EP0461384A2 - Diagnosis installation - Google Patents

Diagnosis installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0461384A2
EP0461384A2 EP19910107260 EP91107260A EP0461384A2 EP 0461384 A2 EP0461384 A2 EP 0461384A2 EP 19910107260 EP19910107260 EP 19910107260 EP 91107260 A EP91107260 A EP 91107260A EP 0461384 A2 EP0461384 A2 EP 0461384A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
signal bus
signal
capacitive
plug
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Granted
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EP19910107260
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0461384A3 (en
EP0461384B1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Dittmann
Werner Bumen
Hans-Peter Dipl.-Ing. Gehlen
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P2017/006Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines using a capacitive sensor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for diagnosing multi-coil ignition systems according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a device for determining the ignition pulse provided for a specific cylinder of an internal combustion engine is known.
  • the ignition system contains several ignition coils, two spark plugs each being connected to the secondary windings of the ignition coils.
  • the distributorless multi-coil ignition system generates an ignition spark at the spark plug every revolution of the internal combustion engine. In four-stroke internal combustion engines, ignition sparks are therefore generated both in the working cycle and in the exhaust cycle.
  • the ignition pulses differ in the ignition voltage amplitude, which is considerably higher in the working cycle than in the exhaust cycle, at least during load operation.
  • Three capacitive signal pickups are provided for signal detection and are arranged on the ignition cables leading from the ignition coils to the spark plugs.
  • the known device requires the accessibility of the ignition cable for attaching the sensors.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple device for diagnosing multi-coil ignition systems. This object is achieved by the features specified in the main claim.
  • the device according to the invention for diagnosing multi-coil ignition systems has the advantage of simple adaptation. It is particularly advantageous that ignition cables lying between the ignition coils and the spark plugs need not be present.
  • the means for capacitive signal coupling between the ignition coils and a signal bus which connects the means and which has a plug at one end are suitably arranged directly on the ignition coils or on distributor housings which contain the ignition coils.
  • the means for capacitive signal coupling thus provide a signal corresponding to the high voltage on the signal bus ready, regardless of the wiring of the secondary winding of the ignition coils.
  • secondary windings grounded on one side with a high-voltage connection and arrangements with spark plug connections can be provided at both ends of the secondary windings.
  • a particularly advantageous development provides that further capacitive couplings are provided between the means for capacitive signal coupling and the signal bus.
  • This further capacitive coupling can be implemented particularly simply in that the means for capacitive signal coupling, for example in the form of a metal angle, have a tubular part through which the collecting line is guided in each case.
  • the amount of the coupling capacities can be specified by constructive measures.
  • the particular advantage of this measure lies in the minimization of a capacitive coupling from the ignition coil to the ignition coil.
  • An adaptation error that is only present on an ignition coil or on a distributor, for example a short circuit of the means for capacitive signal coupling to ground, can be recognized immediately with a motor tester to which the diagnostic device according to the invention is connected.
  • a short circuit would pull the potential of the bus as a whole to earth and would make it impossible to locate the fault.
  • the design of the signal bus as a spiral cable This measure considerably simplifies the adaptation to the ignition system, with a greater sagging of the signal bus being avoided. Different distances between the ignition coils or the distributors can be compensated.
  • One embodiment of the diagnostic device according to the invention relates to the means for capacitive signal coupling, which can be implemented in the simplest case by the signal collecting line being wound around the ignition coil or the distributor at least once.
  • the signal bus is therefore identical to the means for capacitive signal coupling.
  • the figure shows a multi-coil ignition system with a diagnostic device according to the invention.
  • the figure shows a first ignition coil 10 with two high-voltage connections 12, 14 on the secondary side.
  • the electrical equivalent circuit diagram 16 is shown within the ignition coil 10.
  • the first ignition coil 10 has two primary connections 18, which are connected to a primary winding 20. The two ends of the secondary winding 22 lead to the two high-voltage connections 12, 14.
  • a first means 24 for capacitive signal coupling between the ignition coil 10 and a signal bus 26 is arranged on the first ignition coil 10.
  • the capacitive coupling is illustrated by a first capacitor 28. Since the first capacitor 28 is not present as a separate component, it is shown in broken lines in the figure.
  • the first means 24 has a tubular part 30 through which the signal bus 26 is guided. A capacitive coupling also takes place between the tube 30 and the signal collecting line 26, which is indicated in the figure by the second capacitor 32 shown in broken lines.
  • the electrical equivalent circuit 40 of the second ignition coil 36 shows a primary winding 42 with connections 44 on the primary side.
  • a connection of a secondary winding 46 is also connected one of the primary connections 44 is connected, while a second connection of the secondary winding 46 leads to the secondary-side high-voltage connection 38.
  • Second means 48 for capacitive signal coupling between the second ignition coil 36 and the signal bus 26 are provided on the second ignition coil 36.
  • the capacitive coupling is indicated by a third capacitor 50, which is shown in broken lines in the figure, since it is not present as a separate component.
  • the second means 48 also have a tubular part 52 through which the signal bus 26 is guided. A further capacitive coupling takes place between the tubular part 52 and the signal bus 26, which is indicated by a fourth capacitor 54, which is shown in broken lines in the figure.
  • the device according to the invention for diagnosing multi-coil ignition systems works as follows:
  • the signal collecting line 26 provides an ignition analyzer with signals corresponding to the ignition processes, which can be connected via the plug 34.
  • the signals of the ignition system correspond to the voltages occurring at the ignition coils 10, 36, which are each removed by capacitive coupling 28, 50.
  • the capacitive couplings 28, 50 are entered between the secondary windings 22, 46 and the two means 24, 48, a general signal coupling takes place, which also detects signals from the primary windings 20, 42.
  • the voltages occurring in the secondary windings 22, 46 are considerable higher than the voltages occurring in the primary windings 20, 42, signals are predominantly coupled into the signal bus 26 which correspond to the secondary voltages.
  • ignition coils 10, 36 the equivalent circuit diagrams 16, 40 of which are given, is of minor importance.
  • ignition coils with a high-voltage winding 46 grounded on one side and a high-voltage connection 38 on the secondary side or secondary windings 22 with two high-voltage connections 12, 14 in each case can be provided at each winding end.
  • the first ignition coil 10 is consequently part of a multi-coil ignition system with double-spark ignition coils
  • the second ignition coil 36 is part of a multi-coil ignition system with single-spark ignition coils.
  • the high-voltage connections 12, 14; 38 can be inaccessibly connected directly to spark plugs, not shown in the figure.
  • the two means 24, 48 for capacitive signal coupling between the ignition coils 10, 36 and the signal bus 26 are preferably designed as a metal plug-in part, which is respectively adapted to the ignition coils 10, 36.
  • the capacitive coupling 28, 50 is given by electrically conductive surfaces, which is given by the structure of the ignition coil 10, 36 and the metallic surface of the plug-in part 24, 48.
  • an arrangement is also possible, for example, on distributor housings in which the ignition coils 10, 36 are integrated.
  • the plug-on parts 24, 48 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner with the data bus 26.
  • the signal bus 26 is galvanically connected to the plug-in parts, for example by soldered connections or crimped connections 24, 48 connected.
  • Significant advantages result from a further capacitive coupling 32, 54 between the plug-on parts 24, 48 and the signal bus 26.
  • a simple implementation of these capacitive couplings 32, 54 is achieved by clamping the line 26 with the plug-on parts 24, 48 without a galvanic connection. Clamping is possible, for example, by means of clips or with a tubular part 30, 52 shown in the figure.
  • the further capacitive couplings 32, 54 between the plug-on parts 24, 48 and the signal bus 26 bring with them the advantage of preventing capacitive coupling between the ignition coils 10, 36.
  • a faulty arrangement of only one plug-on part 24, 48 on an ignition coil 10, 36 does not lead to a total signal loss at the signal bus 26 Total signal line 26 pulled to ground and electrically make fault location impossible.
  • the further capacitive couplings 32, 54 enable the faulty connection of a plug-in part 24, 48 to the relevant ignition coil 10, 36 to be directly assigned with the aid of the ignition analyzer connected to the plug 34.
  • the amount of the coupling capacitances 32, 54 can be determined by constructive measures.
  • a further embodiment relates to the capacitive couplings 28, 50 between the ignition coils 10, 36 and the two means 24, 48.
  • the capacitive couplings 28, 50 can also be wound around the ignition coils 10 by at least once winding the signal bus 26 , 36 may be provided.
  • the means 24, 48 for capacitive signal coupling are no longer required as a separate part in this case.
  • This configuration is can be used particularly advantageously if the signal bus 26 is designed as a spiral cable.
  • the stretchable spiral cable adapts particularly well to the different external dimensions of the ignition coils 10, 36 or the distributor in which the ignition coils 10, 36 are integrated.
  • the design of the signal bus 26 as a spiral cable also has the advantage of simple adaptation of the diagnostic device according to the invention. With the stretchable spiral cable you can reach several measuring points with different distances without the signal bus 26 sagging.
  • the amount of the coupling capacitances 32, 54 can be determined with the signal bus 26 designed as a spiral cable by specifying the number of turns in the tubular parts 30, 52.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

An installation for the diagnosis of multi-coil ignition systems is proposed, which contains a signal bus (26), which is designed as a spiral cable and interconnects parts (24, 48) which can be plugged to the ignition coils (10, 36) for capacitive signal coupling (28, 50) between the ignition coils (10, 36) and the signal bus (26). Further capacitive couplings (32, 54) are provided between the plug-on parts (24, 48) and the signal bus (26). <IMAGE>

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Mehrspulen-Zündanlagen nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Aus der US-PS 47 95 979 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des für einen bestimmten Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehenen Zündimpuls bekannt. Die Zündanlage enthält mehrere Zündspulen, wobei an den Sekundärwicklungen der Zündspulen jeweils zwei Zündkerzen angeschlossen sind. Die verteilerlose Mehrspulen-Zündanlage erzeugt bei jeder Umdrehung der Brennkraftmaschine einen Zündfunken an der Zündkerze. Bei Viertakt-Brennkraftmaschinen werden demnach Zündfunken sowohl im Arbeitstakt als auch im Auslaßtakt erzeugt. Die Zündimpulse unterscheiden sich in der Zündspannungsamplitude, die zumindest während des Lastbetriebs im Arbeitstakt erheblich höher als im Auslaßtakt ist. Zur Signalerfassung sind drei kapazitive Signalaufnehmer vorgesehen, die an den von den Zündspulen zu den Zündkerzen führenden Zündkabeln angeordnet sind. Die bekannte Vorrichtung setzt die Zugänglichkeit der Zündkabel zum Anbringen der Sensoren voraus.The invention relates to a device for diagnosing multi-coil ignition systems according to the preamble of the main claim. From US-PS 47 95 979 a device for determining the ignition pulse provided for a specific cylinder of an internal combustion engine is known. The ignition system contains several ignition coils, two spark plugs each being connected to the secondary windings of the ignition coils. The distributorless multi-coil ignition system generates an ignition spark at the spark plug every revolution of the internal combustion engine. In four-stroke internal combustion engines, ignition sparks are therefore generated both in the working cycle and in the exhaust cycle. The ignition pulses differ in the ignition voltage amplitude, which is considerably higher in the working cycle than in the exhaust cycle, at least during load operation. Three capacitive signal pickups are provided for signal detection and are arranged on the ignition cables leading from the ignition coils to the spark plugs. The known device requires the accessibility of the ignition cable for attaching the sensors.

Aus der US-PS 39 59 725 ist es bekannt, einen kapazitiven Zündspannungssensor an einem Verteilergehäuse anzuordnen, das neben dem Verteiler auch die Zündspule enthält. Der kapazitive Geber ist als eine elektrisch leitende Fläche ausgebildet, die in geeigneter Weise an dem Verteiler befestigt wird. Diese bekannte Vorrichtung ist auf die Diagnose von einer Einspulen-Zündanlage abgestellt.From US-PS 39 59 725 it is known to arrange a capacitive ignition voltage sensor on a distributor housing which also contains the ignition coil in addition to the distributor. The capacitive transmitter is designed as an electrically conductive surface which is attached to the distributor in a suitable manner. This known device is based on the diagnosis of a single-coil ignition system.

Eine der aus der US-PS 39 59 725 bekannten Vorrichtung entsprechende Anordnung ist aus der DE-OS 37 05 692 bekannt, bei der der kapazitive Sensor als Kabel ausgebildet ist, das um den Verteiler wenigstens einmal herumgewickelt ist. Eine bekannte Weiterbildung sieht die Ausgestaltung des Kabels als Spiralkabel vor. Sinn dieser Ausgestaltung ist die Vereinfachung der Handhabung, da sich das Spiralkabel selbständig an die Form des Verteilergehäuses anpaßt, bedingt durch seine federnden Eigenschaften.An arrangement corresponding to the device known from US-PS 39 59 725 is known from DE-OS 37 05 692, in which the capacitive sensor is designed as a cable which is wound around the distributor at least once. A known development provides for the design of the cable as a spiral cable. The purpose of this configuration is to simplify handling, since the spiral cable automatically adapts to the shape of the distributor housing, due to its resilient properties.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine einfache Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Mehrspulen-Zündanlagen anzugeben. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.The invention has for its object to provide a simple device for diagnosing multi-coil ignition systems. This object is achieved by the features specified in the main claim.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Mehrspulen-Zündanlagen weist den Vorteil einer einfachen Adaption auf. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, daß zwischen den Zündspulen und den Zündkerzen liegende Zündkabel nicht vorhanden sein müssen. Die Mittel zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung zwischen den Zündspulen und einer Signalsammelleitung, die die Mittel verbindet und die an einem Ende einen Stecker aufweist, werden in geeigneter Weise unmittelbar an den Zündspulen oder an Verteilergehäusen, die die Zündspulen enthalten, angeordnet. Die Mittel zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung stellen damit ein der Hochspannung entsprechendes Signal auf der Signalsammelleitung bereit, unabhängig von der Beschaltung der Sekundärwicklung der Zündspulen. Beispielsweise können einseitig geerdete Sekundärwicklungen mit einem Hochspannungsanschluß als auch Anordnungen mit Zündkerzenanschlüssen an beiden Enden der Sekundärwicklungen vorgesehen sein.The device according to the invention for diagnosing multi-coil ignition systems has the advantage of simple adaptation. It is particularly advantageous that ignition cables lying between the ignition coils and the spark plugs need not be present. The means for capacitive signal coupling between the ignition coils and a signal bus which connects the means and which has a plug at one end are suitably arranged directly on the ignition coils or on distributor housings which contain the ignition coils. The means for capacitive signal coupling thus provide a signal corresponding to the high voltage on the signal bus ready, regardless of the wiring of the secondary winding of the ignition coils. For example, secondary windings grounded on one side with a high-voltage connection and arrangements with spark plug connections can be provided at both ends of the secondary windings.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Vorrichtung ergeben sich aus Unteransprüchen.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the device specified in the main claim result from subclaims.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung sieht vor, daß zwischen den Mitteln zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung und der Signalsammelleitung jeweils weitere kapazitive Kopplungen vorgesehen sind. Besonders einfach ist diese weitere kapazitive Kopplung dadurch realisierbar, daß die beispielsweise als Metallwinkel ausgebildeten Mittel zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung einen rohrförmiges Teil aufweisen, durch das die Sammelleitung jeweils geführt ist. Durch konstruktive Maßnahmen kann der Betrag der Koppelkapazitäten vorgegeben werden.A particularly advantageous development provides that further capacitive couplings are provided between the means for capacitive signal coupling and the signal bus. This further capacitive coupling can be implemented particularly simply in that the means for capacitive signal coupling, for example in the form of a metal angle, have a tubular part through which the collecting line is guided in each case. The amount of the coupling capacities can be specified by constructive measures.

Der besondere Vorteil dieser Maßnahme liegt in der Minimierung einer kapazitiven Verkopplung von Zündspule zu Zündspule. Ein Adaptionsfehler, der nur an einer Zündspule oder an einem Verteiler vorliegt, beispielsweise ein Kurzschluß des Mittels zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung gegen Masse, ist mit einem Motortester, an dem die erfindungsgemäße Diagnosevorrichtung angeschlossen ist, sofort zu erkennen. Ein derartiger Kurzschluß würde bei einer leitenden Verbindung zwischen den einzelnen Mitteln das Potential der Sammelleitung insgesamt auf Masse ziehen und eine Lokalisierung des Fehlers unmöglich machen.The particular advantage of this measure lies in the minimization of a capacitive coupling from the ignition coil to the ignition coil. An adaptation error that is only present on an ignition coil or on a distributor, for example a short circuit of the means for capacitive signal coupling to ground, can be recognized immediately with a motor tester to which the diagnostic device according to the invention is connected. In the case of a conductive connection between the individual means, such a short circuit would pull the potential of the bus as a whole to earth and would make it impossible to locate the fault.

Eine weitere vorteihafte Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist durch die Ausbildung der Signalsammelleitung als Spiralkabel gegeben. Diese Maßnahme erleichtert in erheblichem Maße die Adaption an der Zündanlage, wobei ein größeres Durchhängen der Signalsammelleitung vermieden wird. Unterschiedliche Abstände zwischen den Zündspulen oder den Verteilern sind ausgleichbar.Another advantageous further development of the device according to the invention is provided by the design of the signal bus as a spiral cable. This measure considerably simplifies the adaptation to the ignition system, with a greater sagging of the signal bus being avoided. Different distances between the ignition coils or the distributors can be compensated.

Eine Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Diagnosevorrichtung betrifft die Mittel zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung, die im einfachsten Fall dadurch realisierbar sind, daß die Signalsammelleitung um die Zündspule oder den Verteiler herum wenigstens einmal gewickelt ist. Die Signalsammelleitung ist somit identisch mit den Mitteln zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung.One embodiment of the diagnostic device according to the invention relates to the means for capacitive signal coupling, which can be implemented in the simplest case by the signal collecting line being wound around the ignition coil or the distributor at least once. The signal bus is therefore identical to the means for capacitive signal coupling.

Weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der erfindungsgemäßen Diagsosevorrichtung ergeben sich aus weiteren Unteransprüchen in Verbindung mit der folgenden Beschreibung.Further advantageous further developments and improvements of the diagnostic device according to the invention result from further subclaims in connection with the following description.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Figur zeigt eine Mehrspulen-Zündanlage mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Diagnosevorrichtung.The figure shows a multi-coil ignition system with a diagnostic device according to the invention.

Die Figur zeigt eine erste Zündspule 10 mit zwei sekundärseitigen Hochspannungsanschlüssen 12, 14. Innerhalb der Zündspule 10 ist das elektrische Ersatzschaltbild 16 gezeigt. Die erste Zündspule 10 weist zwei Primäranschlüsse 18 auf, die mit einer Primärwicklung 20 verbunden sind. Die beiden Enden der Sekundärwicklung 22 führen zu den beiden Hochspannungsanschlüssen 12, 14. An der ersten Zündspule 10 ist ein erstes Mittel 24 zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung zwischen der Zündspule 10 und einer Signalsammelleitung 26 angeordnet. Die kapazitive Kopplung ist durch einen ersten Kondensator 28 veranschaulicht. Da der erste Kondensator 28 nicht als separates Bauelement vorhanden ist, ist er in der Figur strichliniert eingetragen. Das erste Mittel 24 weist ein rohrförmiges Teil 30 auf, durch das die Signalsammelleitung 26 geführt ist. Zwischen dem Rohr 30 und der Signalsammelleitung 26 findet ebenfalls eine kapazitive Kopplung statt, die in der Figur durch den strichliniert gezeichneten zweiten Kondensator 32 angedeutet ist.The figure shows a first ignition coil 10 with two high-voltage connections 12, 14 on the secondary side. The electrical equivalent circuit diagram 16 is shown within the ignition coil 10. The first ignition coil 10 has two primary connections 18, which are connected to a primary winding 20. The two ends of the secondary winding 22 lead to the two high-voltage connections 12, 14. A first means 24 for capacitive signal coupling between the ignition coil 10 and a signal bus 26 is arranged on the first ignition coil 10. The capacitive coupling is illustrated by a first capacitor 28. Since the first capacitor 28 is not present as a separate component, it is shown in broken lines in the figure. The first means 24 has a tubular part 30 through which the signal bus 26 is guided. A capacitive coupling also takes place between the tube 30 and the signal collecting line 26, which is indicated in the figure by the second capacitor 32 shown in broken lines.

Die Datensammelleitung 26, an deren einem Ende ein Stecker 34 vorgesehen ist, führt zu einer zweiten Zündspule 36 mit einem sekundärseitigen Hochspannungsanschluß 38. Das elektrische Ersatzschaltbild 40 der zweiten Zündspule 36 zeigt eine Primärwicklung 42 mit primärseitigen Anschlüssen 44. Ein Anschluß einer Sekundärwicklung 46 ist mit einem der Primäranschlüsse 44 verbunden, während ein zweiter Anschluß der Sekundärwicklung 46 zum sekundärseitigen Hochspannungsanschluß 38 führt. An der zweiten Zündspule 36 sind zweite Mittel 48 zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung zwischen der zweiten Zündspule 36 und der Signalsammelleitung 26 vorgesehen. Die kapazitive Kopplung ist mit einem dritten Kondensator 50 angedeutet, der in der Figur strichliniert eingetragen ist, da er nicht als separates Bauelement vorhanden ist. Die zweiten Mittel 48 weisen ebenfalls ein rohrförmiges Teil 52 auf, durch das die Signalsammelleitung 26 geführt ist. Zwischen dem rohrförmigen Teil 52 und der Signalsammelleitung 26 findet eine weitere kapazitive Kopplung statt, die durch einen vierten Kondensator 54 angedeutet ist, der in der Figur strichliniert eingetragen ist.The data bus 26, at one end of which a plug 34 is provided, leads to a second ignition coil 36 with a secondary-side high-voltage connection 38. The electrical equivalent circuit 40 of the second ignition coil 36 shows a primary winding 42 with connections 44 on the primary side. A connection of a secondary winding 46 is also connected one of the primary connections 44 is connected, while a second connection of the secondary winding 46 leads to the secondary-side high-voltage connection 38. Second means 48 for capacitive signal coupling between the second ignition coil 36 and the signal bus 26 are provided on the second ignition coil 36. The capacitive coupling is indicated by a third capacitor 50, which is shown in broken lines in the figure, since it is not present as a separate component. The second means 48 also have a tubular part 52 through which the signal bus 26 is guided. A further capacitive coupling takes place between the tubular part 52 and the signal bus 26, which is indicated by a fourth capacitor 54, which is shown in broken lines in the figure.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Mehrspulen-Zündanlagen arbeitet folgendermaßen:
Die Signalsammelleitung 26 stellt einem Zündungsanalysator den Zündvorgängen entsprechende Signale zur Verfügung, der über den Stecker 34 angeschlossen werden kann. Die Signale der Zündanlage entsprechen den an den Zündspulen 10, 36 auftretenden Spannungen, die jeweils durch kapazitive Kopplung 28, 50 abgenommen werden. Obwohl in der Figur die kapazitiven Kopplungen 28, 50 jeweils zwischen den Sekundärwicklungen 22, 46 und den beiden Mitteln 24, 48 eingetragen sind, findet eine allgemeine Signalkopplung statt, die auch Signale jeweils der Primärwicklungen 20, 42 miterfaßt. Da die in den Sekundärwicklungen 22, 46 auftretenden Spannungen jedoch erheblich höher als die in den Primärwicklungen 20, 42 auftretenden Spannungen sind, werden auf der Signalsammelleitung 26 überwiegend Signale eingekoppelt, die den Sekundärspannungen entsprechen. Die Schaltung der Zündspulen 10, 36, deren Ersatzschaltbilder 16, 40 angegeben sind, ist von untergeordneter Bedeutung. Beispielsweise können Zündspulen mit einseitig geerdeter Hochspannungswicklung 46 und einem sekundärseitigen Hochspannungsanschluß 38 oder Sekundärwicklungen 22 mit jeweils zwei Hochspannungsanschlüssen 12, 14 an jedem Wicklungsende vorgesehen sein. Die erste Zündspule 10 ist demzufolge Teil einer Mehrspulen-Zündanlage mit Doppelfunkenzündspulen, während die zweite Zündspule 36 Teil eine Mehrspulen-Zündanlage mit Einfachfunken-Zündspulen ist. Die in der Figur zugänglich gezeigten Hochspannungsanschlüsse 12, 14; 38 können auf unzugängliche Weise direkt mit in der Figur nicht gezeigten Zündkerzen verbunden sein.
The device according to the invention for diagnosing multi-coil ignition systems works as follows:
The signal collecting line 26 provides an ignition analyzer with signals corresponding to the ignition processes, which can be connected via the plug 34. The signals of the ignition system correspond to the voltages occurring at the ignition coils 10, 36, which are each removed by capacitive coupling 28, 50. Although in the figure the capacitive couplings 28, 50 are entered between the secondary windings 22, 46 and the two means 24, 48, a general signal coupling takes place, which also detects signals from the primary windings 20, 42. However, since the voltages occurring in the secondary windings 22, 46 are considerable higher than the voltages occurring in the primary windings 20, 42, signals are predominantly coupled into the signal bus 26 which correspond to the secondary voltages. The switching of the ignition coils 10, 36, the equivalent circuit diagrams 16, 40 of which are given, is of minor importance. For example, ignition coils with a high-voltage winding 46 grounded on one side and a high-voltage connection 38 on the secondary side or secondary windings 22 with two high-voltage connections 12, 14 in each case can be provided at each winding end. The first ignition coil 10 is consequently part of a multi-coil ignition system with double-spark ignition coils, while the second ignition coil 36 is part of a multi-coil ignition system with single-spark ignition coils. The high-voltage connections 12, 14; 38 can be inaccessibly connected directly to spark plugs, not shown in the figure.

Die beiden Mittel 24, 48 zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung zwischen den Zündspulen 10, 36 und der Signalsammelleitung 26 sind vorzugsweise als metallisches Ansteckteil ausgebildet, das jeweils an die Zündspulen 10, 36 angepaßt ist. Die kapazitive Kopplung 28, 50 ist durch elektrisch leitende Flächen gegeben, die durch den Aufbau der Zündspule 10, 36 und der metallischen Fläche des Ansteckteils 24, 48 gegeben ist. Anstelle der in der Figur gezeigten unmittelbaren Anordnung der Ansteckteile 24, 48 an den Zündspulen 10, 36 ist auch eine Anordnung beispielsweise an Verteilergehäusen möglich, in die die Zündspulen 10, 36 integriert sind.The two means 24, 48 for capacitive signal coupling between the ignition coils 10, 36 and the signal bus 26 are preferably designed as a metal plug-in part, which is respectively adapted to the ignition coils 10, 36. The capacitive coupling 28, 50 is given by electrically conductive surfaces, which is given by the structure of the ignition coil 10, 36 and the metallic surface of the plug-in part 24, 48. Instead of the direct arrangement of the plug-on parts 24, 48 on the ignition coils 10, 36 shown in the figure, an arrangement is also possible, for example, on distributor housings in which the ignition coils 10, 36 are integrated.

In einer einfachen Ausgestaltung sind die Ansteckteile 24, 48 mit der Datensammelleitung 26 elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden. Die Signalsammelleitung 26 ist in diesem Fall beispielsweise durch Lötverbindungen oder Quetschverbindungen galvanisch mit den Ansteckteilen 24, 48 verbunden. Wesentliche Vorteile ergeben sich durch eine weitere kapazitive Kopplung 32, 54 zwischen den Ansteckteilen 24, 48 und der Signalsammelleitung 26. Eine einfache Realisierungsmöglichkeit dieser kapazitiven Kopplungen 32, 54 ist durch ein Festklemmen der Leitung 26 mit den Ansteckteilen 24, 48 ohne galvanische Verbindung gegeben. Das Festklemmen ist beispielsweise mittels Klammern oder mit einem in der Figur gezeigten rohrförmigen Teil 30, 52 möglich.In a simple embodiment, the plug-on parts 24, 48 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner with the data bus 26. In this case, the signal bus 26 is galvanically connected to the plug-in parts, for example by soldered connections or crimped connections 24, 48 connected. Significant advantages result from a further capacitive coupling 32, 54 between the plug-on parts 24, 48 and the signal bus 26. A simple implementation of these capacitive couplings 32, 54 is achieved by clamping the line 26 with the plug-on parts 24, 48 without a galvanic connection. Clamping is possible, for example, by means of clips or with a tubular part 30, 52 shown in the figure.

Die weiteren kapazitiven Kopplungen 32, 54 zwischen den Ansteckteilen 24, 48 und der Signalsammelleitung 26 bringen den Vorteil einer Verhinderung einer kapazitven Verkopplung zwischen den Zündspulen 10, 36 mit sich. Beispielsweise führt eine fehlerhafte Anordnung nur eines Ansteckteils 24, 48 an einer Zündspule 10, 36 nicht zum totalen Signalverlust an der Signalsammelleitung 26. Bei einem Kurzschluß gegen Masse nur eines Anstecksteils 24, 48 würde bei einer galvanischen Verbindung der Mittel 24, 48 das Potential der Signalsammelleitung 26 insgesamt auf Masse gezogen und elektrisch eine Fehlerortung unmöglich machen. Die weiteren kapazitiven Kopplungen 32, 54 ermöglichen dagegen mit Hilfe des am Stecker 34 angeschlossenen Zündanalysators unmittelbar ein Zuordnen eines fehlerhaften Anschlusses eines Ansteckteils 24, 48 zur betreffenden Zündspule 10, 36. Der Betrag der Koppelkapazitäten 32, 54 kann durch konstruktive Maßnahmen festgelegt werden.The further capacitive couplings 32, 54 between the plug-on parts 24, 48 and the signal bus 26 bring with them the advantage of preventing capacitive coupling between the ignition coils 10, 36. For example, a faulty arrangement of only one plug-on part 24, 48 on an ignition coil 10, 36 does not lead to a total signal loss at the signal bus 26 Total signal line 26 pulled to ground and electrically make fault location impossible. The further capacitive couplings 32, 54, on the other hand, enable the faulty connection of a plug-in part 24, 48 to the relevant ignition coil 10, 36 to be directly assigned with the aid of the ignition analyzer connected to the plug 34. The amount of the coupling capacitances 32, 54 can be determined by constructive measures.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung betrifft die kapazitven Kopplungen 28, 50 zwischen den Zündspulen 10, 36 und den beiden Mitteln 24, 48. Anstelle der Ansteckteile 24, 48 können die kapazitiven Kopplungen 28, 50 auch durch ein wenigstens einmaliges Herumwickeln der Signalsammelleitung 26 um die Zündspulen 10, 36 vorgesehen sein. Die Mittel 24, 48 zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung sind in diesem Fall als separates Teil nicht mehr erforderlich. Diese Ausgestaltung ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft einsetzbar, wenn die Signalsammelleitung 26 als Spiralkabel ausgebildet ist. Das dehnbare Spiralkabel paßt sich besonders gut an die unterschiedlichen Außenabmessungen der Zündspulen 10, 36 oder der Verteiler an, in die die Zündspulen 10, 36 integriert sind. Die Ausführung der Signalsammelleitung 26 als Spiralkabel weist ferner den Vorteil einer einfachen Adaption der erfindungsgemäßen Diagnosevorrichtung auf. Mit dem dehnbaren Spiralkabel erreicht man mehrere Meßpunkte mit unterschiedlichen Abständen ohne daß die Signalsammelleitung 26 durchhängt.A further embodiment relates to the capacitive couplings 28, 50 between the ignition coils 10, 36 and the two means 24, 48. Instead of the plug-on parts 24, 48, the capacitive couplings 28, 50 can also be wound around the ignition coils 10 by at least once winding the signal bus 26 , 36 may be provided. The means 24, 48 for capacitive signal coupling are no longer required as a separate part in this case. This configuration is can be used particularly advantageously if the signal bus 26 is designed as a spiral cable. The stretchable spiral cable adapts particularly well to the different external dimensions of the ignition coils 10, 36 or the distributor in which the ignition coils 10, 36 are integrated. The design of the signal bus 26 as a spiral cable also has the advantage of simple adaptation of the diagnostic device according to the invention. With the stretchable spiral cable you can reach several measuring points with different distances without the signal bus 26 sagging.

Der Betrag der Koppelkapazitäten 32, 54 kann mit der als Spiralkabel ausgebildeten Signalsammelleitung 26 durch Festlegung der Windungszahl in den rohrförmigen Teilen 30, 52 festgeglegt werden.The amount of the coupling capacitances 32, 54 can be determined with the signal bus 26 designed as a spiral cable by specifying the number of turns in the tubular parts 30, 52.

Claims (8)

Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Mehrspulen-Zündanlagen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Signalsammelleitung (26) vorgesehen ist, die Mittel (24, 48) zur kapazitiven Signalkopplung (28, 50) zwischen den Zündspulen (10, 36) und der Signalsammelleitung (26) miteinander verbindet und die an einem Ende einen Stecker (34) aufweist.Device for the diagnosis of multi-coil ignition systems, characterized in that a signal bus (26) is provided, the means (24, 48) for capacitive signal coupling (28, 50) between the ignition coils (10, 36) and the signal bus (26) with each other connects and which has a plug (34) at one end. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (24, 48) elektrisch leitend über die Signalsammelleitung (26) miteinander verbunden sind.Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the means (24, 48) are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner via the signal bus (26). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Mitteln (24, 48) und der Signalsammelleitung (26) jeweils weitere kapazitive Kopplungen (32, 54) vorgesehen sind.Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that further capacitive couplings (32, 54) are provided between the means (24, 48) and the signal bus (26). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die weiteren kapazitiven Kopplungen (32, 54) zwischen den Mitteln (24, 48) und der Signalsammelleitung (26) über rohrförmig ausgebildete Teile (30, 52) der Mittel (24, 48) stattfindet.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the further capacitive couplings (32, 54) between the means (24, 48) and the signal bus (26) take place via tubular parts (30, 52) of the means (24, 48). Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sammelleitung (26) als Spiralkabel ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collecting line (26) is designed as a spiral cable. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (24, 48) als Ansteckteile ausgebildet sind.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (24, 48) are designed as plug-on parts. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (24, 48) durch die Signalsammelleitung (26) selbst gegeben sind, die um die Zündspulen (10, 36) jeweils wenigstens einmal herumgewickelt ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the means (24, 48) are provided by the signal bus (26) itself, which is wound around the ignition coils (10, 36) at least once. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 und 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Betrag der Koppelkapazitäten (32, 54) der weiteren kapazitiven Kopplungen durch die Windungszahl des Spiralkabels (26) in den rohrförmigen Teilen (30, 52) jeweils festgelegt ist.Device according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the amount of the coupling capacitances (32, 54) of the further capacitive couplings is determined in each case by the number of turns of the spiral cable (26) in the tubular parts (30, 52).
EP91107260A 1990-06-13 1991-05-04 Diagnosis installation Expired - Lifetime EP0461384B1 (en)

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DE4018895A DE4018895C2 (en) 1990-06-13 1990-06-13 Diagnostic device
DE4018895 1990-06-13

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EP0461384A2 true EP0461384A2 (en) 1991-12-18
EP0461384A3 EP0461384A3 (en) 1994-01-19
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FR2732723B1 (en) * 1995-04-05 1997-06-20 Peugeot DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE OPERATING PHASE OF A MOTOR WITH SIMULTANEOUS IGNITION BY PAIRS OF CYLINDERS, PARTICULARLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4018895C1 (en) 1991-07-18
ES2100899T3 (en) 1997-07-01
DE59108672D1 (en) 1997-05-28
DE4018895C2 (en) 1997-10-09
EP0461384A3 (en) 1994-01-19
EP0461384B1 (en) 1997-04-23

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