EP0740361B1 - Flat antenna arrangement - Google Patents

Flat antenna arrangement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0740361B1
EP0740361B1 EP95119434A EP95119434A EP0740361B1 EP 0740361 B1 EP0740361 B1 EP 0740361B1 EP 95119434 A EP95119434 A EP 95119434A EP 95119434 A EP95119434 A EP 95119434A EP 0740361 B1 EP0740361 B1 EP 0740361B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
mobile radio
sheet
gps
lamina
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95119434A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0740361A1 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Berfelde
Chen Shun-Ping
Manfred Burkert
Christian Heuer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1995114556 external-priority patent/DE19514556A1/en
Application filed by Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Priority claimed from DE19546010A external-priority patent/DE19546010A1/en
Publication of EP0740361A1 publication Critical patent/EP0740361A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0740361B1 publication Critical patent/EP0740361B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat antenna arrangement for mobile radio and for satellite-based vehicle navigation (GPS) with the im Preamble of the main claim specified generic features.
  • the antenna combination according to the invention is used as put on, with the body of a motor vehicle connected module or as a module e.g. with holding magnets for releasable attachment. It is made from the GPS antenna for 1.575 GHz and optionally the antennas for mobile radio in the 900 MHz and 1.8 GHz range educated.
  • the outer slot arrangement is for mobile radio in the 900 MHz range and the internal arrangement used for GPS.
  • the solution principle according to US 5 124 714 and DE 94 14 817 has a disadvantage: the concentric arrangement of the Antennas can only be used in the desired space-saving manner realize if you look at the fixed combination of two Frequencies - e.g. of the 900 MHz band only with the 1.575 GHz band or only with the 1.8 GHz band - limited.
  • you can here is an antenna for mobile radio in the 1.8 GHz band and the GPS antenna because of the small differences in the dimensions of the antennas to be paired cannot be combined. That applies for the version with two slot antennas as well as if a stripline antenna for GPS just above a small one Ring slot antenna for 1.8 GHz is mounted. - the Stripline antenna with its ground area would Cover the ring slot antenna and hinder its field formation.
  • the invention has for its object an antenna module for satellite-based vehicle navigation (GPS) and for mobile communications to create a stripline antenna for the GPS band optionally with a flat antenna for radio in the 900 MHz band and or or can be combined with such an antenna for 1.8 GHz can.
  • GPS satellite-based vehicle navigation
  • FIG. 1 shows two views of an antenna combination according to the invention, formed from the GPS antenna and an antenna for mobile radio in the 900 MHz range.
  • the GPS antenna consists of a circuit board 1, as is also used for printed circuits, with the area-wide metallization 2 as the ground plane and the rectangular conductive surface segment (patch) 3 as the radiator area.
  • the feed point 4 is located outside the center of the area because the GPS antenna works with circular polarization.
  • the board 1 has a diameter of 85 mm and the radiator surface has an edge length of 50 mm.
  • the effective edge length of the radiator surface corresponds to 1/2 the operating wavelength ⁇ G of the GPS frequency, and the geometric dimension depends in practice on the shortening factor associated with the relative dielectric constant ⁇ r of the board material.
  • the ground surface 2 of the GPS antenna must in this version of the underlying antenna, e.g. through an air gap of at least 2 mm wide or through a interposed foil made of dielectric material.
  • the cellular antenna includes the sheet metal element 6 and the short-circuit element 7 in the present example, which together with the ground reference surface 8, for example the roof of a metal vehicle body, form a cavity resonator for the intended operating frequency, on the open sides of which field formation to the outside occurs with all-round radiation in the far field .
  • the sheet metal element 6 is designed as a circular section with an opening angle of 90 ° and a radius of 90 mm.
  • the edge dimension results from 1/4 of the mean operating wavelength ⁇ M of the radio frequency range.
  • the dimension A between the sheet metal element 6 and the ground reference surface 8 should be at least 0.04 ⁇ M in order to ensure sufficient values of the efficiency and the bandwidth.
  • the short-circuit element 7 is not directly with the sheet 8 of the body or an adequate one Ground surface connected. Serves as an intermediate and connecting link the thin metal base plate 9 of the antenna housing, on the also the means for mechanically holding the housing on the Substructure can be provided.
  • the means for mechanically holding the housing on the Substructure can be provided.
  • the distance between the base plate and the Body sheet is chosen to be as small as possible (less than 1 mm), because a good capacitive coupling between the two ground potentials must be guaranteed. You can do this in antenna modules according to the invention, for the detachable Fastening on the car roof can be designed, support, by arching the underside of the base plate 9 slightly concave and so that the body curvature is adapted approximately.
  • antenna modules according to the invention which like the usual Roof antennas - e.g. Short rod antennas - over a hole in the Roof sheet to be fastened by screwing on, is used in the usual Established a galvanic ground connection. Through the The RF cables are then opened in the roof panel Antennas led into the vehicle interior.
  • the outer conductors of the two coaxial cables 12 and 13 are each connected at the end of the exposed inner conductor section, at points 14 and 15, to the ground potential 2 and 8 and 9 effective for the respective antenna. At a distance of 1/4 ⁇ M , measured from the contact points 14, 15, they are again grounded at point 16.
  • the influence of the relatively large ground area 2 of the GPS antenna on the field formation of the mobile radio antenna is neutralized to a certain extent: the circuit board 1 with the conductive surface 2 and the sheet metal element 6 are - so mainly for reasons of space - placed so close together that normally an exchange and thus the outflow of signal energy in a capacitive way between the ground surface 2 and the sheet metal element cannot be avoided.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement that is surprising and represents advantageous continuation of the combination idea and above all to a simplified construction of the stripline GPS antenna leads.
  • the relatively large area on both sides metallized board 1, as in the execution after FIG. 1 is used, replaced by a small disk la, which is only provided with the metallization 3 as the radiator surface.
  • the additional dielectric 5 or the free distance between the board and the sheet metal element 6 are completely eliminated.
  • the ground area for the stripline GPS antenna is at this embodiment uses the sheet metal element 6a of the radio antenna, that fulfills an additional function.
  • the sheet metal element 6a is circular, and the board la with the radiator surface the GPS antenna is centered on it.
  • the short-circuit element 7a is within the circumscribed circle of the sheet metal element 6a arranged in a lateral position.
  • the short-circuit element 7a can - like the element 7 in Embodiment 1 - also from one or more pins or similar bodies are formed.
  • a second ground contact 16 at a distance of 1/4 ⁇ M from the feed point 4 is required only for the feed line cable 12 of the GPS antenna.
  • the dimensions of the individual components of the arrangement also correspond here to the characteristic proportions of the two antenna types which are oriented to the operating wavelength of the respective frequency range.
  • the effective edge length of the surface segment 3 is ⁇ G / 2 for the GPS frequency.
  • the circuit board material is to be selected such that the dimension d of the diagonal is smaller than the diameter D of the sheet metal element 6 a.
  • FIG. 3 are - in addition to the embodiment of Figure 1 - Variants for positioning two mobile radio antennas in Combination with the GPS antenna shown.
  • the components on the base plate are made with the one dielectric material existing hood 17 covered and closed moisture-proof.
  • a cheap variant would be also, the entire assembly of molded parts from a curing Form foam, the outer contours of those of the hood 17th correspond.
  • the foam would also be the antenna parts fix in their position permanently.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show radiation characteristics that with the combination of a GPS antenna with a cellular antenna for the 900 MHz band. The pictures speak for yourself. The measurements showed that the radiation diagrams, the one with the two antennas in a separate arrangement be obtained with which the combined arrangement of Antennas are identical, and above all none Differences in level can be determined.
  • the performance of the antenna combination according to the invention is completely identical to one in the field of mobile communications conventional ⁇ / 4 long rod antenna.
  • the result is +3 dBic - this is a stripline antenna this kind of common and satisfactory value.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachantennen-Anordnung für Mobilfunk und für satellitengestützte Fahrzeug-Navigation (GPS) mit den im Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs angegebenen Gattungsmerkmalen. Die erfindungsgemäße Antennenkombination findet Anwendung als aufgesetztes, mit der Karosserie eines Kraftfahrzeugs fest verbundenes Modul oder als Modul z.B. mit Haftmagneten zur lösbaren Befestigung. Sie wird aus der GPS-Antenne für 1,575 GHz und wahlweise den Antennen für Mobilfunk im 900-MHz- und im 1,8-GHz-Bereich gebildet.The invention relates to a flat antenna arrangement for mobile radio and for satellite-based vehicle navigation (GPS) with the im Preamble of the main claim specified generic features. The antenna combination according to the invention is used as put on, with the body of a motor vehicle connected module or as a module e.g. with holding magnets for releasable attachment. It is made from the GPS antenna for 1.575 GHz and optionally the antennas for mobile radio in the 900 MHz and 1.8 GHz range educated.

Antennenkombinationen, die aus flächigen Strahleranordnungen für unterschiedliche Frequenzbänder bestehen, sind bekannt. Als charakteristische Vertreter des Stands der Technik sind die im US-Patent Nr. 5 124 714 und im DE-Gebrauchsmuster Nr. 94 14 817 sowie die im US-Patent Nr. 5 323 168 beschriebenen Doppelantennen für Kraftfahrzeuge zu nennen. Um eine flache, nicht oder nicht wesentlich über die Fahrzeugkonturen hinausragende Kombination zweier Antennen zu erhalten, wird in den beiden ersten Fällen für das niedrigere Frequenzband eine Schlitzantenne mit umlaufendem Schlitz gewählt, die in das Blech der Fahrzeugkarosserie (Dach oder z.B. Kofferraumhaube) integriert ist. In die Innenfläche der Schlitzanordnung wird bei der Variante nach US 5 124 714 zentrisch ein weiteres Schlitzgebilde - als Ringschlitz für das höhere Frequenzband - eingefügt, und bei der Variante nach G 94 14 817 wird dort, ebenfalls im Zentrum, eine Streifenleiter-Antenne (patch antenna) aufgesetzt. Die äußere Schlitzanordnung wird für den Mobilfunk im 900- MHz-Bereich und die innere Anordnung für GPS genutzt.Antenna combinations that consist of flat radiator arrangements exist for different frequency bands are known. As characteristic representatives of the prior art those in U.S. Patent No. 5,124,714 and DE Utility Model No. 94 14 817 and those described in U.S. Patent No. 5,323,168 To name dual antennas for motor vehicles. To a flat, not or not significantly about the vehicle contours Obtaining an outstanding combination of two antennas is described in the first two cases for the lower frequency band Slot antenna with circumferential slot chosen in the sheet the vehicle body (roof or e.g. trunk hood) is integrated. In the inner surface of the slot assembly another centrally in the variant according to US Pat. No. 5,124,714 Slot structures - as a ring slot for the higher frequency band - inserted, and in the variant according to G 94 14 817, also in the center, a stripline antenna (patch antenna) put on. The outer slot arrangement is for mobile radio in the 900 MHz range and the internal arrangement used for GPS.

Bei US-Patent Nr. 5 323 168 ist quasi schichtweise auf eine Antenne für 1,227 GHz eine zweite für die GPS-Frequenz aufgesetzt. Mit dieser Kombination dreier durch Zwischenlagen aus dielektrischem Material getrennter leitender Flächen, deren untere und oberere mit Masse verbunden sind (first and second ground plane) und deren mittlere mit den beiden Speiseanschlüssen versehen ist, erhält man für beide Betriebsfrequenzen ausgeprägte Richtcharakteristika mit nach oben gerichteter Keule im vertikalen Strahlungsdiagramm. Darüber hinaus sind beide Strahleranordnungen gleichermaßen sehr schmalbandig.
Eine rundstrahlende Funkantenne in Kombination mit der vertikal strahlenden GPS-Antenne läßt sich mit diesem Prinzip nicht verwirklichen.In US Pat. No. 5,323,168, a second one for the GPS frequency is placed in layers on an antenna for 1.227 GHz. With this combination of three conductive surfaces separated by intermediate layers of dielectric material, the lower and upper ones of which are connected to ground (first and second ground plane) and whose middle one is provided with the two supply connections, one obtains pronounced directional characteristics for both operating frequencies with the lobe facing upwards in the vertical radiation diagram. In addition, both radiator arrangements are equally very narrow-band.
An omnidirectional radio antenna in combination with the vertically radiating GPS antenna cannot be realized with this principle.

Es besteht kein Zweifel daran, daß sich mit den hier geschilderten Anordnungen des Stands der Technik für die jeweils angegebenen zwei Betriebssysteme und die damit verbundenen Anforderungen durchaus befriedigende Empfangseigenschaften (und Sendeleistungen) und auch Impedanzanpassung erzielen lassen. Zumindest bei der Doppelschlitzanordnung erscheint es auch möglich, sie so in die Karosseriefläche eines Fahrzeugs zu integrieren, daß sie im Endergebnis für den Betrachter unsichtbar ist.There is no doubt that dealing with these described arrangements of the prior art for each specified two operating systems and related Requirements satisfactory reception properties (and Transmission power) and impedance matching. At least with the double slot arrangement, it also appears possible to get them into the body surface of a vehicle integrate that they are invisible to the viewer in the end result is.

Dabei haben vor allem die Lösungsprinzipe nach US 5 124 714 und DE 94 14 817 einen Nachteil: Die konzentrische Anordnung der Antennen läßt sich in der gewünschten raumsparenden Weise nur realisieren, wenn man sich auf die feste Kombination zweier Frequenzen - z.B. des 900-MHz-Bands nur mit dem 1,575-GHz-Band oder nur mit dem 1,8-GHz-Band - beschränkt. Darüber hinaus können hier eine Antenne für Mobilfunk im 1,8-GHz-Band und die GPS-Antenne wegen der zu geringen Unterschiede in den Abmessungen der jeweils zu paarenden Antennen nicht kombiniert werden. Das gilt für die Ausführung mit zwei Schlitzantennen ebenso, wie wenn eine Streifenleiter-Antenne für GPS dicht über einer kleinen Ringschlitz-Antenne für 1,8 GHz montiert wird. - die Streifenleiter-Antenne würde mit ihrer Massefläche die Ringschlitz-Antenne überdecken und deren Feldbildung behindern. Above all, the solution principle according to US 5 124 714 and DE 94 14 817 has a disadvantage: the concentric arrangement of the Antennas can only be used in the desired space-saving manner realize if you look at the fixed combination of two Frequencies - e.g. of the 900 MHz band only with the 1.575 GHz band or only with the 1.8 GHz band - limited. In addition, you can here is an antenna for mobile radio in the 1.8 GHz band and the GPS antenna because of the small differences in the dimensions of the antennas to be paired cannot be combined. That applies for the version with two slot antennas as well as if a stripline antenna for GPS just above a small one Ring slot antenna for 1.8 GHz is mounted. - the Stripline antenna with its ground area would Cover the ring slot antenna and hinder its field formation.

Weitere Probleme folgen u.E. daraus, daß ein Schlitz im Karosserieblech nicht jedermanns Sache ist, und daß für die zugehörige Unterkonstruktion auch Platz benötigt wird, der z.B. unter dem Autodach nur begrenzt zur Verfügung steht. Nicht zuletzt bestehen bei den Konstruktionen des Stands der Technik u.E. auch technologische, Stabilitäts- und Dichtungsprobleme, die die Einsatzchancen beeinträchtigen können.Other problems follow. from the fact that a slot in the Body panel is not for everyone, and that for that associated substructure, space is also required, e.g. available under the car roof is limited. Not lastly exist in the constructions of the prior art U.E. also technological, stability and sealing problems, that can affect the chances of use.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Antennenmodul für satellitengestützte Fahrzeug-Navigation (GPS) und für Mobilfunk zu schaffen, bei dem eine Streifenleiter-Antenne für das GPS-Band wahlweise mit einer Flachantenne für den Funk im 900-MHz-Band und bzw. oder mit einer solchen Antenne für 1,8 GHz kombiniert werden kann.The invention has for its object an antenna module for satellite-based vehicle navigation (GPS) and for mobile communications to create a stripline antenna for the GPS band optionally with a flat antenna for radio in the 900 MHz band and or or can be combined with such an antenna for 1.8 GHz can.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäR mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Hauptanspruchs angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Die Unteransprüche enthalten bevorzugte Ausführungsvarianten und Detaillösungen.This object is achieved according to the invention with the characteristic Part of the main claim specified features solved. The sub-claims contain preferred design variants and detailed solutions.

Die Vorteile der Erfindung bestehen - wie bezweckt - im wesentlichen darin,

  • daß die GPS-Antenne auch mit einer Antenne des 1,8-GHz-Bands kombiniert werden kann und daß dabei für beide Antennen gute Strahlungsleistungen gewährleistet sind,
  • daß Kombinationen der GPS-Antenne wahlweise mit einer beliebigen und auch mit beiden Mobilfunk-Antennen gleichzeitig möglich sind und
  • daß dabei das Flachantennen-Prinzip und eine kompakte, flache Bauweise der Gesamtanordnung beibehalten wird.
Dabei ist der konstruktive Aufbau der Gesamtanordnung und der einzelnen Komponenten denkbar einfach, und es bieten sich vielfältige Ansatzpunkte für kostengünstige technische und technologische Detaillösungen. As intended, the advantages of the invention essentially consist in
  • that the GPS antenna can also be combined with an antenna of the 1.8 GHz band and that good radiation performance is guaranteed for both antennas,
  • that combinations of the GPS antenna are optionally possible with any and also with both mobile radio antennas and
  • that the flat antenna principle and a compact, flat design of the overall arrangement is maintained.
The constructive structure of the overall arrangement and the individual components is very simple, and there are various starting points for cost-effective technical and technological detailed solutions.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an Hand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In der zugehörigen Zeichnung zeigen

Figur 1.
Kombination der GPS-Antenne mit einer Mobilfunk-antenne
  • a) Seitenansicht und -schnitt in Sprengdarstellung
  • b) Draufsicht, ohne Haube
    •
    Figur 2.
    Antennenkombination mit vereinfachtem Aufbau
  • a) Seitenansicht
  • b) Draufsicht
    •
    Figur 3.
    Varianten der Anordnung zweier Mobilfunkantennen in Kombination mit der GPS-Antenne
    Figur 4.
    Strahlungscharakteristik der GPS-Antenne bei 1,570 GHz im Vertikaldiagramm
    Figur 5.
    Strahlungscharakteristik einer Mobilfunkantenne bei 925 MHz im Vertikaldiagramm
    Figur 6.
    Strahlungscharakteristik der Mobilfunkantenne bei 925 MHz im Horizontaldiagramm
    The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. Show in the accompanying drawing
    Figure 1
    Combination of the GPS antenna with a cellular antenna
  • a) Side view and section in exploded view
  • b) top view, without hood
    • Figure 2.
    Antenna combination with a simplified structure
  • a) Side view
  • b) top view
    • Figure 3.
    Variants of the arrangement of two mobile radio antennas in combination with the GPS antenna
    Figure 4.
    Radiation characteristics of the GPS antenna at 1.570 GHz in the vertical diagram
    Figure 5.
    Radiation characteristics of a mobile radio antenna at 925 MHz in a vertical diagram
    Figure 6.
    Radiation characteristics of the mobile radio antenna at 925 MHz in the horizontal diagram

    Figur 1 zeigt zwei Ansichten einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenkombination, gebildet aus der GPS-Antenne und einer Antenne für Mobilfunk im 900-MHz-Bereich.
    Die GPS-Antenne besteht aus einer Platine 1, wie sie auch für gedruckte Schaltungen verwendet wird, mit der flächengroßen Metallisierung 2 als Massefläche (ground plane) und dem rechteckigen leitenden Flächensegment (patch) 3 als Strahlerfläche. Der Speisepunkt 4 ist außerhalb des Flächen-Mittelpunkts angeordnet, weil die GPS-Antenne mit zirkularer Polarisation arbeitet.
    Die Platine 1 hat einen Durchmesser von 85 mm und die Strahlerfläche eine Kantenlänge von 50 mm. Die wirksame Kantenlänge der Strahlerfläche entspricht 1/2 der Betriebswellenlänge λG der GPS-Frequenz, und das geometrische Maß hängt in der praktischen Realisierung von dem mit der relativen Dielektrizitätskonstante εr des Platinenmaterials verbundenen Verkürzungsfaktor ab. Die Kantenlänge von 50 mm ergibt sich bei einem εr = 4.     FIG. 1 shows two views of an antenna combination according to the invention, formed from the GPS antenna and an antenna for mobile radio in the 900 MHz range.
    The GPS antenna consists of a circuit board 1, as is also used for printed circuits, with the area-wide metallization 2 as the ground plane and the rectangular conductive surface segment (patch) 3 as the radiator area. The feed point 4 is located outside the center of the area because the GPS antenna works with circular polarization.
    The board 1 has a diameter of 85 mm and the radiator surface has an edge length of 50 mm. The effective edge length of the radiator surface corresponds to 1/2 the operating wavelength λ G of the GPS frequency, and the geometric dimension depends in practice on the shortening factor associated with the relative dielectric constant ε r of the board material. The edge length of 50 mm results at ε r = 4.

    Die Massefläche 2 der GPS-Antenne muß bei dieser Ausführung von der darunterliegenden Antenne galvanisch getrennt sein, z.B. durch einen Luftspalt von mindestens 2 mm Breite oder durch eine zwischengefügte Folie aus dielektrischem Material.The ground surface 2 of the GPS antenna must in this version of the underlying antenna, e.g. through an air gap of at least 2 mm wide or through a interposed foil made of dielectric material.

    Zur Mobilfunkantenne gehören das Blechelement 6 und das bei dem vorliegenden Beispiel stegartige Kurzschlußelement 7, die zusammen mit der Massebezugsfläche 8, z.B. dem Dach einer metallenen Fahrzeugkarosserie, einen Hohlraumresonator für die vorgesehene Betriebsfrequenz bilden, an dessen offenen Seiten Feldbildung nach außen mit Rundumstrahlung im Fernfeld auftritt. Das Blechelement 6 ist als Kreisausschnitt mit einem Öffnungswinkel von 90° und einem Radius von 90 mm ausgebildet. Das Kantenmaß ergibt sich aus 1/4 der mittleren Betriebswellenlänge λM des Funk-Frequenzbereichs. Das Maß A zwischen dem Blechelement 6 und der Massebezugsfläche 8 sollte mindestens 0.04 λM betragen, um ausreichende Werte des Wirkungsgrads und der Bandbreite zu gewährleisten.The cellular antenna includes the sheet metal element 6 and the short-circuit element 7 in the present example, which together with the ground reference surface 8, for example the roof of a metal vehicle body, form a cavity resonator for the intended operating frequency, on the open sides of which field formation to the outside occurs with all-round radiation in the far field . The sheet metal element 6 is designed as a circular section with an opening angle of 90 ° and a radius of 90 mm. The edge dimension results from 1/4 of the mean operating wavelength λ M of the radio frequency range. The dimension A between the sheet metal element 6 and the ground reference surface 8 should be at least 0.04 λ M in order to ensure sufficient values of the efficiency and the bandwidth.

    Bei der praktischen Ausführung ist das Kurzschlußelement 7 nicht unmittelbar mit dem Blech 8 der Karosserie oder einer adäquaten Massefläche verbunden. Als Zwischen- und Verbindungsglied dient die dünne metallene Bodenplatte 9 des Antennengehäuses, an der auch die Mittel zur mechanischen Halterung des Gehäuses auf der Unterkonstruktion vorgesehen werden. Bei dem Beispiel nach Figur 1 würden dies z.B. Haftmagnete sein, die aus der Unterseite der Bodenplatte herausragen und beweglich gelagert sind. Dabei ist wesentlich, daß der Abstand zwischen der Bodenplatte und dem Karosserieblech möglichst klein (kleiner 1 mm ) gewählt wird, weil eine gute kapazitive Kopplung zwischen den beiden Massepotentialen gewährleistet sein muß. Diesen Effekt kann man bei erfindungsgemäßen Antennenmodulen, die für die lösbare Befestigung auf dem Pkw-Dach konzipiert werden, unterstützen, indem die Unterseite der Bodenplatte 9 leicht konkav gewölbt und damit annähernd der Karosseriewölbung angepaßt wird. In the practical implementation, the short-circuit element 7 is not directly with the sheet 8 of the body or an adequate one Ground surface connected. Serves as an intermediate and connecting link the thin metal base plate 9 of the antenna housing, on the also the means for mechanically holding the housing on the Substructure can be provided. In the example according to figure 1 would e.g. Magnets that stick out of the bottom of the Protrude base plate and are movably mounted. It is essential that the distance between the base plate and the Body sheet is chosen to be as small as possible (less than 1 mm), because a good capacitive coupling between the two ground potentials must be guaranteed. You can do this in antenna modules according to the invention, for the detachable Fastening on the car roof can be designed, support, by arching the underside of the base plate 9 slightly concave and so that the body curvature is adapted approximately.

    Bei Antennenmodulen gemäß der Erfindung, die wie die üblichen Dachantennen - z.B. Kurzstabantennen - über einer Bohrung im Dachblech durch Anschrauben befestigt werden, wird in gewohnter Weise eine galvanische Masseverbindung hergestellt. Durch die Öffnung im Dachblech werden dann auch die HF-Leitungen von den Antennen in das Fahrzeuginnere geführt.In antenna modules according to the invention, which like the usual Roof antennas - e.g. Short rod antennas - over a hole in the Roof sheet to be fastened by screwing on, is used in the usual Established a galvanic ground connection. Through the The RF cables are then opened in the roof panel Antennas led into the vehicle interior.

    Zum Wirkmechanismus der für die Erfindung ausgewählten Mobilfunk-antenne gehört, daß der Innenleiter 10 des Anschlußkabels 13 innerhalb des Raums unter dem Blechelement 6 vor der Verbindung mit dem Speisepunkt 11 für ein Stück freigelegt ist.On the mechanism of action of the mobile radio antenna selected for the invention heard that the inner conductor 10 of the connecting cable 13th within the space under the sheet metal element 6 before the connection with the feed point 11 is exposed for one piece.

    Die Außenleiter der beiden Koaxialkabel 12 und 13 sind jeweils am Ende des freigelegten Innenleiterabschnitts, im Punkt 14 bzw. 15, mit dem für die jeweilige Antenne wirksamen Massepotential 2 bzw. 8 und 9 verbunden. In einem Abstand von 1/4 λM, gemessen von den Kontaktpunkten 14, 15, sind sie - im Punkt 16 - nochmals an Masse gelegt. Durch diese Anordnung wird der Einfluß der verhältnismäßig großen Massefläche 2 der GPS-Antenne auf die Feldbildung der Mobilfunkantenne gewissermaßen neutralisiert: Die Platine 1 mit der leitenden Fläche 2 und das Blechelement 6 werden - vor allem aus Platzgründen - so dicht übereinandergelegt, daß normalerweise ein Austausch und damit Abfluß von Signalenergie auf kapazitivem Wege zwischen der Massefläche 2 und dem Blechelement nicht vermeidbar ist. In den λM/4 langen Außenleiterabschnitten der Koaxialkabel zwischen den Kontaktpunkten 4 und 16 sowie 11 und 16 entsteht gemäß den Regeln der Leitungstheorie für Leitungen mit Kurzschluß eine stehende Welle mit Ausbildung eines Spannungsmaximums und mit einem Stromfluß gleich Null im Punkt 14 bzw. 15, da die Knoten von Strom und Spannung um λM/4 gegeneinander versetzt sind. So kann die HF-Leistunq, die vom Blechelement 6 bei Mobilfunkbetrieb in die Massefläche 2 eingekoppelt wird, nicht über den Außenleiter des Kabels 12 der GPS-Antenne abfließen. The outer conductors of the two coaxial cables 12 and 13 are each connected at the end of the exposed inner conductor section, at points 14 and 15, to the ground potential 2 and 8 and 9 effective for the respective antenna. At a distance of 1/4 λ M , measured from the contact points 14, 15, they are again grounded at point 16. With this arrangement, the influence of the relatively large ground area 2 of the GPS antenna on the field formation of the mobile radio antenna is neutralized to a certain extent: the circuit board 1 with the conductive surface 2 and the sheet metal element 6 are - so mainly for reasons of space - placed so close together that normally an exchange and thus the outflow of signal energy in a capacitive way between the ground surface 2 and the sheet metal element cannot be avoided. In the λ M / 4 long outer conductor sections of the coaxial cables between the contact points 4 and 16 and 11 and 16, a standing wave with formation of a voltage maximum and with a current flow of zero at points 14 and 15 is created according to the rules of line theory for lines with a short circuit. since the nodes of current and voltage are offset from each other by λ M / 4. Thus, the HF power which is coupled into the ground plane 2 by the sheet metal element 6 during mobile radio operation cannot flow out via the outer conductor of the cable 12 of the GPS antenna.

    Figur 2 zeigt eine Anordnung, die eine überraschende und vorteilhafte Weiterführung des Kombinationsgedankens darstellt und vor allem zu einem vereinfachten Aufbau der Streifenleiter-GPS-Antenne führt. Dabei wird die relativ großflächige, beidseitig metallisierte Platine 1, wie sie bei der Ausführung nach Figur 1 Verwendung findet, durch eine kleine Scheibe la ersetzt, die nur mit der Metallisierung 3 als Strahlerfläche versehen ist. Das zusätzliche Dielektrikum 5 oder der freie Abstand zwischen der Platine und dem Blechelement 6 entfällt gänzlich. Als Massefläche für die Streifenleiter-GPS-Antenne wird bei dieser Ausführung das Blechelement 6a der Funkantenne genutzt, das damit eine zusätzliche Funktion erfüllt. Das Blechelement 6a ist kreisförmig ausgebildet, und die Platine la mit der Strahlerfläche der GPS-Antenne ist darauf zentrisch angeordnet. Das Kurzschlußelement 7a ist innerhalb des umschriebenen Kreises des Blechelements 6a in seitlicher Position angeordnet. Das Kurzschlußelement 7a kann - wie auch das Element 7 im Ausführungsbeispiel 1 - auch aus einem oder mehreren Stiften oder ähnlichen Körpern gebildet werden.Figure 2 shows an arrangement that is surprising and represents advantageous continuation of the combination idea and above all to a simplified construction of the stripline GPS antenna leads. The relatively large area on both sides metallized board 1, as in the execution after FIG. 1 is used, replaced by a small disk la, which is only provided with the metallization 3 as the radiator surface. The additional dielectric 5 or the free distance between the board and the sheet metal element 6 are completely eliminated. The ground area for the stripline GPS antenna is at this embodiment uses the sheet metal element 6a of the radio antenna, that fulfills an additional function. The sheet metal element 6a is circular, and the board la with the radiator surface the GPS antenna is centered on it. The short-circuit element 7a is within the circumscribed circle of the sheet metal element 6a arranged in a lateral position. The short-circuit element 7a can - like the element 7 in Embodiment 1 - also from one or more pins or similar bodies are formed.

    Bei dem in Figur 2 gezeigten Aufbau ist nur für das Speiseleitungskabel 12 der GPS-Antenne eine zweite Massekontaktierung 16 im Abstand von 1/4 λM zum Speisepunkt 4 erforderlich. Die Abmessungen der einzelnen Komponenten der Anordnung entsprechen auch hier den charakteristischen, an der Betriebswellenlänge des jeweiligen Frequenzbereichs orientierten Maßverhältnissen der beiden Antennentypen.
    So ist der Durchmesser D = λM/4 und der Abstand A = 0,04 λM Die wirksame Kantenlänge des Flächensegments 3 beträgt λG/2 für die GPS-Frequenz. Für die geometrischen Abmessungen des Flächensegments 3 und damit der Platine la gilt, daß das Platinenmaterial so zu wählen ist, daß das Maß d der Diagonale kleiner als der Durchmesser D des Blechelements 6a ist.     In the construction shown in FIG. 2, a second ground contact 16 at a distance of 1/4 λ M from the feed point 4 is required only for the feed line cable 12 of the GPS antenna. The dimensions of the individual components of the arrangement also correspond here to the characteristic proportions of the two antenna types which are oriented to the operating wavelength of the respective frequency range.
    The diameter D = λ M / 4 and the distance A = 0.04 λ M. The effective edge length of the surface segment 3 is λ G / 2 for the GPS frequency. For the geometrical dimensions of the surface segment 3 and thus of the circuit board 1 a, the circuit board material is to be selected such that the dimension d of the diagonal is smaller than the diameter D of the sheet metal element 6 a.

    Bei dem Beispiel nach Figur 2 mit einer 900-MHz-Funkantenne und einer Platine la mit einem εr = 15 sind

    • D = 80 mm
    • A = 15 mm
    • K = 25 mm
    In the example according to FIG. 2 with a 900 MHz radio antenna and a circuit board la with an ε r = 15
    • D = 80 mm
    • A = 15 mm
    • K = 25 mm

    Durch die Reduzierung der Platinengröße auf die Abmessungen der Strahlerfläche 3 und die nur noch einseitige Metallisierung sowie durch den Verzicht auf das Dielektrikum 5 können bei dieser Ausführung weiter Material-, Fertigungs- und Montagekosten eingespart und die Bauhöhe insgesamt verringert werden.By reducing the board size to the dimensions of the Radiator surface 3 and the only one-sided metallization as well by dispensing with the dielectric 5, this can Execution of further material, manufacturing and assembly costs saved and the overall height can be reduced.

    In Figur 3 sind - in Ergänzung zu der Ausführung nach Figur 1 - Varianten für die Positionierung von zwei Mobilfunkantennen in Kombination mit der GPS-Antenne gezeigt. Die Blechelemente 6 und 6' sind bei dem Beispiel nach Figur 3a nebeneinander und im Falle 3b quasi übereinander angeordnet. In beiden Fällen kann die GPS-Antenne auf das Blechelement 6 der Antenne für die niedrigere Funkfrequenz - mit einem dazwischenliegenden Dielektrikum-aufgesetzt werdenIn Figure 3 are - in addition to the embodiment of Figure 1 - Variants for positioning two mobile radio antennas in Combination with the GPS antenna shown. The sheet metal elements 6 and In the example according to FIG. 3a, 6 'are next to one another and in the case 3b arranged one above the other. In both cases, the GPS antenna on the sheet metal element 6 of the antenna for the lower one Radio frequency - with a dielectric in between will

    Die Bauteile auf der Bodenplatte werden mit der aus einem dielektrischen Material bestehenden Haube 17 bedeckt und feuchtigkeitsdicht abgeschlossen. Eine günstige Variante wäre auch, die gesamte Anordnung aus Formteilen aus einem aushärtenden Schaumstoff auszubilden, deren Außenkonturen denen der Haube 17 entsprechen. Der Schaumstoff würde gleichzeitig die Antennenteile in ihrer Lage dauerhaft fixieren.The components on the base plate are made with the one dielectric material existing hood 17 covered and closed moisture-proof. A cheap variant would be also, the entire assembly of molded parts from a curing Form foam, the outer contours of those of the hood 17th correspond. The foam would also be the antenna parts fix in their position permanently.

    In Figur 4 bis 6 sind Strahlungscharakteristika dargestellt, die mit der Kombination einer GPS-Antenne mit einer Mobilfunkantenne für das 900-MHz-Band gewonnen wurden. Die Bilder sprechen für sich. Bei den Messungen hat sich gezeigt, daß die Strahlungsdiagramme, die mit den beiden Antennen in separater Anordnung gewonnen werden, mit denen bei kombinierter Anordnung der Antennen identisch sind, und daß vor allem auch keine Pegelunterschiede feststellbar sind.FIGS. 4 to 6 show radiation characteristics that with the combination of a GPS antenna with a cellular antenna for the 900 MHz band. The pictures speak for yourself. The measurements showed that the radiation diagrams, the one with the two antennas in a separate arrangement be obtained with which the combined arrangement of Antennas are identical, and above all none Differences in level can be determined.

    Die Leistungsfähigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Antennenkombination ist im Mobilfunkbereich vollkommen identisch mit der einer herkömmlichen, λ/4 langen Stabantenne. Für den GPS-Bereich ergeben sich +3 dBic - das ist ein bei Streifenleiter-Antennen dieser Art üblicher und zufriedenstellender Wert.The performance of the antenna combination according to the invention is completely identical to one in the field of mobile communications conventional λ / 4 long rod antenna. For the GPS area the result is +3 dBic - this is a stripline antenna this kind of common and satisfactory value.

    Claims (8)

    1. Flat antenna arrangement for frequencies in the Ghz range, preferably consisting of an antenna for satellite-based vehicle navigation (GPS) and at least one antenna for mobile radio, which are arranged in a common housing on a conductive surface of larger extent, in particular on a vehicle body, wherein
      the GPS antenna is preferably formed as a strip conductor antenna with transverse radiation, consisting of a plate of a dielectric material with partial metallisation,
      the mobile radio antenna has all-round characteristics in the horizontal radiation diagram and the conductive surface of larger extent for this antenna represents the ground datum plane,
      the GPS antenna is arranged above the mobile radio antenna and
      coaxial cables are used as feed lines for both antennae, characterised in that
      the mobile radio antenna consists of a sheet-metal element (6, 6', 6a) which is arranged at a distance (A, A') of 0.04 times the average operating wavelength of the radio frequency in plane parallel relationship to the ground datum plane (8) and which is in galvanic connection with or in capacitive high frequency coupling with the ground datum plane (8) in the region of a side edge of the element or in a lateral position thereof by means of at least one short-circuiting element (7, 7a) and by means of possible further connecting links, - the GPS antenna (1, 1a, 2, 3) is arranged to lie above said at least one antenna for mobile radio,
      the inner conductor (10) of the coaxial cable (13, 13a) serving as feed line for the mobile radio antenna is exposed for a section in the space below the sheet-metal element (6, 6', 6a) as far as the ground datum plane (8) or as far as a base plate (9), and
      the outer conductors of the two coaxial cables (12, 13, 13a) are respectively connected to the ground plane (8, 2, 6a) which is effective for the respective antennae at a first contact point (14, 15), from which the inner conductor is exposed up to the respective feed point (4, 11) of each antenna, and preferably also are grounded at a second contact point (16), at a distance from the first contact points (14, 15) of ¼ of the average operating wavelength λM of the mobile radio antenna.
    2. Flat antenna arrangement according to claim 1, characterised by a GPS antenna which consists of a lamina (1) metallised on both sides, wherein
      the one side of the lamina, as ground surface (2), is metallised overall and the other side, in the radiating direction, is provided with a partial metallisation in the form of a patch which forms the radiating surface (3),
      the high-frequency acting edge length of the patch (3) is approximately ½ the average operating wavelength λG of the GPS frequency,
      the lamina is so arranged that it has its ground plane (2) at least partially overlapping in area the antenna or the two antennae for mobile radio,
      the lamina is connected at a distance of at least 2mm or by the intermediary of dielectric material (5) with the sheet-metal element (6 or 6') of a mobile radio antenna or, if two mobile radio antennae are provided, with the higher projecting sheet-metal element (6) of the radio antennae for the lower frequency range, and
      the sheet-metal elements (6, 6') preferably have the shape of a sector of a circle with an aperture angle of preferably 90° and a radial edge length of ¼ of the average operating wavelength λM of the respective radio frequencies.
    3. Flat antenna arrangement according to claim 1, characterised by a GPS antenna with a lamina (1a) metallised on one side, wherein
      the radiating surface (3) is coated with metallisation,
      the lamina (1a) has the boundary contours and dimensions of the radiating surface (3),
      the lamina (1a) rests centrally and without a gap directly on the sheet-metal element (6a) of the mobile radio antenna and the sheet-metal element (6a) simultaneously acts as ground plane for the GPS antenna,
      the sheet-metal element (6a) is preferably circular, with a diameter (D) of approximately ¼ λM for the associated mobile radio frequency range, and
      the relative dielectric constant εr of the material of the lamina (1a) is chosen so that the geometrical size (d) of the diagonal of the lamina is preferably smaller than the diameter (D) of the sheet-metal element (6a).
    4. Flat antenna arrangement according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that, with a combination of the GPS antenna with two mobile radio antennae, the sheet-metal elements (6, 6') are preferably so positioned that their side edges with the short-circuiting elements (7, 7') are facing one another.
    5. Flat antenna arrangement according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the mechanical and high-frequency connections of the antennae are arranged as plug connections and permit, in the manufacture, a selective combination of the GPS antenna with one or with both mobile radio antennae on a universal base plate (9).
    6. Flat antenna arrangement according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the base plate (9) is formed as a complex injection moulded component with, at choice, one or two mobile radio antennae.
    7. Flat antenna arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the base plate (9) is preferably slightly concave on its side which faces the vehicle bodywork, and that retaining elements for its releasable fastening are so arranged that the spacing between the base plate (9) and the bodywork sheet metal (8) is minimal.
    8. Flat antenna arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the short-circuiting element or elements (7, 7a) are formed as a web or as metal pins or similar bodies of conductive material.
    EP95119434A 1995-04-20 1995-12-09 Flat antenna arrangement Expired - Lifetime EP0740361B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (4)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE1995114556 DE19514556A1 (en) 1995-04-20 1995-04-20 Combined flat antenna for vehicle global positioning system and mobile radio
    DE19514556 1995-04-20
    DE19546010 1995-12-09
    DE19546010A DE19546010A1 (en) 1995-12-09 1995-12-09 Combined flat antenna for vehicle global positioning system and mobile radio

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0740361A1 EP0740361A1 (en) 1996-10-30
    EP0740361B1 true EP0740361B1 (en) 1998-03-04

    Family

    ID=26014491

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP95119434A Expired - Lifetime EP0740361B1 (en) 1995-04-20 1995-12-09 Flat antenna arrangement

    Country Status (4)

    Country Link
    US (1) US5706015A (en)
    EP (1) EP0740361B1 (en)
    DE (1) DE59501555D1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2114717T3 (en)

    Families Citing this family (88)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE19543625C1 (en) * 1995-11-23 1997-01-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for retrofitting a further antenna to an existing vehicle antenna and additional vehicle antenna
    DE19646100A1 (en) * 1996-11-08 1998-05-14 Fuba Automotive Gmbh Flat antenna
    US6111549A (en) * 1997-03-27 2000-08-29 Satloc, Inc. Flexible circuit antenna and method of manufacture thereof
    US6098547A (en) * 1998-06-01 2000-08-08 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Artillery fuse circumferential slot antenna for positioning and telemetry
    IT1301886B1 (en) * 1998-07-30 2000-07-07 Rac S R L MULTIPLE ANTENNA STRUCTURE, IN PARTICULAR FOR TERRESTRIAL SATELLITE SYSTEMS.
    EP0978729A3 (en) * 1998-08-07 2002-03-20 Hitachi, Ltd. High-frequency transmitter-receiving apparatus for such an application as vehicle-onboard radar system
    DE29823087U1 (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-05-04 reel Reinheimer Elektronik GmbH, 35435 Wettenberg Broadband, linearly polarized multi-range antenna, especially for mobile use in vehicles
    US6396446B1 (en) 1999-02-16 2002-05-28 Gentex Corporation Microwave antenna for use in a vehicle
    US6166698A (en) * 1999-02-16 2000-12-26 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror with integrated microwave receiver
    US6100855A (en) * 1999-02-26 2000-08-08 Marconi Aerospace Defence Systems, Inc. Ground plane for GPS patch antenna
    DE19924349A1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2000-12-21 Kathrein Werke Kg Mobile antenna, in particular vehicle antenna for at least one circular and at least one linear, preferably vertical polarization
    US6271797B2 (en) * 1999-06-18 2001-08-07 R. A. Miller Industries, Inc. Combination antenna mount
    SE517564C2 (en) 1999-11-17 2002-06-18 Allgon Ab Antenna device for a portable radio communication device, portable radio communication device with such antenna device and method for operating said radio communication device
    US6664932B2 (en) * 2000-01-12 2003-12-16 Emag Technologies, Inc. Multifunction antenna for wireless and telematic applications
    WO2001052353A2 (en) * 2000-01-12 2001-07-19 Emag Technologies L.L.C. Low cost compact omni-directional printed antenna
    JP3626894B2 (en) 2000-04-20 2005-03-09 アルプス電気株式会社 GPS receiving antenna
    DE10037386A1 (en) * 2000-08-01 2002-02-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Combined receiver and transponder module
    US20020111194A1 (en) * 2000-12-11 2002-08-15 Farbod Behbahani Laptop wireless systems integrated with an LCD panel
    DE10064128A1 (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-07-25 Kathrein Werke Kg Patch antenna for operation in at least two frequency ranges
    US7072649B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2006-07-04 Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Multiple purpose antenna system
    US7948769B2 (en) * 2007-09-27 2011-05-24 Hemisphere Gps Llc Tightly-coupled PCB GNSS circuit and manufacturing method
    US7885745B2 (en) * 2002-12-11 2011-02-08 Hemisphere Gps Llc GNSS control system and method
    US7705793B2 (en) * 2004-06-10 2010-04-27 Raysat Antenna Systems Applications for low profile two way satellite antenna system
    US7379707B2 (en) * 2004-08-26 2008-05-27 Raysat Antenna Systems, L.L.C. System for concurrent mobile two-way data communications and TV reception
    EP1447878A1 (en) * 2003-02-12 2004-08-18 Hirschmann Electronics GmbH & Co. KG Antenna for a radio central locking system
    US8138970B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2012-03-20 Hemisphere Gps Llc GNSS-based tracking of fixed or slow-moving structures
    US8271194B2 (en) 2004-03-19 2012-09-18 Hemisphere Gps Llc Method and system using GNSS phase measurements for relative positioning
    US8265826B2 (en) 2003-03-20 2012-09-11 Hemisphere GPS, LLC Combined GNSS gyroscope control system and method
    US8190337B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2012-05-29 Hemisphere GPS, LLC Satellite based vehicle guidance control in straight and contour modes
    US8634993B2 (en) 2003-03-20 2014-01-21 Agjunction Llc GNSS based control for dispensing material from vehicle
    US8140223B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2012-03-20 Hemisphere Gps Llc Multiple-antenna GNSS control system and method
    US9002565B2 (en) 2003-03-20 2015-04-07 Agjunction Llc GNSS and optical guidance and machine control
    US8594879B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2013-11-26 Agjunction Llc GNSS guidance and machine control
    US8686900B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2014-04-01 Hemisphere GNSS, Inc. Multi-antenna GNSS positioning method and system
    US8214111B2 (en) * 2005-07-19 2012-07-03 Hemisphere Gps Llc Adaptive machine control system and method
    JP4039348B2 (en) * 2003-09-29 2008-01-30 ミツミ電機株式会社 Antenna device and radio wave receiving system using the same
    US20060273965A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-12-07 Raysat, Inc. Use of spread spectrum for providing satellite television or other data services to moving vehicles equipped with small size antenna
    US20110215985A1 (en) * 2004-06-10 2011-09-08 Raysat Antenna Systems, L.L.C. Applications for Low Profile Two Way Satellite Antenna System
    US7911400B2 (en) * 2004-01-07 2011-03-22 Raysat Antenna Systems, L.L.C. Applications for low profile two-way satellite antenna system
    US8761663B2 (en) * 2004-01-07 2014-06-24 Gilat Satellite Networks, Ltd Antenna system
    US8583315B2 (en) * 2004-03-19 2013-11-12 Agjunction Llc Multi-antenna GNSS control system and method
    JP3841100B2 (en) * 2004-07-06 2006-11-01 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Electronic device and wireless communication terminal
    US20070001914A1 (en) * 2004-08-26 2007-01-04 Raysat, Inc. Method and apparatus for incorporating an antenna on a vehicle
    US20100218224A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2010-08-26 Raysat, Inc. System and Method for Low Cost Mobile TV
    US20100183050A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2010-07-22 Raysat Inc Method and Apparatus for Providing Satellite Television and Other Data to Mobile Antennas
    TWI349395B (en) * 2006-07-03 2011-09-21 Accton Technology Corp A portable communication device with slot-coupled antenna module
    CN101154768B (en) * 2006-09-29 2011-12-07 智邦科技股份有限公司 Hand-hold communication equipment with coupling slot antenna module
    US7835832B2 (en) * 2007-01-05 2010-11-16 Hemisphere Gps Llc Vehicle control system
    US8311696B2 (en) * 2009-07-17 2012-11-13 Hemisphere Gps Llc Optical tracking vehicle control system and method
    USRE48527E1 (en) 2007-01-05 2021-04-20 Agjunction Llc Optical tracking vehicle control system and method
    US8000381B2 (en) * 2007-02-27 2011-08-16 Hemisphere Gps Llc Unbiased code phase discriminator
    US7612725B2 (en) 2007-06-21 2009-11-03 Apple Inc. Antennas for handheld electronic devices with conductive bezels
    JP4871818B2 (en) * 2007-09-12 2012-02-08 アルプス電気株式会社 Digital broadcast wave receiver
    US7808428B2 (en) * 2007-10-08 2010-10-05 Hemisphere Gps Llc GNSS receiver and external storage device system and GNSS data processing method
    US20100161179A1 (en) * 2008-12-22 2010-06-24 Mcclure John A Integrated dead reckoning and gnss/ins positioning
    US9002566B2 (en) 2008-02-10 2015-04-07 AgJunction, LLC Visual, GNSS and gyro autosteering control
    FR2927441B1 (en) * 2008-02-13 2011-06-17 Yannick Grasset CONTACTLESS OBJECT WITH INTEGRATED CIRCUIT CONNECTED TO THE TERMINALS OF A CIRCUIT BY CAPACITIVE COUPLING
    WO2009126587A1 (en) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-15 Hemisphere Gps Llc Gnss-based mobile communication system and method
    FR2936096B1 (en) * 2008-09-12 2011-01-28 Yannick Grasset METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING NON-CONTACT PORTABLE OBJECTS
    US8217833B2 (en) * 2008-12-11 2012-07-10 Hemisphere Gps Llc GNSS superband ASIC with simultaneous multi-frequency down conversion
    US8386129B2 (en) 2009-01-17 2013-02-26 Hemipshere GPS, LLC Raster-based contour swathing for guidance and variable-rate chemical application
    US8085196B2 (en) 2009-03-11 2011-12-27 Hemisphere Gps Llc Removing biases in dual frequency GNSS receivers using SBAS
    KR101225038B1 (en) * 2009-06-16 2013-01-23 전북대학교산학협력단 Tag antenna using microstrip lines and manufacturing method thereof, RFID tag
    US8401704B2 (en) * 2009-07-22 2013-03-19 Hemisphere GPS, LLC GNSS control system and method for irrigation and related applications
    US8174437B2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2012-05-08 Hemisphere Gps Llc System and method for augmenting DGNSS with internally-generated differential correction
    US8325093B2 (en) * 2009-07-31 2012-12-04 University Of Massachusetts Planar ultrawideband modular antenna array
    FR2949018B1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2012-04-20 Rfideal OHMIC CONNECTION USING ENLARGED CONNECTION ZONES IN A PORTABLE ELECTRONIC OBJECT
    US8334804B2 (en) * 2009-09-04 2012-12-18 Hemisphere Gps Llc Multi-frequency GNSS receiver baseband DSP
    US8649930B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2014-02-11 Agjunction Llc GNSS integrated multi-sensor control system and method
    US8228238B2 (en) * 2009-10-02 2012-07-24 Laird Technologies, Inc. Low profile antenna assemblies
    US8548649B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2013-10-01 Agjunction Llc GNSS optimized aircraft control system and method
    US20110172887A1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2011-07-14 Reeve David R Vehicle assembly control method for collaborative behavior
    US8583326B2 (en) 2010-02-09 2013-11-12 Agjunction Llc GNSS contour guidance path selection
    TWI473347B (en) * 2011-02-22 2015-02-11 Wistron Neweb Corp Planar dual polarization antenna
    US9072771B1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2015-07-07 Sti-Co Industries, Inc. Locomotive antenna arrays
    JP5786559B2 (en) * 2011-08-26 2015-09-30 オムロン株式会社 Antenna device
    US8773319B1 (en) 2012-01-30 2014-07-08 L-3 Communications Corp. Conformal lens-reflector antenna system
    TWI481205B (en) 2013-01-21 2015-04-11 Wistron Neweb Corp Microstrip antenna transceiver
    US9502755B2 (en) * 2014-01-24 2016-11-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Automotive radio antenna and method for making the same
    TWI533513B (en) 2014-03-04 2016-05-11 啟碁科技股份有限公司 Planar dual polarization antenna
    TWI547014B (en) 2014-07-31 2016-08-21 啟碁科技股份有限公司 Planar dual polarization antenna and complex antenna
    TWI540791B (en) 2014-11-05 2016-07-01 啟碁科技股份有限公司 Planar dual polarization antenna and complex antenna
    US9917354B2 (en) * 2015-07-27 2018-03-13 Laird Technologies (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Multiband vehicular antenna assembly
    DE102016108188B4 (en) * 2016-05-03 2018-04-12 Kathrein-Werke Kg antenna array
    DE102016006975B3 (en) * 2016-06-07 2017-09-07 Audi Ag Motor vehicle with antenna arrangement
    US10840589B2 (en) * 2016-09-02 2020-11-17 Taoglas Group Holdings Limited Multi-band MIMO panel antennas
    CN118572400A (en) * 2021-03-31 2024-08-30 江苏灿勤科技股份有限公司 Antenna assembly
    CN114899586B (en) * 2022-04-25 2023-06-06 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 Microstrip oscillator antenna mounted by cantilever

    Family Cites Families (12)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US5099249A (en) * 1987-10-13 1992-03-24 Seavey Engineering Associates, Inc. Microstrip antenna for vehicular satellite communications
    JPH0659009B2 (en) * 1988-03-10 1994-08-03 株式会社豊田中央研究所 Mobile antenna
    US5121127A (en) * 1988-09-30 1992-06-09 Sony Corporation Microstrip antenna
    JP2537390B2 (en) * 1988-12-23 1996-09-25 原田工業株式会社 Plane antenna
    US5153600A (en) * 1991-07-01 1992-10-06 Ball Corporation Multiple-frequency stacked microstrip antenna
    DE4135828A1 (en) * 1991-10-30 1993-05-06 Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V., 5300 Bonn, De ANTENNA ARRANGEMENT
    US5235045A (en) * 1992-03-19 1993-08-10 Microbiomed Corporation Non-azo naphthalimide dyes
    US5323168A (en) * 1992-07-13 1994-06-21 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Dual frequency antenna
    GB2272575B (en) * 1992-11-02 1996-08-07 Gec Ferranti Defence Syst Dual antenna arrangement
    US5444522A (en) * 1994-04-18 1995-08-22 Xerox Corporation Replaceable cleaner subsystem that prevents particle spillage
    DE9414817U1 (en) 1994-09-12 1994-11-03 Wilhelm Sihn jun. KG, 75223 Niefern-Öschelbronn Antenna for motor vehicles
    DE29506693U1 (en) * 1995-04-20 1995-06-29 Fuba Hans Kolbe & Co, 31134 Hildesheim Flat antenna arrangement

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE59501555D1 (en) 1998-04-09
    EP0740361A1 (en) 1996-10-30
    US5706015A (en) 1998-01-06
    ES2114717T3 (en) 1998-06-01

    Similar Documents

    Publication Publication Date Title
    EP0740361B1 (en) Flat antenna arrangement
    DE69821884T2 (en) Multifrequency stripline antenna and device with such an antenna
    EP0841715B1 (en) Flat antenna
    DE3788954T2 (en) Circular stripline as an antenna for a vehicle.
    DE60023062T2 (en) antenna design
    DE69936903T2 (en) Antenna for two frequencies for radio communication in the form of a microstrip antenna
    DE69404907T2 (en) Stripline array antenna
    DE69326984T2 (en) Antenna for multiple frequency ranges
    DE10231961B3 (en) Low-profile dual or multi-band antenna, especially for motor vehicles
    DE69624300T2 (en) antenna
    EP1154518B1 (en) Integrated antenna for mobile telephones
    DE2942061A1 (en) AERIAL ARRANGEMENT WITH PHASE CONTROLLED RADIATOR GROUP
    DE102008039776A1 (en) Stacked patch antenna with double band
    DE2638539A1 (en) DOUBLE FREQUENCY MICROSTRIP ANTENNA
    WO2005043675A1 (en) Antenna assembly, in particular for radar applications in motor vehicles
    DE3486135T2 (en) ANTENNA FOR MOBILE TELEPHONE TRAFFIC.
    EP1819013A1 (en) Dipole antenna
    EP1504491B2 (en) Roof for motor vehicles
    DE60105447T2 (en) PRINTED PATCH ANTENNA
    DE10346847B4 (en) microwave antenna
    EP1454381B1 (en) Wide band slot cavity antenna
    DE60019412T2 (en) ANTENNA WITH VERTICAL POLARIZATION
    DE19504577A1 (en) Flat aerial for GHz frequency range for vehicle mobile radio or quasi-stationary aerial
    DE102008019366B3 (en) Multilayer antenna of planar design
    DE29506693U1 (en) Flat antenna arrangement

    Legal Events

    Date Code Title Description
    PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

    17P Request for examination filed

    Effective date: 19951222

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: A1

    Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE

    17Q First examination report despatched

    Effective date: 19970218

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

    Owner name: FUBA AUTOMOTIVE GMBH

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    GRAA (expected) grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: B1

    Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT SE

    REF Corresponds to:

    Ref document number: 59501555

    Country of ref document: DE

    Date of ref document: 19980409

    ET Fr: translation filed
    ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FG2A

    Ref document number: 2114717

    Country of ref document: ES

    Kind code of ref document: T3

    GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

    Effective date: 19980601

    PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

    STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

    Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

    26N No opposition filed
    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: CJ

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: CD

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: GB

    Ref legal event code: IF02

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: SE

    Payment date: 20041206

    Year of fee payment: 10

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: GB

    Payment date: 20041208

    Year of fee payment: 10

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Payment date: 20041229

    Year of fee payment: 10

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: GB

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20051209

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: SE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20051210

    Ref country code: ES

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20051210

    EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
    GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

    Effective date: 20051209

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FD2A

    Effective date: 20051210

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: TP

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: DE

    Ref legal event code: R081

    Ref document number: 59501555

    Country of ref document: DE

    Owner name: DELPHI TECHNOLOGIES, INC., US

    Free format text: FORMER OWNER: DELPHI DELCO ELECTRONICS EUROPE GMBH, 42119 WUPPERTAL, DE

    Effective date: 20111006

    Ref country code: DE

    Ref legal event code: R081

    Ref document number: 59501555

    Country of ref document: DE

    Owner name: DELPHI TECHNOLOGIES, INC., TROY, US

    Free format text: FORMER OWNER: DELPHI DELCO ELECTRONICS EUROPE GMBH, 42119 WUPPERTAL, DE

    Effective date: 20111006

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: FR

    Payment date: 20141217

    Year of fee payment: 20

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: IT

    Payment date: 20141224

    Year of fee payment: 20

    Ref country code: DE

    Payment date: 20141230

    Year of fee payment: 20

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: DE

    Ref legal event code: R071

    Ref document number: 59501555

    Country of ref document: DE