DE8702188U1 - Planter - Google Patents

Description

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EHpl.-Phy*. HelnriA Seid« · PatftiUmvctt · Btcntcdt« Htthe 18 · PcMtfadi SlOS. 6200 WtwiuKtai 1, Description

The invention relates to a planter whose bottom wall has bottom wall areas forming a horizontal support surface and bottom wall areas raised relative to this support surface, in which irrigation and drainage holes are provided.

In today's plant breeding technology, various irrigation methods are used for cultures kept in plant containers, namely both bottom irrigation methods and top irrigation methods. There are various bottom irrigation methods:

a) Sand bed irrigation systems, in which the plant containers are placed in a porous irrigation and drainage bed, which was originally made of sand and is subsequently supplemented by nonwoven films or Fleece mats are formed. Water is added to the sand bed or the fleece mat or fleece film from time to time and in the meantime the water is given the opportunity to drain away. The irrigation of the culture kept in the plant container is carried out by The bottom of the planter has water and drainage holes. Since water cannot rise from the sand bed or the fleece mat or fleece foil, this irrigation method can only be used with planters whose bottom wall is in the position surface or just above the footprint Has water and drainage holes so that water from the sand bed or the fleece film or fleece mat can get into the interior of the planter.

b) damming methods (ebb and flow irrigation), in which the plant containers are placed in a all around extending, raised edge closed

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Dlpl.-Phyt. Heinrich Seid! · Patent Attorney ■ BleriUdter Höhe IS · Pottfadt 5105 · «200 Wiesbaden l.f(0ilU)HNU

The planters are placed in a bowl and this bowl is filled with water from time to time to a desired level, with the water being drained off in the intermediate tents and the possibility of water drainage being provided. Irrigation is carried out by the water accumulated in the bowl penetrating through the watering and drainage holes formed at the bottom of the planters and moistening the crops from below. When the water is then drained from the bowl, excess water from the planter seeps back into the bowl. This irrigation system requires that the planters to be used have watering and drainage holes that lead to these watering and drainage holes at a distance above the base and from the circumference of the planter.

has supply and drainage channels, c) gutter irrigation methods, in which the plant containers are placed in gutters that are flushed with water from time to time. When the gutters are flushed, the bottom area of the plant containers is also flushed. For this irrigation method, too, only plant containers can be used that have watering and drainage holes at a distance above the level of the base and access and drainage channels in their bottom leading to these watering and drainage holes.

In addition to sprinkling or watering the crops, drip irrigation is also considered for top-side irrigation. With any top-side irrigation, the plant pot has drainage holes in its base to drain excess water. It is important that the drainage holes in the base of the plant pot are at a distance from the surface so that the water can drain away even when the plant pot is placed on a smooth surface.

DlpL-Phy·. Httnikh Seid· · Patent Attorney · Bltr·tadttr Hdh« IS · Portfolio S1O0 · 4M· Wliibwtm X ·

can escape. It is also important that water drainage channels are present under the bottom of the planter or on the underside of the bottom, extending from the drainage holes to the circumference of the planter.

There are various types of planters known, but they can only be used in practice with one irrigation method. For example, there are planters known that have irrigation and drainage holes in them. Radially inwardly extending base wall areas are attached to the base circumference, forming the ceiling of niche-like recesses in the base area of the planter. These watering and drainage holes do not come into contact with water-carrying devices in sand bed irrigation systems. systems or nonwoven films and nonwoven mats. On the other hand, plant containers are known in which the bottom wall has water and drainage holes and is designed with edge parts or support lugs in its perimeter and thus at a certain distance above the level of the base Even with these well-known plant pots, the possibility of supplying water in sand bed irrigation systems or with fleece foil or fleece mats is doubtful and uncertain. On the other hand, with these latter well-known plant pots, the distance between the and drainage holes from the floor level of the Planter is so small that soil and roots can collect between the bottom wall* and the base, for example in the bowl of impoundment irrigation systems, which can prevent access for water during impoundment irrigation. systems and gutter irrigation systems.

It has already been suggested that planters of the type specified above should have watering and drainage holes

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which extend vertically from a raised bottom wall area downwards to a bottom wall area lying in the same plane as the planter, with the irrigation and drainage holes above the entire width and height of grooves formed in the floor wall. The watering and drainage holes should be arranged in such a way that they are offset at an angle to the channels in the floor wall leading to these grooves, so that no

1&udigr; channels directly hits the irrigation and drainage holes and could possibly wash soil out of the interior of the planter. However, it has been found that this proposed arrangement of the irrigation and drainage holes allows the water supplied to flow into the grooves formed in the bottom of the planter. Most of the water is led past the watering and drainage holes and only a small part passes into the interior of the plant pot. This is particularly evident when the water is led more or less past the plant pots to be watered, as is the case with gutter irrigation systems.

Inadequate irrigation is particularly likely with this proposed arrangement of the irrigation and drainage holes if soil and roots from the irrigation and drainage holes get into the holes in the bottom of the planter. formed grooves.

The object of the invention is therefore to significantly improve plant containers of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that they can be used in any irrigation system, be it soil irrigation or top irrigation, and ensure reliable, reproducible, precise water supply and reliable water drainage with any irrigation method, even when water is merely passed through, and offer improved ventilation conditions from the bottom.

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This object is achieved according to the invention in that the raised bottom wall areas of the plant container are designed in the form of grooves that are open downwards on the outside of the bottom wall and that irrigation and drainage holes extending over the entire height of these grooves into the base of the plant container are provided in the walls of these grooves, namely at the end of such grooves or in the wall areas opposite the end of such grooves.

The vertical extension of such irrigation and drainage

holes in conjunction with their location at the end of water supply grooves or in wall areas facing the end of such water supply grooves, the effective supply and drainage of water through the irrigation and drainage holes in any type of irrigation system is ensured. ensured. The vertical extension of the irrigation and drainage holes ensures access to water both at a certain distance above the planter's base level and in direct contact with the ground. The arrangement of these irrigation and drainage holes at the end of the Water supply grooves or wall sections that are opposite the end of such water supply grooves ensure that the water coming through such water supply grooves is also led directly to the irrigation and drainage holes and no longer bypasses them.

As practice has shown, there is no danger that this direct arrangement at the end or opposite the end of a water supply groove could lead to water being introduced into the planter with too much pressure or in too large a quantity or that soil could be washed out of the planter could.

By arranging the watering and drainage holes at the end or opposite the end of a water supply groove, during periods in which these grooves are at least partially free of water, improved air access is achieved through the watering and drainage holes, which also serve as ventilation holes.

DipWhy·. Heinrich SeM*. Patent Attorney · Bientadter Hübe 15.Postfedt 5105. 6MO Wiesbaden 1 · 9 (061») 3«20M

Drainage holes are provided to the interior of the planter. The invention also makes the production of the planters cheaper because the watering and drainage holes can be installed in a simple, inexpensive manner at the end of water supply grooves or in hand parts in opposite the end of water supply grooves.

In one embodiment of the invention, the raised bottom wall areas are designed in the form of at least an annular groove and connecting grooves extending radially outward from this annular groove. Under this prerequisite, according to the invention, irrigation and drainage holes should be provided at the junctions of connecting grooves in the annular groove or annular grooves in the area of the respective Connecting groove opposite wall areas of the annular groove.

In another embodiment of the invention, the raised wall areas are designed in the form of partial annular grooves and radially extending from these partial annular grooves. outwardly extending to the base circumference. Under this condition, according to the invention, watering and drainage holes should be arranged at the ends of the partial ring grooves. Finally, within the scope of the invention, an embodiment with formation of the raised floor wall areas in the form of radially extending grooves. In such an embodiment, according to the invention, irrigation and drainage holes are to be provided at the radially inward end of the radially extending grooves.

The grooves can have a substantially triangular cross-section. A trapezoidal cross-section or a cross-section in the form of a circular section is also possible. In this way, the cross-sectional area of the grooves formed in the bottom of the planter can be relatively

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large without having to use shapes that make the production of the planter more difficult. In addition, the cross-sectional shapes mentioned above prevent angled areas on the inside of the planter base, in which rot could form or other substances harmful to the root system and the substrate, etc. could accumulate. The irrigation and drainage holes arranged at the end of the grooves can have the same cross-section as the grooves. Such irrigation and drainage holes can be are particularly easy to manufacture because they are simply formed by the lack of the end wall on the respective groove. Similarly, the irrigation and drainage holes arranged in grooves opposite wall areas can have essentially the same cross-sectional shape as the opposite In general, however, it is preferred to give the irrigation and drainage holes that are located at the end of grooves opposite wall areas as simple a cross-sectional shape as possible, for example a circular one.

U Within the scope of the invention, additional watering and drainage openings can be arranged in at least one ring-shaped base wall area, which is divided into fields by connecting grooves and is located in the base area. This makes it possible to achieve a corresponding adjustment of the watering and drainage effectiveness of the plant container according to the invention in sand bed irrigation systems or the use of nonwoven films and nonwoven mats compared to the irrigation effectiveness in damming methods and channel irrigation methods. The arrangement of the watering and drainage holes according to the invention at the ends of water guide grooves or wall parts opposite the end of water guide grooves improves the watering and drainage effectiveness of the plant container according to the invention in damming methods and channel irrigation methods.

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significantly increased, while this arrangement of the irrigation and drainage holes for sand bed irrigation systems and the use of nonwoven films and nonwoven mats has no significant influence. The additional irrigation and drainage openings in at least one ring-shaped area of the base result in an increase in the irrigation and drainage effectiveness of the plant pot according to the invention for sand bed irrigation systems and the use of nonwoven films or nonwoven mats, so that this brings it into line with the irrigation and drainage effectiveness of the plant pot according to the invention achieved with damming methods and gutter irrigation methods. The plant pot according to the invention equipped with such additional irrigation and drainage openings can be pre-determined and designed for a desired or specified irrigation and drainage effectiveness for any soil irrigation system.

In order to make the watering and drainage holes at the end of grooves or opposite wall areas more effective both for sand bed irrigation methods and for irrigation methods with very high water supply, it is advisable to design the watering and drainage holes in such a way that they can be integrated with hole areas in the adjacent wall areas of the planter.

IS lying bottom wall areas. The irrigation and drainage holes arranged at the junction of connecting grooves in an annular groove should also have at their raised area from the base of the planter engaging in upper wall parts of the respective connecting groove

JO hole areas.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

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DlpL-Phyi. Heinrich Seid· · Patent Attorney · Blcrita'd'tcr H6n*e 18 Voitfadi 8108 ■ 6200 Wteabadm 1 · 9 (06111) 86 20 M

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Fig. 1 shows a planter according to the invention in side view;

Fig. 2 the planter according to figure 1 in bottom view;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial section along line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Fig. 4 a planter according to the invention in

modified version in lower

Fig. 5 another embodiment of the inventive

Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the planter according to the invention in a bottom view; Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of the planter according to the invention in a bottom view.

In the examples shown, the planter 10 is made of thin-walled thermoplastic material, for example deep-drawn or injection-molded.

The planter 10 has a bottom wall 11 and a peripheral wall 12, which extend to the upper part of the vessel

13 is conically widened. In the examples shown, j the bottom wall 11 has bottom wall areas lying in one plane which together cover the footprint of the planter 10

and thus in a more or less horizontal

Level 14. In the example of the figures

1 to 3, the base wall 11 has an inner circular base wall area 15 and outer base wall fields 16. All of these base wall areas 15 and 16 lie in the storage area plane 14. They are separated from each other by a concentric annular groove 17 and which extends radially to connecting grooves 18 extending to the outer circumference of the base wall 11. These connecting grooves 18 open inwards into the annular groove 17 and outwards at the vessel circumference. Depending on the size of the plant vessel 10, three to eight, for example

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four such connecting grooves 18 can be provided. As Figures 1 and 3 show, both the connecting grooves 18 and the annular groove 17 have a triangular cross-section, whereby the groove depth is essentially the same but the groove widths can be different. Instead of the triangular cross-section, a trapezoidal cross-section or a cross-section in the form of a circular segment could also be provided.

In the area of the annular groove 17, in the groove wall area which is opposite the mouth of a connecting groove 18, One water and one drainage hole 19 are provided. These Irrigation and drainage holes 19 penetrate the bottom wall and the wall of the annular groove 17 opposite the junction of the connecting groove 18. The irrigation and drainage holes 19 engage with an area 20a into the central circular bottom wall area 15 and with the hole area 20b into the upper wall parts of the opposite connecting groove 18. In this way, each irrigation and drainage hole 19 has a vertical extension in addition to its horizontal extension from the storage area level to a distance from the storage area level 14 that corresponds to the height of the ring channel 17 and the connecting channel 18. In the floor wall panels 16, irrigation and drainage openings 21 are installed, which are designed as simple circular holes in the

floor wall.

In the example of Figure 4, the bottom wall 11 of the plant container 10 is designed with an inner annular groove 17a and four outer partial annular grooves 17c arranged concentrically thereto. In this example, four connecting grooves 18a are provided, which extend from the outer circumference of the bottom wall 11 to the inner annular groove 17a, while for each partial annular groove 17c a connecting groove 18a is provided which extends from the outer circumference of the bottom wall 11 to the respective partial annular groove 17c.

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extending connecting groove 18c is provided.

The irrigation and drainage holes 19 are arranged on the inner annular groove 17a in the same way as in the example in Figures 1 to 3. In contrast, each of the partial annular grooves 17c is provided with an irrigation and drainage hole 19 at each end, which has an approximately circular cross-section in the example in Figure 4. In the example in Figure 4, a larger circular irrigation and drainage opening 21 is provided in the middle base wall area i5, while circular irrigation and drainage openings 21 of smaller diameter are formed in the base wall fields 16a formed between the annular channel 17a and the partial annular channels 17c.

In the example of Figure 5, the bottom wall 11 of the plant container 10 is provided with two concentric ring channels 17a and 17b, which are connected to each other and to the external environment of the plant container 10 via connecting channels 18a, wherein the connecting channels 18a cross the outer ring channel 17b.

As in the example in Figure 1, irrigation and drainage holes 19 are provided in the inner ring channel at the junctions of the connecting channels 18a in the wall area of the ring channel 17a opposite the end of the respective connecting channel 18a.

In addition, additional connecting channels 18b open into the outer ring channel 17b, but do not extend beyond the outer ring channel 17b. In the illustration in Figure 5, these additional connecting channels 18b are arranged eccentrically with respect to the distances between the connecting channels 18a. In practice, however, any arrangement can be provided, for example the central arrangement of an additional connecting channel.

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channel 18b between two adjacent connecting channels 18a. In a manner analogous to the example according to Figures 1 to 3, irrigation and drainage holes 19 are also provided in the outer ring channel 17b at the mouths of the additional connecting channels 18b, and also in the wall of the ring channel 17b opposite the respective additional connecting channel 18b with hole areas reaching into the respective bottom wall panels 16a and into the upper wall parts of the additional connecting channels 18b.

In the example of Figure 5, irrigation and drainage openings 21 are also provided in the level of the storage area, namely an irrigation and drainage opening 21 of larger diameter in the middle floor wall area 15, one each Irrigation and drainage opening 21 of smaller diameter in each bottom wall field 16a, which is formed between the inner ring channel 17a, the outer ring channel 17b and two adjacent connecting channels 18a. Furthermore, irrigation and drainage openings 21 are also provided in the outer Floor wall panels 16b are provided which lie outside the outer ring channel 17b between a connecting channel 18a and a connecting channel 18b.

In the example of Figure 6, radially extending grooves 18a and 18b are formed in the bottom wall 11 of the plant container 10, namely in the form of radial channels 18a extending further radially inwards and radial channels 16b extending less far inwards. These grooves or channels 18a and 18b can have a triangular or trapezoidal cross-section. However, they can also have a cross-section in the form of a circular section. The radially inward end of these radial grooves or channels 18a and 18b is open and thus forms a watering and drainage hole 19a, which in this example

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has essentially the same cross-sectional shape as the respective radial channel 18a or 18b. However, these watering and drainage holes 19a also have hole areas 20a with which they extend into the adjacent area of the base wall lying in the plane of the storage area. In this example, additional watering and drainage openings 21 are also provided, namely a central watering and drainage opening 21 of larger diameter and watering and drainage openings 21 of smaller diameter arranged between the radial grooves or channels 18a and 18b.

In the example in Figure 7, the bottom wall 11 of the plant container 10 is provided with two concentric ring channels 17a and 17b. From the outer circumference of the bottom wall 11, Example: four connecting channels 18b to the outer ring channel 17b. At the point where each of these connecting channels 18b joins the outer ring channel 17b, there is an irrigation and drainage hole 19, which in terms of design and arrangement corresponds to the irrigation and drainage holes 19. in the example according to Figures 1 to 3. In the middle between two adjacent junction points of connecting channels 18b into the outer ring channel 17b, an inner connecting channel 18a is led from the outer ring channel 17b to the inner ring channel 17a. Also at the junction points these inner connecting channels 18a in the inner In the ring channel 17a, one irrigation and one drainage hole 19 is provided in the same arrangement and design as in the example in Figure 1.

Since this offset arrangement of the outer connecting channels 18b and inner connecting channels 18a aims to achieve a lower irrigation and drainage effectiveness, the irrigation and drainage openings 21 are also provided in a correspondingly smaller number and smaller size.

The

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For example, four water supply and drainage openings 21 are provided, one in each outer floor wall field 16b, which is formed outside the outer ring channel 17b between adjacent outer connecting channels 18b.

Claims (10)

t · 10 15 20 PATENT ATTORNEY DIPL.-PHYS. HEINRICH SEIDS 6200 Wiesbaden 1 · Bierstadter Höhe IS . Postiadi 5)05 · Telephone (06121) 562022 Postgiro account Frankfurt/Main 181008-602 · Bank: Deutsdie Bank 306571 · Nasa. Sparkasse 120040 995 Wiesbaden, 12 February 1987 X 386 VNR: 107565 S/ha Bellaplast GmbH
Karl-Bosch-Str. 10
6200 Wiesbaden, Germany Planter Protection claims 1) Plant container, the bottom wall of which has bottom wall regions forming a horizontal support surface and bottom wall regions raised relative to this support surface, in which drainage holes are provided, characterized in that the raised bottom wall regions are designed in the form of grooves (17, 17a, 17b, 17c, 18, 18a, 18b, 18c) open downwards on the outside of the bottom wall (11) and watering and drainage holes (19, 19a) extending over the entire height of these grooves (17, 17a, 17b, 17c, 18, 18a, 18b, 18c) into the support surface (14) of the plant container (10) are provided in the walls of these grooves (17, 17a, 17b» 17c, 18 , 18a, 18b, 18c), and at the end of such grooves (17, 17a, 17b, 17c, 18, 18a, 18b, 18c) or in wall regions opposite the end of such grooves (17, 17a, 17b, 17c, 18, 18a, 18b, 18c) . 2) Plant container according to claim 1, characterized in that when the raised bottom wall area is formed in the form of at least one annular groove (17, 17a, 17b) and radially outwardly extending from this annular groove (17, 17a, 17b), Heifubfe Seid» . Patent Attorney · Bieratedtcv HMw IS·Poftfafc 9199. «00 WtabadmS '&Phi; (Qfl») WM» 2 - Connecting grooves (18, 18a, 18b) Irrigation and drainage holes (19) are arranged at the points where connecting grooves (18, 18a, 18b) enter the annular groove (17) or annular grooves (17a, 17b) in the wall region of the annular groove (17, 17a, 17b) opposite the connecting groove (18, 18a, 18b) entering. 3) Plant container according to claim 1, characterized in that when the raised wall areas are formed in the form of partial ring grooves (17c) and connecting grooves (18c) extending radially outwards from these partial ring grooves (17c) to the base circumference, and irrigation and drainage holes are arranged at the ends of the partial ring grooves (17c). 4) Plant container according to claim 1, characterized in that when the raised wall areas are designed in the form of essentially radially extending grooves (18a, 18b), the irrigation and drainage holes (19) are arranged at the radially single-value end of these grooves (18a, 18b). 5) Plant container according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the grooves (17, 17a, 17b, 17c, 18, 18a, 18b, 18c) have a substantially triangular, trapezoidal cross-section or a cross-section in the form of a circular segment. 6) Plant container according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the irrigation and drainage holes (19) arranged at the end of grooves (17c, 18a, 18b) have the same cross-section as the grooves (17c, 18a, 18b). 7) Plant container according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the watering and drainage holes (19) arranged in grooves (18, 18a, 18b) in opposite wall areas have essentially the same cross-sectional shape as the opposite !■··· «fill« ti a DipUFfcyi. HtlnriA S«id* · PififitifiWitl · BlmUdttr Höhe IS · Poetfeh StOS ■ 6200 Wtttbadm 1 · V (Oil 21) M2022 protruding groove (1&THgr;, 18a, 18b), 8) Plant container according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that additional watering and drainage openings (21) in at least one annular base wall area divided into fields (16, 16a, 16b) by connecting grooves (18, 18a, 18b, 18c) and located in the support surface (14). 9) Plant container according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the irrigation and drainage holes (19) engage with hole areas (20a) in the adjacent bottom wall areas (15, 16, 16a, 16b) located in the base area (14) of the plant container. 10) Planter according to claim 2 and 8, characterized in that the irrigation and drainage holes arranged at the junctions of connecting grooves (18, 18a, 18b) in an annular groove (17, 17a, 17b) have hole areas (20b) which engage in upper wall parts of the respective connecting groove (18, 18a, 18b) in their area raised from the base (14) of the plant container (10). si