EP0347525B1 - Optical aiming device, especially a main sighting telescope for an armoured tank - Google Patents

Optical aiming device, especially a main sighting telescope for an armoured tank Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0347525B1
EP0347525B1 EP89104880A EP89104880A EP0347525B1 EP 0347525 B1 EP0347525 B1 EP 0347525B1 EP 89104880 A EP89104880 A EP 89104880A EP 89104880 A EP89104880 A EP 89104880A EP 0347525 B1 EP0347525 B1 EP 0347525B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
mark
eyepiece
mirror
light source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP89104880A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0347525A3 (en
EP0347525A2 (en
Inventor
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Rexin
Heinrich-Joachim Dr.-Ing. Siebeneck
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Atlas Elektronik GmbH
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Atlas Elektronik GmbH
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Publication of EP0347525A2 publication Critical patent/EP0347525A2/en
Publication of EP0347525A3 publication Critical patent/EP0347525A3/en
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Publication of EP0347525B1 publication Critical patent/EP0347525B1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41GWEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/32Devices for testing or checking
    • F41G3/323Devices for testing or checking for checking the angle between the muzzle axis of the gun and a reference axis, e.g. the axis of the associated sighting device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical sighting device, in particular a main telescopic sight, for a main battle tank with a tubular weapon of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the field adjustment device is provided, by means of which a swiveling view mirror present in the optical target device can be adjusted in an orthogonal coordinate system in such a way that a reference symbol assigned to the tube muzzle of the tube weapon coincides with an adjustment mark present on the reticle. If there is a congruence between the reference symbol and the alignment mark, the barrel weapon is adjusted.
  • Such field adjustment is only possible during the day, since the reference symbol must be visible at the pipe mouth.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing an optical sighting device of the type mentioned at the outset so that field adjustment is possible even in poor lighting or darkness, that is to say the night vision capability of its field adjustment device is given.
  • the night vision capability of the field adjustment device is made possible by an artificial light source, the light of which is faded into the beam path of the aiming device via the one eyepiece of the biocular.
  • an artificial light source the light of which is faded into the beam path of the aiming device via the one eyepiece of the biocular.
  • Both the collimator symbol of a collimator installed on the tube mouth and an alignment mark on the reticle can be used as a reference symbol if a reflection mirror is attached to the tube mouth instead of the collimator.
  • the alignment mark is projected back onto the reticule by the reflection mirror, and its image can be brought into alignment with the alignment mark there by changing the position of the view mirror. If there is congruence between the image and the alignment mark, the view mirror is adjusted with respect to the pipe axis.
  • the Designing the field adjustment device as a simple mirror has a considerable price advantage over its design as a collimator, since the stability of a collimator, which is exposed to the shock load prevailing at the pipe mouth, can only be achieved with a high production outlay.
  • the optical aiming device shown in perspective in FIG. 1 forms the main telescopic sight of a main battle tank and is arranged in the rotatable armored turret. It has an eyepiece arm 10 with telescope optics 11, a reticule box 12 with an exchangeable reticule 13 (FIG. 3) and a mirror housing 14 in which the so-called viewing module 15 with a stabilized mirror head is accommodated.
  • the stabilized mirror head hereinafter referred to as the viewing mirror 16, is shown schematically in FIG. 3 and can be adjusted in two orthogonal axes, that is to say in side and height, by means of so-called field adjustment potentiometers, not shown here.
  • the viewing mirror 16 is adjusted so that the axis of the barrel weapon 17 (Fig.
  • a biocular 18 enables the gunner to see into the eyepiece arm 10 of the main riflescope.
  • the optical beam path of the main telescopic sight is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • the biocular is highlighted at 18, the reversing system at 35 and the telescope objective at 36.
  • the reticle 13 is arranged between the reversing system 35 and the telescope lens 36.
  • a deflection prism 19 is provided between graticule 13 and telescope objective 36. Telescope objective 36 and deflection prism 19 are part of the so-called connection assembly, which is accommodated in the reticle housing 12.
  • a field adjustment device 20 is provided for adjusting the main telescopic sight with respect to the barrel weapon 17, which allows the adjustment of the line of sight with the barrel core axis to be corrected and, if necessary, corrected in a relatively short time and without leaving the main battle tank.
  • the field adjustment device 20 has a collimator 21, which is indicated schematically in FIGS. 2 and 3 and is rigidly attached to the barrel weapon 17 directly at the barrel mouth 22.
  • the collimator 28 contains, in a known manner, a collimator symbol 23 (FIG. 5) in a housing, which is arranged in the focal point of a collimator lens, which is usually designed as a biconvex lens.
  • an illumination prism is provided in the housing, via which daylight or ambient light falls on the collimator symbol 23.
  • the viewing mirror 16 is pivoted into a fixed adjustment position shown in FIG. 2, in which it is aligned with the collimator 21 at the pipe mouth 22.
  • the gunner looks through the biocular 18 at the reticle 13 on which an alignment mark 24 (FIG. 5) is arranged.
  • the gunner sees, for example, the alignment mark 24 and the collimator symbol 23 in the position shown on the left in FIG. 5.
  • the adjustment potentiometer for the lateral and vertical displacement of the blocking-out mirror 16 the latter can now be adjusted until the collimator symbol 23 and the alignment mark 24 are in register with one another (FIG. 5, right).
  • the line of sight of the main riflescope and the tube core axis are aligned with each other and the adjustment process is completed.
  • the view mirror is pivoted back into its working position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2.
  • an artificial light source 25 (FIG. 4) is provided, which can be attached to one of the two viewing openings 18a or 18b and illuminates it. Both the collimator symbol 23 and the target mark 24 on the reticle 13 are thus visible to the gunner, who can carry out the adjustment process as described through the remaining viewing opening 18b or 18a of the biocular 18.
  • the light source 25 shown has an electric filament 26, which is connected via a connecting line 30 to a power source, not shown, and a tube 27, which on the one hand receives the filament 26 and, on the other hand, is placed on the one eyepiece of the biocular 18, surrounding its viewing opening 18a can be.
  • a tube 27 which on the one hand receives the filament 26 and, on the other hand, is placed on the one eyepiece of the biocular 18, surrounding its viewing opening 18a can be.
  • the one eyepiece of the biocular 18 is shown in dashed lines, the viewing opening is indicated by 18a.
  • a volume diffusion disk 28 and a biconvex lens 29 are arranged between the luminous element 26 and the viewing opening 18a of the one eyepiece of the biocular 18.
  • a pushbutton switch 31 for switching the lamp body 26 on or off is arranged in the connecting line 30 of the lamp body 26.
  • the pushbutton switch 31 projects into the interior of the tube 27 with a stylus 32, in parallel to its axial direction.
  • the stylus 32 is arranged so that when the tube 27 is slid onto an eyepiece of the biocular 18 it is axially displaced and thus closes the key switch 31, whereby the luminous element 26 is connected to the power source. If the tube 27 is removed from the eyepiece of the biocular 18, the stylus 32 is released and the key switch 31 opens automatically. The luminous element 26 is switched off. This ensures that the illumination is only active when the light source 25 is placed on the eyepiece.
  • An essential manufacturing simplification of the field adjustment device 20 is obtained if the collimator 21 at the tube mouth 22 is replaced by a well reflecting surface, for example by a simple plane mirror 33, as is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 2.
  • the plane mirror 33 is in the same way as the collimator 21 firmly connected to the barrel weapon 17, so that it is aligned approximately parallel to the viewing mirror 16 in its adjustment position.
  • the alignment mark 24 on the graticule 13 (FIG. 6) is reflected by the plane mirror 33 and imaged on the graticule 13. Your image is shown in dashed lines in Fig. 6 and designated 24 '. If this image 24 'is shifted relative to the alignment mark 24 (FIG. 6, left), the viewing mirror 16 is misaligned with respect to the barrel weapon 17.
  • the gunner looking through the biocular 18 during field adjustment observes a deposit of the image 24 'from the alignment mark 24, as shown in FIG. 6, on the left, then he has to adjust the view mirror 16 by means of the adjustment potentiometer until the image 24 'is in register with the alignment mark 24 (Fig. 6, right).
  • the night vision capability of the field adjustment device 20 provided with such a plane mirror 33 is ensured by the light source 25 according to FIG. 4 in the same way as described above.
  • FIG. 7 shows the reticle 13 with the target mark 34, the so-called NATO mark, and the alignment mark 24.
  • the alignment mark 24 is usually arranged laterally offset from the target mark 34.
  • the gunner as stated above, must observe the lateral alignment mark 24 and bring it in register with its image 24 (FIG. 6). This requires the gunner to consciously move away from the target 34 and to observe the left side field in the optics.
  • improved handling for the gunner during field adjustment is achieved if the target mark 34 itself is used as an adjustment mark for the adjustment.
  • the plane mirror 33 to be arranged accordingly on the barrel weapon 17.
  • a separate alignment mark 24 for field adjustment is then omitted.
  • Outlook mirror 16 and barrel weapon 17 are adjusted when the target mark 34 is congruent with its image in the adjustment position of the view mirror 16. The observation of the centrally located target 34 and its image facilitates the adjustment for the gunner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine optische Zieleinrichtung, insbesondere ein Hauptzielfernrohr, für einen Kampfpanzer mit Rohrwaffe der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention relates to an optical sighting device, in particular a main telescopic sight, for a main battle tank with a tubular weapon of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Bei solchen optischen Zieleinrichtung für Kampfpanzer besteht das Bedürfnis, die Justierung der Waffe, d.h. die Übereinstimmung von Rohrseelenachse mit der optischen Achse der Zieleinrichtung im Zielpunkt, ohne Sonderbetriebsmittel und ohne Verlassen des Kampfpanzers durchführen zu können. Hierzu ist die Feldjustiervorrichtung vorgesehen, mittels welcher ein in der optischen Zieleinrichtung vorhandener schwenkbarer Ausblickspiegel in einem orthogonalen Koordinatensystem so eingestellt werden kann, daß ein der Rohrmündung der Rohrwaffe zugeordnetes Referenzzeichen sich mit einer auf der Strichplatte vorhandenen Justiermarke deckt. Ist Kongruenz von Referenzzeichen und Justiermarke gegeben, so ist die Rohrwaffe justiert. Eine solche Feldjustierung ist aber nur am Tage möglich, da das Referenzzeichen an der Rohrmündung sichtbar sein muß.With such an optical target device for battle tanks, there is a need to be able to carry out the adjustment of the weapon, ie the correspondence of the barrel core axis with the optical axis of the target device at the target point, without special equipment and without leaving the battle tank. For this purpose, the field adjustment device is provided, by means of which a swiveling view mirror present in the optical target device can be adjusted in an orthogonal coordinate system in such a way that a reference symbol assigned to the tube muzzle of the tube weapon coincides with an adjustment mark present on the reticle. If there is a congruence between the reference symbol and the alignment mark, the barrel weapon is adjusted. Such field adjustment is only possible during the day, since the reference symbol must be visible at the pipe mouth.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine optische Zieleinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, daß eine Feldjustierung auch bei schlechter Beleuchtung oder Dunkelheit möglich, also die Nachtsichtfähigkeit ihrer Feldjustiervorrichtung gegeben ist.The invention is based on the object of designing an optical sighting device of the type mentioned at the outset so that field adjustment is possible even in poor lighting or darkness, that is to say the night vision capability of its field adjustment device is given.

Die Aufgabe ist bei einer optischen Zieleinrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 definierten Gattung erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale im Kennzeichenteil des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.In an optical target device of the type defined in the preamble of claim 1, the object is achieved according to the invention by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zieleinrichtung wird die Nachtsichtfähigkeit der Feldjustiervorrichtung durch eine künstliche Lichtquelle ermöglicht, deren Licht über das eine Okular des Biokulars in den Strahlengang der Zieleinrichtung eingeblendet wird. Hierdurch werden auch bei Dunkelheit die Justier- und Zielmarken auf der Strichplatte sowie das Referenzzeichen gut sichtbar und können durch das verbleibende freie Okular von dem Bedienenden Betrachtet werden.In the aiming device according to the invention, the night vision capability of the field adjustment device is made possible by an artificial light source, the light of which is faded into the beam path of the aiming device via the one eyepiece of the biocular. As a result, the alignment and target marks on the reticle as well as the reference symbol are clearly visible even in the dark and can be viewed by the operator through the remaining free eyepiece.

Als Referenzzeichen kann sowohl das Kollimatorzeichen eines an der Rohrmündung installierten Kollimators verwendet werden, als auch eine auf der Strichplatte vorhandene Justiermarke, wenn anstelle des Kollimators auf der Rohrmündung ein Reflexionsspiegel befestigt wird. Die Justiermarke wird von dem Reflexionsspiegel auf die Strichplatte zurückprojiziert, und ihr Abbild kann dort durch Veränderung der Lage des Ausblickspiegels in Übereinstimmung mit der Justiermarke gebracht werden. Ist Kongruenz von Abbild und Justiermarke vorhanden, so ist der Ausblickspiegel bezüglich der Rohrachse justiert. Die Ausbildung der Feldjustiervorrichtung als einfacher Spiegel hat gegenüber deren Ausbildung als Kollimator einen erheblichen preislichen Vorteil, da die Standfestigkeit eines Kollimators, welcher der an der Rohrmündung herrschenden Schockbelastung ausgesetzt ist, nur mit hohem Fertigungsaufwand erreicht werden kann.Both the collimator symbol of a collimator installed on the tube mouth and an alignment mark on the reticle can be used as a reference symbol if a reflection mirror is attached to the tube mouth instead of the collimator. The alignment mark is projected back onto the reticule by the reflection mirror, and its image can be brought into alignment with the alignment mark there by changing the position of the view mirror. If there is congruence between the image and the alignment mark, the view mirror is adjusted with respect to the pipe axis. The Designing the field adjustment device as a simple mirror has a considerable price advantage over its design as a collimator, since the stability of a collimator, which is exposed to the shock load prevailing at the pipe mouth, can only be achieved with a high production outlay.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der optischen Zieleinrichtung mit vorteilhaften Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen.Advantageous embodiments of the optical target device with advantageous developments and refinements of the invention result from the further claims.

Die Erfindung ist anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen im folgenden näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Hauptzielfernrohrs eines Kampfpanzers,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer Draufsicht des Turms eines Kampfpanzers mit Rohrwaffe und der Ausblickbaugruppe und Feldjustiervorrichtung der optischen Zieleinrichtung,
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung des optischen Strahlengangs der Zieleinrichtung bei aktivierter Feldjustiervorrichtung,
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt einer Lichtquelle mit Tubus zum Ansetzen an ein Okular der optischen Zieleinrichtung,
Fig. 5
ausschnittweise eine Draufsicht einer Strichplatte der optischen Zieleinrichtung während des Justiervorgangs mit einer einen Kollimator aufweisenden Feldjustiervorrichtung bei nicht justierter Rohrwaffe links und justierter Rohrwaffe rechts,
Fig. 6
ausschnittweise eine Draufsicht einer Strichplatte der optischen Zieleinrichtung während des Justiervorgangs mit einer einen Reflexionsspiegel aufweisenden Feldjustiervorrichtung bei nicht justierter Rohrwaffe links und justierter Rohrwaffe rechts.
Fig. 7
eine Draufsicht der Strichplatte mit Ziel- und Justiermarke.
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show:
Fig. 1
1 shows a perspective illustration of a main telescopic sight of a main battle tank,
Fig. 2
1 shows a schematic representation of a top view of the turret of a main battle tank with a tube weapon and the view assembly and field adjustment device of the optical aiming device,
Fig. 3
1 shows a schematic representation of the optical beam path of the target device when the field adjustment device is activated,
Fig. 4
2 shows a cross section of a light source with a tube for attachment to an eyepiece of the optical aiming device,
Fig. 5
Detail of a plan view of a reticle of the optical aiming device during the adjustment process with a field adjustment device having a collimator with the tube weapon not adjusted on the left and the tube weapon adjusted on the right,
Fig. 6
Detail of a plan view of a reticle of the optical aiming device during the adjustment process with a field adjustment device having a reflection mirror with the tube weapon not adjusted on the left and the tube weapon adjusted on the right.
Fig. 7
a plan view of the reticle with target and alignment mark.

Die in Fig. 1 perspektivisch dargestellte optische Zieleinrichtung bildet des Hauptzielfernrohr eines Kampfpanzers und ist im drehbaren Panzerturm angeordnet. Es weist einen Okulararm 10 mit einer Fernrohroptik 11, einen Strichplattenkasten 12 mit austauschbarer Strichplatte 13 (Fig. 3) und ein Spiegelgehäuse 14 auf, in welchem die sog. Ausblickbaugruppe 15 mit stabilisiertem Spiegelkopf untergebracht ist. Der stabilisierte Spiegelkopf, im folgenden Ausblickspiegel 16 genannt, ist in Fig. 3 schematisch dargestellt und kann in zwei orthogonalen Achsen, also in Seite und Höhe über hier nicht dargestellte sog. Feldjustierpotentiometer eingestellt werden. Dabei wird der Ausblickspiegel 16 so justiert, daß sich die Achse der Rohrwaffe 17 (Fig.2 und 3) des Kampfpanzers, auch Rohrseelenachse genannt, in einer Entfernung von ca. 1500 m mit der optischen Achse des Hauptzielfernrohrs, der sog. Sichtlinie, schneidet. Der Einblick in den Okulararm 10 des Hauptzielfernrohrs wird dem Richtschützen durch ein Biokular 18 ermöglicht. Der optische Strahlengang des Hauptzielfernrohrs ist in Fig. 3 schematisch dargestellt. Von der Fernrohroptik 11 ist dabei mit 18 das Biokular, mit 35 das Umkehrsystem und mit 36 das Fernrohrobjektiv schematisch herausgestellt. Zwischen Umkehrsystem 35 und Fernrohrobjektiv 36 ist die Strichplatte 13 angeordnet. Zwischen Strichplatte 13 und Fernrohrobjectiv 36 ist ein Umlenkprisma 19 vorgesehen. Fernrohrobjectiv 36 und Umlenkprisma 19 sind Teil der sog. Verbindungsbaugruppe, die im Strichplattengehäuse 12 untergebracht ist.The optical aiming device shown in perspective in FIG. 1 forms the main telescopic sight of a main battle tank and is arranged in the rotatable armored turret. It has an eyepiece arm 10 with telescope optics 11, a reticule box 12 with an exchangeable reticule 13 (FIG. 3) and a mirror housing 14 in which the so-called viewing module 15 with a stabilized mirror head is accommodated. The stabilized mirror head, hereinafter referred to as the viewing mirror 16, is shown schematically in FIG. 3 and can be adjusted in two orthogonal axes, that is to say in side and height, by means of so-called field adjustment potentiometers, not shown here. The viewing mirror 16 is adjusted so that the axis of the barrel weapon 17 (Fig. 2 and 3) of the main battle tank, also called the barrel core axis, in a distance of approx. 1500 m with the optical axis of the main riflescope, the so-called line of sight. A biocular 18 enables the gunner to see into the eyepiece arm 10 of the main riflescope. The optical beam path of the main telescopic sight is shown schematically in FIG. 3. Of the telescope optics 11, the biocular is highlighted at 18, the reversing system at 35 and the telescope objective at 36. The reticle 13 is arranged between the reversing system 35 and the telescope lens 36. A deflection prism 19 is provided between graticule 13 and telescope objective 36. Telescope objective 36 and deflection prism 19 are part of the so-called connection assembly, which is accommodated in the reticle housing 12.

Zum Justieren des Hauptzielfernrohrs bezüglich der Rohrwaffe 17 ist eine Feldjustiervorrichtung 20 vorgesehen, die es erlaubt, in relativ kurzer Zeit und ohne Verlassen des Kampfpanzers die Justierung der Sichtlinie mit der Rohrseelenachse zu überprüfen und ggf. zu korrigieren. Hierzu weist die Feldjustiervorrichtung 20 einen in Fig. 2 und 3 schematisch angedeuteten Kollimator 21 auf, der starr auf der Rohrwaffe 17 unmittelbar an der Rohrmündung 22 befestigt ist. Der Kollimator 28 enthält in bekannter Weise in einem Gehäuse ein Kollimatorzeichen 23 (Fig. 5), das im Brennpunkt einer Kollimatoroptik angeordnet ist, die meist als bikonvexe Linse ausgebildet ist. Zur Beleuchtung des Kollimatorzeichens 23 ist im Gehäuse ein Beleuchtungsprisma vorgesehen, über welches Tages- oder Umgebungslicht auf das Kollimatorzeichen 23 fällt.A field adjustment device 20 is provided for adjusting the main telescopic sight with respect to the barrel weapon 17, which allows the adjustment of the line of sight with the barrel core axis to be corrected and, if necessary, corrected in a relatively short time and without leaving the main battle tank. For this purpose, the field adjustment device 20 has a collimator 21, which is indicated schematically in FIGS. 2 and 3 and is rigidly attached to the barrel weapon 17 directly at the barrel mouth 22. The collimator 28 contains, in a known manner, a collimator symbol 23 (FIG. 5) in a housing, which is arranged in the focal point of a collimator lens, which is usually designed as a biconvex lens. To illuminate the collimator symbol 23, an illumination prism is provided in the housing, via which daylight or ambient light falls on the collimator symbol 23.

Bei der Feldjustierung wird der Ausblickspiegel 16 in eine in Fig. 2 dargestellte feste Justierlage geschwenkt, in welcher er auf den Kollimator 21 an der Rohrmündung 22 ausgerichtet ist. Der Richtschütze betrachtet durch das Biokular 18 die Strichplatte 13, auf welcher eine Justiermarke 24 (Fig. 5) angeordnet ist. Bei dejustiertem Hauptzielrohr sieht der Richtschütze beispielsweise die Justiermarke 24 und das Kollimatorzeichen 23 in der in Fig. 5 links dargestellten Lage. Durch Betätigen der Justierpotentiometer zur seitlichen und vertikalen Verschiebung des Ausblockspiegels 16 kann nunmehr letzterer so verstellt werden, bis das Kollimatorzeichen 23 und die Justiermarke 24 in Deckung miteinander sind (Fig. 5 rechts). Damit ist die Sichtlinie des Hauptzielfernrohrs und die Rohrseelenachse zueinander ausgerichtet und der Justiervorgang beendet. Der Ausblickspiegel wird in seine in Fig. 2 strichliniert dargestellte Arbeitsstellung zurückgeschwenkt.During field adjustment, the viewing mirror 16 is pivoted into a fixed adjustment position shown in FIG. 2, in which it is aligned with the collimator 21 at the pipe mouth 22. The gunner looks through the biocular 18 at the reticle 13 on which an alignment mark 24 (FIG. 5) is arranged. When the main aiming tube is out of alignment, the gunner sees, for example, the alignment mark 24 and the collimator symbol 23 in the position shown on the left in FIG. 5. By actuating the adjustment potentiometer for the lateral and vertical displacement of the blocking-out mirror 16, the latter can now be adjusted until the collimator symbol 23 and the alignment mark 24 are in register with one another (FIG. 5, right). The line of sight of the main riflescope and the tube core axis are aligned with each other and the adjustment process is completed. The view mirror is pivoted back into its working position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2.

Die vorstehend beschriebene Feldjustierung des Hauptzielfernrohrs ist nur bei Tageslicht möglich, da bei Dämmerung oder Dunkelheit weder das Kollimatorzeichen 23 noch die Justiermarke 24 durch das Biokular 18 zu erkennen sind. Um auch die Nachtsichtfähigkeit der Feldjustiervorrichtung 20 sicherzustellen, ist eine künstliche Lichtquelle 25 (Fig. 4) vorgesehen, welche an eine der beiden Einblicköffnungen 18a oder 18b angesetzt werden kann und diese beleuchtet. Damit wird sowohl das Kollimatorzeichen 23 als auch die Zielmarke 24 auf der Strichplatte 13 für den Richtschützen sichtbar, der durch die verbleibende Einblicköffnung 18b bzw. 18a des Biokulars 18 den Justiervorgang wie beschrieben durchführen kann. Die in Fig. 4 im Längsschnitt dargestellte Lichtquelle 25 weist einen elektrischen Leuchtkörper 26, der über eine Anschlußleitung 30 an einer nicht dargestellten Stromquelle angeschlossen ist, und einen Tubus 27 auf, der einerseits den Leuchtkörper 26 aufnimmt und andererseits auf das einen Okular des Biokulars 18, dessen Einblicköffnung 18a umschließend, aufgesetzt werden kann. In Fig. 4 ist das eine Okular des Biokulars 18 strichliniert dargestellt, dessen Einblicköffnung mit 18a angedeutet ist. Zwischen dem Leuchtkörper 26 und der Einblicköffnung 18a des einen Okulars des Biokulars 18 ist eine Volumenstreuscheibe 28 und eine Bikonvexlinse 29 angeordnet. In der Anschlußleitung 30 des Leuchtkörpers 26 ist ein Tastschalter 31 zum Ein- oder Ausschalten des Leuchtkörpers 26 angeordnet. Der Tastschalter 31 ragt mit einem Taststift 32 in das Innere des Tubus' 27 hinein, und zwar parallel zu dessen Achsrichtung. Der Taststift 32 ist so angeordnet, daß er beim Aufschieben des Tubus' 27 auf das eine Okular des Biokulars 18 axial verschoben wird und damit den Tastschalter 31 schließt, wodurch der Leuchtkörper 26 an die Stromquelle angeschlossen wird. Wird der Tubus 27 vom Okular des Biokulars 18 abgenommen, so wird der Taststift 32 freigegeben und der Tastschalter 31 öffnet selbsttätig. Der Leuchtkörper 26 ist abgeschaltet. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß die Beleuchtung nur bei auf das Okular aufgesetzter Lichtquelle 25 aktiv ist.The field adjustment of the main riflescope described above is only possible in daylight, since neither the collimator symbol 23 nor the alignment mark 24 can be recognized by the biocular 18 at dusk or in the dark. In order to also ensure the night vision capability of the field adjustment device 20, an artificial light source 25 (FIG. 4) is provided, which can be attached to one of the two viewing openings 18a or 18b and illuminates it. Both the collimator symbol 23 and the target mark 24 on the reticle 13 are thus visible to the gunner, who can carry out the adjustment process as described through the remaining viewing opening 18b or 18a of the biocular 18. The in Fig. 4 in longitudinal section The light source 25 shown has an electric filament 26, which is connected via a connecting line 30 to a power source, not shown, and a tube 27, which on the one hand receives the filament 26 and, on the other hand, is placed on the one eyepiece of the biocular 18, surrounding its viewing opening 18a can be. In Fig. 4 the one eyepiece of the biocular 18 is shown in dashed lines, the viewing opening is indicated by 18a. A volume diffusion disk 28 and a biconvex lens 29 are arranged between the luminous element 26 and the viewing opening 18a of the one eyepiece of the biocular 18. A pushbutton switch 31 for switching the lamp body 26 on or off is arranged in the connecting line 30 of the lamp body 26. The pushbutton switch 31 projects into the interior of the tube 27 with a stylus 32, in parallel to its axial direction. The stylus 32 is arranged so that when the tube 27 is slid onto an eyepiece of the biocular 18 it is axially displaced and thus closes the key switch 31, whereby the luminous element 26 is connected to the power source. If the tube 27 is removed from the eyepiece of the biocular 18, the stylus 32 is released and the key switch 31 opens automatically. The luminous element 26 is switched off. This ensures that the illumination is only active when the light source 25 is placed on the eyepiece.

Eine wesentliche fertigungstechnische Vereinfachung der Feldjustiervorrichtung 20 ergibt sich, wenn der Kollimator 21 an der Rohrmündung 22 durch eine gut reflektierende Fläche, beispielsweise durch einen einfachen Planspiegel 33, ersetzt wird, wie dieser in Fig. 2 strichpunktiert angedeutet ist. Der Planspiegel 33 wird in gleicher Weise wie der Kollimator 21 fest mit der Rohrwaffe 17 verbunden, so daß er in etwa parallel zu dem in seiner Justierstellung befindlichen Ausblickspiegel 16 ausgerichtet ist. Die Justiermarke 24 auf der Strichplatte 13 (Fig. 6) wird von dem Planspiegel 33 reflektiert und auf der Strichplatte 13 abgebildet. Ihr Abbild ist in Fig. 6 strichliniert dargestellt und mit 24′ bezeichnet. Ist dieses Abbild 24′ gegenüber der Justiermarke 24 verschoben (Fig. 6, links), so ist der Ausblickspiegel 16 bezüglich der Rohrwaffe 17 dejustiert. Beobachtet der bei der Feldjustierung durch das Biokular 18 blickende Richtschütze eine Ablage des Abbildes 24′ von der Justiermarke 24, wie dies in Fig. 6, links dargestellt ist, so hat er den Ausblickspiegel 16 mittels der Justierpotentiometer so lange zu verstellen, bis das Abbild 24′ in Deckung mit der Justiermarke 24 ist (Fig. 6, rechts). Die Nachtsichtfähigkeit der mit einem solchen Planspiegel 33 versehenen Feldjustiervorrichtung 20 ist durch die Lichtquelle 25 gemäß Fig. 4 in gleicher Weise sichergestellt, wie vorstehend beschrieben.An essential manufacturing simplification of the field adjustment device 20 is obtained if the collimator 21 at the tube mouth 22 is replaced by a well reflecting surface, for example by a simple plane mirror 33, as is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 2. The plane mirror 33 is in the same way as the collimator 21 firmly connected to the barrel weapon 17, so that it is aligned approximately parallel to the viewing mirror 16 in its adjustment position. The alignment mark 24 on the graticule 13 (FIG. 6) is reflected by the plane mirror 33 and imaged on the graticule 13. Your image is shown in dashed lines in Fig. 6 and designated 24 '. If this image 24 'is shifted relative to the alignment mark 24 (FIG. 6, left), the viewing mirror 16 is misaligned with respect to the barrel weapon 17. If the gunner looking through the biocular 18 during field adjustment observes a deposit of the image 24 'from the alignment mark 24, as shown in FIG. 6, on the left, then he has to adjust the view mirror 16 by means of the adjustment potentiometer until the image 24 'is in register with the alignment mark 24 (Fig. 6, right). The night vision capability of the field adjustment device 20 provided with such a plane mirror 33 is ensured by the light source 25 according to FIG. 4 in the same way as described above.

In Fig. 7 ist die Strichplatte 13 mit Zielmarke 34, der sog. NATO-Strichmarke, und der Justiermarke 24 dargestellt. Dabei ist üblicherweise die Justiermarke 24 seitlich versetzt von der Zielmarke 34 angeordnet. Bei der Feldjustierung muß der Richtschütze, wie vorstehend ausgeführt, die seitliche Justiermarke 24 beobachten und sie mit ihrem Abbild 24′ in Deckung bringen (Fig. 6). Das erfordert von dem Richtschützen eine bewußte Abkehr von der Zielmarke 34 und eine Beobachtung des linken Seitenfeldes in der Optik. Dagegen wird eine verbesserte Handhabung für den Richtschützen bei der Feldjustierung erzielt, wenn zur Justierung die Zielmarke 34 selbst als Justiermarke verwendet wird. Hierzu ist der Planspiegel 33 entsprechend auf der Rohrwaffe 17 anzuordnen. Eine gesonderte Justiermarke 24 zur Feldjustierung entfällt dann. Ausblickspiegel 16 und Rohrwaffe 17 sind justiert, wenn in der Justierlage des Ausblickspiegels 16 die Zielmarke 34 mit ihrem Abbild deckungsgleich ist. Die Beobachtung der zentral angeordneten Zielmarke 34 und deren Abbild erleichtert die Justierung für den Richtschützen.7 shows the reticle 13 with the target mark 34, the so-called NATO mark, and the alignment mark 24. The alignment mark 24 is usually arranged laterally offset from the target mark 34. During field adjustment, the gunner, as stated above, must observe the lateral alignment mark 24 and bring it in register with its image 24 (FIG. 6). This requires the gunner to consciously move away from the target 34 and to observe the left side field in the optics. In contrast, improved handling for the gunner during field adjustment is achieved if the target mark 34 itself is used as an adjustment mark for the adjustment. For this purpose, the plane mirror 33 to be arranged accordingly on the barrel weapon 17. A separate alignment mark 24 for field adjustment is then omitted. Outlook mirror 16 and barrel weapon 17 are adjusted when the target mark 34 is congruent with its image in the adjustment position of the view mirror 16. The observation of the centrally located target 34 and its image facilitates the adjustment for the gunner.

Claims (7)

  1. Optical aiming device, especially a main sighting telescope, for an armoured tank with barrel weapon, having a binocular eyepiece for a gunner, a reticule with target and adjustment mark, an adjustable reflector mirror to align the optical axis in relation to the axis of the barrel, and having a field adjusting device for aligning the mirror to a reference mark allocated to the mouth of the barrel weapon, characterised in that said field adjusting device (20) has an artificial light source (25), which illuminates one eyepiece (18a) of the binocular (18) during alignment.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the field adjusting device (20) has a collimator (21) rigidly disposed on the barrel weapon (17) at its mouth (22), said collimator (21) comprising the reference mark (23) in a housing and an optical lens system disposed in front of the reference mark (23) in the path of the rays towards the reflector mirror (16).
  3. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the field adjusting device (20) has a plane mirror (33) which is rigidly secured to the barrel weapon (17) at its mouth, and that the reference mark is formed from the image of an adjusting mark (35) which is projected by the plane mirror onto the reticule (13).
  4. Device according to Claim 3, characterised in that the target mark (34) on the reticule (13) represents the adjusting mark.
  5. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the light source (25) is held in a tube (27) open to one side, which may be positioned on the one eyepiece (18a) of the binocular (18), e.g. may be slipped or swivelled onto same.
  6. Device according to Claim 5, characterised in that an electric pushbutton switch (31) is arranged on the body of the tube (27) to switch on the light source (25), the contact pin (32) of said switch (31) may be pushed in to close a switching contact when the tube (27) is slipped onto the eyepiece (18a) of the binocular (18).
  7. Device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that a biconvex lens (29) is disposed in the body of the tube (27) between the light source (26) and the opening of said tube.
EP89104880A 1988-06-22 1989-03-18 Optical aiming device, especially a main sighting telescope for an armoured tank Expired - Lifetime EP0347525B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8808024U 1988-06-22
DE8808024U DE8808024U1 (en) 1988-06-22 1988-06-22 Optical aiming device, in particular main telescopic sight, for a battle tank

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0347525A2 EP0347525A2 (en) 1989-12-27
EP0347525A3 EP0347525A3 (en) 1990-07-04
EP0347525B1 true EP0347525B1 (en) 1993-11-24

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ID=6825247

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89104880A Expired - Lifetime EP0347525B1 (en) 1988-06-22 1989-03-18 Optical aiming device, especially a main sighting telescope for an armoured tank

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0347525B1 (en)
DE (2) DE8808024U1 (en)
DK (1) DK165856C (en)
NO (1) NO169507C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105487247A (en) * 2015-12-04 2016-04-13 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 Optical sensor bending part adjustment and installation system and method

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4425692C2 (en) * 1994-07-20 1997-09-18 Krauss Maffei Ag Device for checking the axis position of the optical axes of a weapon system
RU2739331C1 (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-12-22 Акционерное общество "Конструкторское бюро приборостроения им. академика А.Г. Шипунова" Method of aligning optical axes of sights and weapons of combat vehicles weapons system and system for their implementation
FR3118156B1 (en) 2020-12-23 2022-12-30 Nexter Systems HARMONIZATION DEVICE FOR SIGHTING MEANS COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE ILLUMINATION MEANS AND HARMONIZATION METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH A DEVICE

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU6697874A (en) * 1973-03-28 1975-09-25 Commonwealth Of Australia, The Optical collimating alignment units
DE2631814C2 (en) * 1976-07-15 1983-04-28 Eltro GmbH, Gesellschaft für Strahlungstechnik, 6900 Heidelberg Device for the automatic harmonization or alignment of the lines of sight of at least two observation devices
CH619296A5 (en) * 1976-11-17 1980-09-15 John Lorenz Weibull Aiming device for firing directly at moving targets
FR2414184A1 (en) * 1978-01-06 1979-08-03 Sopelem FIRE CONDUCT DEVICE

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105487247A (en) * 2015-12-04 2016-04-13 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 Optical sensor bending part adjustment and installation system and method
CN105487247B (en) * 2015-12-04 2018-02-13 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 A kind of optical sensor is turned back part assembling & adjusting system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK165856B (en) 1993-01-25
EP0347525A3 (en) 1990-07-04
NO891606L (en) 1989-12-27
DE8808024U1 (en) 1988-10-27
DE58906236D1 (en) 1994-01-05
DK301389A (en) 1989-12-23
NO169507B (en) 1992-03-23
NO891606D0 (en) 1989-04-19
DK301389D0 (en) 1989-06-19
DK165856C (en) 1993-06-21
EP0347525A2 (en) 1989-12-27
NO169507C (en) 1992-07-01

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