EP0688920A1 - Connection apparatus for a stairway handrail - Google Patents

Abstract

The connector (20) has two connecting units (24) which in the assembled state are rotatable relative to each other and/or to the adjoining handrail sections (12) so that any angle can be set between the two assembled rail sections. The connecting units (24) can be designed so that in the assembled state they rotate relative to each other about a first axis. Each connecting unit can have an attachment for the end of the handrail section and each attachment can rotate between connecting unit and rail section. The connecting units and/or attachments can be made from wood and/or metal materials and/or plastics and/or stone. <IMAGE>

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a connecting device for a stair handrail with at least two handrail sections, the connecting device being arranged in each case between the handrail sections and the end regions of the handrail sections being attachable to the connecting device with a predeterminable solid angle.

Stairs require handrails for safety when walking on them. Since stairs are designed with different inclines and different turns, the handrails must be designed accordingly in order to adapt to the respective requirements. There are many attempts for easy-to-install handrails that can be adapted to the different inclinations and angles as well as curvatures. However, these can only be formed from appropriate materials such as metals, plastics, ropes or the like. When you touch them, they create a different feel than wood. Many stair users and builders prefer a wooden handrail for various reasons. This gives a feeling of stability from the visual point of view. It has an appropriate appearance and, above all, it conveys the desired feeling when touched. Wood for such purposes can only consist of straight pieces with economically reasonable effort. Accordingly, handrails for stairs with different inclinations for spiral staircases and spiral staircases are to be assembled from individual straight pieces. If the angles of the different sections of the handrail to be joined are known very precisely, they can be factory-made, at least with the help of computer-aided accounting and design as well as manufacturing units partially prefabricate. Practice shows, however, that it is precisely with such stairs that can be adapted accordingly to the inevitable tolerances on the building that the handrails must also be put together accordingly on the building.

STATE OF THE ART

If you have to bend within a straight running part because of different inclinations, this can still be achieved relatively easily by a clean cut on the bisector, which is advantageously carried out in the factory. Every kink with a sharp corner inevitably leads to impurities in the cuts made on the building. The solutions known for load-bearing cheeks and / or handrails, for example according to GB-A-2 147 022, DE-GM 71 37 304 and DE-GM 75 39 028 = DE-OS 25 55 041, also have elaborate handworks that are precisely coordinated with one another and joints that have to be processed very cleanly.

The handrail supports that rise vertically in the stairwell and at the lower and upper end of the respective run are known from conventional stair manufacturing. In order to achieve a smooth, continuous railing, these were fitted with handrail sections that fit in the profile and require correspondingly clean manual work, which is no longer available today for assembly railings with economically justifiable effort.

Fastening a continuous handrail made of wood or wooden materials on differently inclined sections with quick assembly struts also requires individual adjustment to the building. It is important that corrections can be made later without visible traces.

EP 0 264 085 B1 describes a stair handrail in which corner pieces are provided as connecting means in the joint area, which have two connecting side surfaces at an angle to one another in a recessed arrangement. The connection is made using fasteners such as screws, dowel anchorages, tensioning elements or the like. Here it is assumed that with a quick adjustment and assembly work even by average craftsmen or fitters, small angular inaccuracies always occur when the handrail sections are cut off at the end due to dimensional adjustments and the cut edge has smaller or larger cutouts in some cases. By connecting the handrail sections in the recessed areas, these impurities are visually covered.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention has for its object to provide an improved connection of the stair handrail sections compared to the aforementioned state, which is easy to assemble, an economical factory prefabrication allows, at the dimensional tolerances at the assembly point can be easily compensated for, which has an attractive external appearance and a cheap Has grip behavior. In addition, another task is to enable an easy-to-assemble and economically advantageous stair railing.

The connecting device according to the invention is given by the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements and developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The connecting device according to the invention is accordingly characterized in that the connecting device has two connecting units which, in the assembled state, are mutually and / or opposite the subsequent handrail sections are designed to be rotatable, so that any desired solid angle between the handrail sections to be connected can be set in the assembled state. Because, in the assembled state, a total rotational movement of the connecting device with its connecting units about two axes is possible, the connecting device can be easily adjusted to the solid angle between the incoming handrail section and the outgoing handrail section. In particular, dimensional tolerance compensation is easily possible, which results from, for example, different heights of the floors on the construction site. As a result, the stair handrail can also be easily installed by non-specialists, even if it deviates from the dimensions on which the handrail is based. The handrail sections can be straight or, in particular in the case of spiral or spiral staircases, run along a predetermined spatial curve.

A preferred embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention, which has a compact structure, is characterized in that the connecting units are designed such that they can be rotated relative to one another about a first axis in the assembled state (rotary movement V) and each connecting unit is a connecting unit for the end region of a Handrail section, wherein at least one connection unit is designed such that in the assembled state, a relative rotation (rotary movement H) between the connecting unit and the handrail section to be connected is possible about the longitudinal axis of the handrail section present in the end region, the first axis and the longitudinal axis of the handrail sections to be connected preferably being in one Intersect point.

With regard to the existing geometry of the respective axes of rotation, a preferred embodiment variant is characterized in that the connecting device is designed such that the longitudinal axes of the handrail sections to be connected are present perpendicular to the first axis.

A further advantageous embodiment variant which takes account of the conditions in the assembled state with regard to variability and flexibility is characterized in that the connecting device is designed such that the longitudinal axes of the handrail sections to be connected are present at an angle of 45 degrees to the first axis. A particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention is characterized in that the connecting device has a spherical outer contour and the connecting units are designed as hemispherical elements, an optically appealing further development being characterized in that the handrail sections are designed as full circle cross sections, preferably made of wood material.

A design according to the invention which meets the highest design requirements and at the same time meets the safety requirements is distinguished by the fact that the diameter of the connecting device is larger than the largest cross-sectional dimension of the handrail sections and the hemispheres are mutually rotatable about the first axis such that the outer ball contour of the connecting device is rotated during the turning process preserved.

A particularly preferred embodiment with regard to economical prefabrication at the factory is characterized in that a connecting device is selected in which the rotation about the first axis is caused by a cylindrical pivot pin which runs perpendicular to the hemispherical cut surfaces and through the center of the sphere and engages in recesses corresponding to the hemisphere cut surfaces or hollow cylindrical rotating ring is made possible.

A structurally particularly simple embodiment variant, in which the usual solid angle constellations occurring in stair handrails between the individual handrail sections are covered, is characterized in that the hemisphere cut surface at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the longitudinal axes of the handrail sections - measured between the longitudinal axis and its projection onto the hemisphere section plane.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention, the connection unit has an inner contour which essentially corresponds to the outer contour of the handrail section. As a result, only the corresponding handrail can be inserted for assembly in a simple manner after the connecting device or the connecting units have been rotated into the corresponding spatial position and then fixed.

The connection unit can be formed by a correspondingly existing recess in the hemisphere.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the connection unit is designed as a hollow profile unit into which the handrail section can be inserted. In this case, an end plate is preferably provided on the side of the hemisphere, which fits onto a corresponding flattening or recess on the hemisphere element.

The connection unit is particularly preferably designed to be rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the handrail section to be connected, so that, in the assembled state, the connection unit can be rotated so that any fixing means, such as in particular screws, which run through the wall of the connection unit and fix the handrail sections, are rotated into one position can be, which is practically invisible when walking up the stairs, ie preferably on the underside.

In a further embodiment, which is preferably made of plastic, the connection unit is connected in one piece to the connection unit.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, which ensures permanent and reliable usability, the handrail sections on the connection units and the connection units are designed to be fixable to one another after assembly.

Wood and / or metallic materials, preferably stainless steel, and / or plastic and / or stone can be considered as the material for the connecting units and / or the connecting units. A visually appealing design is characterized in that wood is used for the hemispherical elements and stainless steel for the connection units.

A further development according to the invention is characterized in that the connecting device has means for absorbing tensile forces acting in the direction of the first axis. In this way, for example, the hemispheres can largely be prevented from opening during the turning process or in the later state of use.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the connecting device according to the invention is characterized in that there is an articulated arm in a corresponding recess in the connecting unit in the longitudinal axis direction, both articulated arms being connected to one another in an articulated manner, thereby forming the first axis and in the assembled state the articulated arms about the longitudinal axis in each case are rotatable. Means are preferably provided for fixing or tensioning the articulated arms after assembly. This means that the hemispheres can reliably be prevented from opening even under the highest loads.

A connecting device which is preferably designed with regard to permanent functionality and a particularly simple assembly is characterized in that the articulated arms have a fastening unit, preferably a threaded pin, projecting in the longitudinal axis direction over the outer contour of the connecting units, to which the connecting unit can be rotatably fastened. In this embodiment according to the invention, a tension of the articulated arms and thus a prestressing force can be applied to the hemispherical cut surfaces by simply rotating the connection units, so that the connecting device can absorb tensile forces without there being a gap in the hemispherical cut surfaces.

A particularly preferred development of the connecting device according to the invention is characterized in that a securing unit, preferably pin, tube sleeve or the like, is fastened to the fastening unit in the longitudinal direction of the adjoining handrail section and can be inserted into a corresponding recess in the handrail section and can be fastened to the handrail section . In this case, a fastening screw is preferably screwed in from the outside through the handrail section, which ensures that the securing unit is fixed within the recess of the handrail section. This ensures that the handrail sections are not pulled out of the connection units even when there are high tensile forces acting in the longitudinal axis direction, which only occur if the entire banister is handled improperly. Preferably, the securing unit designed as a pin, tubular sleeve or the like has a certain elasticity, so that it can also be used in curved handrail sections.

A connecting device according to the invention, which does not require the formation of individual axes of rotation and at the same time simple assembly, economical factory prefabrication and a dimensional tolerance compensation when mounting on the construction site, is characterized in that the connecting device is designed as a spherical device which has at least two connection units with a hollow profile cross section, which cross section has an inner contour that corresponds essentially to the outer contour of the handrail section to be connected and the connection unit has an edge contour which essentially corresponds to the penetration curve of the hollow profile cross section with the spherical device, the connection unit preferably having a recessed base plate which can be fastened to the connection unit in this way.

The handrail according to the invention with connecting devices enables extremely simple assembly, so that it can also be carried out by a non-specialist. At the same time, economical prefabrication at the factory is possible. The handrail according to the invention represents a non-slip and continuous handrail and thus fulfills the requirements of the building regulations. In addition, it enables dimensional tolerance compensation, which is practically always necessary, since the actual dimensions on the construction site do not correspond to the plan dimensions. In addition to the technical advantages mentioned, the handrail according to the invention also enables a stair handrail design that meets the highest demands.

A stair railing according to the invention with a stair handrail with at least two handrail sections, handrail rods and articulated elements articulated on the handrail rods for connecting the handrail rods to the stair handrail is characterized in that there is at least one connecting device of the type described above.

A preferred embodiment of the banister according to the invention is characterized in that each joint element has a support surface adapted to the outer contour of the handrail section and at least one recess which has an inclination at least in the longitudinal direction and preferably in the transverse direction to the longitudinal axis and into which a connecting means, preferably a screw, for connecting the joint element to the handrail section can be introduced. Thanks to the articulated element, the railing rods can be easily connected to the handrail. Due to the arranged recess, a visually appealing exterior of the joint element can be achieved and at the same time the fastening of the joint element to the handrail section can be simplified. The inclination of the recess and, as a result, the inclination of the connecting means, preferably a screw, in the transverse direction to the longitudinal axis enables attachment at any time from the easily accessible side of the steps of the stairs. This applies to both clockwise and counterclockwise stairs. The connecting means preferably penetrates the handrail section to such an extent that it engages in the securing unit of the connecting device, thereby ensuring that the handrail section is prevented from being pulled out of the connecting device.

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention result from the features further specified in the claims and from the exemplary embodiments specified below. The features of the claims can be combined with one another in any way insofar as they are not obviously mutually exclusive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Fig. 1

schematische Teilperspektive eines erfindungsgemäßen Treppenhandlaufs einer gegenläufigen Treppe,

Fig. 2

schematische Draufsicht auf die Treppe gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

schematische Detail-Draufsicht auf eine Spindeltreppe mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Treppenhandlauf,

Fig. 4

schematische Perspektive der Spindeltreppe mit Handlauf gemäß Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 und 6

schematische Perspektivdarstellung einer Verbindungseinheit mit Halbkugelelementen in 180 Grad - bzw. 90 Grad Stellung,

Fig. 7

schematische Schnittdarstellung und auseinandergezogene Perspektivdarstellung der Verbindungseinheit gemäß Fig. 5 und 6 ohne Anschlußeinheiten,

Fig. 8

schematischer Schnitt durch eine Verbindungseinrichtung mit Halbkugelelementen und einer ersten Drehzapfenvariante,

Fig. 9 und 10

schematische Darstellung von Varianten der Ausbildung des Drehzapfens,

Fig. 11

schematischer Schnitt durch eine Verbindungseinrichtung mit Halbkugelelementen und Ausnehmungen für die Handlaufabschnitte,

Fig. 12

schematische Detail-Explosions-Perspektiv-Darstellung der Verbindungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 5 und 6 mit anzuschließenden Handlaufabschnitten,

Fig. 13

schematische Seitenansicht einer als Gelenk ausgebildeten Verbindungseinrichtung,

Fig. 14

schematische Draufsicht auf die Verbindungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 13,

Fig. 15

schematischer Schnitt durch eine Verbindungseinrichtung mit Halbkugelelementen und gelenkig im Kugelmittelpunkt angeschlossenen Gelenkarmen,

Fig. 16

schematische Perspektivdarstellung einer als Vollkugel ausgebildeten Verbindungseinrichtung mit anschließbaren Anschlußeinheiten,

Fig. 17

schematischer Detailschnitt durch eine Verbindungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 16 und

Fig. 18

schematischer Schnitt durch eine Verbindungseinrichtung mit Halbkugelelementen und gelenkig in Kugelmittelpunkt angeschlossenen Gelenkarmen und zusätzlich vorhandenen Auszugsicherungen.

The invention and advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described and explained in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawing. The features to be extracted from the description and the drawing can be used individually or in groups of any number Combination can be applied according to the invention. Show it:

Fig. 1

schematic partial perspective of a stair handrail according to the invention of a counter-rotating staircase,

Fig. 2

schematic plan view of the stairs according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

schematic detailed top view of a spiral staircase with a handrail according to the invention,

Fig. 4

schematic perspective of the spiral staircase with handrail according to FIG. 3,

5 and 6

schematic perspective view of a connecting unit with hemispherical elements in a 180 degree or 90 degree position,

Fig. 7

5 shows a schematic sectional view and an exploded perspective view of the connection unit according to FIGS. 5 and 6 without connection units,

Fig. 8

schematic section through a connecting device with hemispherical elements and a first pivot variant,

9 and 10

schematic representation of variants of the design of the pivot,

Fig. 11

schematic section through a connecting device with hemispherical elements and recesses for the handrail sections,

Fig. 12

5 shows a schematic, exploded perspective view of the connecting device according to FIGS. 5 and 6 with handrail sections to be connected,

Fig. 13

schematic side view of a connecting device designed as a joint,

Fig. 14

schematic plan view of the connecting device according to FIG. 13,

Fig. 15

schematic section through a connecting device with hemispherical elements and articulated arms articulated in the center of the sphere,

Fig. 16

schematic perspective representation of a connecting device designed as a solid sphere with connectable connection units,

Fig. 17

schematic detail section through a connecting device according to FIG. 16 and

Fig. 18

schematic section through a connecting device with hemispherical elements and articulated arms connected in the center of the ball and additional pull-out protections.

WAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

1 and 2 show a staircase handrail 10 for a double-flight counter-rotating staircase 14 with intermediate platform 16, in which individual handrail sections 12.1, 12.2, 12.3 arranged at a certain spatial angle to one another are connected to one another in their respective end region by means of a connecting device 20, as further will be described below. The handrail 10 is fastened on height-adjustable railing rods 18, which in turn are supported on the steps 19.

The angle between the handrail section 12.1 and the handrail section 12.2 is referred to as the solid angle 22. The diameter of the connecting device, which is essentially in the form of a ball, is larger than the diameter of the circular handrail to be connected.

FIGS. 3 and 4 schematically show the use of such a connecting device 20 in a spiral staircase 15. There is / are a railing rod 18 underneath each connecting device 20 and at least one, in the exemplary embodiment two, railing rods / bars 18 are present between the connecting devices 20. By making the end faces of the step coverings 19 obtuse-angled, it is also possible to create a handrail configuration in which all the railing rods are present below the handrail sections and some are not below the connecting device.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a connection device 20 has a first connection unit 24.1 and a second connection unit 24.2. Both connecting units 24 are essentially designed as hemispherical elements. The hemisphere elements are arranged with their hemispherical cut surfaces 25.1 and 25.2 concentrically rotatable on one another. At the center of the sphere formed by the hemispherical elements, a pivot 32 is present in corresponding recesses 34 on the hemispherical elements 25 perpendicular to the hemispherical cutting surface 25, which kinematically forms a first axis of rotation 26. The two hemispherical elements 24.1 and 24.2 can thus be rotated relative to one another about the axis of rotation 26 without the outer shape of the connecting device 20, ie the ball, changing. The longitudinal axes 28.1 and 28.2 of the handrail sections 12.1 and 12.2 to be connected are present at an angle of 45 degrees to the first axis of rotation 26 and in a plane perpendicular to the hemispherical cut surfaces 25. This is made possible by connecting units 30.1 and 30.2 on the hemispherical elements are fixed, into which the handrail sections 12, which have a circular cross section, can be inserted during assembly. The nozzle-like design of the connection units 30 enables the handrail sections 12 for connection not to have the purely theoretically exact length between two connecting devices 20, but can be adapted and inserted accordingly on the construction site. This makes it possible to easily compensate for existing dimensional deviations. The hemispherical elements can therefore be rotated so that the angle between the longitudinal axes 28.1, 28.2 of the subsequent handrail sections 21.1, 12.2 can be in the range between 90 degrees and 180 degrees.

In the wall of the connection unit 30, which is preferably made of stainless steel, there is a recess 36 through which a fixing screw 38 (see FIG. 8) can be screwed.

The connector unit 30 itself is rotatably attached to the respective hemispherical element 24 in the assembled state, so that after the completion of the assembly of the handrail sections 12, the connector unit 30 can be rotated so that the recess 36 can be placed at the point where it is the least visually disturbing . The fixing screw 38 can then be screwed in and the handrail section 12 can be fixed in its position.

In order to be able to absorb tensile forces which act in the direction of the first axis 26, the pivot pin 32 has a snap ring 40 on each hemisphere side, which engages in a corresponding circumferential groove in the hemisphere element.

According to FIG. 9, a snap ring 42 is provided on the pivot 32, which has a conical outer contour with a diameter increasing in the direction of insertion, such that it fits into the recess 34 of the hemisphere element 24 can be inserted and can easily snap into the groove when it is reached.

The pivot 44 shown schematically in FIG. 10 has a sawtooth structure 46 in the respective end region, which is arranged in such a way that problem-free insertion or driving of the pivot into the recess 34 is ensured and 44 tensile forces in the axial direction 26 can be absorbed when the pivot is driven . This type of pivot is a simple and economical solution since it is not absolutely necessary to provide a smooth rotation of the hemisphere elements. During assembly, the hemisphere elements generally only have to be rotated against one another by a predetermined angular amount, for which purpose an increased effort can also be used without restricting the functionality of the connecting device as a whole.

In the embodiment of a connecting device 35 shown in FIG. 8, a pivot pin 48 is formed, each of which has two sleeves 50.1 and 50.2, which can be rotated relative to one another and are each glued into the corresponding recess 34 of the hemisphere element. The sleeves 50.1 and 50.2 are fixed in their rotating position by means of a screw 52 on the inside, a screw head 54 with internal thread and a corresponding lock nut 58.

The cylindrical connection units 30.1, 30.2 have a base plate 60.1 or 60.2, which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the respective hemispherical elements 24 in a flat surface area correspondingly present in the hemispherical elements by means of a screw 62. In the assembled state, the screw connection is not fully tightened, so that the connection unit 30 can be rotated about the longitudinal axis 28. This is advantageous because, as already mentioned, the connection units 30 can then be rotated with their opening 36 such that the after completion of the assembly, for fixing purposes, the fixing screw 38 to be screwed into the position in which they are the least visually disturbing.

The connection device 70 shown schematically in FIG. 11 differs from the connection device 20 described above in that the connection units 72 are formed by recesses 72.1, 72.2 present in the hemispherical elements 24.1, 24.2, which can be inserted into the handrail sections 12. The inner contour of the recesses 72.1, 72.2 correspond to the outer contour of the hinge section 12 to be connected. According to FIG. 11, a pivot 32 forms the first axis 26. Instead of a pivot, a hollow cylindrical rotating ring 74 can also be used, which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 11.

12 shows the connection device 20 in an explosion perspective. The individual rotary movement options during the assembly state are shown by arrows. Arrows H1 and H2 thus illustrate the rotational movement of handrail sections 12.1 and 12.2 about their longitudinal axis 28.1 and 28.2. The rotation arrows V1 and V2 show the relative rotation possibilities of the connection units 24 about the axis of rotation 26. The arrows A1, A2 show the rotation options of the connection units 30.1 and 30.2 about the longitudinal axis 28.1 and 28.2.

In a connecting device 110 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, which is preferably made of plastic, there is a first connecting unit 112.1 and a second connecting unit 112.2, which are designed in the form of a swivel joint. A connection unit 114.1 or 114.2 is formed on the connection unit 112.1 or 112.2, which has the shape of a hollow cylindrical pocket into which the handrail section 12.1 or 12.2 to be connected can be inserted, with a rotation about the respective longitudinal axis 28.1 or 28.2 is possible.

The first connection unit 112.1 has a single-walled projection 122 with a recess. The second connection unit 112.2 has two projections 124 which are spaced apart from one another and each have a recess, the projection 122 of the first connection unit 112.1 being able to be inserted into the space between the projections 124 of the second connection unit 112.2, the recesses formed as a bore coming to lie coaxially . A hinge pin 116 is arranged in the through bore produced thereby, which enables the two connecting units 112.1 and 112.2 to rotate about an axis of rotation 118 which is perpendicular to the plane formed by the longitudinal axes 28.1, 28.2 which are at an angle to one another. In the present exemplary embodiment, the construction is designed as a two-section joint construction. A one-cut joint construction is also possible.

The stair handrail sections 12.1 and 12.2 inserted into the connection unit 114.1 and 114.2 can be fixed in their final position after assembly by means of a fixing screw 120.

15 shows a connecting device 80 with connecting units 82.1, 82.2, which are also hemispherical with a hemispherical sectional surface 25.1 or 25.2 which is at 45 degrees to the longitudinal axes 28.1 or 28.2 of the handrail sections 12.1, 12.2 to be connected. However, there is no pivot here, which is arranged perpendicular to the hemisphere section plane, but there are two articulated arms 85.1, 85.2 which are located in the direction of the longitudinal axes 28.1 and 28.2 and are located in corresponding recesses in the hemisphere elements 82.1 and 82.2 and are connected to one another in an articulated manner , wherein this hinge point is present in the center of the ball and the hinge is designed such that there is a possibility of rotation about an axis of rotation 88 which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axes 28.1 and 28.2 and in the hemisphere cutting surface 25.1 or 25.2. The articulated arms 85.1 and 85.2 can be rotated about the corresponding longitudinal axis 28.1 and 28.2 in the assembled state. The possibility of rotating the articulated arms 28 about their longitudinal axis must be ensured so that the hemispherical elements can be rotated relative to one another. The connection units 30.1 and 30.2 are in turn fixable by screws 62, the screws 62 being screwed into the articulated arms 28 at the same time and securing them in position after adjustment of the spatial angle 22 between the handrail sections 12 to be connected by further turning the screw 62 and securing them Hemispherical cut surfaces 25.1 and 25.2 are pressed together so that the occurrence of a gaping joint can be avoided. Very good guiding properties for the rotary movement can be achieved if a guide ring 84 is arranged in the plane 25, which engages in corresponding recesses provided on the connecting units.

In an embodiment not shown, the rotary movement of the screw is coupled to the rotary movement of the connection unit, so that the connection units can be braced by rotating the connection unit.

In the exemplary embodiment of a connecting device 90 according to the invention shown in FIG. 16, two connecting units are not designed as hemispherical elements, but one connecting unit is present as a solid ball. Connection units 92 are used which are designed like hollow profiles, the inner contour of the connection unit 92 corresponding to the outer contour of the handrail section to be connected. The end contour 94 of the connection unit 92 facing the ball has a curve area shaped in accordance with the penetration curve of the ball with the hollow profile of the connection unit 92. In the present case, namely when the ball is penetrated by the cylindrical connection unit 92, this penetration curve is a flat circular curve. The connection unit 92 has an inside set back base plate 96, the back offset is selected so that when the connection unit is attached, the end contour 94 abuts the outer surface of the ball and the base plate 96 to the ball 90 via a fastening screw 98 through a recess in the wall of the base plate 96 of the connection unit 92 95 can be connected. The side wall of the connection unit 92 has a recess 91 through which the handrail section can be fixed after assembly.

During assembly, the respective connection device can be attached at any point on the ball, as a result of which any connection angle that occurs for the handrail sections can be produced in a simple manner. In this exemplary embodiment, the connecting device 90 is preferably formed from wood and the connection units 92 from stainless steel.

The connecting devices shown can also be made of plastic. In a preferred embodiment, the connection unit and connection unit are each formed in one piece.

The connecting device 130 shown in FIG. 18 is similar to the connecting device 80 according to FIG. 15. The same components have the same reference numerals and will not be explained again. The connecting device 130 essentially has connecting units 132.1 and 132.2 designed as hemispherical elements, in which an outwardly projecting threaded pin 136 with an external thread is formed on the articulated arms 85.1 and 85.2. The connection unit 134 has in its bottom 135 a recess with an internal thread which meshes on the threaded pin 136. A securing unit designed as a thick-walled tubular sleeve 138 is screwed onto the threaded pin 136, which protrudes outwards in the longitudinal axis direction 28, and correspondingly on the handrail section 12 existing recess 142 comes into engagement. The recess 142 in the handrail section 12 can advantageously already be prefabricated at the factory, the length of the recess 142 being selected such that, due to dimensional deviations to be made in the handrail section 12 at the construction site, a complete introduction of the securing unit 138 is ensured at all times. The recess 142 on the handrail section 12 can also be produced on site at the assembly point by drilling.

After the handrail sections 12.1 and 12.2 have been inserted into the connection units 134.1 and 134.2 and thus also the securing units 138 come to rest in the recesses 142, the connecting device 130 has been fixed or pre-tensioned by rotating the connection units 134, from below Here a fixing screw 140 is screwed into the handrail section 12, which cuts into the safety unit designed as a tubular sleeve 138 and thus ensures that the handrail section 12 is secured against being pulled out of the connection unit 134.

In the area of the articulation point, that is to say the first axis 88, in which the articulated arms 85 are connected to one another in an articulated manner, there is an enlarged recess 142 which ensures the rotation of the articulated arms 85 during the relative rotation of the connecting units 132 with respect to one another. The metal ring 84, which is preferably made of metal or steel, ensures good guidance properties with regard to the relative rotation of the connecting units 132 with respect to one another.

The fixing screw 140 can at the same time be used to attach a connecting head, not shown, of a railing rod to the handrail section.

The embodiment according to the invention according to FIG. 18 has, among other things, the great advantage that by simply turning it the connection units a tension of the connection units is guaranteed, at the same time re-tensioning is possible, and in addition a pull-out protection is ensured, the fixing screw being screwed in visually, preferably screwed in from below, and thus not coming into contact with the hand sliding along the handrail.

FIGS. 19 and 20 schematically show a joint element 150 which is used to fasten a railing rod 18 to a handrail section 12. The hinge element 150 is connected to the upper end region of the railing rod 18 in an articulated manner so that it can rotate about an axis of rotation 158. The handrail section 12 is designed as a round wood section. The handrail can also be made of plastic, metal or other material. Due to the height adjustability of the railing rod 18 and the rotatability of the joint element 150 about the axis of rotation 158, problem-free contact of the joint element 150 with the outer contour of the handrail section 12 is possible at any inclinations thereof. The articulation element 150 is present in the area of contact with the handrail section 12 as a component with a cylindrical outer contour, the bearing surface 152 of the articulation element 150 on the handrail section 12 being designed as a penetration area of two cylinder bodies. Preferably, sealing units (not shown) are provided on the outside on the support surface 152, so that the joint element 150 can be pressed onto the handrail section 12 without a visible joint.

The joint element 150 has two recesses 154.1 and 154.2, which have the following arrangement in space. Seen in the longitudinal axis direction 28 (FIG. 19), the axis 160.1 of the recess 154.1 has an inclination 161.1 to the right and the axis 160.2 of the recess 154.2 has an inclination 161.2 to the left. A fastening screw 156 can be screwed into both recesses 154.1 and 154.2, so that the joint element 150 is connected to the handrail section 12. Transverse to the longitudinal axis direction 28 (FIG. 20), the axis 160.1 and 160.2 of the recess 154.1 or 154.2 has an inclination 162 of approximately 15 ° to the right deviating from the vertical.

To fasten the joint element 150 to the handrail section 12, a screw 156 is screwed in for each joint element 150. The spatial arrangement of the recesses 154 allows the fastening screw 156 to be introduced without problems. Because of the inclination 162, it is always possible to arrange the joint element 150 in such a way that the screw 156 can always be screwed in from the side on which the steps are present, regardless of whether there is a right-hand or left-hand staircase.

Claims (26)

Connection device (20; 35; 70; 80; 110; 130) for a stair handrail (10; 11) with - At least two handrail sections (12), wherein - The connecting device (20; 35; 70; 80; 110; 130) is arranged in each case between the handrail sections (12) and, - On the connecting device (20; 35; 70; 80; 110: 130), the end regions of the handrail sections (12) can be fastened with a predeterminable solid angle (22), characterized in that
the connecting device (20; 35; 70; 80; 110; 130) has two connecting units (24; 82; 112) which, in the assembled state, can be rotated with respect to one another and / or with respect to the subsequent handrail sections (12), so that any one in the assembled state predetermined solid angle (22) can be set between the handrail sections (12) to be connected. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that - The connecting units (24, 82: 112) are designed so that they can be rotated relative to each other in the assembled state about a first axis (26; 88; 118) (rotary movement V) and - Each connecting unit (24; 82; 112) has a connection unit (30) for the end region of a handrail section (12), at least one connection unit (30; 72; 114) being designed such that a relative rotation (rotary movement H) between in the assembled state Connection unit (24; 82; 112) and handrail section (12) to be connected around the longitudinal axis (28) of the handrail section (12) present in the end region is possible. Device according to claim 2,
characterized in that
the connecting device (20; 35; 70; 80; 110) is designed such that the first axis (26; 88; 118) and the longitudinal axes (28) of the handrail sections (12) to be connected intersect at one point. Device according to claim 2 and / or 3,
characterized in that
the connecting device (80; 110; 130) is designed such that the longitudinal axes (28) of the handrail sections (12) to be connected are present perpendicular to the first axis (88; 118). Device according to claim 2 and / or 3,
characterized in that
the connecting device (20; 35; 70) is designed such that the longitudinal axes (28) of the handrail sections (12) to be connected are present at an angle of 45 degrees to the first axis (26). Device according to at least one of the other claims,
characterized in that
the handrail sections have a circular cross section and preferably consist of wood material. Stair handrail according to one or more of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the connecting device (20; 35; 70; 80) has a spherical outer contour and the connecting units (24; 82) are designed as hemispherical elements. Device according to claim 7,
characterized in that
the diameter of the connecting device (20; 35; 70; 80) is larger than the largest cross-sectional dimension of the handrail sections (12) and the hemispheres are mutually rotatable about the first axis (26) in such a way that the outer contour of the ball relative to one another during the turning process of the two hemispherical elements the connecting device (20; 35; 70; 80) is retained. Device according to claim 7 and / or 8,
characterized in that
the hemispherical cutting surface (circular surface 25) each has a recess (34) into which a cylindrical pivot (32; 44) or a hollow cylindrical rotating ring (74) engages in a locking or clamping manner. Device according to one or more of claims 7 to 9,
characterized in that
the hemisphere section surface (25) is arranged at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis (28) of the handrail section (12) - measured between the longitudinal axis and its projection onto the hemisphere section plane. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the connection unit (30; 72; 114) has an inner contour which essentially corresponds to the outer contour of the handrail section (12). Device according to claim 11,
characterized in that
the connection unit (72) is formed by a recess in the connection unit (24). Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that
the connection unit (30) is designed as a hollow profile unit, preferably with a base plate (60), into which unit the handrail section (12) can be inserted. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 13,
characterized in that
the connection unit (30) about the longitudinal axis (28) of the handrail section (12) is rotatably attached to the connecting unit (24). Device according to one or more of claims 2 to 13,
characterized in that
the connection unit is connected in one piece to the connection unit. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
after assembly, the handrail sections on the connection units and the connection units can be fixed to one another in their respective end positions. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the connection units and / or the connection units consist of wood and / or metallic materials, preferably stainless steel, and / or plastic and / or stone. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the connecting device has means (42; 46; 85) for absorbing tensile forces acting in the direction of the first axis. Device according to one or more of claims 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 to 18,
characterized in that
An articulated arm (85) is provided in a corresponding recess in the connecting unit (82) in the longitudinal axis direction (28), both articulated arms (85) being connected to one another in an articulated manner, thereby forming the first axis (88) and in the assembled state the articulated arms (85 ) are each rotatable about the longitudinal axes (28) (Fig. 15; 18). Device according to claim 19,
characterized by it
Means (62) for fixing or tensioning the articulated arms (85) and thus the connecting units (82.1, 82.2) after assembly. Device according to claim 19 and / or 20,
characterized in that
the articulated arms (85) have a fastening unit (136), preferably threaded pin, projecting in the longitudinal axis direction beyond the outer contour of the connecting units (132), to which the connecting unit (134) can be rotatably fastened. Device according to claim 21,
characterized in that
on the fastening unit (132) in the longitudinal direction of the adjoining handrail section (12.1), a securing unit (138), preferably a pin, tubular sleeve or the like, is attached, which can be inserted into a corresponding recess on the handrail section (12) and which can be attached to the handrail section (12). Device according to the preamble of claim 1,
characterized in that
the connecting device (90) is designed as a spherical device which has at least two connection units (92) with a hollow profile cross section, which cross section has an inner contour which essentially corresponds to the outer contour of the handrail section (12) to be connected and the connection unit has an edge contour (94), which essentially corresponds to the penetration curve of the hollow profile cross section with the spherical device (FIG. 16). Device according to claim 23,
characterized in that
the connection unit (92) has a recessed base plate (96) which can be fastened to the spherical device. Banister with - a stair handrail (10; 11) with at least two handrail sections (12), - Railing bars (18) and - on the railing rods (18) articulated joint elements (150) for connecting the railing rods (18) to the stair handrail (10; 11),
characterized in that
at least one connecting device according to one or more of the preceding claims is present. Stair railing according to the preamble of claim 25,
characterized in that
each joint element (150) has a support surface (152) adapted to the outer contour of the handrail section (12) and at least one recess (154) which has an inclination at least in the longitudinal direction and preferably in the transverse direction to the longitudinal axis (28) and into which a connecting means, preferably Screw (156) for connecting the joint element (150) to the handrail section (12) can be inserted.

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