EP1411294A2 - Reflector having a structured surface and luminaire or indirect lighting system including such a reflector - Google Patents

Abstract

The reflector (1) has a number of different non-overlapping reflector regions (3), at least some of which have a light refractive or light reflecting surface (11) provided by a surface structure of projections and/or recesses (13a,13b,15a,15b), their edges following a line extending in 2 directions, so that the projections and/or recesses are concentric or concave relative to one another. Also included are Independent claims for the following: (a) a secondary illumination system; (b) a lamp with reflective sidewalls and/or upper wall

Description

The invention relates generally to reflectors, and more particularly to reflectors for secondary illumination systems. general reflectors, where the reflection surface in reflective Individual areas, such as Facets, is decomposed.

In many lighting applications, especially in the outdoor lighting area, the Reflection surface of a reflector decomposed into a large number of small areas, each specific Have reflection properties. In this way, on the one hand, a reflection characteristic achieved with a smooth surface is difficult or impossible to achieve. On the other hand, it also decomposes the mirror image of the light source into many small points of light, which reduces the glare for a viewer. This concerns in particular secondary illumination systems, for example of the type described in EP 0 735 311 A1 or EP 0 479 042 A2 are disclosed. In particular, if the elements of the reflector for redirecting or Widening of the light rays are provided, these usually consist of convex or concave mirror elements which have a smooth course over their surface without Have discontinuities. Discontinuities occur at most at the interface between mirror elements on. The known mirror elements are three-dimensional Elements that are formed either in a metal surface or plastic shaped and provided with a reflective coating. Such structures are disadvantageous because of their uneven surface and their depending on the radius of curvature and Intended use partly large volume, especially in Sekundärbeleuchtungssystemen in the outdoor area forms an increased wind attack surface.

It is the object of the invention, an alternative to the previously used voluminous Facets for use with reflectors, especially secondary reflectors.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a reflector, in particular a reflector for secondary illumination systems, which has several non-overlapping reflection areas wherein at least a part, preferably each of the reflection areas at least has a refractive or light reflecting surface on which a light directing Reflection area structure is formed by elevations and / or depressions, wherein a Edge of at least two unconnected elevations or depressions of the Reflection area structure follows one line in each case. According to a preferred embodiment According to the invention, each of these two lines extends in two dimensions; they form So no straight line, but a curved line, a polygon or the like.

The reflector according to the invention does not necessarily reflect over its entire surface but may also be translucent and / or light wholly or partially absorbent Contain areas. The reflector according to the invention does not necessarily have to the only reflector in a lamp, but can interact with other reflectors or a partial reflector of a larger reflector or a part of a larger one form optical component.

The reflection areas can be wholly or partly in terms of their shape and / or optical Properties be different. Preferably, they can be in visual perception be perceived as separate areas in a reflection of light.

The invention may in particular provide that the one survey or depression the other either completely surrounds or at least partially surrounds. It can be provided in particular be that one elevation or depression is concave with respect to the other. Under concave in this context is not necessarily a concave curvature but generally a line shape that defines a depression that is not necessarily be smooth, but also points of discontinuity, as in a polygon, can have.

That the two elevations or depressions are not connected to one another means that the inner elevation or depression on all sides by a section with a lower or higher level is separated from the outer elevation or depression. there However, an edge line that limits the elevations or depressions, both Surveys or depressions may be wholly or partially common.

In a preferred embodiment, the outer of the two elevations or depressions limited (or, in the case of more than two elevations or depressions, the outermost one) Structure.

According to a preferred embodiment it is provided that at least one of the two Elevations or depressions within a reflection area structure branching and / or is crossing-free, i. there is no further elevation or depression in the reflection area structure, which crosses one of these two surveys and / or flows into them or into which one of these two surveys ends.

In particular, the invention can also provide that the two elevations or depressions offset from all other elevations or depressions of the reflection area structure are, i. between them and the other elevations or depressions is located always a section of lower or higher levels.

The reflection area structure is limited to the respective reflection area.

In the simplest case, the reflector consists of a material with one at least partially directed reflecting surface, which in the various areas of reflection as before is structured described. Preferably, the surface is completely reflective, so formed mirroring. However, it can also be designed so that only a part directed by the light and the rest of the light is reflected diffusely, wherein the proportion of the directionally reflected light to the total reflected light according to the preferred embodiments of the invention greater than or equal to 50%, in particular is greater than 70%.

The appropriate shaping of a homogeneous material, e.g. a reflector sheet can manufacturing technology be problematic. The invention can therefore provide that the reflector in the said reflection areas essentially of a body of a moldable Material, e.g. Glass, plastic or the like, which on an outer surface of the reflection region structure and having an outer surface the light incident surface for the Reflection range forms, while the light incident surface or the light incident surface opposite Area with one at least partially, preferably completely directed reflective coating, e.g. a mirroring layer, or, more generally, has an interface with a wholly or partially directed reflective material.

A reflector according to the invention can be a transmission body in the region of or several of the reflection areas, in which light can enter and exit and which one Light incident side and one of the light incident side has opposite side, and a Reflection device, which has entered the body light in the field of the light incident side opposite side reflected back into the body.

The transmission body consists essentially of a translucent material. He can, but does not have to be translucent as a whole, but may also, for example, e.g. by a reflective coating, be designed as a reflector or mirror.

The invention may provide that the light incident side opposite side of Transmissive body at least in one of said reflection areas an interface to a light wholly or partially directed reflective material has and preferably with a directionally reflective coating, in particular a completely directed reflective coating, is provided.

The reflective side of the transmission body does not necessarily have to be coated but can also be directly reflective to a voluminous Body adjacent, so that an interface between the translucent material of the Transmissive body and a reflective body is formed. If the the light incident side is structured opposite side of the transmission body, for example also be provided that the wells of the structure with a reflective Material are filled and the level surface thus formed, if necessary, with another Layer is provided of a reflective material, so that in total on the light incident side opposite side creates a smooth surface.

The invention may provide that the light incident side opposite side of Transmissive body is transparent and on this side a reflective body, preferably with a smooth surface, in particular a directionally reflecting reflector, is provided adjacent to the transmission body, which exiting from this side Reflected light back into the transmission body.

The reflective body can connect directly to the transmission body or also from this, e.g. be separated by a slight air gap.

The invention may provide that said reflection region structure on the light incident side the transmission body in at least one reflection region of the reflector is trained.

The invention may provide that the reflection region structure in at least one reflection region is formed on the light incident side opposite side.

The invention may provide that the reflection area structure in a translucent Surface is formed and acts refractive.

The invention may provide that the light incident side opposite side of Transmissive body in at least one reflection region, the said reflection region structure has and completely reflective, in particular fully directed reflective is.

The invention may provide that the light incident side of the transmission body in at least a reflection region, preferably all reflection regions, is smooth.

This embodiment of the invention has the particular advantage that the light incident surface the reflector is completely smooth, which makes these insensitive to pollution and mechanical Makes actions and facilitates the cleaning. In this arrangement, the for the optics of the reflector important reflection area structure protected by that is located on the inside of the transmission body.

The invention can provide in particular that the transmission body on a support plate is arranged. This gives the reflector stability and protects at the same time from the Light incident side of the transmission body side facing away. This is especially true advantageous if the structured side of the transmission body from the light incident side turned away. Preferably, the light-conducting body is directly adjacent to the support plate. According to a further development, the light-conducting body on the sides of the support plate or enclosing a housing such that each may pass through the reflective area structure Conditional space between the support plate and the transmission body after is completed on the outside.

The invention may provide that one or more reflection areas wholly or partly bounded by the edge or edge of a body which is on its surface contains one or more reflective area structures.

The invention may provide that one or more reflection areas wholly or partly by a portion of a body having on one surface one or more reflective area structures having limited, which no elevations or depressions and transverse to the lines of the ridges or the soles of elevations or depressions the associated reflection area structure runs and these elevations or depressions Limited in length.

• den Rand oder eine Kante eines Körpers, welcher auf seiner Oberfläche ein oder mehrere Reflexionsbereichsstrukturen aufweist und/oder einen Bereich eines Körpers, welcher an seiner Oberfläche eine oder mehrere Reflexionsbereichsstrukturen aufweist, ohne Erhöhungen oder Vertiefungen und
• eine oder mehrere linienförmige Erhöhungen oder Vertiefungen, welche an jeder ihrer beiden Endpunkte durch den Rand des Körpers oder den Bereich ohne Erhöhungen und Vertiefungen hinsichtlich ihrer Längsrichtung begrenzt wird.

The invention may provide that the boundary of one or more reflection regions is formed by:

• the edge or edge of a body having on its surface one or more reflection area structures and / or a portion of a body having on its surface one or more reflection area structures, without elevations or depressions and
• one or more line-shaped elevations or depressions bounded at each of its two end points by the edge of the body or the area without elevations and depressions with respect to their longitudinal direction.

The invention may provide that one or more areas of reflection by the edge of a self-contained increase or depression are limited.

The invention may also provide that one or more, in particular all reflection ranges each formed on the surface of each of a body, wherein the or the corresponding bodies each have only this one reflection region and wherein the boundaries of the reflection range in this case, preferably with the edge of the surface of this body, which forms the reflection area, coincide.

The invention may provide that an edge of at least two elevations or depressions each follows either a closed line or together with the edge of the reflection area forms a closed line, such that the one elevation or depression the other either alone or together with the edge of the reflection area completely surrounds. It may be provided in particular that the enclosed survey or depression is limited in part by the said closed line. For example can limit the enclosed elevation or depression to the edge of the reflection area, which, together with the edge of the elevation or depression, forms the closed line, which surrounds the survey or depression.

The invention may provide that an edge of a plurality of elevations or depressions of a or a plurality of reflection area structures follows a line, which is the projection of a Height line of a three-dimensional, preferably convex or concave curved imaginary Body whose base is identical to the surface of the reflection area, on whose base area corresponds.

The invention can provide that the reflection areas with respect to the two-dimensional Shape of their edge (not necessarily with regard to the structure formed on them elevations and / or depressions) are uniform or at least several Refelxionsbereiche the same two-dimensional shape of its edge, especially the same Outline shape and the same size. For example, it can be provided that it too Any two-dimensional shape of a reflection area or at least for several different two-dimensional shapes or the majority thereof, in the reflector more Reflection areas are, which have this shape. Alternatively or additionally, in different reflection areas the same structure of elevations and / or depressions to be available. In particular, it may be provided that it applies to any structure of surveys and / or depressions, but at least to several such structures or the predominant Part thereof, each having a plurality of reflection areas having this structure, this structure being the same or, according to an alternative embodiment, can be oriented differently.

On the other hand, it can be provided according to the invention in particular that the reflection areas have different structures or structures with the same topology but different Have orientation. For example, in structures with elevations and / or depressions that follow an open line, the openings that intervene between the Endpoints of the line are defined, in a reflection area in another direction as in a different area of reflection, although the lines themselves are within the range of reflection have the same topology. For example, the ratio of the two Be reflective areas such that the one reflection area by a rotation of the other Reflection range can be generated.

The invention may provide that for at least two elevations or depressions, respectively one edge that is not identical to one edge of the other well, on a portion an imaginary closed line runs, with one of the two imaginary closed lines completely encloses the other and where the sub-area on which the edge of each survey or depression runs, in each case by neighboring Intersections is defined with a third imaginary closed line (borderline), which intersects the first and second closed imaginary lines. This third imaginary In a sense, line forms a frame with which that section of the two imaginary ones closed lines, which in the reflection area structure in the form of a survey or Recess is to be implemented, is cut out. The third imaginary closed In particular, line may coincide with the boundary of a reflection range.

The invention may provide that several, preferably all elevations and / or depressions a reflection area structure are closed in themselves or at their ends in the Edge of the reflection area open.

The invention may also provide that the reflection area structure has a central portion which is bounded on all sides by a survey or depression, and the reflection area structure outside this central area is entirely made up of elevations and recesses, which are separated from each other and each one closed Follow line or a line that opens at their ends in the edge of the reflection area and forms a closed line together with the edge of the reflection area, wherein each of these elevations and depressions alone or together with the edge of the reflection area enclosing the central area and each of these elevations or depressions of all surveys or recesses that are outside the area enclosed by it located on all sides that do not coincide with the edge of the reflection area, is enclosed.

The invention may also provide that a reflection area structure has a marginal area which is on those sides where it does not pass through the edge of the reflection area is limited by a separate collection or depression and the reflection area structure outside of this edge area entirely from elevations and recesses, which are separated from each other and each of a line, the opens at their ends in the edge of the reflection region and together with this one closed line forms follow, with each of these elevations or depressions together enclosing said edge region with the edge of the reflective region and each These surveys or depressions of all surveys or wells that are outside of the area enclosed by it, on all sides together with the Enclosed edge of the reflection area.

In particular, the invention may provide that in a reflection region structure Survey or depression completely outside that of another survey or depression enclosed or enclosed area lies. It can be provided in particular be that the survey or depression that a second survey or depression completely or partially encloses or at least concave against this and with this second survey is not connected, outside of that range, which by this elevation or depression and an imaginary straight line representing the two endpoints the second survey or depression connects, is included. Vice versa can also be provided that the second survey or depression, which according to the invention is completely or partially enclosed by a first survey or depression or with respect to which the first bump is concave, within that range which is due to this first elevation or depression and an imaginary straight line, which connects the two endpoints of the first survey or depression, included becomes.

The invention may provide that the elevations and / or depressions outside the Central region or edge region at least partially concentric and / or parallel to each other are.

The invention may provide that the lying outside of the central region or edge region Elevations and / or depressions at least partially have a circular shape.

Depending on the field of application and intended use, these surveys or depressions also have another closed geometric shape, e.g. that of an ellipse, a square, a rectangle or other polygon or the like, or the shape of a Have a subsection of this.

The invention can provide that the central area or edge area to the outside has concave or convex curved surface.

When the said reflection area structure is formed in a light-reflecting surface is and this light-reflecting surface forms the light incident side of the reflector, this is Surface preferably convexly convex towards the outside. If this reflective surface of the Light incident surface opposite surface of a transmission body, it is preferably to the outside concave (ie convex to the light incident side).

The invention may provide that the elevations and / or depressions outside the Central region or edge region in a cross-section perpendicular to the direction of the line, which follows the survey or depression, are formed like a jag.

In particular, it can be provided that the said reflection region structure of the structure a Fresnel lens corresponds.

However, the refractive reflection region structure does not have to be a Fresnel lens act, i. be formed in a transparent interface of a body. she can be formed in a reflective surface so that it forms a reflector, the is structured similar to a Fresnel lens.

With the reflection region structure according to the invention, the thickness of the reflector opposite a conventional facet structure can be reduced and at the same time the reflection properties a facet structure are essentially retained. constructive can be a facet structure of a known type in a reflector structure according to the invention by making the facet substantially more uniform in layers on the one hand Thickness and on the other hand in (not necessarily circular cylindrical) cylinder sections perpendicular to the base of the facet whose base is defined by the intersecting line of the bottom or top Top of a layer is defined with the surface of the facet divided and in each this cylinder sections maintains only the top of the layers and at the base level the facet orders. This principle is illustrated schematically in FIG. Precautionary will be on it indicated that Fig. 1 only the general idea of the construction of a Reflecting region structure according to the invention illustrated. As a rule, it will be necessary be to optimize the contour of the individual sections of the reflection area structure, Thus, the reflection properties of the reflection region structure substantially the reflection properties correspond to the original facet.

The invention may provide that the height of the elevations of the reflection area structure, in relation to a parallel to a smooth imaginary or real surface, which is an envelope the light incident surface forms in a reflection region, at least predominantly have the same height.

This means that the elevations (or depressions) only a certain maximum height or depth and, if necessary, the number of elevations or depressions increased must be to a stronger light control, such as in a more curved Ball dome is given to simulate. In this way it is possible to flat Reflective elements to produce what the design, design and maintenance of the reflector simplified.

For use in lighting tasks, feature sizes are within a range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm proved to be advantageous. In particular, certain preferred ones Embodiments, the width of the survey and / or depression, based on a cross section perpendicular to a tangent to the line following the elevation or depression, in a range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm.

The dimensions of the reflection areas can, especially in applications for secondary illumination systems, in a range from 40 mm x 40 mm to 4000 mm x 4000 mm, in particular 40 mm x 40 mm to 350 mm x 350 mm, according to certain embodiments from 40mm x 40mm to 150mm x 150mm, in another embodiment about 300 mm x 300 mm, lie.

While in one embodiment the reflection areas are square and in this case the preceding measures indicate both the area and the edge length, the reflection areas may also have other shapes, eg a rectangular shape, a hexagon shape, the shape of a circle segment or the shape of a ring or ring portion In these cases, the area of these areas is equal to the area implied by the preceding measures, and thus, according to certain embodiments, may be in the range 16 x 10 ² mm ² to 16 x 10 ⁶ mm ² .

The reflector or partial sections of the reflector can be flat. This is especially true at advantageous for use in secondary illumination systems. The reflector or sections however, in certain embodiments, the reflector may also be curved or otherwise shaped.

A reflector according to the invention can be constructed from a plurality of reflection regions which directly adjoin one another and preferably regularly, similar to a faceted reflector, are arranged. The individual reflection areas can be like facets Act. In particular, in reflection, they may be present in at least some, preferably all Viewing directions as individual light sources act, each on the respective Reflection range appears limited.

It can be provided in particular that the reflection region structure in a or repeats two directions periodically, with the reflection area structures adjacent Reflection areas can also be directly adjacent to each other.

In a periodic formation of the reflection areas or in a quasi-periodic Training in which the structure is not strict in the individual reflection areas repeated, but only one or more structural features repeat and / or the Repetition does not start at equal intervals, can be the boundary between the reflection areas are defined by the line (s) in which the structure or said structural features begin to repeat each case.

The invention can provide that at least a part of the reflection areas respectively a transmission body are defined which has exactly one reflection area structure has at least two unrelated elevations or depressions, of where the one at least partially surrounds the other and / or is concave to this. The single ones Transmissive bodies can be interconnected. You can e.g. be integrally formed with a connecting them supporting portion of the reflector.

Overall, the reflector can be structured in a facet-like manner, the reflection areas each correspond to a facet, except that in this case the facets of the reflector not with a curvature, but with the above-described reflection area structure are provided.

The invention may provide that the reflection ranges are defined by a Body of translucent or opaque material on a surface several reflection area structures of elevations and depressions are provided, which have at least two separate elevations or depressions, one of which at least partially surrounds and / or is concave with the other, wherein each of the reflective area structures over other reflective area structures is limited by a preferably self-contained elevation or depression, which is separate from other surveys or wells.

In this embodiment of the invention, several or even all reflection areas in realized a single body, which on one of its surfaces as described above is structured. The reflection areas are at least partially through the outline the respective reflection area structure limited and thus defined. Because the outer Elevation or depression that limits the range of reflection, other surveys or depressions does not cross or merge with them, but at best their edge possibly coinciding with an edge of a neighboring elevation or depression, the corresponding reflection area of the reflector is clearly delimited. When the reflection area structure has several self-contained elevations or depressions, which surround each other, the outermost of these elevations or depressions sets the edge of the Reflection range fixed. Conversely, in this embodiment, if the limiting Survey or depression is closed, no survey or depression of a reflection area an elevation of the reflection area structure of another Enclose reflection area in the sense of a closed line, crossing it or in these lead to.

In particular, the invention may also provide that a plurality of on the surface of a body Reflection areas are realized with different reflection area structures. This The body as a whole can form the reflector or part of a larger, more than one be such body composite reflector.

The invention provides in particular reflectors, which are used for lighting tasks be used, in which at least in certain directions light fluxes of more than 1000 lumens are emitted, and in particular also lights or lighting systems for such lighting tasks available, in which one or more Light sources cooperate with a reflector according to the invention. invention Luminaires in which a reflector, as described above, is used Table lamps, surface-mounted and recessed luminaires, pendant luminaires, Floor lamps, wall lights or outdoor lights. Lighting tasks that be solved with a reflector according to the invention or a lamp according to the invention can, in particular, space illumination, street lighting, facade radiation or a combination of these three applications, furthermore free-form illumination, Roundabout illumination or spot illumination.

A particularly advantageous application of the invention in secondary lighting systems, in particular if the reflector of the secondary illumination system is planar is, as well as generally lighting arrangements with a reflective component and a light emitting component, which are separated from each other.

In particular, the invention provides a secondary illumination system with a light source and a reflector spaced from the light source and emitting the light emitted from the light source Light reflected in a room area to be illuminated, available which characterized in that the reflector is formed as described above.

For example, the secondary reflector of the secondary illumination system can be mounted on a ceiling a room arranged or suspended from the ceiling, while a thrower lamp formed light source near the ground or sunk in the ground or at least spaced from the ceiling. The secondary reflector can also be attached to a frame or attached to a mast, wherein in a lower region of the mast or frame, offset from the secondary reflector, e.g. by 1 to 15 meters or more, one or more launchers are arranged as light sources.

Depending on the application, the distance between the light source of the secondary illumination system, which in particular can be a projector light, and the reflector between 0.1 m and 50 m, with distances of about 0.1 m to 3 m, especially in the interior lighting area be used while larger distances, such as Distances of 3 m or more, especially in outdoor areas will be used. In principle, however, larger distances than 3 m can occur even at high internal spaces, while in outdoor lights, where the launcher attached to the end of a mast is, the distance from the reflector are quite in the range of 0.1 m to 1 m can.

However, the invention is not limited to the use of such reflectors in secondary lighting systems limited, but can in particular also with direct-radiating Lights are used, especially as a roof or side wall reflector in lights with lateral light coupling, optionally in conjunction with a refractive Structure at or near the light exit surface, or in conventional lights, at where the light source is arranged in a reflector. In the latter case, in particular be provided that one, several or all sides of the reflector in whole or in part are just. Because the light-directing properties of the reflector through the structure of elevations and / or depressions are determined and not by a specific curvature the side wall, it is according to the invention not necessary, curved reflector walls to use as they are otherwise commonly used. This will increase on the one hand the design possibilities. For example, you can shine with a four-pronged, Hexagonal, octagonal or otherwise polygonal light exit surface with inventive produce flat reflectors, which have similar properties as conventional have round lights with a curved reflector.

On the other hand, the production is simplified because it is possible with basically the same Structure of the reflector by different plane reflector elements different Achieve light-emitting properties. In particular, it can be provided that in a Support structure, a plurality of inventively embodied reflectors are included, which together form a luminaire reflector and optionally also interchangeable. It is also possible, a series of lights with the same basic structure, in particular with the same structure of the reflector, to realize that only by a different Distinguish structuring of the reflector surface.

An inventive reflector or a luminaire according to the invention can in particular a shielded light distribution, for example for computer workstations (BAP), produce a low-beam or wide-beam light distribution.

The invention is generally applicable to optical reflective luminaire components. For example, according to the invention, the effect of a lighting grid with reflective Slats are obtained by a body with reflective and translucent sections is provided, the lamellae of a grid or the spaces between correspond to the fins, so for example strip-shaped reflective areas, the correspond to the slats and which also strip-shaped light-transmitting areas alternate, which correspond to the spaces between the slats. there This sequence of stripe-shaped translucent and reflective sections supplemented by a frame-shaped, surrounding these sections reflective area which is the side reflectors in a luminaire with a grid or side reflectors corresponds to the grid. The reflective areas can be used as reflectors Elevations and / or depressions formed in the manner described above be that emulate the reflection effect of the slats or the side reflectors.

The invention also provides a reflector having one or more areas of reflection each having at least one refractive or light-reflecting surface, on the a light-guiding reflection area structure of elevations and / or depressions is formed, wherein at least one reflection region or a combination of a plurality of reflection regions at least approximately the reflection properties of a Wall, in particular a side wall of a lamella, in particular a three-dimensional Lamella having.

The reflector can also have two opposite sides, each are provided with one or more reflection regions according to the invention, which at least approximately the reflection properties of opposing each other Have side walls of a lamella. It can also be provided in particular that the Reflector is designed three-dimensional and next to the two side walls and a Has roof wall, wherein the side walls and optionally the roof wall in accordance with the invention Mann are designed such that they the reflection properties of a corresponding Slat at least approximately.

It can be provided in particular that the one or more reflection areas, which the Have reflective properties of a wall of a lamella, of a Fresnel construction the lamella, as illustrated in Figure 1 and has been explained above.

In particular, it can be provided that the reflection area structure or the reflection area structures, which emulate the lamella, parallel elevations and / or depressions, contains concentric circular or arc sections or the like.

It can be provided in particular that one, several or all walls of the reflector, apart from the elevations and depressions of the structure, even, in particular not are curved. In this way it is possible to use the normally used curved ones To replace slats with flat reflectors, which have a similar effect.

According to the invention, it can be provided, in particular, that in one or more reflection regions, which emulate the properties of a wall of a lamella, the reflector is made of a translucent material and on a surface with an inventive Structure is provided, being adjacent to this structured surface or her or on the opposite surface a reflective layer or a reflective one Body is present, in particular a specularly reflective layer. The reflective Layer can be spaced from the structured surface and through the translucent Material to be separated. For example, if only one wall emulates a slat is to be, according to the invention can be a surface of a translucent body structure and mirror this surface or the opposite surface. Want one two opposite side of a blade by an inventive Reflect emulator, you can see two such reflectors, which are structured on a surface and provided on the opposite surface with a reflective coating are joining together back to back. Accordingly, one acts, if one additionally still wants to emulate a curved roof wall of a lamella or possibly other, in particular curved sections of a lamella.

Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that a plurality of reflectors or combinations of reflectors, each emulating a blade, spaced from each other are. These reflectors or combinations of reflectors can transparent areas are separated from each other, in particular from the same base material how the base material of the reflectors can be made. However, it can also be provided be that, as with a normal grid, these reflectors or combinations separated from reflectors by free spaces. In a further development, it is also possible to provide individual reflectors according to the invention, each having optical properties similar or identical to those of a lamella, a side reflector and / or others Have components of a grid and to assemble a reflector arrangement from these parts, which in terms of their optical properties of a conventional grid corresponds and in particular has parts or sections which, in terms of their optical Properties correspond to lamellae, and / or parts or sections which, in terms of their optical properties side reflectors of a grid or other components of a Rasters correspond.

The structures which define the reflection regions according to the invention can be used with respect to their diameter, their shape and also with regard to the curvature of the elevations or depressions vary. There are both symmetrical structures and structures possible, which go back to free-form surfaces (see Fig. 1).

The invention is based on the surprising finding that the conventional facet elements, which require a relatively large volume and training in three dimensions, can be replaced by a flatter structure, which is essentially on a two-dimensional Basic structure is based along which formed elevations and depressions become. This results in a lower weight and, when used outdoors, a lower windage area. At the same time, this also opens up the advantageous possibility to design the reflector so that it is less susceptible to contamination and easier to clean.

Fig. 1

ist eine schematische Darstellung, welche das Prinzip der Konstruktion einer erfindungsgemäßen Struktur illustriert.

Fig. 2

zeigt schematisch eine Reflektorfläche gemäß der Erfindung in einer Draufsicht.

Fig. 3

zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie III-III in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4

zeigt schematisch eine Abwandlung der Struktur der Reflexionsbereiche gemäß Fig. 2 auf einem Teilabschnitt des Reflektors.

Fig. 5

zeigt einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie V-V in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6

zeigt eine Realisierung einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte als Tischleuchte.

Fig. 7

zeigt schematisch die Realisierung einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte als Deckenleuchte,

Fig. 8

zeigt ein Anwendungsbeispiel bei einer Außenleuchte, wobei verschiedene Beleuchtungsaufgaben illustriert sind,

Fig. 9

zeigt schematisch eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte mit einem Lichtleiter, die einen erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Reflektor aufweist,

Fig. 10

zeigt ein schematisches Anwendungsbeispiel von erfindungsgemäßen Reflektoren zur Verwendung anstelle eines Leuchtenrasters.

Fig. 11

zeigt schematisch eine weitere mögliche Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte.

Further features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention and the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

is a schematic representation illustrating the principle of construction of a structure according to the invention.

Fig. 2

schematically shows a reflector surface according to the invention in a plan view.

Fig. 3

schematically shows a cross section along the line III-III in Fig. 2nd

Fig. 4

schematically shows a modification of the structure of the reflection regions of FIG. 2 on a portion of the reflector.

Fig. 5

shows a cross section along the line VV in Fig. 4th

Fig. 6

shows a realization of a lamp according to the invention as a table lamp.

Fig. 7

shows schematically the realization of a luminaire according to the invention as a ceiling lamp,

Fig. 8

shows an application example in an outdoor light, wherein various lighting tasks are illustrated,

Fig. 9

shows schematically an embodiment of a luminaire according to the invention with a light guide, which has a reflector designed according to the invention,

Fig. 10

shows a schematic application example of reflectors according to the invention for use in place of a lighting grid.

Fig. 11

schematically shows another possible embodiment of a lamp according to the invention.

2 schematically shows a reflector according to the invention designated generally by 1; on the explanation, two rows of reflection areas 3 are formed are. The reflector has a base plate 5, which essentially serves as a support plate and intended to give stability to the whole structure. In the illustrated embodiment this support plate 5 has no optical function. On the support plate 5 is a Body 7 made of a translucent material, e.g. by gluing or by a mechanical Attachment attached, which has a smooth surface 9 on the of the support plate. 5 opposite side and a textured surface 11 on the support plate 5 facing Side has. In the surface 11 recesses 13a to 13c and 15a to 15c are formed (see Fig. 3), each having a substantially vertical inwardly facing wall and have a curved outwardly facing wall. These depressions are in Fig. 2 with indicated by solid lines. In the region of the recesses 13a to 13c and 15a to 15c the surface 11 is mirrored. In the area 17 between the two structures, the Surface 11 also be mirrored. However, it may be desirable to straighten in area 11 To bring about no reflection to the individual areas 3 optically stronger from each other to separate. In this case, the surface 11 or the opposite surface of the support plate 5 provided in this area 17 with a light-absorbing or light-scattering coating.

The surface 9 forms the light incident surface of the reflector. Light, which is on this surface is incident, enters the body 7 and is at the interface in the region of the recesses 13a to 13c and 15a to 15c reflected so that it exits at the surface 9 again. There are the recesses 13a to 13c and 15a to 15c according to the design principle shown in Fig. 1 designed to be shaped like a three-dimensional curved surface, e.g. one Kugelkalotte, act. For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that the drawings neither to scale nor the shape of the recesses 13a to 13c and 15a to 15c Realistic is reproduced. These were shown only schematically for illustration. Overall, therefore, the reflector 1 acts like a faceted reflector with spherical caps, as in Fig. 1 are shown. Unlike a dome reflector, however, it has a smooth surface 9 and can be made much flatter. Preferably, the plate 7 has a thickness in a range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm. This leads to correspondingly flat reflector walls.

Fig. 4 shows a modification of the reflection area structure in which the outer recesses do not have a closed shape. The wells here designated 21a and 21b, which correspond to the recesses 13a and 13b and 15a and 15b have in this embodiment a horseshoe shape whose open side leads to an unstructured area 23 has. It can be seen from the cross section of Fig. 5 that each of the recesses 21 a and 21b on the unstructured area 23 adjacent side of a vertical wall 25th is limited. In the direction perpendicular to the line V-V corresponds to the cross section of Structure that of the recesses 13a and 13b of Fig. 3. The area 21c may be a Have maximum in its interior, as is the case with the recess 13c, or else have its maximum at the edge adjacent to the unstructured region 23.

Numerous modifications of the illustrated and described embodiments are possible. For example, it would be conceivable that provided on the surface 11 structure on the Form page 9, wherein then instead of depressions, such as the recesses 13 a to 13 c or 15a to 15c, on the surface 9 corresponding surveys would have to be provided. If the side 9 is mirrored, the body 7 need not be translucent. If sufficient Stability can be omitted in this case, the support plate 5.

According to a further modification of the invention, the body 5 can be located both on the light incident surface 9 as well as at the light incident surface opposite side with a Be provided structure that acts refractive or light-reflecting.

In a modified embodiment can also be provided that the surface 11 is not is mirrored and the support plate 5 completely or in the region of the structures 13a to 13c and 15a is formed to 15c mirrored. It could also be provided that the area of the depressions 13a to 13c and 15a to 15c with a reflective material by volume is filled, so that a smooth interface with the support plate 5 is formed.

While in Fig. 2 the reflection area structures passing through the recesses 13a, 13b, 13c were formed as shown separated by the intermediate region 17, These areas can also be directly adjacent to each other, such that a part the edge of a recess 13a of a reflection region 3 at the same time a part of the edge the recess 13a of the next reflection area forms.

A secondary illumination system according to the invention may have a structure which is identical to the structure which is e.g. in EP 0 735 311 A1 or EP 0 479 042 A2 and is shown, to which reference is made for further details, wherein only the secondary reflector in the invention described above Way is formed. In particular, such a secondary illumination system in the preferred embodiment, a launcher and a distance from the projector light arranged secondary reflector, which is formed according to the invention on. Especially can be used in an arrangement as described in EP 0 479 042 A2 or EP 0 735 311 A1 is described, the various individual reflectors formed in the manner according to the invention be or even each reflection areas in a reflector according to the invention correspond. It is not absolutely necessary that the individual reflectors or units can be adjusted with several individual reflectors. According to a possible embodiment These individual reflectors or such units may also be interchangeable, so that they in place, depending on the desired Lichtabstrahlcharakteristik be used can be used to create a specific illumination distribution.

Basically, in Sekundärbeleuchtungssystemen by replacing the inventive Reflectors or parts of the reflector according to the invention by a erfindungegemäßen Reflector or reflector parts according to the invention with different reflection properties the light emission characteristics of the secondary illumination system are changed.

Figs. 6 to 8 illustrate embodiments of such secondary illumination systems.

In Fig. 6, a secondary lighting system is designed as a table lamp, wherein the reference numeral 30 a table, the reference numeral 32 a projector light, the reference numeral 34th a reflector according to the invention and the reference numeral 36 denotes the illuminated surface. In applications of this kind, the distance between the projector light 32 and the reflector 34 be 0.1 m to 0.5 m.

Fig. 7 shows a secondary lighting system in which below a ceiling 40, a projector light 42 is mounted, which light on a reflector designed according to the invention 44, which reflects the light to the adjacent wall, the reference numeral 46 denotes the illuminated area.

Fig. 8 shows an application example in the outdoor lighting area. The reference numeral 50 denotes while a mast, the reference numeral 52 denotes a projector light and the reference numeral 54 denotes a reflector according to the invention, which detects the light emitted by the projector light 52 is irradiated to him, reflected in different areas.

In Fig. 8, various lighting tasks are illustrated with the inventive Reflector can be solved. The area marked A denotes the illumination a street, so the lighting of a strip-shaped elongated terrain section. The area labeled B illustrates the illumination of a square and the one labeled C. Area illustrates the lighting of a facade. Basically it is possible by suitable reflective structures or by the use of different Structures in different areas of reflection several lighting tasks, about two or more of the lighting tasks illustrated in FIG. 8, simultaneously to be solved. As well It is possible to illuminate individual terrain areas differently. For example, can with the arrangement of FIG. 8 in connection with a space illumination by a suitable design of the reflector can be achieved that the area around the mast is relatively dark and illuminates an annular portion around this dark area is. In a given lighting task can be the corresponding reflector structures calculated by known methods, such as ray tracing. Another design option For example, in the center of the reflector 54 would be a Fresnel reflector which emulates a convex spherical reflector, in which case it is However, stronger than a ball reflector is possible, light rays that with a small Tilt angle to the mast 50 incident on the reflector 54, at a relatively large angle to reflect on this mast.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic cross section of a luminaire according to the invention, which has a light guide 60, in the light from light sources 62, in particular from the sides Lamps, is coupled. The light guide 60 has a cavity 64, a reflector 66 and optionally side reflectors 68 and can on his the roof reflector 66 opposite side by a translucent cover 70, for example a translucent plate, be completed. The lamps 62 are preferably Einkoppelreflektoren 72 assigned to the lamps facing away from the light conductor 60 on the Surround side and the light incident on them preferably completely in the light guide 60, i. into the cavity 64, to the reflectors 66 or 68, or directly to the cover 70 reflect. The cover 70 may be provided with a refractive light-directing Be provided structure, as described for example in EP 1 065 436 A1 (EP 99 125 646.2) or EP 1 106 916 A2 (EP 00 126 203.9) is described. It can also refractive, light-directing Structures may be provided, as described in EP 0 846 915 A1 for generating a shield No. 5,555,109 and US Pat. No. 5,396,350, respectively for more details regarding the corresponding structures.

In the luminaire shown in FIG. 9, at least one of the reflectors 66 or 68 is in the according to the invention, as described above, designed. In particular, the Roof reflector 66 may be configured so that it substantially the radiation to a specific Angular range, based on a perpendicular to the light exit surface, limited.

Fig. 10 shows schematically an embodiment of a lamp in which a lamp 90 via a reflector assembly 92 is arranged. The reflector assembly 92 includes individual reflectors 94, which each have planar side walls, which in the above-described Are structured so that they the reflection properties of the side walls of a Raster lamella, possibly also the roof wall of a grid lamella, emulate. Between the reflectors 94 are, as in a normal grid, translucent areas, which may be free spaces between the reflectors 94, for example. In Fig. 10 are only to recognize the narrow sides of the reflectors 94, but not the erfindunsgemäße structured Side walls.

The arrangement of FIG. 10 can be supplemented by a further circulating planar reflector which, in accordance with the invention, for example by a Fresnel construction, is structured so that it the reflection properties of the side reflectors of a grid emulated. This reflector surrounds, as in a normal grid, the reflectors 94, which the lamellae, but with the difference that this frame-like reflector on its reflection surfaces, apart from the elevations and depressions which the Form structure on its surface, is even.

In principle, it is possible to use the technology according to the invention and conventional technologies to combine. For example, it would be possible to construct a grid which a frame with conventional curved reflector sections, in which the reflectors 94 according to the invention, which replaced the slats, are held, or vice versa conventional lamellae with a circular reflector according to the invention To combine with flat walls, which fulfills the function of a side reflector.

The invention is not limited to reflectors for secondary illumination systems, but Rather, it also finds application in all areas where faceted reflectors, in particular with facets in dome shape, to be used. In the concrete lighting technology Application therefore does not necessarily have to separate the light source from the reflector but can also be arranged in this.

This is schematically illustrated in FIG. 12. Fig. 12 illustrates a lamp in which a lamp 100 is disposed within a reflector, which consists of three planar reflector sections 102, 104 and 106 is constructed, which are each formed in the manner according to the invention. It would also be conceivable to design only one or two of these reflector sections according to the invention and leave the remaining reflector (s) unstructured. In Fig. 12 is schematically sketched a fluorescent lamp. However, it is also possible a different lamp or to use other reflector geometries.

The features disclosed in the specification, the claims and the drawings Invention can be used individually as well as in any combination for the realization be essential to the invention in its various embodiments.

Claims (29)

Reflector, in particular reflector for secondary illumination systems, which has a plurality of non-overlapping reflection regions (3),
wherein at least a part of the reflection areas (3) has at least one refractive or light-reflecting surface (11) on which a light-guiding reflection area structure of protrusions and / or recesses (13a, 13b, 15a, 15b; 21a, 21b) is formed, one edge 21a, 21b) of the reflection area structure follows in each case a line which extends in two dimensions, such that one elevation or depression completely or partially surrounds the other or at least concave towards it. Reflector according to claim 1, characterized by a transmission body (7) made of a translucent material in the region of one or more of the reflection regions (3) having a light incident side (9) and a light incident side opposite side (11), and by a reflection device, which reflected light in the body in the region of the light incident side opposite side back into the body. Reflector according to claim 2, characterized in that the light incident side opposite side (11) of the transmission body (7) at least in one of said reflection regions (3) has an interface to a light at least partially directed reflective material. Reflector according to claim 2, characterized in that the light incident side opposite side (11) of the transmission body is translucent and on this side a reflective body is provided which reflects the light exiting from this side back into the transmission body (7). Reflector according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the said reflection region structure is formed on the light incident side (9) of the transmission body (7) in at least one reflection region (3) of the reflector. Reflector according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the reflection region structure is formed in at least one reflection region (3) on the side opposite the light incident side (11). Reflector according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the reflection region structure is formed in a light-transmissive surface and acts refractive. Reflector according to claim 6, characterized in that the light incident side opposite side (11) of the transmission body (7) in at least one reflection region having said reflection region structure, is completely reflective. Reflector according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the light incident side (9) of the transmission body (7) in at least one reflection region (3) is smooth. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one or more reflection regions are limited in whole or in part by the edge or an edge of a body having on one surface one or more reflection region structures. Reflector according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that one or more reflection regions are bounded, in whole or in part, by a region of a body which has on one surface one or more reflection-region structures which have no elevations or depressions transverse to the lines the ridges or the soles of elevations or depressions of the associated reflection region structure extends and limits these elevations or depressions with respect to their longitudinal direction. Reflector according to one of Claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the boundary of one or more reflection regions is formed by: the edge or edge of a body having on its surface one or more reflective area structures and / or a portion of a body having on one surface one or more reflective area structures, without elevations or depressions and one or more line-shaped elevations or depressions bounded at each of its two end points by the edge of the body or the area without elevations and depressions with respect to their longitudinal direction. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one or more reflection regions are bounded by the edge of a self-contained elevation or depression. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that an edge of at least two elevations or depressions (13a, 13b, 15a, 15b; 21a, 21b) follows either a closed line or forms a closed line together with the edge of the reflection area in that one elevation or depression completely surrounds the other either alone or together with the edge of the reflection area. A reflector according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that an edge of a plurality of protrusions or depressions (13a, 13b, 15a, 15b; 21a, 21b) of one or more reflection area structures follows a line which corresponds to the projection of a contour line of a three-dimensional imaginary body, the base area of which is identical to the area of the reflection area on whose base area corresponds. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that for at least two elevations or depressions (13a, 13b, 15a, 15b; 21a, 21b) in each case an edge which is not identical to an edge of the other depression, on a partial area an imaginary closed line, wherein one of the two imaginary closed lines completely surrounds the other, and wherein the portion on which the edge of the respective protrusion extends is defined by adjacent intersections with a third imaginary closed line, respectively first and second closed imaginary line intersects. A reflector according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the reflection area structure has a central portion (13c, 15c) delimited on all sides by a projection or recess (13b, 15b), and the reflection area structure outside of this central area completely consists of elevations and depressions (13a, 13b, 15a, 15b), which are separated from each other and each follow a closed line or a line which ends at the ends in the edge of the reflection region and together with the edge of the reflection region a closed line each of these bumps and depressions, alone or along with the edge of the reflective area, encloses the central area and each of these bumps or depressions of all the bumps or pits located outside the area enclosed by it, alone or together with the edge of the reflective area is enclosed on all sides. Reflector according to claim 17, characterized in that the elevations and / or depressions (13a, 13b, 15a, 15b) outside the central region (13c, 15c) are at least partially concentric and / or parallel to one another. Reflector according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the elevations and / or depressions lying outside the central area have at least partially a circular shape. Reflector according to one of Claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the central region (13c, 15c) has a surface concavely or convexly curved towards the outside. Reflector according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that projections and / or recesses (13a, 13b, 15a, 15b) outside of the central region in a cross-section perpendicular to the direction of the line which follows the elevation or depression, formed like a jagged are. Reflector according to one of Claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the said reflection region structure corresponds to the structure of a Fresnel lens. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the height of the elevations of the reflection area structure, based on a parallel to a smooth imaginary or real area, which forms an envelope of the light incident surface in a reflection region, at least predominantly have the same height. Reflector according to one of Claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the reflector (1) is constructed from a plurality of reflection regions (3) which adjoin one another. Reflector according to one of claims 2 to 24, characterized in that at least a part of the reflection areas (3) are each defined by a transmission body having exactly one reflection area structure with at least two unrelated elevations or depressions, one of which the other at least partially surrounds. Reflector according to one of Claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the reflection regions (3) are defined by a plurality of reflection region structures of elevations and depressions being provided on a surface in a light-conducting or non-light-guiding body, which comprise at least two separate elevations or Recesses (13a, 13b, 15a, 15b), one of which surrounds the other at least partially. Secondary illumination system comprising a light source and a reflector spaced from the light source, which reflects the light emitted by the light source into a spatial region to be illuminated, characterized in that the reflector is designed according to one of Claims 1 to 26. Luminaire with a light guide, which has a reflective side wall and / or a reflective Roof wall and a light-emitting surface, wherein the light Furthermore, at least one light source, which light in the light guide in such a way einkoppelt that this is discharged at the light exit surface of the light guide, wherein at least one side reflector and / or roof reflector according to one of the claims 1 to 26 is formed. Luminaire according to claim 28, characterized in that the light source is arranged on a non-parallel to the light exit surface side of the light guide.

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