EP3266919B1 - Felting needle and method for manufacturing at least one felting needle - Google Patents

Felting needle and method for manufacturing at least one felting needle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3266919B1
EP3266919B1 EP16177989.7A EP16177989A EP3266919B1 EP 3266919 B1 EP3266919 B1 EP 3266919B1 EP 16177989 A EP16177989 A EP 16177989A EP 3266919 B1 EP3266919 B1 EP 3266919B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulge
needle
felting needle
radial direction
felting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16177989.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3266919A1 (en
EP3266919C0 (en
Inventor
Jörg SCHREYECK
Christian Weber
Gustav Wizemann
Roland Schick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Groz Beckert KG
Original Assignee
Groz Beckert KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PL16177989.7T priority Critical patent/PL3266919T3/en
Application filed by Groz Beckert KG filed Critical Groz Beckert KG
Priority to EP16177989.7A priority patent/EP3266919B1/en
Priority to ES16177989T priority patent/ES2951533T3/en
Priority to JP2018559832A priority patent/JP6982002B2/en
Priority to KR1020187032271A priority patent/KR102318474B1/en
Priority to CN201780042275.3A priority patent/CN109415860B/en
Priority to RU2018139325A priority patent/RU2726795C1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2017/065963 priority patent/WO2018007221A1/en
Priority to BR112018069757-5A priority patent/BR112018069757B1/en
Priority to US16/315,459 priority patent/US10920350B2/en
Publication of EP3266919A1 publication Critical patent/EP3266919A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3266919B1 publication Critical patent/EP3266919B1/en
Publication of EP3266919C0 publication Critical patent/EP3266919C0/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles

Definitions

  • Felting needles and their manufacturing processes are known.
  • the density of tangled textile fibers is changed with felting needles.
  • the fibers are compacted into felt fabrics.
  • felting needles are suspended in a needle board by a hanger (often called a "foot"), which is often simply a curved portion of its shaft.
  • a hanger often called a "foot”
  • felting needles are often elongated needles that often end in a point at their working end (the end of the needle that faces the fibers).
  • a part of the aforementioned length of the needle is occupied by the working part, which is often followed by the point of the needle.
  • This working part usually has a specially formed cross-sectional area (polygon shapes such as triangles or squares are very often used). However, round shapes - such as teardrop shapes - are also known for such cross-sectional areas.
  • In the working part there are notches which run from the outer profile of the cross-sectional area of the working part towards the interior thereof. These notches are often made by piercing. The piercing of notches in felting needles is, inter alia, by the publications US 3,224,067B and US 2,495,926B shown.
  • the figures in these publications also show that the puncture process also produces puncture beads, which are important for the mode of operation of the notches outlined below.
  • the aforementioned notches hold the textile fibers during a working cycle of the needle board, which consists in a relative movement of the needle bed with respect to the textile fibers.
  • the notches are therefore of central importance in felt formation.
  • the puncture ridges support the mentioned holding function of the notches.
  • the pamphlet US 2,678,484B proposes to solve this problem, to provide felting needles, which are provided with a plurality of consecutive notches in the longitudinal direction of the needle, with a guide notch closest to the needle point, which is less pronounced and also has a less pronounced puncture bead than that of the Pointed further offending notches.
  • the US3983611A shows a notch of a needle having a puncture bead intended to extend longitudinally to increase the life of the needle.
  • the publication indicates a further development of US3641636A and thus ultimately the US3307238A to be. All of the aforementioned documents disclose--if the manufacture of the needle or the notch is discussed at all--only methods for piercing notches to form them.
  • the US3983611A also shows fiber retention recesses to increase service life. Accordingly, these indentations can also only have been caused by the piercing of the notch.
  • the object of the present invention is to increase the service life of felting needles.
  • the present invention is based on the last-mentioned publication and solves the problem in each case through the combination of features of claims 1 and 9.
  • most felting needles have a working part with a cross-sectional area that extends in the radial direction (r) and the circumferential direction ( ⁇ ) of the felting needle and is delimited in a large part of the longitudinal extent of the working part by a cross-sectional profile.
  • a large part of the longitudinal extent of the working part usually means that the working part deviates only in the border areas to the shank of the needle and/or the end of the needle on the working side (usually the point) and in the area of the notches and notch beads.
  • This is advantageous since the working part of the felting needles should dip into the fibres, with the notches and possibly the notch ridges mainly being intended to take the fibers with them. Accordingly, it is then mainly or exclusively the notches and possibly the notch beads that break through the cross-sectional profile of the working part or deviate from it.
  • At least one notch engages in the cross-sectional profile in the working part.
  • the notch is formed by a puncture which runs from the cross-sectional profile in the direction of the inside of the felting needle—or toward the needle axis.
  • the notches of felting needles generally run from the outer contour of the cross-sectional profile in the radial and axial direction towards the inner and possibly towards the axis of symmetry of the felting needles.
  • the at least one bulge can already be provided during the manufacture of the working part. However, it can advantageously also come about through a subsequent manufacturing process. It cantilevers beyond the cross-sectional profile in the radial direction only in a partial area of the extension of the working part in the longitudinal direction of the felting needle. The bulge is therefore not part of the cross-sectional profile, which is constant over a large part or even the entire working part. The bulge is also not a web or a rib in the sense of the US 3,224,067B , since these parts of the needle also run across the entire working part.
  • the bulge has at least volume components that are not attributable to the puncture bulge, i.e. that did not come about as a result of the volume displacement of the puncture to produce the notch. As a rule, however, the bulge is reinforced by the puncture bulge, which is an advantage.
  • the notch adjoins the outer surface of the bulge in the longitudinal direction of the felting needles.
  • the notch can do this by being before the bulge or after the bulge in the direction of advance of the needle during felting. If the bulge is made in front of the notch, it is advantageous to pierce the notch either immediately before the beginning of the bulge or even to pierce the bulge in such a way that the notch again immediately follows the (possibly new) outer surface of the bulge, but on no remnants of the bulge remain on the other side of the notch.
  • the notch can advantageously reach through the original outer surface of the bulge.
  • a small distance between the notch and the bulge is also possible (Examples: less than one notch length in the longitudinal direction of the needle (z), advantageously less than half a notch length in this direction (z), even greater advantages occur at a distance which is less than a quarter of the length of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction of the needle is).
  • the notch and the bulge have the same position in the circumferential direction and/or they lie on a ridge.
  • the already mentioned radial direction (r) of the needle is often also called "height direction”.
  • the at least one bulge has a height that varies in the direction of elongation of the needle.
  • the bulge has a convex profile (seen from the axis of symmetry of the needle) in the plane spanned by the longitudinal extension and the radial direction of the needle.
  • An angular profile can also bring advantages.
  • the height of the bulge shows local maxima.
  • the maximum height of the bulge is at least 25%, more preferably at least 30% of the total length of the bulge from the inflection point of the notch.
  • the bulge by a non-cutting machining process—such as a pressing process, for example—or to carry out at least part of the production of the bulge with such a process. It is advantageous here if the pressing tools or at least one pressing tool are moved at least predominantly in the circumferential direction and/or the radial direction of the needle. However, the at least one bulge can also already come about as a result of the molding process that produces the cross-sectional profile of the working part, or already during the production of the blank.
  • the first notch is located on that side of a first bulge which faces the needle tip in the longitudinal direction of the needle.
  • inverted notch needles or U needles there are also needles—so-called inverted notch needles or U needles—in which the notches are advantageously located along the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle on the side facing away from the needle tip.
  • the bulge already exists (for example already in the needle blank) or is formed before the notch is made. It is also advantageous to position the notch in such a way that the piercing chisel also displaces partial areas of the bulge when piercing the notch, or in this way increases the strength of the bulge in the radial and/or circumferential direction of the needle (it forms again a puncture bulge in the area of the bulge that reinforces it). This effect can come about when the chisel is applied in the immediate vicinity of the bulge or even on the bulge itself.
  • the at least one bulge is located at a point on the needle surface at which the edge of the cross-sectional profile of the working part is particularly far away from the needle axis. This is the case in the area of the webs or in the area of edges. If this design maxim is heeded, the at least one bulge protrudes beyond the already exposed web or the exposed edge, so that it comes into very strong contact with fibers during the felting process.
  • the bulge is a press bead
  • These two pressing tools act - at least predominantly - in the circumferential direction of the needle.
  • the effective direction will also contain components in the radial direction of the needle.
  • the direction of action of the two pressing tools is opposite, it being possible to move both tools by the same amount or by different amounts. In this case, one tool can only serve as a stop while the other tool or tools are being moved.
  • the bulge is provided with a clearly defined boundary surface in the radial direction of the needle.
  • This shaping of the boundary surface in the radial direction of the needle can go as far as a defined adjustment of the height of the bulge. This measure is therefore advantageous in all embodiments of the needles disclosed and claimed in this publication.
  • the shaping can be carried out with a die that acts at least predominantly in the radial direction of the needle.
  • a stamp that acts at least predominantly in the radial direction again means that the working surface of the stamp acts predominantly in the radial direction.
  • the stamp can be moved mainly in the radial direction. However, it can also serve as a stop that prevents further growth of the bulge in the radial direction.
  • such a stop acting in the radial direction prevents the bulge from growing further as a result of a pressing process in which the pressing tools act predominantly in the circumferential direction and thus displace the material of the bulge in the radial direction.
  • the punch acting in the radial direction serves as a stop for the displaced material of the bulge.
  • the stop or stamp acting in the radial direction can also be structurally connected to at least one of the pressing tools (possibly even in one piece), which act primarily in the radial direction of the needle and can produce the bulge if this is a press bead.
  • figure 1 shows a side view of a felting needle 1 of the prior art with a notch 2 and a notch bulge 3 created by the puncture of the notch.
  • the notch 2 has a notch depth 5.
  • the lower limit of the notch 2 is the notch base 9.
  • the notch breast is of further importance 20, which ends with increasing height (in the radial direction) in the inflection point 18 of the notch face 20.
  • the needle 1 shown has a standard triangular cross-sectional shape 24, as shown in figure 4 will be shown. Also the ones in the figures 2 and 3 The felting needles 1 shown have this cross-sectional shape 24. From the viewing plane 17 (see figure 4 ) the web 6 (such webs are often also called bevels) can therefore also be seen.
  • the bulge 7 with its maximum height 21 should be mentioned. As already mentioned, such a bulge can be produced in various ways.
  • the stamp impression 8 can be seen, which indicates that the bulge 7 shown there came about as a result of an embossing process. In figure 2 no notch 2 is shown.
  • figure 3 a side view of a felting needle 1, which is also provided with a notch 2 in addition to the bulge, so that a notch base 9 and a notch face 20 can also be seen again.
  • the geometry of the notch 2 and the bulge 7 shown can come about by the notch 2 being produced by a puncture which penetrates the surface of the bulge 7 which is already present.
  • FIGS. 4 to 9 show examples of different cross-sectional shapes 24-29 of working parts 15 of felting needles. These cross-sectional shapes or areas extend in the plane spanned by the radial direction (r) and the circumferential direction ( ⁇ ) of the respective felting needle 1 . These working parts 15 are advantageous, but the application of the present invention is extendable to other cross-sectional shapes.
  • figure 4 shows a standard triangular cross-sectional shape 24 of a working part 15, which is provided with three webs 6.
  • the viewing level 17 of Figures 1-3 , 11 and 12 as well as 16 and 17 was already mentioned.
  • the figure 5 shows the cross-sectional shape of a working part 15, which is often sold under the brand name Cross Star 25 and which has four webs 6.
  • the cross-sectional shape is 26 in figure 6 is often called the drop shape in professional circles.
  • the cross-sectional shape 27 shown is often called a pinch blade in professional circles.
  • the Figures 8 and 9 show a cross-sectional shape called Tristar 28 or EcoStar 29.
  • cross-sectional shapes mentioned have in common that they extend in the working part 15 of the needle in the radial (r) and the circumferential direction ( ⁇ ) and form the cross-sectional shape of the same in a large part of the longitudinal extent of the working part. Often only the notches 2 and the notch beads 3 and bulges 7 are exceptions in this respect.
  • the enumeration of the cross-sectional shapes in the present document has an exemplary character.
  • the present invention is suitable for the advantageous development of all known and future cross-sectional shapes. The same statement applies to different shapes of notches.
  • FIG 10 shows a felting needle 1 to clarify some of the terms used in this publication.
  • this 1 has a foot 10 for fastening it in a needle board. After a 90° bend, the shank 11 of the felting needle begins, which merges into a reduced shank 13 after the upper cone 12 .
  • felting needles are also known which only have a shank with a uniform diameter and not a shank 11 and a reduced shank 13 .
  • the lower cone 14 forms the transition to the working part 15, on which notches 2 can be seen.
  • the felting needle 1 ends in a tip 16.
  • structuring needles are also known in which this "tip" 16 or its working-side end has a different contour than in classic needles.
  • the present invention can be advantageously used with any felting needles.
  • figure 12 shows a common excerpt of the Figures 3 and 11 shown needle 1 from the same viewing plane 17. So are in figure 12 two notches 2 and two bulges 7 can be seen. The above items have the same position in the circumferential ( ⁇ ) direction. The length 32 of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle 1 and the distance 33 from the edge of the notch opening to the start of the next bulge 7 is also shown. As already mentioned, it is advantageous if these two lengths or distances 32, 33 are in a certain relationship or if a certain minimum distance 33 is maintained.
  • a dashed line indicates where the needle axis 34 is within the needle.
  • the Figures 6 and 8 explicitly indicate the position of this needle axis with the reference number 34 .
  • This position is also outlined by a cross in the other figures, which show cross-sectional areas of needles 1 .
  • the needle axis 34 is the center of the part of the needle running in the longitudinal direction of the needle (Fig figure 10 Shank 11, upper cone 12, reduced shank 13, lower cone 14, working part 15 and possibly tip 15).
  • the needle axis 34 is the main axis of symmetry of the needle without the butt 10.
  • the figures 16 and 17 show side views of a portion of two needles 1 with non-inventive embodiments of bulges 7, which are provided with a specially formed boundary surface 36 of the bulge 7 in the radial direction (r).
  • This shaping of the boundary surface 36 can be carried out with a radially acting die 37 .
  • the double arrow 38 indicates the effective direction of this stamp.
  • the effective direction does not necessarily mean that the plunger 37 is also moved in this direction (r). On the contrary, it can also act in this direction if it is stationary in relation to the needle 1 and counteracts further growth of the bulge 7 while it is being formed.
  • the described molding of the boundary surface 36 is advantageous in all embodiments of the needle shown.
  • the height of the bulge or the radial distance between the needle axis 34 and the boundary surface 36 can be set exactly by the molding. It is of course also possible to set the position of the delimiting surface 36 in the other spatial directions. This is due to the difference between the embodiments according to FIG figures 16 and 17 clarifies: in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG figure 16 there is again a distance 31 between the maximum height 21 of the bulge 7 and the turning point 18 of the notch breast. After reaching the maximum height 21, the boundary surface 36 begins.
  • the distance 31 has shrunk to "zero". This result can be achieved by a different relative positioning of the radially acting punch 37 in the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle 1 when forming the boundary surface 36 (see again figure 17 ).

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
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Description

Filznadeln und ihre Herstellungsverfahren sind bekannt. Mit Filznadeln wird die Dichte wirr liegender Textilfasern verändert. In den meisten Fällen werden die Fasern zu Flächengebilden aus Filz verdichtet. Hierzu werden Filznadeln an einer Aufhängung (oft "Fuß" genannt), die oft einfach in einem gebogenen Teil ihres Schaftes besteht, in einem Nadelbrett aufgehängt. Filznadeln sind von ihrer Aufhängung abgesehen oft lang gestreckte Nadeln, die an ihrem arbeitsteiligen Ende (dem Ende der Nadel, das den Fasern zugewandt ist) oft in einer Spitze auslaufen.Felting needles and their manufacturing processes are known. The density of tangled textile fibers is changed with felting needles. In most cases, the fibers are compacted into felt fabrics. To do this, felting needles are suspended in a needle board by a hanger (often called a "foot"), which is often simply a curved portion of its shaft. Apart from their suspension, felting needles are often elongated needles that often end in a point at their working end (the end of the needle that faces the fibers).

Ein Teil der vorerwähnten Längserstreckung der Nadel wird von dem Arbeitsteil, an das sich oft die Spitze der Nadel anschließt, eingenommen. Dieses Arbeitsteil besitzt in der Regel eine speziell angeformte Querschnittsfläche (sehr oft werden Vieleckformen, wie Dreieck- oder Viereckformen, verwendet). Jedoch sind auch runde Formen - wie Tropfenformen - für solche Querschnittsflächen bekannt. In dem Arbeitsteil befinden sich Kerben, die von dem Außenprofil der Querschnittsfläche des Arbeitsteiles in Richtung auf das Innere desselben verlaufen. Die Herstellung dieser Kerben erfolgt oft durch Einstechen. Das Einstechen von Kerben in Filznadeln wird unter anderem durch die Druckschriften US 3,224,067 B und US 2,495,926 B gezeigt. Insbesondere den Figuren dieser Druckschriften ist auch zu entnehmen, dass durch den Einstichvorgang auch Stichwülste entstehen, die für die nachstehend skizzierte Arbeitsweise der Kerben wichtig sind. Die vorerwähnten Kerben halten die Textilfasern bei einem Arbeitstakt des Nadelbrettes, der in einer Relativbewegung des Nadelbettes gegenüber den textilen Fasern besteht. Den Kerben kommt damit zentrale Bedeutung bei der Filzbildung zu. Die Einstichwülste unterstützen die erwähnte Haltefunktion der Kerben.A part of the aforementioned length of the needle is occupied by the working part, which is often followed by the point of the needle. This working part usually has a specially formed cross-sectional area (polygon shapes such as triangles or squares are very often used). However, round shapes - such as teardrop shapes - are also known for such cross-sectional areas. In the working part there are notches which run from the outer profile of the cross-sectional area of the working part towards the interior thereof. These notches are often made by piercing. The piercing of notches in felting needles is, inter alia, by the publications US 3,224,067B and US 2,495,926B shown. In particular, the figures in these publications also show that the puncture process also produces puncture beads, which are important for the mode of operation of the notches outlined below. The aforementioned notches hold the textile fibers during a working cycle of the needle board, which consists in a relative movement of the needle bed with respect to the textile fibers. The notches are therefore of central importance in felt formation. The puncture ridges support the mentioned holding function of the notches.

Die Nadelbretter vollführen bei der Filzherstellung eine große Zahl von Arbeitstakten pro Zeiteinheit. Es ist daher nicht verwunderlich, dass Filznadeln insbesondere durch den Kontakt mit den textilen Fasern einer hohen Belastung ausgesetzt sind. Die Erhöhung der Haltbarkeit bzw. der Standzeiten von Filznadeln gehört daher zu den Themen, die die Fachwelt bereits seit langer Zeit bearbeitet. Die Druckschrift US 2,678,484 B schlägt zur Lösung dieses Problems vor, Filznadeln, die mit einer Mehrzahl von in Längsrichtung der Nadel aufeinander abfolgenden Kerben versehen sind, mit einer der Nadelspitze am nächsten liegenden Leitkerbe zu versehen, die weniger ausgeprägt ist und auch eine weniger ausgeprägte Einstichwulst besitzt als die von der Spitze weiter beanstandeten Kerben. Die bereits erwähnte Druckschrift US 2,495,926 B versucht, das genannte Problem auf andere Weise zu lösen: durch eine spezielle Ausformung des Einstichmeisels kommt es zu einer Verbreiterung der Einstichwulst, so dass diese der fortwährenden Reibung der Textilfasern länger widerstehen kann.During felt production, the needle boards carry out a large number of work cycles per unit of time. It is therefore not surprising that felting needles are exposed to high stress, especially through contact with the textile fibers. Increasing the durability or service life of felting needles is therefore one of the topics that experts have been working on for a long time. The pamphlet US 2,678,484B proposes to solve this problem, to provide felting needles, which are provided with a plurality of consecutive notches in the longitudinal direction of the needle, with a guide notch closest to the needle point, which is less pronounced and also has a less pronounced puncture bead than that of the Pointed further offending notches. The pamphlet already mentioned US 2,495,926B tries to solve the problem in a different way: a special shape of the insertion chisel widens the insertion bead so that it can withstand the constant friction of the textile fibers for longer.

Der technischen Lehre der ebenfalls bereits erwähnten Druckschrift US 3,224,067 B liegt ein anderes Problem zu Grunde: um besonders effizient und schadensfrei feine Textilien vernadeln zu können, wird die Breite der Kerben und ihrer Einstichwülste eingestellt, indem das Querschnittsprofil ihrer Arbeitsteile mit Rippen versehen wird, die sich über die ganze Längserstreckung des Arbeitsteiles erstrecken. Die Rippen oder Stege der vorerwähnten Druckschrift werden durch eine Pressung hergestellt. Anschließend wird in diese Rippen eingestochen, so dass die Kerbe und ihre Wulst die Breite der Rippen in der Umfangsrichtung der Nadel aufweisen. In der beschriebenen Weise dürfte sich keine Erhöhung der Standzeit der Kerben und ihrer Wülste erreichen lassen, da diese sehr exponiert auf den filigranen Rippen positioniert sind.The technical teaching of the document also already mentioned US 3,224,067B is based on another problem: in order to be able to needle fine textiles particularly efficiently and without damage, the width of the notches and their puncture ridges is adjusted by providing the cross-sectional profile of their working parts with ribs that extend over the entire length of the working part. The ribs or webs of the aforementioned document are produced by pressing. These ribs are then pierced so that the notch and its ridge have the width of the ribs in the circumferential direction of the needle. In the manner described, it should not be possible to increase the service life of the notches and their beads, since these are positioned in a very exposed manner on the filigree ribs.

Die US3983611A zeigt eine Kerbe einer Nadel, die eine Einstichwulst aufweist, die sich in Längsrichtung erstrecken soll, um die Standzeit der Nadel zu erhöhen. Die Druckschrift gibt an eine Weiterbildung der US3641636A und damit letztlich der US3307238A zu sein. Alle vorgenannten Schriften offenbaren - wenn überhaupt auf die Herstellung der Nadel bzw. der Kerbe eingegangen wird - lediglich Verfahren zum Einstechen von Kerben zu deren Ausformung. Die US3983611A zeigt überdies Faserrückhaltevertiefungen zur Erhöhung der Standzeit. Auch diese Vertiefungen können demzufolge nur durch das Einstechen der Kerbe entstanden sein.The US3983611A shows a notch of a needle having a puncture bead intended to extend longitudinally to increase the life of the needle. The publication indicates a further development of US3641636A and thus ultimately the US3307238A to be. All of the aforementioned documents disclose--if the manufacture of the needle or the notch is discussed at all--only methods for piercing notches to form them. The US3983611A also shows fiber retention recesses to increase service life. Accordingly, these indentations can also only have been caused by the piercing of the notch.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, die Standzeit von Filznadeln zu erhöhen. Hierzu geht die vorliegende Erfindung von der letztgenannten Druckschrift aus und löst die Aufgabe jeweils durch die Merkmalskombination der Ansprüche 1 und 9.The object of the present invention is to increase the service life of felting needles. To this end, the present invention is based on the last-mentioned publication and solves the problem in each case through the combination of features of claims 1 and 9.

Wie bereits angesprochen, besitzen die meisten Filznadeln einen Arbeitsteil mit einer Querschnittsfläche, die sich in der radialen Richtung (r) und der Umfangsrichtung (ϕ) der Filznadel erstreckt und in einem Großteil der Längserstreckung des Arbeitsteiles von einem Querschnittsprofil begrenzt wird. Ein Großteil der Längserstreckung des Arbeitsteiles heißt hierbei in der Regel, dass der Arbeitsteil lediglich in den Grenzbereichen zu dem Schaft der Nadel und oder dem arbeitsseitigen Ende der Nadel (in der Regel der Spitze) und im Bereich der Kerben und Kerbenwülste abweicht. Dies ist von Vorteil, da der Arbeitsteil der Filznadeln in die Fasern eintauchen soll, wobei hauptsächlich die Kerben und gegebenenfalls die Kerbenwülste die Fasern mitnehmen sollen. Dementsprechend sind es dann auch hauptsächlich oder ausschließlich die Kerben und gegebenenfalls die Kerbenwülste, die das Querschnittsprofil des Arbeitsteiles durchbrechen bzw. von ihm abweichen.As already mentioned, most felting needles have a working part with a cross-sectional area that extends in the radial direction (r) and the circumferential direction (φ) of the felting needle and is delimited in a large part of the longitudinal extent of the working part by a cross-sectional profile. A large part of the longitudinal extent of the working part usually means that the working part deviates only in the border areas to the shank of the needle and/or the end of the needle on the working side (usually the point) and in the area of the notches and notch beads. This is advantageous since the working part of the felting needles should dip into the fibres, with the notches and possibly the notch ridges mainly being intended to take the fibers with them. Accordingly, it is then mainly or exclusively the notches and possibly the notch beads that break through the cross-sectional profile of the working part or deviate from it.

So greift in dem Arbeitsteil zumindest eine Kerbe in das Querschnittsprofil hinein. Die Kerbe ist hierbei von einem Einstich gebildet, der von dem Querschnittsprofil in Richtung auf das Innere der Filznadel - bzw. auf die Nadelachse - verläuft. Man könnte auch sagen, dass die Kerben von Filznadeln in der Regel von der Außenkontur des Querschnittsprofils in radialer und axialer Richtung auf das innere und gegebenenfalls auf die Symmetrieachse der Filznadeln zu laufen.At least one notch engages in the cross-sectional profile in the working part. In this case, the notch is formed by a puncture which runs from the cross-sectional profile in the direction of the inside of the felting needle—or toward the needle axis. One could also say that the notches of felting needles generally run from the outer contour of the cross-sectional profile in the radial and axial direction towards the inner and possibly towards the axis of symmetry of the felting needles.

Wie ebenfalls bereits erwähnt besitzen hierbei die meisten Filznadeln Einstichwülste im Bereich der Kerben, die bei dem Einstich durch Materialverdrängung zu Stande gekommen sind. Diese Einstichwülste kragen in der radialen Richtung der Nadel über die vorgenannte Kontur hinaus aus. Damit haben sie einen erheblichen Beitrag zur Filzbildung.As already mentioned, most felting needles have puncture ridges in the area of the notches, which were caused by material displacement during the puncture. In the radial direction of the needle, these puncture ridges protrude beyond the aforesaid contour. They therefore make a significant contribution to felt formation.

Herkömmliche Filznadeln - die in der Regel die vorgenannten Merkmale haben - werden durch die vorliegende Erfindung durch die folgenden Merkmale weitergebildet:

  • die erfindungsgemäße Filznadel ist hergestellt durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren,
  • zumindest eine Ausbuchtung, welche die Umfangsfläche der Filznadel in ihrem Arbeitsteil in Ihrer radialen Richtung (r) überragt,
  • wobei sich die Ausbuchtung in Längsrichtung (z) der Filznadel nur über einen Teilbereich der Erstreckung des Arbeitsteils in dieser Richtung (z) erstreckt,
  • wobei die Ausbuchtung Volumenbestandteile aufweist, die nicht zur Einstichswulst der Kerbe gehören
  • und wobei sich die Kerbe in der Längsrichtung der Filznadel an die Aussenfläche der Ausbuchtung anschließt.
Conventional felting needles - which usually have the aforementioned features - are further developed by the present invention with the following features:
  • the felting needle according to the invention is produced by the method according to the invention,
  • at least one bulge which protrudes beyond the peripheral surface of the felting needle in its working part in its radial direction (r),
  • the bulge extending in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle only over a partial area of the extension of the working part in this direction (z),
  • wherein the bulge has volume components that do not belong to the puncture bead of the notch
  • and wherein the notch is continuous with the outer surface of the bulge in the longitudinal direction of the felting needle.

Die zumindest eine Ausbuchtung kann bereits bei der Herstellung des Arbeitsteiles vorgesehen werden. Sie kann jedoch vorteilhafter Weise auch durch einen sich anschließenden Herstellvorgang Zustandekommen. Sie kragt nur in einem Teilbereich der Erstreckung des Arbeitsteils in Längsrichtung der Filznadel in der radialen Richtung über das Querschnittsprofil hinaus. Damit ist die Ausbuchtung eben kein Teil des Querschnittsprofils, das ja über einen großen Teil des oder gar den gesamten Arbeitsteil konstant ist. Die Ausbuchtung ist auch kein Steg oder eine Rippe im Sinne der US 3,224,067 B , da auch diese Bestandteile der Nadel über den ganzen Arbeitsteil hinweg verlaufen.The at least one bulge can already be provided during the manufacture of the working part. However, it can advantageously also come about through a subsequent manufacturing process. It cantilevers beyond the cross-sectional profile in the radial direction only in a partial area of the extension of the working part in the longitudinal direction of the felting needle. The bulge is therefore not part of the cross-sectional profile, which is constant over a large part or even the entire working part. The bulge is also not a web or a rib in the sense of the US 3,224,067B , since these parts of the needle also run across the entire working part.

Die Ausbuchtung weißt zumindest Volumenbestandteile auf, die nicht der Einstichswulst zuzurechnen sind, d.h., die nicht infolge der Volumenverdrängung des Einstichs zur Herstellung der Kerbe zu Stande gekommen sind. In der Regel wird die Ausbuchtung jedoch durch die Einstichswulst verstärkt, was von Vorteil ist.The bulge has at least volume components that are not attributable to the puncture bulge, i.e. that did not come about as a result of the volume displacement of the puncture to produce the notch. As a rule, however, the bulge is reinforced by the puncture bulge, which is an advantage.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn sich die Kerbe in der Längsrichtung der Filznadeln an die Außenfläche der Ausbuchtung anschließt. Dies kann die Kerbe tun, indem sie sich in der Vortriebsrichtung der Nadel bei der Filzbildung vor der Ausbuchtung oder nach der Ausbuchtung befindet. Falls die Ausbuchtung vor der Kerbe hergestellt wird, ist es vorteilhaft, die Kerbe entweder unmittelbar vor Beginn der Ausbuchtung einzustechen oder gar so in die Ausbuchtung hineinzustechen, dass sich die Kerbe wieder unmittelbar an die (ggf. neue) Außenfläche der Ausbuchtung anschließt, jedoch auf der anderen Seite der Kerbe keine Überbleibsel der Ausbuchtung verbleiben. Man könnte auch sagen, dass die Kerbe die ursprüngliche Außenfläche der Ausbuchtung in vorteilhafter Weise durchgreifen kann. Möglich ist auch ein geringer Abstand zwischen Kerbe und Ausbuchtung (Beipiele: kleiner als eine Kerbenlänge in Längsrichtung der Nadel (z), vorteilhafterweise kleiner als eine halbe Kerbenlänge in dieser Richtung (z), noch größere Vorteile treten bei einem Abstand auf, der kleiner als ein Viertel der Länge der Kerbenöffnung in Längsrichtung der Nadel ist). Vorteilhafterweise haben die Kerbe und die Ausbuchtung dieselbe Position in Umfangsrichtung und/oder sie liegen auf einem Steg.It is of particular advantage if the notch adjoins the outer surface of the bulge in the longitudinal direction of the felting needles. The notch can do this by being before the bulge or after the bulge in the direction of advance of the needle during felting. If the bulge is made in front of the notch, it is advantageous to pierce the notch either immediately before the beginning of the bulge or even to pierce the bulge in such a way that the notch again immediately follows the (possibly new) outer surface of the bulge, but on no remnants of the bulge remain on the other side of the notch. One could also say that the notch can advantageously reach through the original outer surface of the bulge. A small distance between the notch and the bulge is also possible (Examples: less than one notch length in the longitudinal direction of the needle (z), advantageously less than half a notch length in this direction (z), even greater advantages occur at a distance which is less than a quarter of the length of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction of the needle is). Advantageously, the notch and the bulge have the same position in the circumferential direction and/or they lie on a ridge.

Die bereits erwähnte radiale Richtung (r) der Nadel wird oft auch "Höhenrichtung" genannt. Die zumindest eine Ausbuchtung besitzt eine Höhe, die sich in der Richtung der Längserstreckung der Nadel ändert. So ist es zum Beispiel vorteilhaft, wenn die Ausbuchtung in der Ebene, die von der Längserstreckung und der radialen Richtung der Nadel aufgespannt wird, ein konvexes Profil (aus Sicht der Symmetrieachse der Nadel) besitzt. Auch ein eckiges Profil kann Vorteile mit sich bringen. Die Höhe der Ausbuchtung weist lokale Maxima auf. Das Maximum der Höhe der Ausbuchtung ist mindestens 25 %, noch vorteilhafter mindestens 30 % der gesamten Längserstreckung der Ausbuchtung von dem Wendepunkt der Kerbe entfernt. Vorteilhaft ist es, die Ausbuchtung durch einen nicht spanenden Bearbeitungsvorgang - wie zum Beispiel einen Pressvorgang - herzustellen oder zumindest einen Teil der Herstellung der Ausbuchtung mit einem solchen Vorgang vorzunehmen. Hierbei ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Presswerkzeuge oder zumindest ein Presswerkzeug zumindest überwiegend in Umfangsrichtung und/oder der radialen Richtung der Nadel bewegt werden. Die zumindest eine Ausbuchtung kann jedoch auch bereits durch den Anformvorgang, der das Querschnittsprofil des Arbeitsteiles herstellt, oder bereits bei der Herstellung des Rohlings zustande kommen.The already mentioned radial direction (r) of the needle is often also called "height direction". The at least one bulge has a height that varies in the direction of elongation of the needle. For example, it is advantageous if the bulge has a convex profile (seen from the axis of symmetry of the needle) in the plane spanned by the longitudinal extension and the radial direction of the needle. An angular profile can also bring advantages. The height of the bulge shows local maxima. The maximum height of the bulge is at least 25%, more preferably at least 30% of the total length of the bulge from the inflection point of the notch. It is advantageous to produce the bulge by a non-cutting machining process—such as a pressing process, for example—or to carry out at least part of the production of the bulge with such a process. It is advantageous here if the pressing tools or at least one pressing tool are moved at least predominantly in the circumferential direction and/or the radial direction of the needle. However, the at least one bulge can also already come about as a result of the molding process that produces the cross-sectional profile of the working part, or already during the production of the blank.

Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn sich zumindest Teilbereiche der Ausbuchtung mit zunehmender Höhe (=radialer Abstand von der Nadelachse) derselben verjüngen. Je nach der Art der Anwendung der Filznadeln wird es vorteilhaft sein, wenn sich die erste Kerbe auf derjenigen Seite einer ersten Ausbuchtung befindet, die in Längsrichtung der Nadel der Nadelspitze zugewandt ist. Es gibt aber auch Nadeln - so genannte umgekehrte Kerbennadeln oder U Nadeln - bei der sich die Kerben vorteilhafterweise entlang der Längsrichtung (z) der Nadel an der der Nadelspitze abgewandten Seite befinden.It is advantageous if at least partial areas of the bulge taper with increasing height (=radial distance from the needle axis) of the same. Depending on the type of use of the felting needles, it will be advantageous if the first notch is located on that side of a first bulge which faces the needle tip in the longitudinal direction of the needle. However, there are also needles—so-called inverted notch needles or U needles—in which the notches are advantageously located along the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle on the side facing away from the needle tip.

Es ist von Vorteil, wenn sich in dieser Richtung (Richtung der ersten Kerbe aus Sicht der ersten Ausbuchtung) in einem gewissen Abstand (beispielsweise gemessen vom Rand der Kerbe aus) keine weitere Ausbuchtung in Längsrichtung der Nadel mehr anschließt. Dies gilt insbesondere für Ausbuchtungen, die sich in Umfangsrichtung (ϕ) mit der Kerbe überschneiden.It is advantageous if in this direction (direction of the first notch viewed from the first bulge) there is no further bulge in the longitudinal direction of the needle at a certain distance (for example measured from the edge of the notch). This applies in particular to bulges that intersect the notch in the circumferential direction (φ).

Beispiele für solche vorteilhaften Mindestabstände sind:

  1. a) zumindest ein Abstand, der dem Einfachen der Länge der Kerbenöffnung in Längsrichtung der Filznadel entspricht,
  2. b) vorteilhafterweise jedoch ein Abstand, der dem Doppelten der Länge der Kerbenöffnung in Längsrichtung der Filznadel entspricht,
  3. c) vorteilhafterweise jedoch ein Abstand, der dem Vierfachen der Länge der Kerbenöffnung in Längsrichtung der Filznadel entspricht,
  4. d) wenn sich überhaupt keine weitere Ausbuchtung in Längsrichtung (z) der Filznadel mehr befindet, die sich in Umfangsrichtung mit der ersten Kerbe überschneidet.
Examples of such advantageous minimum distances are:
  1. a) at least a distance that corresponds to the simple length of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction of the felting needle,
  2. b) advantageously, however, a distance that corresponds to twice the length of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction of the felting needle,
  3. c) advantageously, however, a distance that corresponds to four times the length of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction of the felting needle,
  4. d) when there is no further bulge at all in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle which intersects with the first notch in the circumferential direction.

Es ist von Vorteil, wenn die Ausbuchtung bereits vorhanden ist (zum Beispiel bereits im Rohling der Nadel) oder angeformt wird, bevor die Kerbe eingestochen wird. Von weiterem Vorteil ist es, die Kerbe so zu positionieren, dass der Einstichsmeisel beim Einstechen der Kerbe auch Teilbereiche der Ausbuchtung verdrängt, bzw. auf diese Weise die Stärke der Ausbuchtung in der radialen und/oder der Umfangsrichtung der Nadel verstärkt (es bildet sich wieder eine Einstichwulst im Bereich der Ausbuchtung, der diese verstärkt). Dieser Effekt kann Zustande kommen, wenn der Meisel in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft der Ausbuchtung oder sogar an dieser selber angesetzt wird.It is advantageous if the bulge already exists (for example already in the needle blank) or is formed before the notch is made. It is also advantageous to position the notch in such a way that the piercing chisel also displaces partial areas of the bulge when piercing the notch, or in this way increases the strength of the bulge in the radial and/or circumferential direction of the needle (it forms again a puncture bulge in the area of the bulge that reinforces it). This effect can come about when the chisel is applied in the immediate vicinity of the bulge or even on the bulge itself.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die zumindest einem Ausbuchtung sich an einer Stelle der Nadeloberfläche befindet, an der der Rand des Querschnittsprofils des Arbeitsteils besonders weit von der Nadelachse entfernt ist. Dies ist im Bereich der Stege oder im Bereich von Kanten der Fall. Wird diese Gestaltungsmaxime beherzigt, so ragt die zumindest eine Ausbuchtung noch über den bereits exponierten Steg oder die exponierte Kante hinaus, so dass sie beim Prozess des Filzens in sehr starken Kontakt mit Fasern kommt.It is advantageous if the at least one bulge is located at a point on the needle surface at which the edge of the cross-sectional profile of the working part is particularly far away from the needle axis. This is the case in the area of the webs or in the area of edges. If this design maxim is heeded, the at least one bulge protrudes beyond the already exposed web or the exposed edge, so that it comes into very strong contact with fibers during the felting process.

Wenn und soweit es sich bei der Ausbuchtung um eine Presswulst handelt, ist es vorteilhaft, sie mit zumindest zwei Presswerkzeugen herzustellen. Diese beiden Presswerkzeuge wirken - zumindest vorwiegend - in der Umfangsrichtung der Nadel. In der Regel wird die Wirkrichtung jedoch auch Komponenten in der radialen Richtung der Nadel enthalten. Die Wirkrichtung der beiden Presswerkzeuge ist entgegengesetzt, wobei es möglich ist, beide Werkzeuge um den gleichen Betrag oder um unterschiedliche Beträge zu bewegen. Hierbei kann auch ein Werkzeug lediglich als Anschlag dienen, während das oder die anderen bewegt werden.If and to the extent that the bulge is a press bead, it is advantageous to produce it with at least two press tools. These two pressing tools act - at least predominantly - in the circumferential direction of the needle. As a rule, however, the effective direction will also contain components in the radial direction of the needle. The direction of action of the two pressing tools is opposite, it being possible to move both tools by the same amount or by different amounts. In this case, one tool can only serve as a stop while the other tool or tools are being moved.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Ausbuchtung mit einer klar definierten Begrenzungsfläche in radialen Richtung der Nadel versehen wird. Dieses Ausformen der Begrenzungsfläche in der radialen Richtung der Nadel kann bis hin zu einem definierten Einstellen der Höhe der Ausbuchtung gehen. Diese Maßnahme ist damit bei allen Ausführungsformen der in dieser Druckschrift offenbarten und beanspruchten Nadeln vorteilhaft. Das Ausformen kann mit einem zumindest vorwiegend in der radialen Richtung der Nadel wirkenden Stempel vorgenommen werden. Zumindest vorwiegend in der radialen Richtung wirkenden Stempel heißt wieder, dass die Arbeitsfläche des Stempels vorwiegend in der radialen Richtung wirkt. Der Stempel kann vorwiegend in der radialen Richtung bewegt werden. Er kann jedoch auch als Anschlag dienen, der das weitere Wachstum der Ausbuchtung in der radialen Richtung vermeidet. Beispiel: ein solcher in der radialen Richtung wirkender Anschlag vermeidet das weitere Wachsen der Ausbuchtung in Folge eines Pressprozesses, bei dem die Presswerkzeuge vorwiegend in Umfangsrichtung wirken und so das Material der Ausbuchtung in radialer Richtung verdrängen. Der in radialer Richtung wirkende Stempel dient damit in diesem Fall als Anschlag für das verdrängte Material der Ausbuchtung. Hierbei kann der in der radialen Richtung wirkende Anschlag oder Stempel auch baulich mit zumindest einem der Presswerkzeuge verbunden sein (gegebenenfalls sogar einstückig), die vorwiegend in der radialen Richtung der Nadel wirken und die Ausbuchtung erzeugen können, soweit diese eine Presswulst ist.It is advantageous if the bulge is provided with a clearly defined boundary surface in the radial direction of the needle. This shaping of the boundary surface in the radial direction of the needle can go as far as a defined adjustment of the height of the bulge. This measure is therefore advantageous in all embodiments of the needles disclosed and claimed in this publication. The shaping can be carried out with a die that acts at least predominantly in the radial direction of the needle. A stamp that acts at least predominantly in the radial direction again means that the working surface of the stamp acts predominantly in the radial direction. The stamp can be moved mainly in the radial direction. However, it can also serve as a stop that prevents further growth of the bulge in the radial direction. Example: such a stop acting in the radial direction prevents the bulge from growing further as a result of a pressing process in which the pressing tools act predominantly in the circumferential direction and thus displace the material of the bulge in the radial direction. In this case, the punch acting in the radial direction serves as a stop for the displaced material of the bulge. The stop or stamp acting in the radial direction can also be structurally connected to at least one of the pressing tools (possibly even in one piece), which act primarily in the radial direction of the needle and can produce the bulge if this is a press bead.

Die nachfolgenden Figuren zeigen weitere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung.

Fig. 1
Figur 1 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Teilbereichs einer Nadel des Standes der Technik.
Fig. 2
Figur 2 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Teilbereichs einer Nadel, die bereits mit einer Ausbuchtung 7 versehen wurde.
Fig. 3
Figur 3 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Teilbereichs einer Nadel 1 mit einer Ausbuchtung 7 und eine Kerbe 2.
Fig. 4
Figur 4 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Querschnitts des Arbeitsteiles einer so genannten Standard Dreikantnadel.
Fig. 5
Figur 5 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Querschnitts des Arbeitsteiles einer so genannten Cross Star Nadel.
Fig. 6
Figur 6 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Querschnitts des Arbeitsteiles einer so genannten Tropfenformnadel.
Fig. 7
Figur 7 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Querschnitts des Arbeitsteiles einer so genannten Pinchblade Nadel.
Fig. 8
Figur 8 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Querschnitts des Arbeitsteiles einer so genannten Tristar Nadel.
Fig. 9
Figur 9 zeigt eine Seitenansicht des Querschnitts des Arbeitsteiles einer so genannten Eco Star Nadel.
Fig. 10
Figur 10 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Filznadel 1.
Fig. 11
Figur 11 zeigt einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 3.
Fig. 12
Figur 12 zeigt einen Teilbereich einer Nadel zur Verdeutlichung weiterer Begriffe.
Fig. 13
Figur 13 zeigt wieder eine Querschnittsfläche eines Arbeitsteiles einer Nadel.
Fig. 14
Figur 14 zeigt wieder eine Querschnittsfläche eines Arbeitsteiles einer Nadel, wobei eine Ausbuchtung aus einem Fremdmaterial vorhanden ist.
Fig. 15
Figur 15 zeigt wieder eine weitere Querschnittsfläche eines Arbeitsteiles einer Nadel, wobei eine Ausbuchtung aus einem Fremdmaterial vorhanden ist.
Fig. 16
Figur 16 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Teilbereichs einer Nadel 1 mit einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Ausbuchtung 7
Fig. 17
Figur 17 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Teilbereichs einer Nadel 1 mit einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform einer Ausbuchtung 7
The following figures show further exemplary embodiments of the invention.
1
figure 1 Figure 12 shows a side view of a portion of a prior art needle.
2
figure 2 shows a side view of a partial area of a needle which has already been provided with a bulge 7 .
3
figure 3 shows a side view of a portion of a needle 1 with a bulge 7 and a notch 2.
4
figure 4 shows a side view of the cross section of the working part of a so-called standard triangular needle.
figure 5
figure 5 shows a side view of the cross section of the working part of a so-called Cross Star needle.
6
figure 6 shows a side view of the cross section of the working part of a so-called gob forming needle.
7
figure 7 Fig. 12 shows a side view of the cross-section of the working part of a so-called pinchblade needle.
8
figure 8 Figure 12 shows a side view of the cross-section of the working part of a so-called Tristar needle.
9
figure 9 shows a side view of the cross-section of the working part of a so-called Eco Star needle.
10
figure 10 shows a perspective view of a felting needle 1.
11
figure 11 shows a section figure 3 .
12
figure 12 shows a part of a needle to clarify other terms.
13
figure 13 Figure 12 again shows a cross-sectional area of a working part of a needle.
14
figure 14 Figure 12 again shows a cross-sectional area of a working portion of a needle where a bulge of foreign material is present.
15
figure 15 Figure 12 shows another cross-sectional area of a working portion of a needle where a bulge of foreign material is present.
16
figure 16 shows a side view of a partial area of a needle 1 with an embodiment of a bulge 7 that is not according to the invention
17
figure 17 shows a side view of a partial area of a needle 1 with an embodiment of a bulge 7 that is not according to the invention

Figur 1 zeigt eine Seitenansicht einer Filznadel 1 des Standes der Technik mit einer Kerbe 2 und einer durch den Einstich der Kerbe erzeugten Kerbenwulst 3. Die Kerbe 2 besitzt eine Kerbentiefe 5. Die untere Begrenzung der Kerbe 2 ist der Kerbengrund 9. Von weiterer Bedeutung ist die Kerbenbrust 20, die mit zunehmender Höhe (in der radialen Richtung) in dem Wendepunkt 18 der Kerbenbrust 20 endet. Oft wird der Einfluss der Kerbenwulst unter Zuhilfenahme des Kerbenüberstandes 4 (= radialer Abstand zwischen dem Maximum 19 der Höhe der Kerbenwulst 3 und dem Wendepunkt der Kerbenbrust 18 quantifiziert). figure 1 shows a side view of a felting needle 1 of the prior art with a notch 2 and a notch bulge 3 created by the puncture of the notch. The notch 2 has a notch depth 5. The lower limit of the notch 2 is the notch base 9. The notch breast is of further importance 20, which ends with increasing height (in the radial direction) in the inflection point 18 of the notch face 20. The influence of the notch bulge is often quantified with the help of the notch projection 4 (=radial distance between the maximum 19 of the height of the notch bulge 3 and the turning point of the notch face 18).

Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Nadel 1 besitzt eine standard dreikant Querschnittsform 24, wie sie in Figur 4 gezeigt wird. Auch die in den Figuren 2 und 3 gezeigten Filznadeln 1 besitzen diese Querschnittsform 24. Von der Betrachtungsebene 17 aus (siehe Figur 4) ist daher auch der Steg 6 (solche Stege werden oft auch Fase genannt) zu erkennen.In the figure 1 The needle 1 shown has a standard triangular cross-sectional shape 24, as shown in figure 4 will be shown. Also the ones in the figures 2 and 3 The felting needles 1 shown have this cross-sectional shape 24. From the viewing plane 17 (see figure 4 ) the web 6 (such webs are often also called bevels) can therefore also be seen.

In Figur 2 ist zusätzlich zu den erwähnten Merkmalen die Ausbuchtung 7 mit ihrer maximalen Höhe 21 zu erwähnen. Eine solche Ausbuchtung kann, wie bereits erwähnt, in verschiedener Weise hergestellt werden. Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 2 ist der Stempelabdruck 8 zu erkennen, der darauf hinweist, dass die dort gezeigte Ausbuchtung 7 durch einen Prägevorgang zu Stande gekommen ist. In Figur 2 ist keine Kerbe 2 gezeigt.In figure 2 in addition to the features mentioned, the bulge 7 with its maximum height 21 should be mentioned. As already mentioned, such a bulge can be produced in various ways. In the embodiment according to figure 2 the stamp impression 8 can be seen, which indicates that the bulge 7 shown there came about as a result of an embossing process. In figure 2 no notch 2 is shown.

Schließlich zeigt Figur 3 eine Seitenansicht einer Filznadel 1, die zusätzlich zu der Ausbuchtung auch mit einer Kerbe 2 versehen ist, so dass auch wieder ein Kerbengrund 9 und eine Kerbenbrust 20 zu sehen sind. Die in Figur 3 gezeigte Geometrie von Kerbe 2 und Ausbuchtung 7 kann zu Stande kommen, indem die Kerbe 2 durch einen Einstich, der die Oberfläche der bereits vorhandenen Ausbuchtung 7 durchdringt, hergestellt wird.Finally shows figure 3 a side view of a felting needle 1, which is also provided with a notch 2 in addition to the bulge, so that a notch base 9 and a notch face 20 can also be seen again. In the figure 3 The geometry of the notch 2 and the bulge 7 shown can come about by the notch 2 being produced by a puncture which penetrates the surface of the bulge 7 which is already present.

Die Figuren 4 bis 9 zeigen beispielhaft verschiedene Querschnittsformen 24-29 von Arbeitsteilen 15 von Filznadeln. Diese Querschnittsformen oder -flächen erstrecken sich in der Ebene, die von der radialen Richtung (r) und der Umfangsrichtung (ϕ) der jeweiligen Filznadel 1 aufgespannt wird. Diese Arbeitsteile 15 sind vorteilhaft, jedoch ist die Anwendung der vorliegenden Erfindung auch auf andere Querschnittsformen ausdehnbar.The Figures 4 to 9 show examples of different cross-sectional shapes 24-29 of working parts 15 of felting needles. These cross-sectional shapes or areas extend in the plane spanned by the radial direction (r) and the circumferential direction (φ) of the respective felting needle 1 . These working parts 15 are advantageous, but the application of the present invention is extendable to other cross-sectional shapes.

Figur 4 zeigt eine standard dreikant Querschnittsform 24 eines Arbeitsteiles 15, das mit drei Stegen 6 versehen ist. Die Betrachtungsebene 17 der Figuren 1-3, 11 und 12 sowie 16 und 17 wurde bereits erwähnt. Die Figur 5 zeigt die Querschnittsform eines Arbeitsteiles 15, die oft unter dem Markennamen Cross Star 25 vertrieben wird und die über vier Stege 6 verfügt. Die Querschnittsform 26 in Figur 6 wird in Fachkreisen oft Tropfenform genannt. Die in Figur 7 gezeigte Querschnittsform 27 wird in Fachkreisen oft Pinchblade genannt. Die Figuren 8 und 9 zeigen eine Tristar 28 bzw. EcoStar 29 genannte Querschnittsform. Allen genannten Querschnittsformen ist gemein, dass sie sich in dem Arbeitsteil 15 der Nadel in der radialen (r) und der Umfangsrichtung (ϕ) erstrecken und in einem Großteil der Längserstreckung des Arbeitsteiles die Querschnittsform desselben bilden. Oft bilden nur die Kerben 2 sowie die Kerbenwülste 3 und Ausbuchtungen 7 in dieser Hinsicht Ausnahmen. Die Aufzählung der Querschnittsformen in der vorliegegenden Druckschrift hat beispielhaften Charakter. Die vorliegende Erfindung eignet sich zur vorteilhaften Weiterbildung aller bekannten und zukünftigen Querschnittsformen. Die selbe Aussage gilt in Bezug auf unterschiedliche Formen von Kerben. figure 4 shows a standard triangular cross-sectional shape 24 of a working part 15, which is provided with three webs 6. The viewing level 17 of Figures 1-3 , 11 and 12 as well as 16 and 17 was already mentioned. The figure 5 shows the cross-sectional shape of a working part 15, which is often sold under the brand name Cross Star 25 and which has four webs 6. The cross-sectional shape is 26 in figure 6 is often called the drop shape in professional circles. In the figure 7 The cross-sectional shape 27 shown is often called a pinch blade in professional circles. The Figures 8 and 9 show a cross-sectional shape called Tristar 28 or EcoStar 29. All of the cross-sectional shapes mentioned have in common that they extend in the working part 15 of the needle in the radial (r) and the circumferential direction (φ) and form the cross-sectional shape of the same in a large part of the longitudinal extent of the working part. Often only the notches 2 and the notch beads 3 and bulges 7 are exceptions in this respect. The enumeration of the cross-sectional shapes in the present document has an exemplary character. The present invention is suitable for the advantageous development of all known and future cross-sectional shapes. The same statement applies to different shapes of notches.

Figur 10 zeigt eine Filznadel 1 zur Verdeutlichung einiger in dieser Druckschrift gebrauchter Begriffe. Wie viele Filznadeln weist diese 1 einen Fuß 10 zu ihrer Befestigung in einem Nadelbrett auf. Nach einer 90° Biegung beginnt der Schaft 11 der Filznadeln, der nach dem oberen Konus 12 in einen reduzierten Schaft 13 übergeht. Natürlich sind auch Filznadeln bekannt, die lediglich über einen Schaft mit einem einheitlichen Durchmesser und nicht über einen Schaft 11 und einen reduzierten Schaft 13 verfügen. Der untere Konus 14 bildet den Übergang zu dem Arbeitsteil 15, an dem Kerben 2 zu sehen sind. Die Filznadel 1 endet in einer Spitze 16. Natürlich sind auch Strukturierungsnadeln bekannt, bei denen diese "Spitze" 16 bzw. ihr arbeitsseitiges Ende eine andere Kontur haben als bei klassischen Nadeln. Die vorliegende Erfindung ist bei beliebigen Filznadeln vorteilhaft einsetzbar. figure 10 shows a felting needle 1 to clarify some of the terms used in this publication. Like many felting needles, this 1 has a foot 10 for fastening it in a needle board. After a 90° bend, the shank 11 of the felting needle begins, which merges into a reduced shank 13 after the upper cone 12 . Of course, felting needles are also known which only have a shank with a uniform diameter and not a shank 11 and a reduced shank 13 . The lower cone 14 forms the transition to the working part 15, on which notches 2 can be seen. The felting needle 1 ends in a tip 16. Of course, structuring needles are also known in which this "tip" 16 or its working-side end has a different contour than in classic needles. The present invention can be advantageously used with any felting needles.

Figur 11 zeigt einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Figur 3. In dieser Figur werden insbesondere einige Abstände 30, 31, 32 erklärt:

  • Die Längserstreckung 30 der Ausbuchtung 7 in z-Richtung, die vom Beginn 35 der Ausbuchtung bis zu dem Wendepunkt 18 der Kerbenbrust 20 reicht.
  • Der Abstand 31 in Längsrichtung (z) des Höhenmaximum 21 der Ausbuchtung 7 zum Wendepunkt 18 der Kerbenbrust.
  • Die Längserstreckung 32 der Kerbenöffnung/die Länge 32 der Kerbenöffnung in Längsrichtung (z) der Nadel 1.
figure 11 shows an enlarged section figure 3 . In this figure some distances 30, 31, 32 are explained in particular:
  • The longitudinal extent 30 of the bulge 7 in the z-direction, which extends from the start 35 of the bulge to the turning point 18 of the notch breast 20 .
  • The distance 31 in the longitudinal direction (z) of the height maximum 21 of the bulge 7 to the turning point 18 of the notch breast.
  • The length 32 of the notch opening/length 32 of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle 1.

Figur 12 zeigt einen verbreiteten Ausschnitt der in den Figuren 3 und 11 gezeigten Nadel 1 aus derselben Betrachterebene 17. So sind in Figur 12 zwei Kerben 2 und zwei Ausbuchtungen 7 zu sehen. Die vorgenannten Gegenstände haben dieselbe Position in Umfangsrichtung (ϕ). Die Länge 32 der Kerbenöffnung in Längsrichtung (z) der Nadel 1 und der Abstand 33 des Randes der Kerbenöffnung bis zum Beginn der nächsten Ausbuchtung 7 ist ebenfalls dargestellt. Wie bereits erwähnt ist es vorteilhaft, wenn diese beiden Längen bzw. Abstände 32, 33 in einem gewissen Verhältnis stehen bzw. ein gewisser Mindestabstand 33 eingehalten wird. figure 12 shows a common excerpt of the Figures 3 and 11 shown needle 1 from the same viewing plane 17. So are in figure 12 two notches 2 and two bulges 7 can be seen. The above items have the same position in the circumferential (φ) direction. The length 32 of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle 1 and the distance 33 from the edge of the notch opening to the start of the next bulge 7 is also shown. As already mentioned, it is advantageous if these two lengths or distances 32, 33 are in a certain relationship or if a certain minimum distance 33 is maintained.

Die Figuren 13-15 zeigen wieder Querschnittsflächen 27-29 von Arbeitsteilen von Filznadeln 1, die entlang der von der radialen Richtung (r) und der Umfangsrichtung (ϕ) der Nadeln aufgespannten Ebene verlaufen. Es ist vorteilhaft aber keineswegs unabdingbar, dass die Ausbuchtung 7 auf einem Steg 6 liegt. Es gibt eine Reihe von vorteilhaften Möglichkeiten, eine solche Ausbuchtung zu schaffen. Beispiele:

  • Bei bzw. im Rahmen der Ausformung der Querschnittsfläche 24-29 des Arbeitsteiles 15.
  • Durch einen Prägevorgang, wie er in Figur 13 durch die Pfeile 22 symbolisiert wird. Hierbei können zwei oder ein Prägebacken bzw. Prägewerkzeug bewegt werden.
  • Durch das Einbringen von Fremdmaterial 23 wie in Figur 14. gezeigt. Wenn die Ausbuchtung auf einem Steg angebracht werden soll, und wenn die Querschnittsform 24-29 des Arbeitsteiles Stege 6 aufweist, die entlang der Umfangsrichtung um etwa 180° gegeneinander verschoben sind, wie dies bei der Querschnittsform 27 der Fall ist, besteht sogar die Möglichkeit, einen solchen Körper aus einem Fremdmaterial 23 durch die Nadel durchzustechen bzw. durch eine entsprechende Bohrung oder Ähnliches hindurch zu stecken (Figur 15).
The Figures 13-15 again show cross-sectional areas 27-29 of working parts of felting needles 1, which run along the plane spanned by the radial direction (r) and the circumferential direction (φ) of the needles. It is advantageous, but by no means essential, for the bulge 7 to lie on a web 6 . There are a number of beneficial ways to create such a bulge. Examples:
  • During or during the shaping of the cross-sectional area 24-29 of the working part 15.
  • By an embossing process as shown in figure 13 is symbolized by the arrows 22. Two or one embossing die or embossing tool can be moved here.
  • By introducing foreign material 23 as in figure 14 . shown. If the bulge is to be applied to a ridge, and if the cross-sectional shape 24-29 of the working part has ridges 6 which are offset from one another by about 180° along the circumferential direction, as is the case with the cross-sectional shape 27, there is even the possibility to pierce such a body made of a foreign material 23 through the needle or to insert it through a corresponding hole or similar ( figure 15 ).

In der Figur 12 deutet eine gestrichelte Linie an, wo sich die Nadelachse 34 innerhalb der Nadel befindet. Auch die Figuren 6 und 8 geben die Position dieser Nadelachse explizit mit dem Bezugszeichen 34 an. Auch in den anderen Figuren, die Querschnittsflächen von Nadeln 1 zeigen, wird diese Position durch ein Kreuz skizziert. Die Nadelachse 34 ist das Zentrum des in Nadellängsrichtung verlaufenden Teils der Nadel (In Figur 10 Schaft 11, oberer Konus 12, reduzierter Schaft 13, unterer Konus 14, Arbeitsteil 15 und ggf. Spitze 15). Man könnte auch sagen, die Nadelachse 34 ist die Hauptsymmetrieachse der Nadel ohne Fuß 10.In the figure 12 a dashed line indicates where the needle axis 34 is within the needle. Also the Figures 6 and 8 explicitly indicate the position of this needle axis with the reference number 34 . This position is also outlined by a cross in the other figures, which show cross-sectional areas of needles 1 . The needle axis 34 is the center of the part of the needle running in the longitudinal direction of the needle (Fig figure 10 Shank 11, upper cone 12, reduced shank 13, lower cone 14, working part 15 and possibly tip 15). One could also say that the needle axis 34 is the main axis of symmetry of the needle without the butt 10.

Die Figuren 16 und 17 zeigen Seitenansichten eines Teilbereichs zweier Nadeln 1 mit nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsformen von Ausbuchtungen 7, die mit einer speziell angeformten Begrenzungsfläche 36 der Ausbuchtung 7 in radialer Richtung (r) versehen sind. Dieses Ausformen der Begrenzungsfläche 36 kann mit einem radial wirkenden Stempel 37 vorgenommen werden. Der Doppelpfeil 38 zeigt die Wirkrichtung dieses Stempels an. Hierbei heißt Wirkrichtung nicht notwendigerweise, dass der Stempel 37 auch in diese Richtung (r) bewegt wird. Vielmehr kann er 37 auch in dieser Richtung wirken, wenn er gegenüber der Nadel 1 stillsteht und einem weiteren Anwachsen der Ausbuchtung 7 während ihrem Entstehen entgegenwirkt. Das geschilderte Anformen der Begrenzungsfläche 36 ist bei allen Ausführungsformen der gezeigten Nadel vorteilhaft. Durch das Anformen kann die Höhe der Ausbuchtung bzw. der radiale Abstand zwischen der Nadelachse 34 und der Begrenzungsfläche 36 exakt eingestellt werden. Natürlich ist es auch möglich, die Position der Begrenzungsfläche 36 in den anderen Raumrichtungen einzustellen. Dies wird durch den Unterschied der Ausführungsformen gemäß den Figuren 16 und 17 verdeutlicht: bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 16 besteht wieder ein Abstand 31 zwischen dem Höhenmaximum 21 der Ausbuchtung 7 und dem Wendepunkt 18 der Kerbenbrust. Nach dem Erreichen des Höhenmaximums 21 beginnt die Begrenzungsfläche 36.The figures 16 and 17 show side views of a portion of two needles 1 with non-inventive embodiments of bulges 7, which are provided with a specially formed boundary surface 36 of the bulge 7 in the radial direction (r). This shaping of the boundary surface 36 can be carried out with a radially acting die 37 . The double arrow 38 indicates the effective direction of this stamp. In this case, the effective direction does not necessarily mean that the plunger 37 is also moved in this direction (r). On the contrary, it can also act in this direction if it is stationary in relation to the needle 1 and counteracts further growth of the bulge 7 while it is being formed. The described molding of the boundary surface 36 is advantageous in all embodiments of the needle shown. The height of the bulge or the radial distance between the needle axis 34 and the boundary surface 36 can be set exactly by the molding. It is of course also possible to set the position of the delimiting surface 36 in the other spatial directions. This is due to the difference between the embodiments according to FIG figures 16 and 17 clarifies: in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG figure 16 there is again a distance 31 between the maximum height 21 of the bulge 7 and the turning point 18 of the notch breast. After reaching the maximum height 21, the boundary surface 36 begins.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 17 ist der Abstand 31 auf "null" zusammengeschrumpft. Dieses Ergebnis kann durch eine andere relative Positionierung des radial wirkenden Stempels 37 in der Längsrichtung (z) der Nadel 1 bei dem Anformen der Begrenzungsfläche 36 erreicht werden (siehe erneut Figur 17).In the embodiment according to figure 17 the distance 31 has shrunk to "zero". This result can be achieved by a different relative positioning of the radially acting punch 37 in the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle 1 when forming the boundary surface 36 (see again figure 17 ).

Auch durch dieses Beispiel wird verdeutlicht, dass sich mit den dargestellten Verfahren sehr viele Varianten von Filznadeln sehr zuverlässig herstellen lassen. Bezugszeichenliste 1 Filznadel 2 Kerbe 3 Kerbenwulst 4 Kerbenüberstand 5 Kerbentiefe 6 Steg 7 Ausbuchtung 8 Stempelabdruck 9 Kerbengrund 10 Fuß der Filznadel 11 Schaft der Filznadel 12 oberer Konus 13 Reduzierter Schaft der Filznadeln 14 unterer Konus 15 Arbeitsteil 16 Spitze der Nadel 17 Betrachtungsebene 18 Wendepunkt der Kerbenbrust 19 Maximum der Höhe Kerbenwulst 20 Kerben brust 21 Maximum der Höhe der Ausbuchtung 22 Pfeile die eine Zangenbewegung andeuten 23 Fremdmaterial 24 Standard Dreikant 25 Cross Star 26 Tropfenform 27 Pinchblade 28 Tristar 29 Eco Star 30 Längserstreckung (z) der Ausbuchtung 7 31 Abstand in Längsrichtung des Höhenmaximums 21 der Ausbuchtung vom Wendepunkt 18 der Kerben brust 32 Längserstreckung (z) der Kerbenöffnung 2/Länge der Kerbenöffnung in Längsrichtung der Nadel 1 33 Abstand in Längsrichtung Öffnung erste Kerbe 3 zu weiterer Ausbuchtung 7 34 Nadelachse, Symmetrieachse der Nadel ohne Fuß 35 Beginn der Ausbuchtung (hier beginnt sich die Ausbuchtung - in der der Kerbe abgewandten Seite - über die Umfangsfläche des Querschnittsprofils des Arbeitsteils zu erheben) 36 Begrenzungsfläche der Ausbuchtung in radialer Richtung 37 Radial wirkender Stempel 38 Pfeil in Wirkrichtung des Stempels z Koordinaten der Nadellängsrichtung r Koordinaten der radialen Richtung der Nadel ϕ Koordinaten der Umfangsrichtung der Nadel This example also makes it clear that a large number of variants of felting needles can be produced very reliably with the methods shown. Reference List 1 felting needle 2 score 3 notch bead 4 notch protrusion 5 notch depth 6 web 7 bulge 8th stamp imprint 9 notch reason 10 foot of the felting needle 11 shaft of the felting needle 12 upper cone 13 Reduced shank of the felting needles 14 lower cone 15 working part 16 tip of the needle 17 viewing level 18 Inflection point of the notch breast 19 Maximum notch bead height 20 notches chest 21 Maximum of the height of the bulge 22 Arrows indicating a pincer movement 23 foreign material 24 Standard triangular 25 CrossStar 26 teardrop shape 27 pinchblade 28 Tristar 29 Eco Star 30 Longitudinal extent (z) of the bulge 7 31 Distance in the longitudinal direction of the height maximum 21 of the bulge from the inflection point 18 of the notches chest 32 Longitudinal extent (z) of the notch opening 2/length of the notch opening in the longitudinal direction of the needle 1 33 Distance in the longitudinal direction of the opening of the first notch 3 to the further bulge 7 34 Needle axis, axis of symmetry of the needle without a foot 35 Beginning of the bulge (here the bulge - on the side facing away from the notch - begins to rise above the peripheral surface of the cross-sectional profile of the working part) 36 Boundary surface of the bulge in the radial direction 37 Radial stamp 38 Arrow in the effective direction of the stamp e.g Coordinates of the needle longitudinal direction right Coordinates of the radial direction of the needle ϕ Coordinates of the circumferential direction of the needle

Claims (13)

  1. Method for preparing at least one felting needle (1), which extends from a suspension (10) to its working end (16) in its longitudinal direction (z), said method comprising the following method features:
    - providing a felting needle blank,
    - shaping a working part (15) with a cross-sectional area (24-29) which extends in the radial direction (r) and the circumferential direction (ϕ) of the felting needle (1) and forms the cross-sectional area (24-29) of the working part (15) at least over most of the longitudinal extent (z) of same (15),
    - pricking a barb (2), which engages in the working part (15) and is formed by a recess (2) which extends from the outer surface of the working part (15) in the direction of the interior of the felting needle (1),
    characterized in that
    - at least one bulge (7), which protrudes beyond the circumferential surface of the felting needle (1) in its working part (15) in its radial direction (r) and which (7) extends in the longitudinal direction (z) of the at least one felting needle (1) only over a partial reach of the extent of the working part (15), is shaped,
    - and wherein the positions of the barb (2) and the bulge (7) are selected in such a way that the barb (2) adjoins the outer surface of the bulge (7) in the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle (1).
  2. Method according to the preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    the bulge (7) is shaped before or after the barb (2) is pricked.
  3. Method according to the preceding claim,
    characterized in that,
    when the barb (2) is pricked, the barbing tool also displaces partial areas of the bulge (7).
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    - a working part (15), which has at least one corner or web (6) extending over most of the longitudinal extent of the working part (15), is shaped,
    - and in that the at least one bulge (7) is shaped over part of the longitudinal extent (z) of the at least one corner or of the at least one web (6) .
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the at least one bulge (7) is shaped using at least two pressing tools, which have opposite directions of action at least predominantly in the radial direction (r) of the needle (1).
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a boundary surface (36) of the bulge (7), which at least predominantly delimits the latter (7) in the radial direction (r) of the needle (1), is shaped by at least one die (37) acting predominantly in the radial direction (r) of the needle (1).
  7. Method according to the preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    • the at least one die (37) acting in the radial direction (r) is moved in the radial direction (r) of the needle (1) during or after the shaping of the bulge (7),
    • or in that the die (37) acting in the radial direction (r) of the needle (1) performs no relative movement with respect to the needle and serves as a stop for the material of the bulge in the radial direction of the needle during the shaping of the bulge (7),
    • and thus shapes the boundary surface (36) of the bulge (7) that delimits the latter (7) at least predominantly in the radial direction (r) of the needle (1).
  8. Method according to one of the three preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    use is made of at least one die (37) which acts in the radial direction (r), also has a working surface acting at least predominantly in the circumferential direction (ϕ), and is also used to shape the bulge (7) .
  9. Felting needle (1), prepared by a method according to Claim 1, which extends from a suspension (10) to its working end (16) in its longitudinal direction (z) and comprises a working part (15), which extends in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1) over part of the longitudinal extent (z) of the felting needle (1) and comprises the following features:
    • a cross-sectional area (24-29), which extends in the radial direction (r) and the circumferential direction (ϕ) of the felting needle (1) and forms the cross-sectional area (24-29) of the working part (15) over most of the longitudinal extent of same (15),
    • at least one barb (2), which engages in the working part (15) and is formed by a recess which extends from the outer surface of the working part (15) in the direction of the interior of the felting needle (1),
    characterized by
    • at least one bulge (7), which protrudes beyond the circumferential surface of the felting needle (1) in its working part (15) in its radial direction (r),
    • wherein the bulge (7) extends in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1) only over a partial area of the extent of the working part (15) in this direction (z),
    • wherein the bulge (7) comprises volume components which are not part of a kick-up (3) of the barb (2),
    • and wherein the barb (2) adjoins the bulge in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1),
    • and wherein the height (H), measured from the needle axis (34) in the radial direction (r), of the at least one bulge (7) varies along the extent (30) of the bulge (7) in the direction of the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1),
    • and the height (H), measured from the needle axis (34) in the radial direction (r), of the at least one bulge (7) comprises at least one local maximum (21) along the extent (30) of the bulge (7) in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1), said local maximum being at a distance from the closest edge (18) of the barb (2) in the longitudinal direction (z) of the needle (1) that is:
    • at least 25% of the total longitudinal extent (30) of the bulge (7)
    • or, more advantageously still, at least 30% of the total longitudinal extent (30) of the bulge (7) .
  10. Felting needle according to the preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    the at least one bulge (7) comprises volume components of a kick-up (3).
  11. Felting needle according to either of the preceding Claims 9 and 10,
    characterized in that
    the width of the at least one bulge (7) in the circumferential direction (ϕ) of the needle tapers with increasing height (H) in the radial direction (r) .
  12. Felting needle according to one of the preceding Claims 9 to 11,
    characterized in that
    the at least one bulge (7) is a press bead.
  13. Felting needle according to one of the preceding Claims 9 to 11,
    characterized in that,
    • on that side of the at least one bulge (7) where the at least one barb (2) adjoins the outer surface of the at least one bulge (7), at least at a distance (33) corresponding to the length (32) of the barb opening in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1),
    • advantageously, however, at a distance corresponding to twice the length (32) of the barb opening in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1),
    • advantageously, however, at a distance (33) corresponding to four times the length (32) of the barb opening in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1),
    • there is no further bulge (7) in the longitudinal direction (z) of the felting needle (1) that overlaps the at least one barb (2) in the circumferential direction (ϕ).
EP16177989.7A 2016-07-05 2016-07-05 Felting needle and method for manufacturing at least one felting needle Active EP3266919B1 (en)

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EP16177989.7A EP3266919B1 (en) 2016-07-05 2016-07-05 Felting needle and method for manufacturing at least one felting needle
ES16177989T ES2951533T3 (en) 2016-07-05 2016-07-05 Felting needle and procedure for manufacturing at least one felting needle
PL16177989.7T PL3266919T3 (en) 2016-07-05 2016-07-05 Felting needle and method for manufacturing at least one felting needle
KR1020187032271A KR102318474B1 (en) 2016-07-05 2017-06-28 Felt needles and methods of making at least one felt needle
CN201780042275.3A CN109415860B (en) 2016-07-05 2017-06-28 Felting needle and method for producing at least one felting needle
RU2018139325A RU2726795C1 (en) 2016-07-05 2017-06-28 Felting needle and method of making at least one felting needle
JP2018559832A JP6982002B2 (en) 2016-07-05 2017-06-28 How to make a felt needle and at least one felt needle
PCT/EP2017/065963 WO2018007221A1 (en) 2016-07-05 2017-06-28 Felting needle and method for producing at least one felting needle
BR112018069757-5A BR112018069757B1 (en) 2016-07-05 2017-06-28 FELTING NEEDLE AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING AT LEAST ONE FELTING NEEDLE
US16/315,459 US10920350B2 (en) 2016-07-05 2017-06-28 Felting needle and method for producing at least one felting needle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2495926A (en) 1947-01-30 1950-01-31 Edson P Foster Felting needle
US2678484A (en) 1950-09-26 1954-05-18 Foster Edson P Felting needle
US2696035A (en) * 1952-08-26 1954-12-07 Edson P Foster Felting needle
US3224067A (en) 1963-10-11 1965-12-21 Edson P Foster Felting needles
US3307238A (en) * 1965-03-05 1967-03-07 Edson P Foster Felting needle
US3390440A (en) * 1966-02-17 1968-07-02 Edson P. Foster Felting needles
US3464097A (en) * 1967-06-01 1969-09-02 Singer Co Felting needle
US3641636A (en) * 1970-10-14 1972-02-15 Edson P Foster Felting needle
BE793988A (en) * 1972-01-14 1973-05-02 Torrington Co FELT NEEDLE
US3913189A (en) * 1975-01-06 1975-10-21 Edson P Foster Felting needle with barb on a single edge and an isosceles blade
DE2518066A1 (en) * 1975-04-23 1976-11-04 Torrington Gmbh FELTING NEEDLE
US3983611A (en) * 1975-09-24 1976-10-05 The Singer Company Kick-up barb for felting needles
US4065955A (en) * 1976-06-15 1978-01-03 Foster Needle Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a uniform felting needle barb
CN201506901U (en) * 2009-09-03 2010-06-16 台州宇星制针有限公司 Star fracture resistant nonwoven needle
CN202519443U (en) * 2012-03-15 2012-11-07 东华大学 Forward felting needle of needling machine
CN104790125A (en) * 2015-04-24 2015-07-22 寿光市发达布业有限公司 Felting needle for glass fiber polyester spunbond non-woven fabric

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WO2018007221A1 (en) 2018-01-11
BR112018069757B1 (en) 2022-09-20
JP6982002B2 (en) 2021-12-17
US20190301066A1 (en) 2019-10-03
KR20190025543A (en) 2019-03-11
KR102318474B1 (en) 2021-11-01
EP3266919A1 (en) 2018-01-10
BR112018069757A2 (en) 2019-02-05
JP2019519689A (en) 2019-07-11
EP3266919C0 (en) 2023-06-07
RU2726795C1 (en) 2020-07-15
ES2951533T3 (en) 2023-10-23
CN109415860A (en) 2019-03-01
PL3266919T3 (en) 2023-11-27
US10920350B2 (en) 2021-02-16
CN109415860B (en) 2022-04-05

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