EP0229551A1 - Seal using a multifilament cable - Google Patents

Seal using a multifilament cable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0229551A1
EP0229551A1 EP86402669A EP86402669A EP0229551A1 EP 0229551 A1 EP0229551 A1 EP 0229551A1 EP 86402669 A EP86402669 A EP 86402669A EP 86402669 A EP86402669 A EP 86402669A EP 0229551 A1 EP0229551 A1 EP 0229551A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seal
strands
cable
signature
loop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP86402669A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Beaubron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0229551A1 publication Critical patent/EP0229551A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F3/03—Forms or constructions of security seals
    • G09F3/0376—Forms or constructions of security seals using a special technique to detect tampering, e.g. by ultrasonic or optical means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-strand cable seal.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing an extremely simple, inexpensive and easy-to-use seal.
  • the invention takes up the conventional technique of the cable seal forming a loop passing through the object to be sealed, the two ends of the loop being united in a body of solid material which bears the mark enabling the seal to be identified. .
  • a non-reproducible signature one proceeds, in accordance with the invention, as follows.
  • the cable is formed by several strands each comprising several strands. Due to their twist in the strands, the strands fray at the two ex cable hoppers and this spatial distribution of the different strands is random.
  • the body which joins the two ends is then a molded part which immobilizes the different strands. This piece is polished on the face where the ends of the strands are flush.
  • the signature of the seal is then formed by the random distribution of the ends of the strands outcropping on this surface. Given the great complexity of strand distribution, it is practically impossible to reproduce a given seal.
  • the integrity of the seal of the invention is then checked immediately: it is enough to take a photographic photograph of the polished surface of the seal as soon as it is formed and then at any time to compare the appearance of this surface with the reference image .
  • This comparison can be made by any means: either by eye, or by taking a second photograph and comparing it with the reference photograph. We can also, in the latter case, superimpose the negative of one of the shots with the positive of the other and check that we obtain a uniform gray. If there is no identity between the two seals, we get bright or dark dots that stand out from the background of the image. It is also possible to use digital processing techniques: each photograph is analyzed by scanning, the analysis signals are digitized and then compared digitally.
  • Such checks can be carried out at any place and at any time: just before and just after the transport of a container, periodically in a storage place, etc.
  • FIG 1 we see a part of a container 10 containing two plates 12 and 14 pierced with openings 16, 18 through which passes a cable 20.
  • This cable is formed of N strands of n strands each, or in total Nxn strands.
  • the two ends of the cable are united in a mold 22, which is for example a sheath made of flexible material and this mold is filled with resin 24 with rapid setting.
  • the resins used for the preparation of metallographic samples are well suited in this regard.
  • the type 605 resin sold by LAM-PLAN can be used; it hardens in five minutes at room temperature.
  • the ends of the strands fray in space in an unpredictable distribution, which depends on each cable. After hardening, the various strands are immobilized in the resin and their ends pass through the upper surface 26 of the molding.
  • FIG. 3 shows the final shape of the polished surface 26: a large number of points are distributed randomly in a circle.
  • FIG. 3 purely by way of illustration, there is shown a configuration corresponding to 3 strands of 8 strands each to simplify the representation, but in practice it is possible to use cables having a hundred strands.
  • Figure 4 finally, illustrates a possible assembly for taking a picture of the surface of the body of the seal.
  • a tube 30 provided with a window 32 and a semi-reflecting plate 34 is used for this.
  • the body of a seal 24 is placed and at the other end a macro photography objective 38 associated with a photographic camera 40.
  • Ambient light or coming from a projector penetrates into the tube 30 by the window 32 is partially reflected on the blade 34 and illuminates the surface 26 of the body of the seal. The camera can then take a picture of this surface.
  • the multiple advantages of the seal of the invention - it is very simple and its cost is low (each seal costs a few francs); - the signature is only created during the sealing, and not during the industrial manufacture of the seal; - the signature is very difficult, not to say impossible, to reproduce, because of the large number of strands of the cable (about a hundred) and the almost infinite number of positions that these strands can take; - the comparison of the signatures between two geographically distant points (case of transport) or at the same point at different times (case of periodic inspection) can be done by very simple techniques (photographic in particular).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Collating Specific Patterns (AREA)

Abstract

This seal comprises a cable (20) which passes through the article (10) to be sealed and forms a loop. This cable is formed from strands, each comprising a plurality of filaments. The seal body joining the two ends of the loop is formed by a resin matrix (24) with a polished face (26) with which the ends of the various filaments are flush. The signature of the seal consists of a random distribution of the ends on the polished face (26). The invention is used for the monitoring of containers containing nuclear materials in particular. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un sceau à câble multibrins.The present invention relates to a multi-strand cable seal.

Elle trouve une application dans le contrôle de l'intégrité de conteneurs contenant des matières précieuses, des documents confidentiels, des matières nucléaires, etc...It finds an application in the control of the integrity of containers containing precious materials, confidential documents, nuclear materials, etc.

On sait que dans ce dernier domaine en par­ticulier, de nombreux travaux ont été effectués pour mettre au point des sceaux permettant de contrôler en permanence des fûts contenant des déchets nucléaires. Le problème à résoudre consiste à créer, d'une manière ou d'une autre, une signature permettant d'identifier le sceau, cette signature devant être suffisamment complexe pour n'être pas reproductible. Ces travaux ont abouti à des dispositifs utilisant par exemple des dispositifs ultrasons ou à fibres optiques. Bien qu'intéressants à certains égards, ces sceaux sont en fait très sophistiqués et onéreux.We know that in this last area in particular, a lot of work has been done to develop seals making it possible to permanently check drums containing nuclear waste. The problem to be solved consists in creating, in one way or another, a signature making it possible to identify the seal, this signature having to be complex enough not to be reproducible. This work resulted in devices using, for example ultrasonic or fiber optic devices. While interesting in some ways, these seals are actually very sophisticated and expensive.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un sceau extrêment simple, peu cher et de mise en oeuvre aisée.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing an extremely simple, inexpensive and easy-to-use seal.

A cette fin, l'invention reprend la techni­que classique du sceau à câble formant une boucle passant dans l'objet à sceller, les deux extrémités de la boucle étant réunies dans un corps en matière solide qui porte la marque permettant d'identifier le sceau. Pour constituer une signature non reproducti­ble, on s'y prend, conformément à l'invention, comme suit. Le câble est formé de plusieurs torons compre­nant chacun plusieurs brins. Du fait de leur torsion dans les torons, les brins s'effilochent aux deux ex­ trémités du câble et cette répartition dans l'espace des différents brins est aléatoire. Le corps qui réunit les deux extrémités est alors une pièce moulée qui immobilise les différents brins. Cette pièce est polie sur la face où les extrémités des brins affleu­rent. La signature du sceau est alors constituée par la répartition aléatoire des extrémités des brins affleurant sur cette surface. Etant donné la grande complexité de la distribution des brins, il est prati­quement impossible de reproduire un sceau donné.To this end, the invention takes up the conventional technique of the cable seal forming a loop passing through the object to be sealed, the two ends of the loop being united in a body of solid material which bears the mark enabling the seal to be identified. . To constitute a non-reproducible signature, one proceeds, in accordance with the invention, as follows. The cable is formed by several strands each comprising several strands. Due to their twist in the strands, the strands fray at the two ex cable hoppers and this spatial distribution of the different strands is random. The body which joins the two ends is then a molded part which immobilizes the different strands. This piece is polished on the face where the ends of the strands are flush. The signature of the seal is then formed by the random distribution of the ends of the strands outcropping on this surface. Given the great complexity of strand distribution, it is practically impossible to reproduce a given seal.

Le contrôle de l'intégrité du sceau de l'in­vention est alors immédiat : il suffit de prendre un cliché photographique de la surface polie du sceau dès sa formation puis de comparer à tout moment l'aspect de cette surface à l'image de référence. Cette compa­raison peut se faire par tout moyen : soit à l'oeil, soit en prenant un second cliché et en le comparant avec le cliché de référence. On peut d'ailleurs, dans ce dernier cas, superposer le négatif d'un des clichés avec le positif de l'autre et vérifier que l'on ob­tient un gris uniforme. En cas de non identité entre les deux sceaux, on obtient des points brillants ou sombres qui se détachent du fond de l'image. On peut aussi procéder par des techniques de traitement numé­rique : chaque photographie est analysée par balayage, les signaux d'analyse sont numérisés puis comparés de manière numérique.The integrity of the seal of the invention is then checked immediately: it is enough to take a photographic photograph of the polished surface of the seal as soon as it is formed and then at any time to compare the appearance of this surface with the reference image . This comparison can be made by any means: either by eye, or by taking a second photograph and comparing it with the reference photograph. We can also, in the latter case, superimpose the negative of one of the shots with the positive of the other and check that we obtain a uniform gray. If there is no identity between the two seals, we get bright or dark dots that stand out from the background of the image. It is also possible to use digital processing techniques: each photograph is analyzed by scanning, the analysis signals are digitized and then compared digitally.

De tels contrôles peuvent s'effectuer en tout lieu et à tout moment : juste avant et juste après le transport d'un conteneur, périodiquement dans un lieu de stockage, etc...Such checks can be carried out at any place and at any time: just before and just after the transport of a container, periodically in a storage place, etc.

On observera que dans une technique comme celle de l'invention, le vol du cliché de référence n'est en fait d'aucune utilité pour un fraudeur car la connaissance de la distribution des brins ne permet pas, pratiquement, de reconstituer un sceau ayant la même distribution.It will be observed that in a technique like that of the invention, the theft of the reference shot is in fact of no use for a fraudster because knowledge of the distribution of the strands does not allow not, practically, to reconstitute a seal having the same distribution.

De toutes façon, les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront mieux après la description qui suit, d'exemples de réalisation donnés à titre explicatif et nullement limitatif. Cette des­cription se réfère des dessins annexés sur les­quels :

  • - la figure 1 représente un sceau conforme à l'invention au moment de sa formation,
  • - la figure 2 représente le sceau dans sa forme définitive,
  • - la figure 3 représente l'allure de la sur­face où affleurent les différents brins du câble,
  • - la figure 4 illustre un montage possible pour la prise de clichés de la surface du corps du sceau.
In any case, the characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better after the description which follows, of embodiments given by way of explanation and in no way limiting. This description refers to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a seal according to the invention at the time of its formation,
  • - Figure 2 shows the seal in its final form,
  • FIG. 3 represents the appearance of the surface on which the various strands of the cable are flush,
  • - Figure 4 illustrates a possible assembly for taking pictures of the surface of the body of the seal.

Sur la figure 1, on voit une partie d'un conteneur 10 contenant deux plaques 12 et 14 percées d'ouvertures 16, 18 dans lesquelles passe un câble 20. Ce câble est formé de N torons de n brins chacun, soit au total Nxn brins. Pour former le corps du sceau, on réunit les deux extrémités du câble dans un moule 22, qui est par exemple une gaine en matière souple et l'on remplit ce moule avec de la résine 24 à prise rapide. Les résines utilisées pour la préparation d'échantillons métallographiques conviennent bien à cet égard. A titre d'exemple, on peut utiliser la résine type 605 commercialisée par LAM-PLAN ; elle durcit en cinq minutes à température ambiante.In Figure 1, we see a part of a container 10 containing two plates 12 and 14 pierced with openings 16, 18 through which passes a cable 20. This cable is formed of N strands of n strands each, or in total Nxn strands. To form the body of the seal, the two ends of the cable are united in a mold 22, which is for example a sheath made of flexible material and this mold is filled with resin 24 with rapid setting. The resins used for the preparation of metallographic samples are well suited in this regard. By way of example, the type 605 resin sold by LAM-PLAN can be used; it hardens in five minutes at room temperature.

Du fait de la torsion des brins dans les torons, les extrémités de ces derniers s'effilochent dans l'espace selon une répartition imprévisible, qui dépend de chaque câble. Aprés durcissement, les divers brins se trouvent immobilisés dans la résine et leurs extrémités traversent la surface supérieure 26 du moulage.Due to the twist of the strands in the strands, the ends of the strands fray in space in an unpredictable distribution, which depends on each cable. After hardening, the various strands are immobilized in the resin and their ends pass through the upper surface 26 of the molding.

Sur la figure 2, on retrouve les mêmes éléments, le moule 22 ayant été supprimé. Lorsque celui-ci est une gaine souple, on peut le découper au scalpel. Les extrémités des brins sont alors coupées et la face 26 est polie. Cette opération peut être manuelle. On peut utiliser pour cela du papier abrasif (l'utilisation d'un papier de finesse 80 suivi d'un papier de finesse 240 s'avère suffisante).In Figure 2, we find the same elements, the mold 22 having been deleted. When it is a flexible sheath, it can be cut with a scalpel. The ends of the strands are then cut and the face 26 is polished. This can be done manually. Abrasive paper can be used for this (the use of fineness paper 80 followed by fineness paper 240 is sufficient).

La figure 3 montre l'allure définitive de la surface polie 26 : un nombre important de points sont répartis aléatoirement dan un cercle. Sur la figure 3, à titre purement illustratif, on a représenté une configuration correspondant à 3 torons de 8 brins chacun pour simplifier la représentation, mais en pra­tique on peut utiliser des câbles possédant une centaine dee brins.FIG. 3 shows the final shape of the polished surface 26: a large number of points are distributed randomly in a circle. In FIG. 3, purely by way of illustration, there is shown a configuration corresponding to 3 strands of 8 strands each to simplify the representation, but in practice it is possible to use cables having a hundred strands.

Si l'on voulait découper le corps du sceau pour conserver sa partie caractéristique, il faudrait reconstituer la partie enlevée du corps par un sur­moulage. Cette opération laisserait inévitablement des traces à l'extérieur du corps, à l'endroit de la jonction entre les deux pièces. Par ailleurs, si la résine est transparente, il apparaîtrait immédiate­ment à l'oeil que les brins sont discontinus et que la distribution extérieure des extrmités ne correspond pas à la distribution intérieure. Au moindre doute d'ailleurs, une radiographie du corps du sceau pour­raît être effectuée pour mettre en évidence ces dis­continuités et le caractère contrefait du sceau.If one wanted to cut the body of the seal to keep its characteristic part, it would be necessary to reconstitute the part removed from the body by an overmolding. This would inevitably leave marks outside the body, where the two pieces meet. Furthermore, if the resin is transparent, it would immediately appear to the eye that the strands are discontinuous and that the external distribution of the ends does not correspond to the internal distribution. If there is any doubt, an X-ray of the body of the seal could be carried out to highlight these discontinuities and the counterfeit character of the seal.

La figure 4 enfin, illustre un montage possible pour la prise d'un cliché de la surface du corps du sceau. On utilise pour cela un tube 30 muni d'une fenêtre 32 et d'une lame semi-réfléchissante 34. A une extrémité du tube, on place le corps d'un sceau 24 et à l'autre extrémité un objectif de macrophoto­graphie 38 associé à un appareil photographique 40. La lumière ambiante (ou issue d'un projecteur) pénètre dans le tube 30 par la fenêtre 32, se réfléchit par­tiellement sur la lame 34 et vient illuminer la surface 26 du corps du sceau. L'appareil photographi­que peut alors prendre un cliché de cette surface.Figure 4 finally, illustrates a possible assembly for taking a picture of the surface of the body of the seal. A tube 30 provided with a window 32 and a semi-reflecting plate 34 is used for this. At one end of the tube, the body of a seal 24 is placed and at the other end a macro photography objective 38 associated with a photographic camera 40. Ambient light (or coming from a projector) penetrates into the tube 30 by the window 32 is partially reflected on the blade 34 and illuminates the surface 26 of the body of the seal. The camera can then take a picture of this surface.

Toute prise ultérieure de clichés aux fins de vérification s'effectue à l'aide du même disposi­tif.Any subsequent taking of photographs for verification purposes is carried out using the same device.

On comprend mieux aprés cette description les multiples avantages du sceau de l'invention :
- il est d'une grande simplicité et son coût est modique (chaque sceau revient à quelques francs) ;
- la signature n'est créée que lors du scel­lement, et non pas lors de la fabrication industrielle du sceau ;
- la signature est très difficile, pour ne pas dire impossible, à reproduire, en raison du grand nombre de brins du câble (une centaine environ) et du nombre quasi infini de positions que ces brins peuvent prendre ;
- la comparaison des signatures entre deux points géographiquement distants (cas d'un transport) ou en un même point à des instants différents (cas d'une inspection périodique) peut s'effectuer par des techniques très simples (photographiques notamment). Il n'est d'ailleurs pas exclu d'employer des techni­ques plus complexes si un doute se fait jour (radio­graphie) ;
- l'utilisation des techniques photographi­ques (et notamment de l'agrandissement) permet de s'affranchir de la température ; en effet ce n'est pas au diamètre ou aux autres dimensions du sceau que l'on s'intéresse, mais à la position de points les uns par rapport aux autres. Il suffit alors de jouer sur l'agrandissement pour superposer deux clichés de tailles différentes.We understand better after this description the multiple advantages of the seal of the invention:
- it is very simple and its cost is low (each seal costs a few francs);
- the signature is only created during the sealing, and not during the industrial manufacture of the seal;
- the signature is very difficult, not to say impossible, to reproduce, because of the large number of strands of the cable (about a hundred) and the almost infinite number of positions that these strands can take;
- the comparison of the signatures between two geographically distant points (case of transport) or at the same point at different times (case of periodic inspection) can be done by very simple techniques (photographic in particular). It is moreover not excluded to use more complex techniques if a doubt arises (radiography);
- the use of photographic techniques (and in particular enlargement) makes it possible to overcome temperature; indeed it is not the diameter or other dimensions of the seal that we is interested, but in the position of points relative to each other. It is then enough to play on the enlargement to superimpose two photos of different sizes.

Claims (2)

1. Sceau comprenant un câble (20) en forme de boucle passant dans un objet à sceller (10), les deux extrémités de la boucle étant réunies dans un corps portant une signature identifiant le sceau, ca­ractérisé par le fait que le câble (20) est formé de plusieurs torons comprenant chacun plusieurs brins, tous ces brins s'épanouissant aux deux extrémités du câble de manière aléatoire, le corps (24) qui réunit ces deux extrémités immobilisant ces brins et étant poli sur une face (26) où les extrémités des brins affleurent, la signature du sceau étant constituée par la répartition aléatoire des extrémités des brins af­fleurant sur cette surface.1. Seal comprising a cable (20) in the form of a loop passing through an object to be sealed (10), the two ends of the loop being joined in a body bearing a signature identifying the seal, characterized in that the cable (20 ) is formed of several strands each comprising several strands, all these strands opening out at both ends of the cable in a random manner, the body (24) which joins these two ends immobilizing these strands and being polished on one face (26) where the ends of the strands are flush, the signature of the seal being formed by the random distribution of the ends of the strands flush on this surface. 2. Sceau selon la revendication 1, caracté­risé par le fait que le corps (24) est en résine mou­lée.2. Seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (24) is made of molded resin.
EP86402669A 1985-12-04 1986-12-02 Seal using a multifilament cable Ceased EP0229551A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8517938A FR2591013B1 (en) 1985-12-04 1985-12-04 MULTI-STRAND CABLE SEAL AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SEAL
FR8517938 1985-12-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0229551A1 true EP0229551A1 (en) 1987-07-22

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ID=9325433

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86402669A Ceased EP0229551A1 (en) 1985-12-04 1986-12-02 Seal using a multifilament cable

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EP (1) EP0229551A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62174789A (en)
FR (1) FR2591013B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LT4347B (en) 1996-06-10 1998-05-25 Shacko D.O.O. Safety seal
US11691298B2 (en) 2018-06-15 2023-07-04 Henricus Johannes Adrianus STUIJT Reduction unit, arm joint provided with two or three reduction units respectively, and a robot arm
DE102023101576A1 (en) 2023-01-23 2024-07-25 Hochschule Kaiserslautern, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Safety device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4945738A (en) * 1989-11-14 1990-08-07 Houston Industries Incorporated Meter box locks

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA879071A (en) * 1968-09-17 1971-08-24 Sesame Industries Limited Weftless tape
US3790198A (en) * 1970-06-11 1974-02-05 Kernforshung Mbh Ges Self-locking safety seal and method of identifying tampering therewith
US4106849A (en) * 1976-10-18 1978-08-15 Stieff Lorin R Fiber optic seal
EP0147328A2 (en) * 1983-12-29 1985-07-03 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Optical sealing device of a container, and method of detecting tampering using this device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA879071A (en) * 1968-09-17 1971-08-24 Sesame Industries Limited Weftless tape
US3790198A (en) * 1970-06-11 1974-02-05 Kernforshung Mbh Ges Self-locking safety seal and method of identifying tampering therewith
US4106849A (en) * 1976-10-18 1978-08-15 Stieff Lorin R Fiber optic seal
EP0147328A2 (en) * 1983-12-29 1985-07-03 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Optical sealing device of a container, and method of detecting tampering using this device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LT4347B (en) 1996-06-10 1998-05-25 Shacko D.O.O. Safety seal
US11691298B2 (en) 2018-06-15 2023-07-04 Henricus Johannes Adrianus STUIJT Reduction unit, arm joint provided with two or three reduction units respectively, and a robot arm
DE102023101576A1 (en) 2023-01-23 2024-07-25 Hochschule Kaiserslautern, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Safety device
WO2024156310A1 (en) 2023-01-23 2024-08-02 Hochschule Kaiserslautern Securing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2591013B1 (en) 1988-10-28
FR2591013A1 (en) 1987-06-05
JPS62174789A (en) 1987-07-31

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