 7 to the uppermost support parts 14, and on the other hand are fixed to the uppermost support parts 14 by means of screws 25 in the tabs 38 of the crossbars 24 . The center bar 28, which carries the outer roller 29 and the inner roller 30, runs in the center transversely to these two upper, horizontally arranged tubes 6.

In Fig. 4 is a view of the upper end of the tower 23 is shown above, which is rotated by 90 ° compared to the lower view. In this view, the two crossbeams 24 and the central bolt 28 can be seen in cross-section while looking at one of the two upper, lying tubes 6. The center bolt 28 and the two upper, lying tubes 6 serving as cross members are components which will be used later to form the deflection fitting 26. A cable winch 21 is held on the center bar 28. It can be the same cable winch 21 that is mounted on the support frame 22 after completion of the tower 23. A quick assembly of the elevator 1 is favored, however, if the cable winch 21 always remains firmly on the support frame 22, and if a second cable winch 21 is used on the central bar 28 during the assembly of the tower 23, which, for example, is also not approved for such a high load capacity needs to be like the cable winch 21 used later in the operation of the elevator 1. In any case, during the assembly of the tower 23 a cable runs from the cable winch 21 held on the central bar 28 directly down to the floor of the elevator 17 and is attached to an eyelet 42 there.

While the drawings show the fully assembled temporary elevator 1, it is assembled in accordance with the following description:
The two frame parts 3 and 4 are inserted into one another in the region of the separation points 5 and connected to one another. These plug connections are secured by screws 25 which extend across the tubes 6 and the inner tubes 7. The platform 2 created in this way can be moved on the rollers 11 and is moved exactly to the desired installation location of the elevator 1. The platform 2 is then aligned exactly horizontally at this installation site using the leveling screws 9. The platform 2 is raised so far that the rollers 11 are relieved.

The load basket 17 is placed in the middle of the platform 2. The load basket 17 is not yet finally assembled at this point in time by the upper half of the carrying bracket 18 not yet being connected to the lower half thereof using the plug connections mentioned.

In the four corners of the platform 2 there are four upright pipe sockets 41 to create a plug connection with the plug system explained above, these pipe sockets 41 being an integral part of the platform 2 and being welded, for example, to the pipes 6 of the two frame parts 3 and 4. The pipe socket 41 can either be designed as an inner pipe 7 or as a pipe 6. In the illustrated embodiment, they are each designed as a short tube 6. Accordingly, all the support parts 14 have at their lower ends inner tubes 7, with which they are inserted into the tubes located below them or into the tube sockets 41. Alternatively, it can be provided that the inner tubes 7 are present as separate components and, for example, are first fastened in the respective lower tube 6 or tube socket 41 before a tube 6 is then fitted from above onto the protruding projection of the inner tube 7.

When the first, lower support parts 14 are installed, the guide rails 15 located on these support parts 14 become threaded onto the heads 20 of the arms 19 of the load basket 17. The plug connections between the lower ends of these lower support parts 14 and the pipe socket 41 are now secured with screws 25.

Four further support parts 14 are mounted on the upper ends of these lower support parts 14 and the crossbars 24 are then screwed on. Screws 25 extend through the tabs 38, the tubes 6 and the inner tubes 7, so that on the one hand the mutually adjacent support parts 14 of one and the same support 12 are connected to one another and the cross bar 24 is also fastened to the two adjacent supports 12. The crossbar 24 results in a stable bond. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the tubes 6 of the support parts 14 have a length of 150 cm, so that the tower 23 can be brought to the desired height in several floors and each floor has a height of 150 cm. After assembly of the first, lower support parts 14, their upper ends are at an easily accessible working height, so that the next higher support parts 14 and the crossbars 24 can still be assembled from the floor without any problems.

To assemble the next floors, the load basket 17 is gradually raised by one floor so that it can be used as a work platform for assembling the next floor. Because the support bracket 18 has not yet been fully assembled, its upper half is not a hindrance when the tower 23 is erected. In order to be able to use the load basket 17 in this way for the erection of the tower 23, the cable winch 21 is installed on the central bar 28 and the cable 27 is connected to the eyelet 42 on the bottom of the load basket 17. Now the load basket 17 can be pulled up and used as a work platform. For this purpose, the load basket 17 is raised so far that its base profiles 40 are located above cross bars 24. Then the boom inserted into the floor profiles 40 and the load basket 17 lowered again, so that the arms lie on the crossbars 24. Using the procedure described, the tower 23 can be built up floor by floor up to the desired tower height.

The support frame 22 is fixed to the platform 2 and the lower support parts 14 using screws 25.

When the desired number of floors of the tower 23 has been installed and the tower 23 has reached its desired height, the support bracket 18 and the deflection fitting 26 are completed. In order to form the deflection fitting 26, the cable winch 21 is removed from the central bolt 28 and the inner roller 30 is fastened to the same fastening points of the central bolt 28 that have now become free. In addition, the outer roller 29 is mounted on the center bar 28. If the same cable winch 21 is to be used first for the assembly of the tower 23 and later for the operation of the elevator 1, this is now mounted on the support frame 22.

Subsequently, the rope 27 is guided by the winch 21, which is located on the support frame 22, over the outer roller 29 and the inner roller 30 to the load basket 17 and attached there. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the carrying bracket 18 is designed to be resilient in such a way that the cable 27 is attached to the carrying bracket 18. As a result, the space below the cable 27 in the load basket 17 can be used freely without the cable 27 extending as far as the eyelet 42, that is to the bottom of the load basket 17. If, however, the eyelet 42 is to be used for attaching the rope 27, the rope 27 can run through a guide eye on the support bracket 18 in order to stabilize the load basket 17 against undesired pendulum movements.

Deviating from the illustrated embodiment, it can be provided that the two frame parts 3 and 4 are not immediate to connect to each other, but to mount 5 intermediate elements in the form of tubes 6 at the separation points. In this way, the platform 2 no longer has a square plan, but a rectangular, elongated cross section. Together with appropriately designed crossbars 24, the width of the elevator 1 can be changed in this way.

The load basket 17 also has a framework assembled from tubes 6, so that basically the same plug-in system with tubes 6, inner tubes 7 and screws 25 is used as for platform 2 or tower 23, although the components can be dimensioned differently, for example the tubes 6 for the load basket 17 can have smaller cross-sectional dimensions than for the platform 2 or the tower 23. Because of the use of the plug-in system, the dimensions of the load basket 17 can also be changed by using corresponding intermediate elements, to match the dimensions of the platform 2.

The two frame parts 3 and 4 and the supporting frame 22 with the cable winch 21, which may always remain there, represent the largest individual components of the kit from which the elevator 1 is constructed. The platform 2, the tower 23 and the load basket 17 can be disassembled into several small elements, in particular into a bundle of tubes and crossbars, which enables space-saving storage and transport of the entire elevator 1 in the disassembled state. A practical exemplary embodiment brings about dimensions of the entire kit in the order of 1.5 mx 1.0 mx 0.6 m for an elevator with a height of 12 meters, so that the total space requirement of such a kit is less than ¹ m ³ .

In addition to the motor and the pull rope, the proposed elevator 1 has the components of one or the two used winches 21, practically no need for maintenance and is accordingly inexpensive to maintain.

The load basket 17 can also be used to form a mobile scaffold together with the platform 2. In this case, the leveling screws 9 are screwed up so that the platform 2 can be moved on its rollers 11, which are preferably designed as heavy-duty rollers. When used as a mobile scaffold, the upper half of the support bracket 18 is preferably not mounted so as not to be an obstacle in the way, and the booms 19 can be placed on the tubes 6 of the frame parts 3 and 4 of the platform 2, so that the floor profiles 40 of the Load basket 17 are objected to and raised from the ground.

In Fig. 5 1 designates an elevator as a whole, which can basically serve as a freight elevator, but according to the proposal is also developed in such a way that it can be used for the transport of people. The elevator 1 stands on the floor with a platform 2, and a tower 23 extends upward from the platform 2. The tower 23 is formed by four vertically arranged supports 12 which are arranged in a square and are connected to one another at regular intervals by crossbars 24, so that there is a square light space within this tower 23 in which a load basket 17 moves up and down can be. For this purpose, a cable winch 21 is provided, which is arranged outside the clearance profile of the tower 23 and from which a cable 27 extends to the upper end of the tower 23. From there, the rope 27 runs around an outer roller 29 and an inner roller 30, the rope 27 running downward from the inner roller 30 to a support bracket 18 of the load basket 17.

The four supports 12 each consist of a plurality of support parts 14 arranged one above the other. Where two support parts 14 adjoin one another, a cross bar 24 runs from a support 12 to an adjacent support 12, so that several floors of the tower 23 result from these multiple crossbeams 24 and, accordingly, the height of the tower 23 during the construction of the temporary elevator 1 to the respective circumstances, e.g. B. a construction site can be adjusted.

How out Fig. 6 A fall protection device is arranged on the carrying bracket 18 of the load basket 17. This fall protection comprises a safety rope 103, which connects to the rope 27 at a distance above the support bracket 18 and from there runs to a deflection roller 104 on both sides. From the deflecting rollers 104, the two ends of the safety rope 103 each extend in a telescopic arrangement up to a locking bar 105 shown in FIG Fig. 6 is shown in dashed lines in its locking position, in which it projects beyond the cross-sectional contour of the tower 23 outwards, the mobility of the two locking bolts 105 being indicated by outward-pointing horizontal arrows. Furthermore, in Fig. 6 Within the telescope arrangement mentioned, a spring 106 is indicated, which is designed as a compression spring in the form of a helical spring and strives to urge the respectively assigned locking bolt 105 outward into its locking position.

In Fig. 6 it can also be seen that the cable 27 connects to this support bracket 18 exactly in the middle of the support bracket 18, this central area being designated as connection fitting 107 of the load basket 17.

Furthermore, in Fig. 6 It can be seen that where two superposed support parts 14 adjoin one another, the crossbars 24 run, which are each fastened to the supports 12 with screws 25, so that by means of these screws 25 both the adjacent support parts 14 and the crossbars 24 are connected to one another will. The crossbars 24 are designed as L-shaped steel angle profiles, while the support parts 14 are designed as steel hollow profiles made of a steel tube with a square cross section.

Fig. 7 shows the right half of the in Fig. 6 Fall protection shown. It can be seen that the safety rope 103 is formed from two separate sections, each of which connects to a fitting 115, which is fixed to the rope 27.

Furthermore, it can be seen that the telescopic arrangement has an outer tube 108, in which the locking bolt 105, which is also designed as a tube, is guided to be longitudinally movable. In addition, a guide tube 109 extends axially through the tube 108 and the locking bolt 105. This guide tube 109 serves to guide the safety rope 103. The compression spring 106 designed as a helical spring extends around this guide tube 109 and is supported against two tube plates 110, which are each provided on the end of the tube 108 and the locking bolt 105 directed towards the deflection roller 104. Another tube sheet 110 is arranged within the locking bar 105, near the opposite free end, so that a comparatively short projection of the tube of the locking bar 105 relative to this tube sheet 110 remains up to the free end of the locking bar 105. The end of the safety rope 103 is accommodated within this projection, this end being secured with a nipple, clamp fitting or the like. The free end of this locking bolt 105 is covered by a cap 111 which is made of plastic and is held in the tube of the locking bolt 105 by a clamp fit.

With tensile forces acting on the cable 27, the cable 27 is tightened, as shown in the drawings, so that the fitting 115 is held at a distance above the support bracket 18 and the connecting fitting 107. Accordingly, the safety cable 103 is tightened, so that a cable clamp 116, which is provided at the end of the safety cable 103, transmits compressive forces to the tube sheet 110 there, so that the locking bar 105 is drawn as deep as possible into the tube 108 against the action of the spring 106.

Should the traction cable 27 tear, the section of the cable 27 which is located between the connection fitting 107 and the fitting 115 of the securing arrangement can slacken. Even if this section of the rope 27 breaks or if the safety rope 103 breaks, the consequence in any case is that the spring 106 can relax and push the locking bar 105 out of the tube 108 as far as possible. The locking bolt 105 thus extends beyond the clearance profile of the tower 23 to the outside, so that when the load basket 17 is lowered, the two locking bolts 105 hit the next lower cross bolt 24 from above, thereby preventing a further downward movement of the load basket 17.

In a departure from the exemplary embodiment shown, it can be provided that the securing rope 103 runs as a single piece of rope from a locking bar 105 via the fitting 115 to the opposite locking bar 105, in particular if the securing rope 103 is not clamped in the area of the fitting 115, but only is guided by means of the fitting 115, it can be ensured that both locking bolts 105 are triggered and moved into their locking position if the safety rope 103 should tear at any point between its two ends. Reference number: 1 Elevator 2nd platform 3rd Frame part 4th Frame part 5 Separation point 6 Tube 7 Inner tube 8th Footplate 9 Leveling screw 10th Base plate 11 Casters 12 support 14 Support part 15 Guide rail 16 Groove 17th Cargo basket 18th Support bracket 19th boom 20th head 21st Winch 22 Support frame 23 tower 24th Crossbar 25th Screws 26 Deflection fitting 27 rope 28 Center bar 29 Outer role 30th Roll inside 31 Wicker wall 32 Inclined supports 33 Console struts 34 Support tube 35 Angle profile 36 lying profile section 37 downward profile section 38 Tab 39 Reinforcement tab 40 Floor profile 41 Pipe socket 42 eyelet 103 Safety rope 104 Pulley 105 Locking bolt 106 Compression spring 107 Connection fitting 108 pipe 109 Guide tube 110 Tube sheet 111 cap 115 fitting 116 Rope clamp

Claims (15)

1. Temporary elevator built from a kit (1), having

   • a platform (2) configured as a frame, wherein the platform (2) incorporates at least two frame components (3, 4) that are detachably joined to each other,

   • a number of upright supports (12) and crossbars (24) to form a tower (23), wherein each upright support (12) is constructed from insertable supporting members (14) disposed one above the other and the supporting members (14) are provided with guide rails (15) that are configured as profiled strips that have a longitudinally extending groove (16) and the upright supports (12) and the crossbars (24) enclose a clearance profile of the tower (23),

   • a rope winch (21) driven by a motor,

   • an elevator cage (17) that is vertically movably disposed between the upright supports (12) of the tower (23) and incorporates a connecting element (107) that can be connected to the rope (27) of the rope winch (21) and incorporates guide arms (19) that can fit into the grooves (16) in the guide-rails (15) in such a way that the elevator cage (17) can be guided in the guide-rails (15) in a horizontal direction and can be moved within the clearance profile by means of the rope (27) that extends from the rope winch (21) to the connecting element (107) of the elevator cage (17) and wherein the frame components (3, 4) of the platform (2) and the supporting members (14) of the tower (23) are configured as metal tubes (6) and can be optionally connected to or detached from each other by means of an insert connection, characterised in that disposed on the elevator cage (17) is a springloaded locking bar (105) that can be moved between a travel position that is taken up by the locking bar (105) within the clearance profile and a locking position in which the locking bar (105) projects outwards beyond the clearance profile and wherein the locking bar (105) is held in its travel position under spring pressure by the rope (27).
2. Elevator in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the metal tubes (6) are configured as square-sectioned tubes and that disposed at the connecting points are inner tubes (7) that extend part-way into two abutting tubes (6), while the hollow space in the other metal tube (6) forms a fitting socket for the projecting section of the inner tube (7).
3. Elevator in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterised in that in the area of their insert connection the metal tubes (6) are secured by a screw connection that extends across through the tubes (6, 7) that are inserted into each other.
4. Elevator in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the platform (2) incorporates a square frame and disposed at one or more of the four corners is a levelling screw (9) that extends vertically and at its bottom end is provided with a bottom plate (10) the bottom contact surface of which is larger than the cross-sectional surface of the shank of the levelling screw (9).
5. Elevator in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that at the point where adjacent supporting members (14) of the tower (23) abut a crossbar (24) extends from a first to an adjacent second upright support (12) of the tower (23), wherein the crossbar (24) on each two upright supports (12) is connected to the two adjacent supporting members (14).
6. Elevator in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the rope winch (21) is disposed in the lower part of the elevator (1) and a guide element (26) is disposed at the top of the tower (23), wherein the rope (27) extends upwards from the rope winch (21) to the guide element (26) and from the guide element (26) to the elevator cage (17).
7. Elevator in accordance with claim 6, characterised in that the guide element (26) incorporates a middle bar (28) that extends across the middle of the tower cross-section, wherein are incorporated a first guide pulley described as an outer pulley (29) that is to be disposed above the rope winch (21) and a second guide pulley described as an inner pulley (30) that is to be disposed above the elevator cage (17).
8. Elevator in accordance with claim 7, characterised in that the inner pulley (30) is detachably fastened to the middle bar (28) and in that the construction kit incorporates a rope winch (21) that can be mounted on the middle bar (28).
9. Elevator in accordance with claim 8, characterised in that the inner pulley (30) is detachably fastened to specific mounting points on the middle bar (28) and in that the rope winch (21) can be mounted at these mounting points.
10. Elevator in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the guide rails (15) of the upright supports (12) incorporate grooves (16) that incorporate a cross-section that has an undercut and in that each of the guide arms (19) of the elevator cage (17) incorporates a head (20) that can be fitted into the undercut.
11. Elevator in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the guide rail (15) incorporates a plastic profile that is provided with the groove (16).
12. Elevator in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the rope winch (21) is mounted on a carrier frame (22) that can be bolted to the upright supports (12) and/or the platform (2).
13. Elevator in accordance with any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the elevator cage (17) incorporates cage walls (31) that are disposed on its side and extend perpendicularly from the bottom of the elevator cage (17), where at least one cage wall (31) can be moved from its vertical locking position into a horizontal cage bottom position.
14. Elevator in accordance with claim 13, characterised in that two opposing cage walls (31) are configured movable.
15. Elevator in accordance with claim 13 or 14, characterised in that one movable cage wall (31) is pivotably mounted about a hinge axle disposed horizontally at its bottom end.

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