EP3208462A1 - Centrifugal pump stage - Google Patents
Centrifugal pump stage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3208462A1 EP3208462A1 EP17157493.2A EP17157493A EP3208462A1 EP 3208462 A1 EP3208462 A1 EP 3208462A1 EP 17157493 A EP17157493 A EP 17157493A EP 3208462 A1 EP3208462 A1 EP 3208462A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- impeller
- centrifugal pump
- shaft
- bush
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 TeflonĀ® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D1/06—Multi-stage pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/16—Sealings between pressure and suction sides
- F04D29/165—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for liquid pumps
- F04D29/167—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for liquid pumps of a centrifugal flow wheel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/2261—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures
- F04D29/2266—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps with special measures for sealing or thrust balance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/18—Rotors
- F04D29/20—Mounting rotors on shafts
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a centrifugal pump stage with floating impeller, intended, in particular, for use in multistage centrifugal pumps
- centrifugal pumps For transferring a liquid from a lower space to a higher space.
- Such centrifugal pumps generally have an outer tubular casing provided with a plurality of radial openings for the entrance of the liquid, usually called suction openings, and with an opening for the exit of the liquid, called outlet opening.
- the working members of the pump are housed inside the tubular casing.
- the working members are substantially made up of a pump unit and a motor unit, generally of electric type; the pump unit is predisposed to transfer the liquid from the suction openings to the outlet opening.
- the pump unit is made up of a plurality of stages, arranged in series along the longitudinal axis of the motor shaft of the motor unit, so as to increase the pressure drop at equal flow rates at the pump inlet.
- Each stage of the centrifugal pump comprises a rotating member, or impeller, predisposed to be driven in rotation by the motor shaft, that extends coaxially to the tubular sleeve of the pump, and a stationary member or diffuser predisposed to convey the liquid from a stage to another, until the outlet opening. More precisely the diffuser is usually extended at a fist face of the impeller and is closed by a suction lid substantially having substantially the shape of a disc extending at a second face of the impeller.
- US 7,290,984 discloses for example a multistage centrifugal pump of this type.
- the hub of the impeller is provided with sealing means, at which the impeller is supported, in use, by the diffuser unit in rotatable manner.
- US 2,526,751 discloses a mounting device of the impeller on the motor shaft.
- the hub of the impeller is rigidly fixed to the motor shaft, in the use position, by a pair of expanding inserts, substantially semi-circular, mounted on a shaft portion of reduced diameter.
- the expanding inserts deform in such a way as to act on the opposing surfaces of the shaft and the impeller hub, creating a rigid coupling.
- US 3,265,001 discloses a multistage centrifugal pump in which the impeller of each stage is supported floating at the relative diffuser unit.
- the impeller hub is, in fact, mounted axially slidable on the motor shaft by which is driven in rotation; the stroke of the floating impeller is limited by suitable stop means, for example of annular shape, mounted on the motor shaft.
- the impeller is supported in sliding contact, along an annular portion, at the cited lid of the diffuser unit, so as to create a sealing area between the rotating part and the static part of the stage. More in particular, the impeller is supported by a thrust bearing placed beneath the hub of the same impeller, in support on a seat of the underlying diffuser.
- WO2015/008224 in the name of the Applicant discloses a multistage centrifugal pump in which the impeller is supported floating at the diffuser unit between a first position and a second position in which the axial hub is in abutment with respective stop rings rigidly associated with the motor shaft of the pump, so as to be rotatable with the same shaft.
- Assembling the impeller in floating manner allows to reduce the wear and tear of the working members, in particular in case the sand or other abrasive grains are present in the liquid to be pumped. This solution thus allows to prevent abrasive grains to stop at the sliding contact sealing areas, thus preventing that such particles increase the wear and tear phenomena.
- the task of the present invention is that of solving the aforementioned problems, by devising a pump stage with floating impeller which is able to limit the wear and tear of the sliding contact sealing areas.
- a further scope of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal pump stage, which ensures high levels of performance and durability.
- Another scope of the invention is to provide a centrifugal pump stage that enables to minimize the leakage of fluid phenomena in the above-mentioned sealing areas.
- Yet another scope of the invention is to provide a centrifugal pump stage of simple constructive and functional concept, safely reliable in operation, versatile in use, as well as with relatively economic cost.
- the pump stage comprises an impeller made of metallic material and having, at said second face, at least one annular crown, coaxial to the axis of said impeller and predisposed to shape the suction mouth of the liquid inside the same impeller, sealing means with a low friction coefficient being associated with said annular crown and having the outer rim facing a static zone of the pump stage, so as to obtain a sealing area at said suction mouth of the impeller.
- the impeller is provided with an axial hub predisposed to be mounted freely sliding axially on a shaft of the centrifugal pump and is floating, in use, inside a diffuser unit between a first position and a second position in which is in abutment against respective stop means, so as to be rotatable with said shaft.
- said diffuser unit extends at a first face of said impeller and is associated with a suction unit extended at a second face of the impeller.
- said impeller has, at said second face, an inner annular crown, which substantially extends from said axial hub, and an outer annular crown, which extends from said second face of the impeller, both said annular crowns being coaxial to the axis of said impeller and cooperating to define said suction mouth of the liquid inside the impeller.
- respective sealing means are associated with said crowns with low friction coefficient having the outer rim facing a respective static zone of the pump stage.
- respective sealing means with low friction coefficient are associated with said outer annular crown having the outer rim facing a respective static zone of the pump stage extended at said second face of the impeller.
- said sealing means comprise a shaped ring having a coupling seat for coupling with the outer rim of said annular crown.
- said shaped sealing ring has a reduced thickness profile at said rim facing said static zone of the pump stage, so as to reduce the sliding contact.
- said stop means are respectively made up of a bush predisposed to be axially inserted on said shaft of the centrifugal pump, in abutment against the opposite edges of corresponding bushes of adjacent pump stages, said axial hub of the impeller being coaxially mounted on said bush.
- said bush shapes at one end a collar, outwardly extended, defining a first and a second face transverse to the axis of said shaft.
- said bush shapes a shaped portion with prismatic profile, adjacent to said collar, predisposed to engage in use said axial hub of the impeller.
- said bush has an axial extension equal to that of the pump stage with which it is associated.
- said inner annular crown has a free end which is spaced, for a distance of limited largeness, from the front surface of said collar of the bush.
- said collar of the bush faces, with play, a cylindrical lip shaped by a disc which is part of said diffuser unit, at an axial opening of the same disc through which said shaft of the centrifugal pump passes.
- the centrifugal pump stage with floating impeller according to the invention is indicated in its entirety with 1.
- the pump stage 1 comprises an impeller 10 having an axial hub 11 intended to be associated with the motor shaft 2 of the centrifugal pump, as it is better specified in the following.
- the hub 11 is freely axially slidable as well as coupled in rotation with the motor shaft 2.
- the motor shaft 2 is predisposed to be carried in rotation by a motor member of the pump, known per se and not shown in the figures.
- the impeller 10 is mounted floating inside a corresponding diffuser unit 20, to which a suction unit 30 is fixed.
- the diffuser 20 extends at a first face of the impeller 10; the suction unit 30 extends at an opposite second face of the impeller 10.
- the first face of the impeller 10 is arranged superiorly, substantially horizontal, while the second face is arranged inferiorly.
- the impeller 10 is made up of an upper part 12 and of a lower part 13 that extend substantially in direction transverse to the axis of the motor shaft 2.
- the upper part 12 defines the above-mentioned first face of the impeller 10; the lower part 13 defines the above-mentioned second face of the impeller 10.
- the upper and lower parts 12, 13 of the impeller 10 are preferably made of stainless steel.
- the diffuser unit 20 has an outer cylindrical body 21, from which, at one end, inwardly extends a plate 31 shaping the suction unit 30.
- the cylindrical body 21 has a throat that defines the insertion seat on the cylindrical body of the adjacent pump stage; such throat defines as well the housing for an annular joint 7 predisposed to ensure the seal with the adjacent pump stage.
- the plate 31 In assembled configuration, the plate 31 is facing the lower part 13 of the impeller 10.
- the plate 31 centrally has a circular opening 32 through which the motor shaft 2 passes.
- a disc 22 being part of the diffuser unit 20 is facing the plate 31.
- the disc 22 centrally has a circular opening 23 through which the motor shaft 2 passes.
- the disc 22 has a flaring predisposed to define a rim 24 raised with respect to the plane of the same disc 22.
- a series of blades 25 that extend with spiral shape from the central zone to the peripheral zone of the diffuser unit 20.
- the blades 25 shape respective flow channels for the liquid to be pumped.
- the axial hub 11 is made up of a sleeve extending from the upper part 12 of the impeller 10, coaxial in assembled position to the motor shaft 2.
- this sleeve has, at least for a part, a prismatic profile for allowing its drawing in rotation by the motor shaft 2.
- the impeller 10 is floating in use inside the diffuser unit 20 between a first position and a second position in which is in abutment with respective stop means 4, associated in series with the motor shaft 2 of the centrifugal pump so as to be rotatable with the same shaft 2.
- the stop means 4 are made up of respective bushes that axially insert on the shaft 2, the one close to the other.
- the bushes 4 are made, for example, of sintered material.
- the shaft 2 suitably has a polygonal or grooved profile so as to create a prismatic coupling with the inner surface of the bushes 4 having a complementary shape.
- the bushes 4 have an axial extension equal to the one of the pump stage and respectively have a portion 40 with an external cylindrical profile.
- the bush 4 shapes a collar 41, extended outwardly, that is arranged, in use, at the circular opening 23 of the disc 22 of the diffuser unit 20.
- the bush 4 Adjacent to the collar 41, the bush 4 shapes a shaped portion 42 with hexagonal profile, predisposed to engage in use the hub 11 of the impeller 10.
- the hexagonal profile of the shaped portion 42 of the bush 4 is complementary to the inner profile of the hub 11.
- a throat 43 is defined in which the neck of an elastic lip member 3 is held in use.
- the lip member 3 is made for example of rubber.
- the lip member 3 is predisposed to elastically act on the impeller unit 10 to keep it in the correct working position, as it is specified in the following.
- the lip member 3 acts on a raised portion 17 of annular shape, shaped by the upper part 12 of the impeller 10.
- the hub 11 and the lower part 13 of the impeller 10 extend, from the side turned towards the axis of the pump, into a respective annular crown 15, 16 coaxial to the axis of the impeller 10, protruding at said second face of the same impeller 10.
- the annular crowns 15, 16, respectively inner and outer, are predisposed to define the suction mouth of the liquid inside the impeller 10.
- the annular crowns 15, 16 have the outer rim facing a respective static zone of the pump stage, so as to obtain a sealing area at said suction mouth of the impeller 10.
- the outer rim or the annular crowns 15, 16 is facing in use respectively the disc 22 of the diffuser unit 20 and the plate 31 of the suction unit 30.
- sealing means 5, 6 with low friction coefficient are associated with the annular crowns 15, 16, said sealing means 5, 6 being predisposed to abut the above mentioned static zone of the pump stage to obtain the seal at the suction mouth of the impeller 10.
- the sealing means 5, 6 are made up of suitably shaped rings, for example made of Teflon, having an annular notch through which they insert on the outer rim of the annular crowns 15, 16.
- the sealing means of the outer rim of the annular crowns 15, 16 are made differently, for example, of moulded plastic or the like.
- the sealing rings 5, 6, respectively inner and outer, have a reduced thickness at the edge turned towards the static zone of the pump stage, so as to reduce the largeness of the front surface on which the sliding contact is produced.
- the inner sealing ring 5 is made up of a cylindrical sleeve 50 which shapes at one end a crown 51 of reduced thickness, intended for abutting the raised rim 24 of the disc 22.
- the annular crowns 15, 16 that shape the suction mouth of the liquid into the impeller 10 are in support through the respective sealing rings 5, 6 on the raised rim 24 of the disc 22 and on the disc 31 of the suction unit 30, being the static zone of the pump stage.
- the inner shoulder of the sealing ring 5, defined between the sleeve 50 and the crown 51 is suitably placed at an approached distance from the front surface of the collar 41 of the bush 4.
- the lip member 3, elastically acting on the impeller 10, ensures to keep the above-mentioned working position.
- the sealing rings 5, 6 of the annular crowns 15, 16, inner and outer, of the impeller 10 are brought in rotation in contact with the cited static zone, so as to obtain the sealing areas at the suction mouth of the same impeller 10.
- the impeller 10 is floating inside the diffuser unit 20 between a first position, of normal working, in which is in abutment against the bush 4 associated with the shaft 2 of the centrifugal pump, at the same impeller 10, as described above, and a second position, in which the front surface of the sleeve 50 of the inner sealing ring 5 is in abutment against a second bush 4, similarly associated with the shaft 2, at the above pump stage.
- This allows preventing the contact between the upper surface of the impeller 10 and the opposite static surface of the diffuser unit 20, in case the working conditions cause an upward movement of the same impeller 10.
- FIGS 4, 5 and 6 a different embodiment or the centrifugal pump stage according to the invention is shown, in which the annular crown 15 of the hub 11 is deprived of the sealing ring.
- the inner annular crown 15 is not in contact with a static surface, but its edge is spaced, for a portion of limited largeness, from the front surface of the collar 41 of the bush 4. Therefore, in this case, the hydraulic seal in the zone of the hub 11 is not obtained by front shim but rather by the radial play between a cylindrical lip 26 shaped by the disc 22 at the opening 23 and the collar 41 of the bush 4 (see in particular figure 5 ).
- the leakage is not eliminated by wear and tear but remains constant over time.
- the outer annular crown 16 is in support through the sealing ring 6 on the disc 31 of the suction unit 30, being the static zone of the pump stage.
- the sliding contact between the sealing ring 6 and the opposite static zone of the pump stage causes, by friction, a limited wear and tear of the same sealing ring 6, made of a low friction coefficient material.
- the progressive wear and tear of the sealing surface of the sealing ring 6 of the impeller 10 produces a corresponding progressive reduction of the largeness of the space defined between the cited edge of the inner annular crown 15 and the front surface of the collar 41 of the bush 4.
- the wear and tear between the sealing areas in contact is stopped.
- the centrifugal pump stage according to the present invention therefore, reaches the scope of limiting the wear and tear of the sealing areas in sliding contact, ensuring high levels of performance and durability over time.
- the proposed solution allows to minimize the plays between the impeller and the static parts of the pump stage, at the sealing areas. In this way, the hydraulic losses due to leakage in the sealing areas are almost completely eliminated, with obvious improvement in both the production and the flow rate and pressure drop of the centrifugal pump.
- the pump stage described by way of example is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations according to the different needs. It is for example possible to use the described solution also in a single-stage centrifugal pump.
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention concerns a centrifugal pump stage with floating impeller, intended, in particular, for use in multistage centrifugal pumps
- It has been known the use of multiple stage centrifugal pumps for transferring a liquid from a lower space to a higher space. Such centrifugal pumps generally have an outer tubular casing provided with a plurality of radial openings for the entrance of the liquid, usually called suction openings, and with an opening for the exit of the liquid, called outlet opening. The working members of the pump are housed inside the tubular casing. The working members are substantially made up of a pump unit and a motor unit, generally of electric type; the pump unit is predisposed to transfer the liquid from the suction openings to the outlet opening.
- The pump unit is made up of a plurality of stages, arranged in series along the longitudinal axis of the motor shaft of the motor unit, so as to increase the pressure drop at equal flow rates at the pump inlet. Each stage of the centrifugal pump comprises a rotating member, or impeller, predisposed to be driven in rotation by the motor shaft, that extends coaxially to the tubular sleeve of the pump, and a stationary member or diffuser predisposed to convey the liquid from a stage to another, until the outlet opening. More precisely the diffuser is usually extended at a fist face of the impeller and is closed by a suction lid substantially having substantially the shape of a disc extending at a second face of the impeller.
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US 7,290,984 discloses for example a multistage centrifugal pump of this type. In this centrifugal pump, the hub of the impeller is provided with sealing means, at which the impeller is supported, in use, by the diffuser unit in rotatable manner. -
US 2,526,751 discloses a mounting device of the impeller on the motor shaft. The hub of the impeller is rigidly fixed to the motor shaft, in the use position, by a pair of expanding inserts, substantially semi-circular, mounted on a shaft portion of reduced diameter. In the configuration of use, the expanding inserts deform in such a way as to act on the opposing surfaces of the shaft and the impeller hub, creating a rigid coupling. - A specific problem complained by users of centrifugal pumps of known type is the progressive wear and tear of the mobile parts being in reciprocal contact, at which the seal is obtained. In particular, the impeller is usually sustained in sliding support, for an annular portion thereof, on the disc facing it. The axial thrust which acts on the impeller acts as well on the disc and, due to the shim effect produced during the functioning, this causes a progressive wear and tear of the components. This fact obviously shortens the pump life, especially in presence of grains of sand in the pumped liquid.
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US 3,265,001 discloses a multistage centrifugal pump in which the impeller of each stage is supported floating at the relative diffuser unit. The impeller hub is, in fact, mounted axially slidable on the motor shaft by which is driven in rotation; the stroke of the floating impeller is limited by suitable stop means, for example of annular shape, mounted on the motor shaft. The impeller is supported in sliding contact, along an annular portion, at the cited lid of the diffuser unit, so as to create a sealing area between the rotating part and the static part of the stage. More in particular, the impeller is supported by a thrust bearing placed beneath the hub of the same impeller, in support on a seat of the underlying diffuser. -
WO2015/008224 in the name of the Applicant discloses a multistage centrifugal pump in which the impeller is supported floating at the diffuser unit between a first position and a second position in which the axial hub is in abutment with respective stop rings rigidly associated with the motor shaft of the pump, so as to be rotatable with the same shaft. - Assembling the impeller in floating manner allows to reduce the wear and tear of the working members, in particular in case the sand or other abrasive grains are present in the liquid to be pumped. This solution thus allows to prevent abrasive grains to stop at the sliding contact sealing areas, thus preventing that such particles increase the wear and tear phenomena.
- At the same time, the presence of sealing areas between the rotating part and the static part of each centrifugal pump stage should be ensured, in order to limit as long as it is possible the phenomena of leakage of the liquid causing a decrease of the pump performances.
- It is therefore felt by users the need for innovative solutions allowing to limit the wear and tear of the sliding contact sealing areas, while still providing high performance and durability of the centrifugal pump.
- The task of the present invention is that of solving the aforementioned problems, by devising a pump stage with floating impeller which is able to limit the wear and tear of the sliding contact sealing areas.
- Within such task, a further scope of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal pump stage, which ensures high levels of performance and durability.
- Another scope of the invention is to provide a centrifugal pump stage that enables to minimize the leakage of fluid phenomena in the above-mentioned sealing areas.
- Yet another scope of the invention is to provide a centrifugal pump stage of simple constructive and functional concept, safely reliable in operation, versatile in use, as well as with relatively economic cost.
- The above scopes are achieved, according to the present invention, by the centrifugal pump stage with floating impeller according to
claim 1. - According to the present invention, the pump stage comprises an impeller made of metallic material and having, at said second face, at least one annular crown, coaxial to the axis of said impeller and predisposed to shape the suction mouth of the liquid inside the same impeller, sealing means with a low friction coefficient being associated with said annular crown and having the outer rim facing a static zone of the pump stage, so as to obtain a sealing area at said suction mouth of the impeller.
- Advantageously, the impeller is provided with an axial hub predisposed to be mounted freely sliding axially on a shaft of the centrifugal pump and is floating, in use, inside a diffuser unit between a first position and a second position in which is in abutment against respective stop means, so as to be rotatable with said shaft.
- Advantageously, said diffuser unit extends at a first face of said impeller and is associated with a suction unit extended at a second face of the impeller.
- Advantageously, said impeller has, at said second face, an inner annular crown, which substantially extends from said axial hub, and an outer annular crown, which extends from said second face of the impeller, both said annular crowns being coaxial to the axis of said impeller and cooperating to define said suction mouth of the liquid inside the impeller.
- According to a first embodiment of the invention, respective sealing means are associated with said crowns with low friction coefficient having the outer rim facing a respective static zone of the pump stage.
- According to a different embodiment of the invention, respective sealing means with low friction coefficient are associated with said outer annular crown having the outer rim facing a respective static zone of the pump stage extended at said second face of the impeller.
- Preferably, said sealing means comprise a shaped ring having a coupling seat for coupling with the outer rim of said annular crown.
- Preferably, said shaped sealing ring has a reduced thickness profile at said rim facing said static zone of the pump stage, so as to reduce the sliding contact.
- Preferably, said stop means are respectively made up of a bush predisposed to be axially inserted on said shaft of the centrifugal pump, in abutment against the opposite edges of corresponding bushes of adjacent pump stages, said axial hub of the impeller being coaxially mounted on said bush.
- Preferably, said bush shapes at one end a collar, outwardly extended, defining a first and a second face transverse to the axis of said shaft.
- Preferably, said bush shapes a shaped portion with prismatic profile, adjacent to said collar, predisposed to engage in use said axial hub of the impeller.
- Preferably, said bush has an axial extension equal to that of the pump stage with which it is associated.
- Preferably, according to said different embodiment of the invention, said inner annular crown has a free end which is spaced, for a distance of limited largeness, from the front surface of said collar of the bush.
- Preferably, according to said different embodiment of the invention, said collar of the bush faces, with play, a cylindrical lip shaped by a disc which is part of said diffuser unit, at an axial opening of the same disc through which said shaft of the centrifugal pump passes.
- Details of the invention shall be more apparent from the detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the centrifugal pump stage according to the invention, illustrated for indicative purposes in the attached drawings, wherein:
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figure 1 shows an axial cross-sectional view of a plurality of stages assembled in series on the motor shaft of the centrifugal pump; -
figure 2 shows an axial cross-sectional view of a detail of the centrifugal pump stage according to the invention; -
figure 3 shows a perspective exploded view of the centrifugal pump stage according to the invention; -
figures 4, 5 and6 show corresponding views of a different embodiment of the centrifugal pump stage according to the invention. - With particular reference to such figures, the centrifugal pump stage with floating impeller according to the invention is indicated in its entirety with 1. The
pump stage 1 comprises animpeller 10 having anaxial hub 11 intended to be associated with themotor shaft 2 of the centrifugal pump, as it is better specified in the following. In particular, thehub 11 is freely axially slidable as well as coupled in rotation with themotor shaft 2. Themotor shaft 2 is predisposed to be carried in rotation by a motor member of the pump, known per se and not shown in the figures. - The
impeller 10 is mounted floating inside acorresponding diffuser unit 20, to which asuction unit 30 is fixed. Thediffuser 20 extends at a first face of theimpeller 10; thesuction unit 30 extends at an opposite second face of theimpeller 10. In vertical working position, the first face of theimpeller 10 is arranged superiorly, substantially horizontal, while the second face is arranged inferiorly. However, it is possible to use the pump stage according to the invention also in centrifugal pumps with horizontal axis. - More in particular, the
impeller 10 is made up of anupper part 12 and of alower part 13 that extend substantially in direction transverse to the axis of themotor shaft 2. Theupper part 12 defines the above-mentioned first face of theimpeller 10; thelower part 13 defines the above-mentioned second face of theimpeller 10. Between theupper part 12 and thelower part 13 of the impeller there are, in angularly distributed positions, a series of fixedblades 14 extending in spiral shape from the central area to the peripheral area of theimpeller 10. Theblades 14 shape, inside theimpeller 10, respective flow channels for the liquid to be pumped. - The upper and
lower parts impeller 10 are preferably made of stainless steel. - The
diffuser unit 20 has an outercylindrical body 21, from which, at one end, inwardly extends aplate 31 shaping thesuction unit 30. At the above-mentioned end thecylindrical body 21 has a throat that defines the insertion seat on the cylindrical body of the adjacent pump stage; such throat defines as well the housing for an annular joint 7 predisposed to ensure the seal with the adjacent pump stage. - In assembled configuration, the
plate 31 is facing thelower part 13 of theimpeller 10. Theplate 31 centrally has acircular opening 32 through which themotor shaft 2 passes. - A
disc 22 being part of thediffuser unit 20 is facing theplate 31. Thedisc 22 centrally has acircular opening 23 through which themotor shaft 2 passes. At theopening 23, thedisc 22 has a flaring predisposed to define arim 24 raised with respect to the plane of thesame disc 22. Between theplate 31 and thedisc 22 there are, in angularly distributed positions, a series ofblades 25 that extend with spiral shape from the central zone to the peripheral zone of thediffuser unit 20. Theblades 25 shape respective flow channels for the liquid to be pumped. - The
axial hub 11 is made up of a sleeve extending from theupper part 12 of theimpeller 10, coaxial in assembled position to themotor shaft 2. As it is better specified in the following, this sleeve has, at least for a part, a prismatic profile for allowing its drawing in rotation by themotor shaft 2. - The
impeller 10 is floating in use inside thediffuser unit 20 between a first position and a second position in which is in abutment with respective stop means 4, associated in series with themotor shaft 2 of the centrifugal pump so as to be rotatable with thesame shaft 2. - The stop means 4 are made up of respective bushes that axially insert on the
shaft 2, the one close to the other. Thebushes 4 are made, for example, of sintered material. Theshaft 2 suitably has a polygonal or grooved profile so as to create a prismatic coupling with the inner surface of thebushes 4 having a complementary shape. - The
bushes 4 have an axial extension equal to the one of the pump stage and respectively have aportion 40 with an external cylindrical profile. At one end thebush 4 shapes acollar 41, extended outwardly, that is arranged, in use, at thecircular opening 23 of thedisc 22 of thediffuser unit 20. Adjacent to thecollar 41, thebush 4 shapes a shapedportion 42 with hexagonal profile, predisposed to engage in use thehub 11 of theimpeller 10. In particular, the hexagonal profile of the shapedportion 42 of thebush 4 is complementary to the inner profile of thehub 11. - Between the
collar 41 and thehexagonal profile 42 of the bush 4 athroat 43 is defined in which the neck of anelastic lip member 3 is held in use. Thelip member 3 is made for example of rubber. Thelip member 3 is predisposed to elastically act on theimpeller unit 10 to keep it in the correct working position, as it is specified in the following. Suitably, thelip member 3 acts on a raisedportion 17 of annular shape, shaped by theupper part 12 of theimpeller 10. - The
hub 11 and thelower part 13 of theimpeller 10 extend, from the side turned towards the axis of the pump, into a respectiveannular crown impeller 10, protruding at said second face of thesame impeller 10. The annular crowns 15, 16, respectively inner and outer, are predisposed to define the suction mouth of the liquid inside theimpeller 10. - The annular crowns 15, 16 have the outer rim facing a respective static zone of the pump stage, so as to obtain a sealing area at said suction mouth of the
impeller 10. In particular, the outer rim or theannular crowns disc 22 of thediffuser unit 20 and theplate 31 of thesuction unit 30. - According to the present invention, sealing means 5, 6 with low friction coefficient are associated with the
annular crowns impeller 10. In the illustrated case, the sealing means 5, 6 are made up of suitably shaped rings, for example made of Teflon, having an annular notch through which they insert on the outer rim of theannular crowns annular crowns - The sealing rings 5, 6, respectively inner and outer, have a reduced thickness at the edge turned towards the static zone of the pump stage, so as to reduce the largeness of the front surface on which the sliding contact is produced. In particular, the
inner sealing ring 5 is made up of acylindrical sleeve 50 which shapes at one end acrown 51 of reduced thickness, intended for abutting the raisedrim 24 of thedisc 22. - The functioning of the centrifugal pump stage is easy to understand from the preceding description.
- In use, the
annular crowns impeller 10 are in support through the respective sealing rings 5, 6 on the raisedrim 24 of thedisc 22 and on thedisc 31 of thesuction unit 30, being the static zone of the pump stage. In such condition, the inner shoulder of the sealingring 5, defined between thesleeve 50 and thecrown 51 is suitably placed at an approached distance from the front surface of thecollar 41 of thebush 4. Thelip member 3, elastically acting on theimpeller 10, ensures to keep the above-mentioned working position. - Upon actuation of the centrifugal pump, the sealing rings 5, 6 of the
annular crowns impeller 10 are brought in rotation in contact with the cited static zone, so as to obtain the sealing areas at the suction mouth of thesame impeller 10. - In the cited sealing areas, the sliding contact between the sealing rings 5, 6 of the
annular crowns impeller 10 with the opposite static zone of the pump stage causes, by friction, a limited wear and tear of the same sealing rings 5, 6 made of a low friction coefficient material. - It is to be observed that the progressive wear and tear of the sealing surface of the sealing rings 5, 6 of the
impeller 10 produces a corresponding progressive reduction of the largeness of the space defined between the cited inner shoulder of the sealingring 5 and the front surface of thecollar 41 of thebush 4. When such shoulder enters in contact with the front surface of thecollar 41 of thebush 4, in a normal working condition, i.e. at speed, the wear and tear between the sealing areas in contact is stopped. In such condition, theimpeller 10, in fact, is in support on thebush 4 and consequently cannot get closer to the static zone of the pump stage; the rotating sealing areas are therefore spaced from such static zone by minimal plays, such as to prevent important drawing phenomena. - It is to be further observed that that the
bush 4 is brought in rotation by themotor shaft 2 along with theimpeller 10, therefore no drawing phenomena occur between the surfaces in contact. - The
impeller 10 is floating inside thediffuser unit 20 between a first position, of normal working, in which is in abutment against thebush 4 associated with theshaft 2 of the centrifugal pump, at thesame impeller 10, as described above, and a second position, in which the front surface of thesleeve 50 of theinner sealing ring 5 is in abutment against asecond bush 4, similarly associated with theshaft 2, at the above pump stage. This allows preventing the contact between the upper surface of theimpeller 10 and the opposite static surface of thediffuser unit 20, in case the working conditions cause an upward movement of thesame impeller 10. - In
figures 4, 5 and6 a different embodiment or the centrifugal pump stage according to the invention is shown, in which theannular crown 15 of thehub 11 is deprived of the sealing ring. When mounting, the innerannular crown 15 is not in contact with a static surface, but its edge is spaced, for a portion of limited largeness, from the front surface of thecollar 41 of thebush 4. Therefore, in this case, the hydraulic seal in the zone of thehub 11 is not obtained by front shim but rather by the radial play between acylindrical lip 26 shaped by thedisc 22 at theopening 23 and thecollar 41 of the bush 4 (see in particularfigure 5 ). Differently from the preceding embodiment, the leakage is not eliminated by wear and tear but remains constant over time. - The functioning of the pump stage is similar the one previously described for the first embodiment of the invention.
- In use, the outer
annular crown 16 is in support through the sealingring 6 on thedisc 31 of thesuction unit 30, being the static zone of the pump stage. The sliding contact between the sealingring 6 and the opposite static zone of the pump stage causes, by friction, a limited wear and tear of thesame sealing ring 6, made of a low friction coefficient material. - Also in this case, the progressive wear and tear of the sealing surface of the sealing
ring 6 of theimpeller 10 produces a corresponding progressive reduction of the largeness of the space defined between the cited edge of the innerannular crown 15 and the front surface of thecollar 41 of thebush 4. When such edge of theannular crown 15 gets in contact with the front surface of thecollar 41, in a condition of normal working, i.e., at speed, the wear and tear between the sealing areas in contact is stopped. - Such solution has the advantage of requiring a component less, i.e., the sealing ring of the hub, with a consequent reduction of the production costs and a simplification of the assembling step. There is also a lesser energy consumption, as there is one single component, i.e., the sealing
ring 6 of theimpeller 10, moving with sliding contact on the static zone of the pump stage. - The centrifugal pump stage according to the present invention, therefore, reaches the scope of limiting the wear and tear of the sealing areas in sliding contact, ensuring high levels of performance and durability over time.
- At the same time, the proposed solution allows to minimize the plays between the impeller and the static parts of the pump stage, at the sealing areas. In this way, the hydraulic losses due to leakage in the sealing areas are almost completely eliminated, with obvious improvement in both the production and the flow rate and pressure drop of the centrifugal pump.
- The pump stage described by way of example is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations according to the different needs. It is for example possible to use the described solution also in a single-stage centrifugal pump.
- In practice, the used materials as well as the size and shape may vary according to the needs.
- Should the technical characteristics mentioned in the claims be followed by reference signs, such reference signs were included for the sole purpose of increasing the understanding of the claims and thus they shall not be deemed limiting the scope of the element identified by such reference signs by way of example.
Claims (10)
- Centrifugal pump comprising a motor shaft (2) and a plurality of centrifugal pump stages (1) mounted in series on said motor shaft (2), each centrifugal pump stage (1) comprising an impeller (10) provided with an axial hub (11) predisposed to be mounted in freely slidable axial manner on said shaft (2) of the centrifugal pump coaxial thereto;
a diffuser unit (20) extended at a first face of said impeller (10);
a suction unit (30) associated with said diffuser unit (20) and extended at a second face of
said impeller (10),
stop means (4) associated in series with said shaft (2) of the centrifugal pump, in such a way as to be rotatable with said shaft (2), said impeller (10) being floating in use in independent manner inside said diffuser unit (20) between a first position and a second position in which said impeller (10) is in abutment against respective stop means (4), in such a way as to be rotatable with said shaft (2),
characterized in that
said impeller (10) is made of metallic material and has, at said second face, at least one annular crown (15, 16), coaxial to the axis of said impeller (10) and predisposed to shape the suction mouth of the liquid inside the same impeller (10), sealing means (5, 6) with a low friction coefficient being associated with said annular crown (15, 16) and having the outer rim facing a static zone (22, 31) of the pump stage, so as to obtain a sealing area at said suction mouth of the impeller (10). - Centrifugal pump according to claim 1, characterized in that said impeller (10) has, at
said second face, an inner annular crown (15), which substantially extends from said axial hub (11), and an outer annular crown (16), which extends from said second face of the impeller (10), both said annular crowns (15, 16) being coaxial to the axis of said impeller (10) and cooperating to define said suction mouth of the liquid inside said impeller (10). - Centrifugal pump according to claim 2, characterized in that said sealing means (5, 6), with a low friction coefficient and having said outer rim facing a respective said static zone (22, 31) of the pump stage, are respectively associated with said annular crowns (15, 16).
- Centrifugal pump according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that said sealing means (5, 6) comprise a shaped ring having a coupling seat for coupling with the outer rim of said annular crown (15, 16).
- Centrifugal pump according to claim 4, characterized in that said sealing ring (5, 6) has a reduced thickness profile at said rim facing said static zone (22, 31) of the pump stage, so as to reduce the sliding contact.
- Centrifugal pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
said stop means (4) are respectively made up of a bush predisposed to be axially inserted on said shaft (2) of the centrifugal pump, in abutment at the opposite edges with corresponding bushes of adjacent pump stages, said axial hub (11) of the impeller (10) being coaxially mounted on said bush. - Centrifugal pump according to claim 6, characterized in that said bush (4) shapes at one end a collar (41), outwardly extending, defining a first and a second face transverse to the axis of said shaft (2).
- Centrifugal pump according to claim 7, characterized in that said bush (4) shapes a shaped portion (42) with prismatic profile, adjacent to said collar (41), predisposed to engage in use said axial hub (11) of the impeller (10).
- Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that said bush (4) has an axial extension equal to that of the pump stage with which it is associated.
- Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that said collar (41) of the bush (4) is facing, with play, a cylindrical lip (26) shaped by a disc (22) which is part of said diffuser unit (20), at an axial opening (23) of the same disc (22) through which said shaft (2) of the centrifugal pump passes.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITUB2016A000913A ITUB20160913A1 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2016-02-22 | CENTRIFUGAL PUMP STAGE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3208462A1 true EP3208462A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
EP3208462B1 EP3208462B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
Family
ID=55969395
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17157493.2A Active EP3208462B1 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2017-02-22 | Centrifugal pump stage |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3208462B1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITUB20160913A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11428230B2 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2022-08-30 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Centrifugal pump flanged sleeve inside surface flow prevention |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2526751A (en) | 1949-05-27 | 1950-10-24 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Mounting device for pump impellers |
US3265001A (en) | 1964-04-24 | 1966-08-09 | Red Jacket Mfg Company | Centrifugal pump |
DE3939156A1 (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1991-05-29 | Grundfos Int | Composite impeller for centrifugal pump - has front disc of bronze or other material at inlet which works easily against steel |
DE29722288U1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1998-01-29 | Grundfos As | Multi-stage submersible pump |
DE19800617A1 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-15 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Centrifugal pump |
US6398493B1 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2002-06-04 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Floatable impeller for multistage metal working pump |
US7290984B2 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2007-11-06 | Franklin Electric Co., Ltd. | Multistage pump |
WO2015008224A1 (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-22 | Pedrollo S.P.A. | Centrifugal pump stage |
-
2016
- 2016-02-22 IT ITUB2016A000913A patent/ITUB20160913A1/en unknown
-
2017
- 2017-02-22 EP EP17157493.2A patent/EP3208462B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2526751A (en) | 1949-05-27 | 1950-10-24 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Mounting device for pump impellers |
US3265001A (en) | 1964-04-24 | 1966-08-09 | Red Jacket Mfg Company | Centrifugal pump |
DE3939156A1 (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1991-05-29 | Grundfos Int | Composite impeller for centrifugal pump - has front disc of bronze or other material at inlet which works easily against steel |
DE29722288U1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1998-01-29 | Grundfos As | Multi-stage submersible pump |
DE19800617A1 (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-15 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Centrifugal pump |
US6398493B1 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2002-06-04 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Floatable impeller for multistage metal working pump |
US7290984B2 (en) | 2005-05-26 | 2007-11-06 | Franklin Electric Co., Ltd. | Multistage pump |
WO2015008224A1 (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-22 | Pedrollo S.P.A. | Centrifugal pump stage |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11428230B2 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2022-08-30 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Centrifugal pump flanged sleeve inside surface flow prevention |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3208462B1 (en) | 2020-04-15 |
ITUB20160913A1 (en) | 2017-08-22 |
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