EP1856785B1 - Device and method for supplying direct voltage - Google Patents

Device and method for supplying direct voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1856785B1
EP1856785B1 EP06706091A EP06706091A EP1856785B1 EP 1856785 B1 EP1856785 B1 EP 1856785B1 EP 06706091 A EP06706091 A EP 06706091A EP 06706091 A EP06706091 A EP 06706091A EP 1856785 B1 EP1856785 B1 EP 1856785B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage source
direct voltage
terminal
connection
protective element
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EP06706091A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1856785A2 (en
Inventor
Rune Thomsen
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Danfoss Deutschland GmbH
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Danfoss Compressors GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for providing a DC voltage having a first terminal arrangement for a first DC voltage source and a second terminal arrangement for a second DC voltage source, wherein the device comprises a protective element which is connected in series to a first terminal of the first terminal order. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for providing a DC voltage with a device having a first terminal arrangement for a first DC voltage source and a second terminal arrangement for a second DC voltage source, wherein a protective element connected to a first terminal of the first terminal assembly and operates in series therewith ,
  • Such a device and such a method are out EP 0 696 832 A2 known.
  • a DC consumer of a DC power supply device fed which has an accumulator and can be connected via a rectifier to an external power source.
  • the device has an electronic switch, which is designed as a field effect transistor and which prevents current from the accumulator can reach the external power source. With another field effect transistor charging and discharging of the accumulator is controlled.
  • DC consumers should be supplied with a constant, continuous DC voltage.
  • An example of such an application are vehicles having DC consumers. Such vehicles are, for example, trucks, camping vehicles or watercraft, such as boats. These vehicles include, for example, a compressor for a refrigeration unit or an air conditioner, which is supplied with a DC voltage while driving by a rechargeable battery.
  • the DC consumers in the vehicle When the vehicle is in the parking position, it is possible for the DC consumers in the vehicle to be fed by an external DC voltage source instead of the accumulator. This has the advantage that the accumulator is not unnecessarily discharged.
  • there is an AC power source available as an external power source so that first the AC voltage is converted by a rectifier into a DC voltage and then the DC electrical consumers in the vehicle is available.
  • JP 09-093 833 shows a device for uninterruptible power supply, which is fed in normal operation by an external power source via a rectifier and supplies a DC consumer.
  • a voltage monitoring circuit monitors the externally supplied voltage. In a supply interruption, a field effect transistor is turned on, which ensures that an accumulator is connected to the DC consumer, so that an uninterrupted supply of the DC consumer is ensured.
  • JP 08-308116 shows a DC voltage source and a protective circuit connected thereto, which protects a circuit when a reverse polarity of the DC voltage source.
  • the protection circuit a field effect transistor, which is driven by a photocell, which is arranged parallel to the DC voltage source.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an apparatus and a method in which the provision of a DC voltage is simplified.
  • the protective element is additionally connected to the second terminal arrangement, wherein the protective element is designed as a transistor whose gate terminal is connected to a second terminal of the first terminal arrangement and so at a reverse polarity of the first DC source prevents erroneous operation of the device, wherein the gate terminal of the transistor is also connected to a control terminal of the second terminal arrangement, which blocks the transistor with a connected second DC voltage source and thus a charge balance and a charging or discharging from a DC voltage source prevents the other DC voltage source.
  • a DC voltage source is connected with its positive terminal to a positive potential of the terminal assembly and with its negative terminal to a negative potential of the terminal assembly. If the terminals of the DC voltage source reversed, so that different potentials, ie, the negative terminal of the DC voltage source to the positive potential of the terminal assembly and vice versa, coincide, it creates a reverse polarity. There is then the danger that electrical components and circuits are electrically overloaded and thus temporarily show a malfunction or permanently destroyed.
  • the protective element such overloads, such as voltage overshoot, overheating or fire, prevented and avoided a faulty operation of the device in this way.
  • the protective element can in each case be directly connected to the first terminal assembly and the second terminal assembly, ie without that between the protective element and the terminal assembly is another component or be indirectly connected by further electrical components are present on an electrical path from the protective element to the terminal assembly.
  • the protective element is electrically connected in series with the first DC voltage source.
  • the series connection consists at least of the protective element and the first DC voltage source.
  • the first DC voltage source may be, for example, an accumulator or a battery.
  • the protective element is connected to a negative terminal of the first DC voltage source.
  • the protective element has at least two terminals, so that one terminal of the protective element is connected to the negative terminal of the first DC voltage source. Connected means here that between the negative pole of the first DC voltage source and the connection point of the protective element is a direct connection or other components are interposed.
  • the protective element is connected to a reference potential of the device.
  • reference potential of the device is understood here, for example, earth, ground or an intermediate potential.
  • the second DC voltage source is electrically connected in parallel with a series circuit of the first DC voltage source and protective element.
  • the protective element is thus connected in series with the first DC voltage source and these two elements are in turn connected in parallel to the second DC voltage source. All in all Thus, the first DC voltage source to the second DC voltage source is also connected in parallel. If a DC voltage consumer is connected to this parallel circuit, it is easily possible to select between the first and the second DC voltage source without a change in the circuit arrangement in order to supply the electrical load.
  • the first DC voltage source has no effect. If two DC voltage sources are present at the same time, then it makes sense that the operation of the second DC voltage source before the first DC voltage source is preferred.
  • the second DC voltage source is, for example, an external DC voltage source whose energy supply is unlimited. In this way, the first DC voltage source, which is neither charged nor discharged, decoupled from the second DC voltage source.
  • the first DC voltage source has a lower output voltage than the second DC voltage source. In this way, charge compensation from the first to the second DC voltage source is prevented even without the protective element. However, without additional measures, charge compensation takes place from the second DC voltage source to the first DC voltage source.
  • the protective element is a field effect transistor with at least one drain terminal, at least one source terminal and at least one gate terminal.
  • a field effect transistor is a voltage controlled electrical device that operates with low power.
  • Field effect transistors exist in various embodiments, such as MOSFET or IGFET. The advantage of a field effect transistor is also that it can be easily used as a switch can with precise control for switching on and off, ie for connecting or interrupting an electrical path.
  • the drain terminal of the field effect transistor is connected to a negative terminal of the first terminal arrangement.
  • a reverse polarity protection can be particularly easy to implement.
  • the negative terminal of the first DC voltage source is connected to the negative terminal of the first terminal arrangement. If there the positive terminal of the first DC voltage source is connected, there is a distribution.
  • the source terminal of the field effect transistor is connected to a reference potential of the device.
  • a substrate terminal branching from the source terminal is thus also connected to the reference potential.
  • the gate terminal of the field effect transistor is connected to a control output of the second DC voltage source. It has proven to be advantageous if the second DC voltage source has at least three terminals, namely a positive terminal, a negative terminal and a control output. With the control output, a control voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the field effect transistor.
  • a diode is arranged between the gate terminal of the field effect transistor and the reference potential of the device. Diodes of any embodiment may be used. It is particularly advantageous when using a zener diode. It is envisaged that this blocks from the gate terminal to the reference potential and is current-permeable from the reference potential to the gate terminal.
  • an ohmic resistor is arranged between the gate terminal of the field effect transistor and a positive terminal of the first terminal arrangement.
  • the ohmic resistor establishes a connection between the positive terminal of the first terminal arrangement and the gate terminal.
  • first DC voltage source With built-in first DC voltage source then a terminal of the first DC voltage source is connected via the ohmic resistance to the gate terminal.
  • the ohmic resistance has a low value, so that the voltage between the gate terminal and source terminal of the field effect transistor is approximately equal to the output voltage of the first DC voltage source. If the first DC voltage source is reversed, this is determined based on the voltage between the gate terminal and the source terminal and the field effect transistor then carries no current at the drain terminal.
  • the object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned above in that one operates the protective element at the same time on the second terminal arrangement, wherein a transistor is used as a protective element, at the gate terminal, a second terminal of the first terminal arrangement is connected and so at a reverse polarity of the first DC source prevents erroneous operation of the device, wherein the gate terminal of the transistor and a control terminal of the second terminal arrangement is connected, which blocks the transistor with connected second DC voltage source and thus prevents charge compensation and charging or discharging from one DC voltage source to another DC voltage source.
  • the protection element By operating the protection element simultaneously on the first terminal arrangement and on the second terminal arrangement, a connection is established between the first terminal arrangement and the second terminal arrangement. In this way, you can monitor whether one of the two DC voltage sources is connected or even both DC voltage sources are available.
  • the protection element ensures that the first DC voltage source has no function and the second DC voltage source supplies the DC consumer with a DC voltage. Regardless of whether the second DC voltage source is present or not additionally determined by the protection element, whether the first DC voltage source is reversed.
  • the protective element is operated so that no external control for driving the protective element is necessary.
  • a possibly existing control terminal on one of the two DC voltage sources is not seen as an external connection, but belongs to the device.
  • a charge balance is, for example, a current flow which passes from one DC voltage source to the other DC voltage source.
  • the protection element prevents charge equalization from the first to the second DC voltage source as well as charge equalization from the second to the first DC voltage source.
  • the two DC voltage sources operate independently of each other, wherein the protective element coordinates, which DC voltage source supplies a DC voltage to the DC consumer. It is advantageous if, with a switch in the protection element, a DC voltage source is turned on and the other DC voltage source is turned off. This also creates an uninterruptible power supply.
  • a control output of the second DC voltage source which is connected to a gate terminal of a field effect transistor as a protective element, outputs a voltage value at the gate terminal in response to a connected second DC voltage source.
  • a field effect transistor is a suitable protection element that operates with low power and has at least three terminals, at least one of which is connected to the first terminal arrangement and at least one is connected to the second terminal arrangement. Is the gate terminal of the field effect transistor with the Connection arrangement of the second DC voltage source connected, it can first be determined with the field effect transistor, whether the second DC voltage source is present at the second terminal arrangement. If this is the case, the field effect transistor causes only the second DC voltage source to supply the DC consumer and the first DC voltage source has no function.
  • a voltage for example, a control voltage of the second DC voltage source can be used, wherein the voltage can assume a value greater than, less than or equal to zero volts.
  • the first DC voltage source remains inactive until the second DC voltage source is removed. If the first DC voltage source is the only DC voltage source present, this feeds the DC voltage consumer.
  • the single figure shows schematically a device 1 for providing a DC voltage 2 having a first terminal arrangement 3, 4 and a second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7.
  • a first DC voltage source 8 is connected.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 here has two units, which are interconnected. A positive terminal 9 and a negative terminal 10 of the first DC voltage source 8 are accessible to the outside.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 is electrically contacted to the first terminal arrangement 3, 4 such that the positive terminal 9 of the first DC voltage source 8 is connected to the positive terminal 3 of the terminal arrangement 3, 4 and the negative terminal 10 of the first DC voltage source 8 at the negative pole 4 of the first terminal arrangement is connected.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 is thus properly connected and not reversed.
  • a second DC voltage source 11 is connected, which has a rectifier 12, which is fed by an external AC voltage source 13.
  • a positive terminal 14 of the second DC voltage source 11 is connected to a positive terminal 5 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7.
  • a negative terminal 15 of the second DC voltage source 11 is connected to a negative terminal 6 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7.
  • the negative terminal 6 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7 is simultaneously connected to a reference potential 16 of the device 1.
  • the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7 has a further terminal, which is used here as a control terminal 7. This control terminal 7 is connected to a control output 17 of the second DC voltage source 11.
  • the output voltage of the second DC voltage source 11 between the positive terminal 5 and the negative terminal 6 is 27 volts in the present case. This is also the output voltage of the rectifier 12.
  • the output voltage of the first DC voltage source 8 between the positive terminal 9 and the negative terminal 10 of the first DC voltage source 8 is 12 volts in the present case.
  • the output voltage of the first DC voltage source 8 is thus smaller than the output voltage of the second DC voltage source 11. Due to the potential difference, a charge equalization would take place from the second DC voltage source 11 to the first DC voltage source 8 without further measures. However, this is prevented by a protection element 18, which is designed as a field-effect transistor 19 and a drain connection 20 (drain), a source terminal 21st (Source) and a gate terminal 22 (engl.
  • the field effect transistor 19 is, for example, type 2804 from International Rectifier.
  • the field effect transistor 19 is electrically connected in series with the first DC voltage source 8.
  • the drain terminal 20 is connected to the negative terminal 4 of the first terminal arrangement 3, 4.
  • the source terminal 21, however, is connected to the reference potential 16 of the device 1.
  • the gate terminal 22 of the field effect transistor 19 is connected to the control terminal 7 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7.
  • the diode 23 is off the gate terminal 22 in the direction of reference potential 16.
  • From the gate terminal 22 and the control terminal 7 performs another electrical connection to the positive terminal 3 of the first terminal assembly 3, 4 and simultaneously to the positive terminal 5 of the second terminal assembly 5, 6, 7.
  • an ohmic resistor 24 having a value of 330 kilohms is arranged.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 is connected to the first terminal arrangement.
  • no second DC voltage source 11 is present.
  • no predetermined voltage is present at the positive terminal 5, the negative terminal 6 and the control terminal 7 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7, so that these terminals 5, 6, 7 can assume any state.
  • a load 25 is designed for a first DC voltage range between 9.6 volts and 17 volts and a second DC voltage range between 21 volts and 31 volts.
  • these DC voltage ranges are the supply voltages of the first and the second DC voltage source 8, 11, namely about 12 volts and 24 volts.
  • the output DC voltage of the first and the second DC voltage source 8, 11 are, for example, additionally increased by a converter to 48 volts, for example, to provide a compressor as a load 25.
  • the connected load 25 are, for example, one or more DC consumers.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 is properly connected to the first terminal arrangement 3, 4 with the correct polarity, that is, not polarity reversed.
  • the second DC voltage source 11 is absent.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 provides about 12 volts as the output voltage.
  • a current through the resistor 24 and the diode 23 is caused.
  • the diode 23 with a blocking voltage of 15 volts hardly passes current, a voltage drop occurs at the field effect transistor 19 between the gate terminal 22 and the source terminal 21. By this voltage drop, the field effect transistor 19 is kept in the on state. In the on state of the field effect transistor 19 flows in the field effect transistor 19, a current from the drain terminal 20 via the source terminal 21 to the reference potential 16.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 is connected in parallel to a connected load 25 which is continuously supplied with a constant DC voltage of the first DC voltage source 8.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 is connected in reverse polarity to the first terminal arrangement 3, 4 and the second DC voltage source 11 is not connected to the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7 connected.
  • the field effect transistor 19 connects a current flow to the connected load 25. This happens in that now applied to the field effect transistor 19 between the gate terminal 22 and the source terminal 21, a negative voltage. As a result, the field effect transistor 19 remains in a closed state and prevents current flow from the negative terminal 10 of the first DC voltage source 8 to the reference potential 16. At the load 25 then no DC voltage 2 is applied. The one or more connected loads as a load 25 are thus protected at a reverse polarity of the first DC voltage source 8.
  • the second DC voltage source 11 is connected to the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7 with an output voltage of 27 volts, as shown in the figure and described above.
  • the second DC voltage source 11 provides at its control output 17, a control voltage which is zero volts in the present case.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 with an output voltage of 12 volts is properly connected with the correct polarity, that is not polarity reversed, to the first terminal assembly 3, 4 connected.
  • the potential is kept at zero volts at the control terminal 7 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7, so that the gate terminal 22 of the field effect transistor 19 also assumes a potential of zero volts. Between the drain terminal 20 and the gate terminal 22 are then about 15 volts.
  • the field effect transistor 19 is held in its off state and a current flow from the drain terminal 20 to the reference potential 16 is not possible.
  • the first DC voltage source 8 has no function at this moment. It is neither discharged nor is it charged by the second DC voltage source 11.
  • the load 25 is supplied by the second DC voltage source 11 with a constant DC voltage 2.
  • the field effect transistor 19 prevents by its wiring a faulty operation of the device 1 in a reverse polarity first DC voltage source 8 and charging and discharging the first DC voltage source 8 in the presence of a second DC voltage source 11.
  • the field effect transistor 19 thus assumes two functions simultaneously, so that the device. 1 to provide a DC voltage 2 simplified, without safety aspects are neglected.
  • the described device 1 is operated in the intended operation with a non-reversed first DC voltage source 8, whose positive terminal 9 is connected to the protective element 18. Accordingly, the terminals 14, 15 of the second DC voltage source 11 are reversed, so that the positive terminal 14 is connected to the terminal 6 and the negative terminal 15 to the terminal 5 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7.
  • the reference potential 16 can be maintained and thus assumes a positive potential.
  • the device 1 at the negative terminals 10, 15 of the first and second DC voltage source 8, 11 receives a new reference potential.
  • the blocking and passage functions of the diode 23 and the field effect transistor 19 or other protective element to be adapted to the changed polarity. This can be done, for example, by interchanging the connections of these electrical components. It is also possible, in the case of a field effect transistor, to use another type which operates as described above but with a different polarity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Optical Head (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for supplying direct voltage, wherein said device comprises a first connection arrangement ( 3, 4 ) for a first direct voltage source ( 8 ) and a second connection arrangement ( 5, 6, 7 ) for a second direct voltage source ( 11 ), wherein the device ( 1 ) is provided with a protective element ( 18 ) which is connected to the first connection arrangement ( 3, 4 ) and prevents a charge equalisation between one direct voltage source ( 8, 11 ) and the other direct voltage source ( 11, 8 ). The aim of said invention is to ease the direct voltage supply ( 2 ) For this purpose the protective element ( 18 ) is also connected to the second connection arrangement ( 5, 6, 7 ) in order to prevent the defective operation of the device ( 1 ) in the case of the reversed polarity of the first direct voltage source ( 8 ).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung einer Gleichspannung mit einer ersten Anschlußanordnung für eine erste Gleichspannungsquelle und einer zweiten Anschlußanordnung für eine zweite Gleichspannungsquelle, wobei die Vorrichtung ein Schutzelement aufweist, das in Reihe an einen ersten Anschluß der ersten Anschlußordnung angeschlossen ist. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Bereitstellung einer Gleichspannung mit einer Vorrichtung, die eine erste Anschlußanordnung für eine erste Gleichspannungsquelle und eine zweite Anschlußanordnung für eine zweite Gleichspannungsquelle aufweist, wobei man ein Schutzelement an einem ersten Anschluß der ersten Anschlußanordnung anschließt und in Reihe mit dieser betreibt.The invention relates to a device for providing a DC voltage having a first terminal arrangement for a first DC voltage source and a second terminal arrangement for a second DC voltage source, wherein the device comprises a protective element which is connected in series to a first terminal of the first terminal order. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for providing a DC voltage with a device having a first terminal arrangement for a first DC voltage source and a second terminal arrangement for a second DC voltage source, wherein a protective element connected to a first terminal of the first terminal assembly and operates in series therewith ,

Eine derartige Vorrichtung und ein derartiges Verfahren sind aus EP 0 696 832 A2 bekannt. Es wird dort ein Gleichspannungsverbraucher von einer Gleichspannungs-Versorgungsvorrichtung gespeist, die einen Akkumulator aufweist und über einen Gleichrichter an eine externe Energiequelle angeschlossen werden kann. Die Vorrichtung weist einen elektronischen Schalter auf, der als Feldeffekttransistor ausgebildet ist und der verhindert, daß Strom aus dem Akkumulator zur externen Energiequelle gelangen kann. Mit einem weiteren Feldeffekttransistor wird ein Laden und Entladen des Akkumulators gesteuert.Such a device and such a method are out EP 0 696 832 A2 known. There is a DC consumer of a DC power supply device fed, which has an accumulator and can be connected via a rectifier to an external power source. The device has an electronic switch, which is designed as a field effect transistor and which prevents current from the accumulator can reach the external power source. With another field effect transistor charging and discharging of the accumulator is controlled.

In vielen Fällen sollen Gleichspannungsverbraucher mit einer konstanten kontinuierlichen Gleichspannung versorgt werden. Ein Beispiel für eine solche Anwendung sind Fahrzeuge, die Gleichspannungsverbraucher aufweisen. Solche Fahrzeuge sind beispielsweise Lastkraftwagen, Campingfahrzeuge oder auch Wasserfahrzeuge, wie beispielsweise Boote. Diese Fahrzeuge weisen beispielsweise einen Kompressor für ein Kühlaggregat oder eine Klimaanlage auf, der während der Fahrt von einem Akkumulator mit Gleichspannung versorgt wird. Befindet sich das Fahrzeug in Parkposition, so ist es möglich, daß die Gleichspannungsverbraucher in dem Fahrzeug statt von dem Akkumulator von einer externen Gleichspannungsquelle gespeist werden. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß der Akkumulator nicht unnötig entladen wird. Oft steht als externe Energiequelle eine Wechselspannungsquelle zur Verfügung, so daß zunächst die Wechselspannung mit einem Gleichrichter in eine Gleichspannung umgewandelt wird und dann den elektrischen Gleichspannungsverbrauchern im Fahrzeug zur Verfügung steht.In many cases, DC consumers should be supplied with a constant, continuous DC voltage. An example of such an application are vehicles having DC consumers. Such vehicles are, for example, trucks, camping vehicles or watercraft, such as boats. These vehicles include, for example, a compressor for a refrigeration unit or an air conditioner, which is supplied with a DC voltage while driving by a rechargeable battery. When the vehicle is in the parking position, it is possible for the DC consumers in the vehicle to be fed by an external DC voltage source instead of the accumulator. This has the advantage that the accumulator is not unnecessarily discharged. Often there is an AC power source available as an external power source, so that first the AC voltage is converted by a rectifier into a DC voltage and then the DC electrical consumers in the vehicle is available.

Bei solchen Vorrichtungen und Verfahren zur Bereitstellung einer Gleichspannung ist es zum einen wünschenswert, daß eine unterbrechungsfreie Energieversorgung gewährleistet wird und zum anderen eine Verpolung des Akkumulators im Fahrzeug keine weiteren Schäden anrichtet.In such devices and methods for providing a DC voltage, it is desirable on the one hand, that an uninterruptible power supply is ensured and on the other hand causes a reverse polarity of the battery in the vehicle no further damage.

JP 09-093 833 zeigt eine Einrichtung zur unterbrechungsfreien Energieversorgung, die im Normalbetrieb von einer externen Energiequelle über einen Gleichrichter gespeist wird und einen Gleichspannungsverbraucher versorgt. Mit einem Spannungsüberwachungs-Stromkreis wird die extern gelieferte Spannung überwacht. Bei einer Versorgungsunterbrechung wird ein Feldeffekttransistor eingeschaltet, der dafür sorgt, daß ein Akkumulator mit dem Gleichspannungsverbraucher verbunden wird, so daß eine ununterbrochene Versorgung des Gleichspannungsverbrauchers sichergestellt wird. JP 09-093 833 shows a device for uninterruptible power supply, which is fed in normal operation by an external power source via a rectifier and supplies a DC consumer. A voltage monitoring circuit monitors the externally supplied voltage. In a supply interruption, a field effect transistor is turned on, which ensures that an accumulator is connected to the DC consumer, so that an uninterrupted supply of the DC consumer is ensured.

JP 08-308 116 zeigt eine Gleichspannungsquelle und eine daran angeschlossene Schutzschaltung, die bei einer Verpolung der Gleichspannungsquelle einen Schaltkreis schützt. Hierzu weist die Schutzschaltung einen Feldeffekttransistor auf, der über eine Fotozelle angesteuert wird, die parallel zur Gleichspannungsquelle angeordnet ist. JP 08-308116 shows a DC voltage source and a protective circuit connected thereto, which protects a circuit when a reverse polarity of the DC voltage source. For this purpose, the protection circuit a field effect transistor, which is driven by a photocell, which is arranged parallel to the DC voltage source.

Aus US 2004/0112320 A1 ist ein elektrisches System eines Fahrzeugs bekannt, das eine erste und eine zweite Gleichspannungsquelle aufweist, wobei zwischen den Gleichspannungsquellen ein Schutzelement angeschlossen ist, das bei einer Verpolung der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle eine fehlerhafte Arbeitsweise der Vorrichtung verhindern soll. Das Schutzelement ist dabei als Gleichstromumrichter ausgebildet. Ein Sperren des Schutzelements ist nicht möglich. Dabei ist ein Gleichstromumrichter ein relativ kompliziertes elektrisches Bauteil, das daher relativ hohe Kosten verursacht.Out US 2004/0112320 A1 is known an electrical system of a vehicle having a first and a second DC voltage source, wherein between the DC voltage sources, a protective element is connected, which is to prevent incorrect operation of the device in a reverse polarity of the first DC voltage source. The protective element is designed as a DC converter. Locking the protection element is not possible. In this case, a DC converter is a relatively complicated electrical component, which therefore causes relatively high costs.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren anzugeben, bei denen die Bereitstellung einer Gleichspannung vereinfacht wird.The invention has for its object to provide an apparatus and a method in which the provision of a DC voltage is simplified.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß das Schutzelement zusätzlich an der zweiten Anschlußanordnung angeschlossen ist, wobei das Schutzelement als Transistor ausgebildet ist, dessen Gatteranschluß mit einem zweiten Anschluß der ersten Anschlußanordnung verbunden ist und so bei einer Verpolung der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle eine fehlerhafte Arbeitsweise der Vorrichtung verhindert, wobei der Gatteranschluß des Transistors auch mit einem Steueranschluß der zweiten Anschlußanordnung verbunden ist, der den Transistor bei angeschlossener zweiter Gleichspannungsquelle sperrt und damit einen Ladungsausgleich und ein Laden bzw. Entladen von einer Gleichspannungsquelle zur anderen Gleichspannungsquelle verhindert.This object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned above in that the protective element is additionally connected to the second terminal arrangement, wherein the protective element is designed as a transistor whose gate terminal is connected to a second terminal of the first terminal arrangement and so at a reverse polarity of the first DC source prevents erroneous operation of the device, wherein the gate terminal of the transistor is also connected to a control terminal of the second terminal arrangement, which blocks the transistor with a connected second DC voltage source and thus a charge balance and a charging or discharging from a DC voltage source prevents the other DC voltage source.

Mit dieser Lösung ist es nicht mehr notwendig, unterschiedliche Schaltungsanordnungen für eine Ladungssperrfunktion zwischen der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle und der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle und für einen Verpolungsschutz der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle zu verwenden. Mit dem Schutzelement können diese beiden Funktionen kombiniert werden. Normalerweise wird eine Gleichspannungsquelle mit ihrem positiven Anschluß an ein positives Potential der Anschlußanordnung und mit ihrem negativen Anschluß an ein negatives Potential der Anschlußanordnung angeschlossen. Werden die Anschlüsse der Gleichspannungsquelle vertauscht, so daß unterschiedliche Potentiale, d.h. der negative Anschluß der Gleichspannungsquelle auf das positive Potential der Anschlußanordnung und umgekehrt, zusammentreffen, so entsteht eine Verpolung. Es besteht dann die Gefahr, daß elektrische Bauelemente und Stromkreise elektrisch überlastet werden und dadurch kurzzeitig eine Fehlfunktion zeigen oder dauerhaft zerstört werden. Mit dem Schutzelement werden solche Überlastungen, wie beispielsweise Spannungsüberhöhung, Überhitzungen oder Brandentstehung, verhindert und eine fehlerhafte Arbeitsweise der Vorrichtung auf diese Weise vermieden. Das Schutzelement kann dabei an der ersten Anschlußanordnung und an der zweiten Anschlußanordnung jeweils direkt angeschlossen sein, d.h. ohne daß zwischen dem Schutzelement und der Anschlußanordnung ein weiteres Bauelement liegt oder auch indirekt verbunden sein, indem auf einem elektrischen Pfad vom Schutzelement zur Anschlußanordnung weitere elektrische Bauelemente vorhanden sind.With this solution, it is no longer necessary to use different circuit arrangements for a charge blocking function between the first DC voltage source and the second DC voltage source and for reverse polarity protection of the first DC voltage source. With the protection element, these two functions can be combined. Normally, a DC voltage source is connected with its positive terminal to a positive potential of the terminal assembly and with its negative terminal to a negative potential of the terminal assembly. If the terminals of the DC voltage source reversed, so that different potentials, ie, the negative terminal of the DC voltage source to the positive potential of the terminal assembly and vice versa, coincide, it creates a reverse polarity. There is then the danger that electrical components and circuits are electrically overloaded and thus temporarily show a malfunction or permanently destroyed. With the protective element such overloads, such as voltage overshoot, overheating or fire, prevented and avoided a faulty operation of the device in this way. The protective element can in each case be directly connected to the first terminal assembly and the second terminal assembly, ie without that between the protective element and the terminal assembly is another component or be indirectly connected by further electrical components are present on an electrical path from the protective element to the terminal assembly.

Vorzugsweise ist das Schutzelement mit der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet. Die Reihenschaltung besteht mindestens aus dem Schutzelement und der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle. Die erste Gleichspannungsquelle kann beispielsweise ein Akkumulator oder eine Batterie sein.Preferably, the protective element is electrically connected in series with the first DC voltage source. The series connection consists at least of the protective element and the first DC voltage source. The first DC voltage source may be, for example, an accumulator or a battery.

Es ist bevorzugt, daß das Schutzelement mit einem negativen Anschluß der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle verbunden ist. Das Schutzelement weist mindestens zwei Anschlüsse auf, so daß ein Anschluß des Schutzelements mit dem negativen Anschluß der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle verbunden ist. Verbunden bedeutet hier, daß zwischen dem negativen Pol der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle und dem Anschlußpunkt des Schutzelements eine direkte Verbindung besteht oder auch weitere Bauelemente zwischengeschaltet sind.It is preferred that the protective element is connected to a negative terminal of the first DC voltage source. The protective element has at least two terminals, so that one terminal of the protective element is connected to the negative terminal of the first DC voltage source. Connected means here that between the negative pole of the first DC voltage source and the connection point of the protective element is a direct connection or other components are interposed.

Vorzugsweise ist das Schutzelement mit einem Bezugspotential der Vorrichtung verbunden. Unter Bezugspotential der Vorrichtung wird hier beispielsweise Erde, Masse oder ein Zwischenpotential verstanden.Preferably, the protective element is connected to a reference potential of the device. Under reference potential of the device is understood here, for example, earth, ground or an intermediate potential.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle mit einer Reihenschaltung aus erster Gleichspannungsquelle und Schutzelement elektrisch parallel geschaltet. Das Schutzelement ist demnach mit der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle in Reihe geschaltet und diese beide Elemente sind wiederum parallel zur zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle geschaltet. Insgesamt ist somit auch die erste Gleichspannungsquelle zur zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle parallel geschaltet. Ist an dieser Parallelschaltung ein Gleichspannungsverbraucher angeschlossen, so ist es leicht möglich, ohne eine Veränderung der Schaltungsanordnung zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle auszuwählen, um den elektrischen Verbraucher zu versorgen.Advantageously, the second DC voltage source is electrically connected in parallel with a series circuit of the first DC voltage source and protective element. The protective element is thus connected in series with the first DC voltage source and these two elements are in turn connected in parallel to the second DC voltage source. All in all Thus, the first DC voltage source to the second DC voltage source is also connected in parallel. If a DC voltage consumer is connected to this parallel circuit, it is easily possible to select between the first and the second DC voltage source without a change in the circuit arrangement in order to supply the electrical load.

Es ist von Vorteil, daß bei angeschlossener erster Gleichspannungsquelle und angeschlossener zweiter Gleichspannungsquelle die erste Gleichspannungsquelle keine Wirkung hat. Sind zwei Gleichspannungsquellen gleichzeitig vorhanden, so ist es sinnvoll, daß der Betrieb der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle vor der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle bevorzugt wird. Die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle ist beispielsweise eine externe Gleichspannungsquelle, deren Energievorrat unbegrenzt ist. Auf diese Weise wird die erste Gleichspannungsquelle, die weder geladen noch entladen wird, von der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle entkoppelt.It is advantageous that when connected first DC voltage source and connected second DC voltage source, the first DC voltage source has no effect. If two DC voltage sources are present at the same time, then it makes sense that the operation of the second DC voltage source before the first DC voltage source is preferred. The second DC voltage source is, for example, an external DC voltage source whose energy supply is unlimited. In this way, the first DC voltage source, which is neither charged nor discharged, decoupled from the second DC voltage source.

Es ist bevorzugt, daß die erste Gleichspannungsquelle eine niedrigere Ausgangsspannung aufweist als die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle. Auf diese Weise wird ein Ladungsausgleich von der ersten zur zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle auch ohne das Schutzelement verhindert. Allerdings findet ohne weitere Maßnahmen ein Ladungsausgleich von der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle zur ersten Gleichspannungsquelle statt.It is preferred that the first DC voltage source has a lower output voltage than the second DC voltage source. In this way, charge compensation from the first to the second DC voltage source is prevented even without the protective element. However, without additional measures, charge compensation takes place from the second DC voltage source to the first DC voltage source.

Es ist vorgesehen, daß das Schutzelement ein Feldeffekttransistor ist mit mindestens einem Senkenanschluß, mindestens einem Quellenanschluß und mindestens einem Gatteranschluß. Ein Feldeffekttransistor ist ein spannungsgesteuertes elektrisches Bauelement, das leistungsarm arbeitet. Feldeffekttransistoren gibt es in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen, wie beispielsweise MOSFET oder IGFET. Der Vorteil eines Feldeffekttransistors ist auch, daß dieser problemlos als Schalter verwendet werden kann bei präziser Ansteuerung zum Ein- und Ausschalten, d.h. zum Verbinden oder Unterbrechen eines elektrischen Pfades.It is provided that the protective element is a field effect transistor with at least one drain terminal, at least one source terminal and at least one gate terminal. A field effect transistor is a voltage controlled electrical device that operates with low power. Field effect transistors exist in various embodiments, such as MOSFET or IGFET. The advantage of a field effect transistor is also that it can be easily used as a switch can with precise control for switching on and off, ie for connecting or interrupting an electrical path.

Es ist vorgesehen, daß der Senkenanschluß des Feldeffekttransistors mit einem negativen Anschluß der ersten Anschlußanordnung verbunden ist. Auf diese Weise läßt sich ein Verpolungsschutz besonders einfach realisieren. Es ist vorgesehen, daß an den negativen Anschluß der ersten Anschlußanordnung der negative Anschluß der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle angeschlossen wird. Falls dort der positive Anschluß der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle angeschlossen ist, liegt eine Verteilung vor.It is provided that the drain terminal of the field effect transistor is connected to a negative terminal of the first terminal arrangement. In this way, a reverse polarity protection can be particularly easy to implement. It is envisaged that the negative terminal of the first DC voltage source is connected to the negative terminal of the first terminal arrangement. If there the positive terminal of the first DC voltage source is connected, there is a distribution.

Es ist bevorzugt, daß der Quellenanschluß des Feldeffekttransistors mit einem Bezugspotential der Vorrichtung verbunden ist. Ein Substratanschluß, der von dem Quellenanschluß abzweigt, ist somit ebenfalls mit dem Bezugspotential verbunden.It is preferred that the source terminal of the field effect transistor is connected to a reference potential of the device. A substrate terminal branching from the source terminal is thus also connected to the reference potential.

Bevorzugterweise ist der Gatteranschluß des Feldeffekttransistors mit einem Steuerausgang der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle verbunden. Es hat sich als günstig erwiesen, wenn die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle mindestens drei Anschlüsse, nämlich einen positiven Anschluß, einen negativen Anschluß und einen Steuerausgang aufweist. Mit dem Steuerausgang wird am Gatteranschluß des Feldeffekttransistors eine Steuerspannung angelegt.Preferably, the gate terminal of the field effect transistor is connected to a control output of the second DC voltage source. It has proven to be advantageous if the second DC voltage source has at least three terminals, namely a positive terminal, a negative terminal and a control output. With the control output, a control voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the field effect transistor.

Es ist vorgesehen, daß zwischen dem Gatteranschluß des Feldeffekttransistors und dem Bezugspotential der Vorrichtung eine Diode angeordnet ist. Es können Dioden jeder Ausführungsart verwendet werden. Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn man eine Zener-Diode verwendet. Es ist vorgesehen, daß diese vom Gatteranschluß zum Bezugspotential sperrt und vom Bezugspotential zum Gatteranschluß stromdurchlässig ist.It is envisaged that a diode is arranged between the gate terminal of the field effect transistor and the reference potential of the device. Diodes of any embodiment may be used. It is particularly advantageous when using a zener diode. It is envisaged that this blocks from the gate terminal to the reference potential and is current-permeable from the reference potential to the gate terminal.

In praktischer Weise ist zwischen dem Gatteranschluß des Feldeffekttransistors und einem positiven Anschluß der ersten Anschlußanordnung ein ohmscher Widerstand angeordnet. Mit dem ohmschen Widerstand wird eine Verbindung zwischen dem positiven Anschluß der ersten Anschlußanordnung und dem Gatteranschluß hergestellt. Bei eingebauter erster Gleichspannungsquelle ist dann ein Anschluß der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle über den ohmschen Widerstand mit dem Gatteranschluß verbunden. Der ohmsche Widerstand hat einen geringen Wert, so daß die Spannung zwischen Gatteranschluß und Quellenanschluß des Feldeffekttransistors etwa gleich der abgegebenen Spannung der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle ist. Ist die erste Gleichspannungsquelle verpolt, so wird dies anhand der Spannung zwischen Gatteranschluß und Quellenanschluß festgestellt und der Feldeffekttransistor führt dann keinen Strom am Senkenanschluß.In a practical way, an ohmic resistor is arranged between the gate terminal of the field effect transistor and a positive terminal of the first terminal arrangement. The ohmic resistor establishes a connection between the positive terminal of the first terminal arrangement and the gate terminal. With built-in first DC voltage source then a terminal of the first DC voltage source is connected via the ohmic resistance to the gate terminal. The ohmic resistance has a low value, so that the voltage between the gate terminal and source terminal of the field effect transistor is approximately equal to the output voltage of the first DC voltage source. If the first DC voltage source is reversed, this is determined based on the voltage between the gate terminal and the source terminal and the field effect transistor then carries no current at the drain terminal.

Die Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß man das Schutzelement gleichzeitig an der zweiten Anschlußanordnung betreibt, wobei als Schutzelement ein Transistor verwendet wird, an dessen Gatteranschluß ein zweiter Anschluß der ersten Anschlußanordnung angeschlossen wird und so bei einer Verpolung der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle eine fehlerhafte Arbeitsweise der Vorrichtung verhindert, wobei am Gatteranschluß des Transistors auch ein Steueranschluß der zweiten Anschlußanordnung angeschlossen wird, der den Transistor bei angeschlossener zweiter Gleichspannungsquelle sperrt und damit einen Ladungsausgleich und ein Laden bzw. Entladen von der einen Gleichspannungsquelle zur anderen Gleichspannungsquelle verhindert.The object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned above in that one operates the protective element at the same time on the second terminal arrangement, wherein a transistor is used as a protective element, at the gate terminal, a second terminal of the first terminal arrangement is connected and so at a reverse polarity of the first DC source prevents erroneous operation of the device, wherein the gate terminal of the transistor and a control terminal of the second terminal arrangement is connected, which blocks the transistor with connected second DC voltage source and thus prevents charge compensation and charging or discharging from one DC voltage source to another DC voltage source.

Indem man das Schutzelement gleichzeitig an der ersten Anschlußanordnung und an der zweiten Anschlußanordnung betreibt, stellt man eine Verbindung zwischen der ersten Anschlußanordnung und der zweiten Anschlußanordnung her. Auf diese Weise kann man überwachen, ob eine der beiden Gleichspannungsquellen angeschlossen ist oder sogar beide Gleichspannungsquellen vorhanden sind. Bei zwei vorhandenen Gleichspannungsquellen sorgt das Schutzelement dafür, daß die erste Gleichspannungsquelle keine Funktion hat und die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle den Gleichspannungsverbraucher mit einer Gleichspannung versorgt. Unabhängig davon, ob die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle vorhanden ist oder nicht wird zusätzlich durch das Schutzelement noch festgestellt, ob die erste Gleichspannungsquelle verpolt ist. Das Schutzelement wird so betrieben, daß keine externe Steuerung zur Ansteuerung des Schutzelements notwendig ist. Ein eventuell vorhandener Steueranschluß an einer der beiden Gleichspannungsquellen wird nicht als externer Anschluß gesehen, sondern gehört zur Vorrichtung.By operating the protection element simultaneously on the first terminal arrangement and on the second terminal arrangement, a connection is established between the first terminal arrangement and the second terminal arrangement. In this way, you can monitor whether one of the two DC voltage sources is connected or even both DC voltage sources are available. With two existing DC voltage sources, the protection element ensures that the first DC voltage source has no function and the second DC voltage source supplies the DC consumer with a DC voltage. Regardless of whether the second DC voltage source is present or not additionally determined by the protection element, whether the first DC voltage source is reversed. The protective element is operated so that no external control for driving the protective element is necessary. A possibly existing control terminal on one of the two DC voltage sources is not seen as an external connection, but belongs to the device.

Es ist besonders bevorzugt, daß man mit dem Schutzelement einen Ladungsausgleich von der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle zur ersten Gleichspannungsquelle verhindert. Ein Ladungsausgleich ist beispielsweise ein Stromfluß, der von der einen Gleichspannungsquelle zur anderen Gleichspannungsquelle gelangt. Mit dem Schutzelement wird sowohl ein Ladungsausgleich von der ersten zur zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle wie auch ein Ladungsausgleich von der zweiten zur ersten Gleichspannungsquelle verhindert. Auf diese Weise arbeiten die beiden Gleichspannungsquellen unabhängig voneinander, wobei das Schutzelement koordiniert, welche Gleichspannungsquelle eine Gleichspannung an den Gleichspannungsverbraucher liefert. Dabei ist es günstig, wenn mit einer Umschaltung im Schutzelement die eine Gleichspannungsquelle eingeschaltet wird und die andere Gleichspannungsquelle ausgeschaltet wird. So wird auch eine unterbrechungsfreie Energieversorgung hergestellt.It is particularly preferred that with the protective element prevents a charge balance from the second DC voltage source to the first DC voltage source. A charge balance is, for example, a current flow which passes from one DC voltage source to the other DC voltage source. The protection element prevents charge equalization from the first to the second DC voltage source as well as charge equalization from the second to the first DC voltage source. In this way, the two DC voltage sources operate independently of each other, wherein the protective element coordinates, which DC voltage source supplies a DC voltage to the DC consumer. It is advantageous if, with a switch in the protection element, a DC voltage source is turned on and the other DC voltage source is turned off. This also creates an uninterruptible power supply.

Es ist besonders bevorzugt, daß ein Steuerausgang der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle, der mit einem Gatteranschluß eines Feldeffekttransistors als Schutzelement verbunden ist, einen Spannungswert an dem Gatteranschluß abgibt in Abhängigkeit einer angeschlossenen zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle. Ein Feldeffekttransistor ist ein geeignetes Schutzelement, das leistungsarm arbeitet und mindestens drei Anschlüsse aufweist, wovon mindestens einer an die erste Anschlußanordnung angeschlossen ist und mindestens einer an die zweite Anschlußanordnung angeschlossen ist. Ist der Gatteranschluß des Feldeffekttransistors mit der Anschlußanordnung der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle verbunden, so kann zunächst mit dem Feldeffekttransistor festgestellt werden, ob die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle an der zweiten Anschlußanordnung vorhanden ist. Ist dies der Fall, so bewirkt der Feldeffekttransistor, daß allein die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle den Gleichspannungsverbraucher versorgt und die erste Gleichspannungsquelle ohne Funktion ist. Hierzu kann eine Spannung, beispielsweise eine Steuerspannung der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle genutzt werden, wobei die Spannung einen Wert größer, kleiner oder gleich Null Volt annehmen kann. Die erste Gleichspannungsquelle bleibt solange inaktiv, bis die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle entfernt wird. Ist die erste Gleichspannungsquelle die einzige vorhandene Gleichspannungsquelle, so speist diese den Gleichspannungsverbraucher.It is particularly preferred that a control output of the second DC voltage source, which is connected to a gate terminal of a field effect transistor as a protective element, outputs a voltage value at the gate terminal in response to a connected second DC voltage source. A field effect transistor is a suitable protection element that operates with low power and has at least three terminals, at least one of which is connected to the first terminal arrangement and at least one is connected to the second terminal arrangement. Is the gate terminal of the field effect transistor with the Connection arrangement of the second DC voltage source connected, it can first be determined with the field effect transistor, whether the second DC voltage source is present at the second terminal arrangement. If this is the case, the field effect transistor causes only the second DC voltage source to supply the DC consumer and the first DC voltage source has no function. For this purpose, a voltage, for example, a control voltage of the second DC voltage source can be used, wherein the voltage can assume a value greater than, less than or equal to zero volts. The first DC voltage source remains inactive until the second DC voltage source is removed. If the first DC voltage source is the only DC voltage source present, this feeds the DC voltage consumer.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Hierin zeigt

die einzige Figur
eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung einer Gleichspannung.
The invention will be described below with reference to a preferred embodiment in conjunction with the drawings. Herein shows
the only figure
a schematic representation of a device for providing a DC voltage.

Die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch eine Vorrichtung 1 zur Bereitstellung einer Gleichspannung 2 mit einer ersten Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 und einer zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7. An der ersten Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 ist eine erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 angeschlossen. Die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 weist hier zwei Einheiten auf, die miteinander verschaltet sind. Nach außen zugänglich ist ein positiver Anschluß 9 und ein negativer Anschluß 10 der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8. Die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 ist so an der ersten Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 elektrisch kontaktiert, daß der positive Anschluß 9 der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 an dem positiven Anschluß 3 der Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 und der negative Anschluß 10 der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 an dem negativen Pol 4 der ersten Anschlußanordnung angeschlossen ist. Die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 ist somit ordnungsgemäß angeschlossen und nicht verpolt.The single figure shows schematically a device 1 for providing a DC voltage 2 having a first terminal arrangement 3, 4 and a second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7. At the first terminal arrangement 3, 4, a first DC voltage source 8 is connected. The first DC voltage source 8 here has two units, which are interconnected. A positive terminal 9 and a negative terminal 10 of the first DC voltage source 8 are accessible to the outside. The first DC voltage source 8 is electrically contacted to the first terminal arrangement 3, 4 such that the positive terminal 9 of the first DC voltage source 8 is connected to the positive terminal 3 of the terminal arrangement 3, 4 and the negative terminal 10 of the first DC voltage source 8 at the negative pole 4 of the first terminal arrangement is connected. The first DC voltage source 8 is thus properly connected and not reversed.

An der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 ist eine zweite Gleichspannungsquelle 11 angeschlossen, die einen Gleichrichter 12 aufweist, der von einer externen Wechselspannungsquelle 13 gespeist wird. Ein positiver Anschluß 14 der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11 ist mit einem positiven Anschluß 5 der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 verbunden. Ein negativer Anschluß 15 der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11 ist an einen negativen Anschluß 6 der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 angeschlossen. Der negative Anschluß 6 der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 ist gleichzeitig mit einem Bezugspotential 16 der Vorrichtung 1 verbunden. Im vorliegenden Fall weist die zweite Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 einen weiteren Anschluß auf, der hier als Steueranschluß 7 verwendet wird. Dieser Steueranschluß 7 ist mit einem Steuerausgang 17 der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11 verbunden.At the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7, a second DC voltage source 11 is connected, which has a rectifier 12, which is fed by an external AC voltage source 13. A positive terminal 14 of the second DC voltage source 11 is connected to a positive terminal 5 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7. A negative terminal 15 of the second DC voltage source 11 is connected to a negative terminal 6 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7. The negative terminal 6 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7 is simultaneously connected to a reference potential 16 of the device 1. In the present case, the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7 has a further terminal, which is used here as a control terminal 7. This control terminal 7 is connected to a control output 17 of the second DC voltage source 11.

Die Ausgangsspannung der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11 zwischen dem positiven Anschluß 5 und dem negativen Anschluß 6 beträgt im vorliegenden Fall 27 Volt. Dies ist gleichzeitig die Ausgangsspannung des Gleichrichters 12. Die Ausgangsspannung der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 zwischen dem positiven Anschluß 9 und dem negativen Anschluß 10 der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 beträgt im vorliegenden Fall 12 Volt. Die Ausgangsspannung der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 ist somit kleiner als die Ausgangsspannung der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11. Aufgrund der Potentialdifferenz würde ohne weitere Maßnahmen ein Ladungsausgleich von der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11 zu der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 stattfinden. Dies wird jedoch durch ein Schutzelement 18 verhindert, das als Feldeffekttransistor 19 ausgeführt ist und einen Senkenanschluß 20 (engl. drain), einen Quellenanschluß 21 (engl. source) und einen Gatteranschluß 22 (engl. gate) aufweist. Der Feldeffekttransistor 19 ist beispielsweise vom Typ 2804 von International Rectifier.The output voltage of the second DC voltage source 11 between the positive terminal 5 and the negative terminal 6 is 27 volts in the present case. This is also the output voltage of the rectifier 12. The output voltage of the first DC voltage source 8 between the positive terminal 9 and the negative terminal 10 of the first DC voltage source 8 is 12 volts in the present case. The output voltage of the first DC voltage source 8 is thus smaller than the output voltage of the second DC voltage source 11. Due to the potential difference, a charge equalization would take place from the second DC voltage source 11 to the first DC voltage source 8 without further measures. However, this is prevented by a protection element 18, which is designed as a field-effect transistor 19 and a drain connection 20 (drain), a source terminal 21st (Source) and a gate terminal 22 (engl. The field effect transistor 19 is, for example, type 2804 from International Rectifier.

Der Feldeffekttransistor 19 ist elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet mit der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8. Dabei ist der Senkenanschluß 20 an dem negativen Anschluß 4 der ersten Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 angeschlossen. Der Quellenanschluß 21 hingegen ist am Bezugspotential 16 der Vorrichtung 1 angeschlossen. Der Gatteranschluß 22 des Feldeffekttransistors 19 ist mit dem Steueranschluß 7 der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 verbunden. Zwischen dem Gatteranschluß 22 und dem Steueranschluß 7 zweigt eine elektrische Verbindung ab, die eine Diode 23 aufweist, hier in der Ausführungsform einer Zener-Diode, und zum Bezugspotential 16 der Vorrichtung 1 führt. Die Diode 23 ist vom Gatteranschluß 22 in Richtung Bezugspotential 16 sperrend. Vom Gatteranschluß 22 und vom Steueranschluß 7 führt eine weitere elektrische Verbindung zum positiven Anschluß 3 der ersten Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 und gleichzeitig zum positiven Anschluß 5 der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7. In diesem Pfad parallel zur Reihenschaltung aus erster Gleichspannungsquelle 8 und Schutzelement 18 ist ein ohmscher Widerstand 24 mit einem Wert von 330 Kiloohm angeordnet.The field effect transistor 19 is electrically connected in series with the first DC voltage source 8. In this case, the drain terminal 20 is connected to the negative terminal 4 of the first terminal arrangement 3, 4. The source terminal 21, however, is connected to the reference potential 16 of the device 1. The gate terminal 22 of the field effect transistor 19 is connected to the control terminal 7 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7. Between the gate terminal 22 and the control terminal 7 branches off an electrical connection, which has a diode 23, here in the embodiment of a zener diode, and leads to the reference potential 16 of the device 1. The diode 23 is off the gate terminal 22 in the direction of reference potential 16. From the gate terminal 22 and the control terminal 7 performs another electrical connection to the positive terminal 3 of the first terminal assembly 3, 4 and simultaneously to the positive terminal 5 of the second terminal assembly 5, 6, 7. In this path parallel to the series connection of the first DC voltage source 8 and protection element 18th an ohmic resistor 24 having a value of 330 kilohms is arranged.

Es werden nun drei verschiedene Betriebsweisen der Vorrichtung 1 betrachtet. Bei allen drei Betriebsweisen ist die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 an der ersten Anschlußanordnung angeschlossen. Bei den ersten beiden Betriebsweisen ist keine zweite Gleichspannungsquelle 11 vorhanden. Dabei ist an dem positiven Anschluß 5, dem negativen Anschluß 6 und dem Steueranschluß 7 der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 keine vorgegebene Spannung vorhanden, so daß diese Anschlüsse 5, 6, 7 einen beliebigen Zustand annehmen können.Three different modes of operation of the device 1 will now be considered. In all three modes of operation, the first DC voltage source 8 is connected to the first terminal arrangement. In the first two modes no second DC voltage source 11 is present. In this case, no predetermined voltage is present at the positive terminal 5, the negative terminal 6 and the control terminal 7 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7, so that these terminals 5, 6, 7 can assume any state.

Eine Last 25 ist für einen ersten Gleichspannungsbereich zwischen 9,6 Volt und 17 Volt und einen zweiten Gleichspannungsbereich zwischen 21 Volt und 31 Volt ausgelegt. In diesen Gleichspannungsbereichen liegen die Versorgungsspannungen der ersten und der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 8, 11, nämlich etwa 12 Volt bzw. 24 Volt. Die abgegebene Gleichspannung der ersten und der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 8, 11 werden beispielsweise zusätzlich noch mit einem Umformer auf 48 Volt erhöht, um beispielsweise einen Verdichter als Last 25 zu versorgen. Die angeschlossene Last 25 sind beispielsweise ein oder mehrere Gleichspannungsverbraucher.A load 25 is designed for a first DC voltage range between 9.6 volts and 17 volts and a second DC voltage range between 21 volts and 31 volts. In these DC voltage ranges are the supply voltages of the first and the second DC voltage source 8, 11, namely about 12 volts and 24 volts. The output DC voltage of the first and the second DC voltage source 8, 11 are, for example, additionally increased by a converter to 48 volts, for example, to provide a compressor as a load 25. The connected load 25 are, for example, one or more DC consumers.

Bei der ersten Betriebsweise ist die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 ordnungsgemäß mit richtiger Polarität, also nicht verpolt, an die erste Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 angeschlossen. Die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle 11 ist nicht vorhanden. Die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 stellt etwa 12 Volt als Ausgangsspannung zur Verfügung. Hierdurch wird ein Strom durch den ohmschen Widerstand 24 und die Diode 23 verursacht. Da die Diode 23 mit einer Sperrspannung von 15 Volt kaum Strom durchläßt, entsteht ein Spannungsabfall am Feldeffekttransistor 19 zwischen dem Gatteranschluß 22 und dem Quellenanschluß 21. Durch diesen Spannungsabfall wird der Feldeffekttransistor 19 im eingeschalteten Zustand gehalten. Im eingeschalteten Zustand des Feldeffekttransistors 19 fließt im Feldeffekttransistor 19 ein Strom vom Senkenanschluß 20 über den Quellenanschluß 21 zum Bezugspotential 16. Hierdurch ist die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 parallel zu einer angeschlossenen Last 25 geschaltet, die kontinuierlich mit einer konstanten Gleichspannung der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 versorgt wird.In the first mode of operation, the first DC voltage source 8 is properly connected to the first terminal arrangement 3, 4 with the correct polarity, that is, not polarity reversed. The second DC voltage source 11 is absent. The first DC voltage source 8 provides about 12 volts as the output voltage. As a result, a current through the resistor 24 and the diode 23 is caused. Since the diode 23 with a blocking voltage of 15 volts hardly passes current, a voltage drop occurs at the field effect transistor 19 between the gate terminal 22 and the source terminal 21. By this voltage drop, the field effect transistor 19 is kept in the on state. In the on state of the field effect transistor 19 flows in the field effect transistor 19, a current from the drain terminal 20 via the source terminal 21 to the reference potential 16. Thus, the first DC voltage source 8 is connected in parallel to a connected load 25 which is continuously supplied with a constant DC voltage of the first DC voltage source 8.

Bei der zweiten Betriebsweise ist die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 verpolt an die erste Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 angeschlossen und die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle 11 nicht mit der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 verbunden. Der Feldeffekttransistor 19 verbindet dabei einen Stromfluß zur angeschlossenen Last 25. Dies geschieht dadurch, daß nun an dem Feldeffekttransistor 19 zwischen dem Gatteranschluß 22 und dem Quellenanschluß 21 eine negative Spannung anliegt. Dadurch bleibt der Feldeffekttransistor 19 in einem geschlossenen Zustand und verhindert einen Stromfluß von dem negativen Anschluß 10 der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 zum Bezugspotential 16. An der Last 25 liegt dann keine Gleichspannung 2 an. Der oder die angeschlossenen Verbraucher als Last 25 werden somit bei einer Verpolung der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 geschützt.In the second mode of operation, the first DC voltage source 8 is connected in reverse polarity to the first terminal arrangement 3, 4 and the second DC voltage source 11 is not connected to the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7 connected. The field effect transistor 19 connects a current flow to the connected load 25. This happens in that now applied to the field effect transistor 19 between the gate terminal 22 and the source terminal 21, a negative voltage. As a result, the field effect transistor 19 remains in a closed state and prevents current flow from the negative terminal 10 of the first DC voltage source 8 to the reference potential 16. At the load 25 then no DC voltage 2 is applied. The one or more connected loads as a load 25 are thus protected at a reverse polarity of the first DC voltage source 8.

Bei der dritten Betriebsweise der Vorrichtung 1 ist die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle 11 mit einer Ausgangsspannung von 27 Volt an der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 angeschlossen, so wie in der Figur dargestellt und zuvor beschrieben. Die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle 11 stellt an ihrem Steuerausgang 17 eine Steuerspannung bereit, die im vorliegende Fall Null Volt beträgt. Die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 mit einer Ausgangsspannung von 12 Volt ist dabei ordnungsgemäß mit richtiger Polarität, d.h. nicht verpolt, an der ersten Anschlußanordnung 3, 4 angeschlossen. Sobald die zweite Gleichspannungsquelle 11 vorhanden ist, wird an dem Steueranschluß 7 der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 das Potential auf Null Volt gehalten, so daß der Gatteranschluß 22 des Feldeffekttransistors 19 ebenfalls ein Potential von Null Volt annimmt. Zwischen dem Senkenanschluß 20 und dem Gatteranschluß 22 liegen dann etwa 15 Volt an. Hierdurch wird der Feldeffekttransistor 19 in seinem ausgeschalteten Zustand gehalten und ein Stromfluß vom Senkenanschluß 20 zum Bezugspotential 16 ist nicht möglich. Dies bedeutet, daß die erste Gleichspannungsquelle 8 in diesem Moment keine Funktion hat. Sie wird weder entladen noch wird sie von der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11 geladen. Bei dieser Betriebsweise wird die Last 25 von der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11 mit einer konstanten Gleichspannung 2 versorgt.In the third mode of operation of the device 1, the second DC voltage source 11 is connected to the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7 with an output voltage of 27 volts, as shown in the figure and described above. The second DC voltage source 11 provides at its control output 17, a control voltage which is zero volts in the present case. The first DC voltage source 8 with an output voltage of 12 volts is properly connected with the correct polarity, that is not polarity reversed, to the first terminal assembly 3, 4 connected. As soon as the second DC voltage source 11 is present, the potential is kept at zero volts at the control terminal 7 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7, so that the gate terminal 22 of the field effect transistor 19 also assumes a potential of zero volts. Between the drain terminal 20 and the gate terminal 22 are then about 15 volts. As a result, the field effect transistor 19 is held in its off state and a current flow from the drain terminal 20 to the reference potential 16 is not possible. This means that the first DC voltage source 8 has no function at this moment. It is neither discharged nor is it charged by the second DC voltage source 11. In this mode of operation, the load 25 is supplied by the second DC voltage source 11 with a constant DC voltage 2.

Insgesamt verhindert der Feldeffekttransistor 19 durch seine Beschaltung eine fehlerhafte Arbeitsweise der Vorrichtung 1 bei einer verpolten ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 und ein Aufladen und Entladen der ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 bei vorhandener zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11. Der Feldeffekttransistor 19 übernimmt somit gleichzeitig zwei Funktionen, so daß sich die Vorrichtung 1 zur Bereitstellung einer Gleichspannung 2 vereinfacht, ohne daß Sicherheitsaspekte vernachlässigt werden.Overall, the field effect transistor 19 prevents by its wiring a faulty operation of the device 1 in a reverse polarity first DC voltage source 8 and charging and discharging the first DC voltage source 8 in the presence of a second DC voltage source 11. The field effect transistor 19 thus assumes two functions simultaneously, so that the device. 1 to provide a DC voltage 2 simplified, without safety aspects are neglected.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, daß die beschriebene Vorrichtung 1 im vorgesehenen Betrieb mit einer nicht verpolten ersten Gleichspannungsquelle 8 betrieben wird, deren positiver Anschluß 9 an das Schutzelement 18 angeschlossen ist. Dementsprechend sind auch die Anschlüsse 14, 15 der zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 11 vertauscht, so daß der positive Anschluß 14 an dem Anschluß 6 und der negative Anschluß 15 an dem Anschluß 5 der zweiten Anschlußanordnung 5, 6, 7 angeschlossen ist. Das Bezugspotential 16 kann dabei beibehalten werden und nimmt folglich ein positives Potential an. Auch ist es möglich, daß die Vorrichtung 1 an den negativen Anschlüssen 10, 15 der ersten und zweiten Gleichspannungsquelle 8, 11 ein neues Bezugspotential erhält. Bei einer solchen abgewandelten Vorrichtung 1 sind die Sperr- und Durchlaßfunktionen der Diode 23 und des Feldeffekttransistors 19 oder eines anderen Schutzelementes an die geänderte Polarität anzupassen. Dies kann beispielsweise durch ein Vertauschen der Anschlüsse dieser elektrischer Komponenten geschehen. Auch ist es möglich, im Fall eines Feldeffekttransistors einen anderen Typ zu verwenden, der wie zuvor beschrieben arbeitet, jedoch bei geänderter Polarität.Of course, it is also possible that the described device 1 is operated in the intended operation with a non-reversed first DC voltage source 8, whose positive terminal 9 is connected to the protective element 18. Accordingly, the terminals 14, 15 of the second DC voltage source 11 are reversed, so that the positive terminal 14 is connected to the terminal 6 and the negative terminal 15 to the terminal 5 of the second terminal arrangement 5, 6, 7. The reference potential 16 can be maintained and thus assumes a positive potential. It is also possible that the device 1 at the negative terminals 10, 15 of the first and second DC voltage source 8, 11 receives a new reference potential. In such a modified device 1, the blocking and passage functions of the diode 23 and the field effect transistor 19 or other protective element to be adapted to the changed polarity. This can be done, for example, by interchanging the connections of these electrical components. It is also possible, in the case of a field effect transistor, to use another type which operates as described above but with a different polarity.

Claims (16)

  1. Device for supplying a direct voltage (2) with a first connecting arrangement (3, 4) for a first direct voltage source (8) and a second connecting arrangement (5, 6, 7) for a second direct voltage source (11), the device having a protective element (18) that is connected in series to a first connection of the first connecting arrangement (3, 4), characterised in that the protective element (18) is additionally connected to the second connecting arrangement (5, 6, 7), the protective element (18) being made as a transistor, whose gate connection (22) is connected to a second connection (9) of the first connecting arrangement (3, 4), thus preventing, in the case of a reversed polarity of the first direct voltage source (8), an incorrect mode of operation of the device, the gate connection (22) of the transistor also being connected to a control connection (17) of the second connecting arrangement (5, 6, 7) that blocks the transistor when the second direct voltage source (11) is connected, thus preventing a charging equalisation and a charging or discharging of one direct voltage source (8, 11) to the other direct voltage source (8, 11).
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the protective element (18) is electrically connected in series to the first direct voltage source (8).
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the protective element (18) is connected to a negative connection (10) of the first direct voltage source (8).
  4. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the protective element (18) is connected to a reference potential (16) of the device (1).
  5. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the second direct voltage source (11) is electrically connected in parallel to a series connection of the first direct voltage source (8) and the protective element (18).
  6. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that with the connected first direct voltage source (8) and the connected second direct voltage source (11) a discharging of the first direct voltage source (8) is prevented.
  7. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the first direct voltage source (8) has a lower output voltage than the second direct voltage source (11).
  8. Device according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the protective element (18) is a field-effect-transistor (19) with at least one drain connection (20), at least one source connection (21) and at least one gate connection (22).
  9. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that the drain connection (20) of the field-effect-transistor (19) is connected to a negative connection of the first connecting arrangement (3, 4).
  10. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the source connection (21) of the field-effect-transistor (19) is connected to a reference potential (16) of the device (1).
  11. Device according to one of the claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the gate connection (22) of the field-effect-transistor (19) is connected to a control outlet (17) of the second direct voltage source (11).
  12. Device according to one of the claims 8 to 11, characterised in that a diode (23) is arranged between the gate connection (22) of the field-effect-transistor (19) and the reference potential (16) of the device (1).
  13. Device according to one of the claims 8 to 12, characterised in that an ohmic resistor (24) is arranged between the gate connection (22) of the field-effect-transistor (19) and a positive connection (3) of the first connecting arrangement (3, 4).
  14. Method of supplying a direct voltage (2) with a device comprising a first connecting arrangement (3, 4) for a first direct voltage source (8) and a second connecting arrangement (5, 6, 7) for a second direct voltage source (11), a protective element (18) being connected to a first connection (10) of the first connecting arrangement (3, 4) and being driven in series with said first connecting arrangement (3, 4), characterised in that the protective element (18) is simultaneously driven at the second connecting arrangement (5, 6, 7), the protective element (18) being a transistor whose gate connection (22) is connected to a second connection (9) of the first connecting arrangement (3, 4), thus preventing, in connection with a reversed polarisation of the first direct voltage source (8), an incorrect mode of operation of the device, a control connection (17) of the second connecting arrangement (5, 6, 7) also being connected to the gate connection (22) of the transistor, the control connection (17) blocking the transistor when the second direct voltage source (11) is connected, thus preventing a charging equalisation and a charging or discharging of one of the direct voltage sources (8, 11) to the other direct voltage source (8, 11).
  15. Method according to claim 14, characterised in that the protective element is used to prevent a charging equalisation from the second direct voltage source to the first direct voltage source.
  16. Method according to claim 14 or 15, characterised in that a control output of the second direct voltage source, which is connected to a field-effect-transistor used as protective element, supplies a voltage value to the gate connection in dependence of a connected second direct voltage source.
EP06706091A 2005-03-10 2006-03-01 Device and method for supplying direct voltage Active EP1856785B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102005011520A DE102005011520A1 (en) 2005-03-10 2005-03-10 Apparatus and method for providing a DC voltage
PCT/DK2006/000120 WO2006094504A2 (en) 2005-03-10 2006-03-01 Device and method for supplying direct voltage

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CN101138143A (en) 2008-03-05
DE502006005979D1 (en) 2010-03-11
WO2006094504A3 (en) 2006-12-14
ATE456180T1 (en) 2010-02-15
WO2006094504A2 (en) 2006-09-14
ITTO20060180A1 (en) 2006-09-11
DE102005011520A1 (en) 2006-10-05
CN101138143B (en) 2013-03-27
US20080198522A1 (en) 2008-08-21

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