DE2303085A1 - COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Description

Jürgen Dambroth, engineer, 7 Stuttgart 1, Gänswaldweg 18b

COMBUSTION ENGINE

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an engine housing, or several cylinders and pistons, a connection between piston and drive shaft and a control device for the supply of the combustion mixture or for the Exhaust gas removal.

In the previously known internal combustion engines (Otto engine), the Stroke movement of the piston to the rotary movement of the drive shaft over one or more Connecting rods that attack a crankshaft with multiple bearings. The crankshaft however, it is a relatively complex and extremely expensive item. Furthermore This construction requires a relatively high overall height, because yes the connecting rods because of the swaying motion that they perform, must have a certain length and the individual disks of the crankshaft must have certain diameters. this however, again requires that those vehicles in which the engine is in front, less have favorable fluidic properties, since the engine hood is relatively must be installed high.

The latter is avoided in the case of the rotary piston engine, but there are others here Disadvantages compared to the normal reciprocating engine. The problems with transferring the

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Movements from the piston to the drive shaft are however not comparable.

The object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine, in particular a reciprocating piston engine to create that has a lower overall height than the previously known Otto engines, which, however, is comparable with this in its other behavior.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the protruding from the cylinder The end of the piston is provided with a guide device that in the guide device A connecting rod can be pushed back and forth approximately perpendicular to the direction of movement of the piston is guided and that the connecting rod is connected to a rotatable eccentric disc is, which is in operative connection with the drive shaft.

This creates a relatively flat construction. Furthermore the problems that otherwise occur with the so-called short-stroke lifts are also solved here, namely that the short connection from the piston to the crankshaft is too demanding will. In the arrangement according to the invention, namely, the piston is always only in his actual direction of movement pushed or pulled and not also in one other direction, since there is no connection between the piston and the connecting rod according to the invention Swivel movement executes. With an engine according to the arrangement according to the invention, similar to a rotary piston engine, vehicles can be built that have good Have fluidic properties due to their pulled-down engine hood. With the engine according to the invention, as with a normal reciprocating engine any cylinder arrangements can be realized, as for example in a

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In-line, double-row, multi-row, boxer or double boxer engine are given.

In addition, the motor according to the invention is in particular also for a hybrid motor, therefore suitable for a combination of combustion engine and electric motor.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting rod is supported by a second one Eccentric connected. In this way, the storage problems can be better managed. It is particularly favorable when the two eccentric disks close are arranged and stored on both sides of the piston or cylinder.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide device two mutually opposite eyes that take up the connecting rod between them. In this way, simple and good guidance results. In particular to the

Keeping friction down to a negligible level are the eyes of the guide needle roller bearings or

device equipped with a / ball bearing. In this way it is also guaranteed that only forces directed parallel to the stroke movement occur in the piston.

In the previously known reciprocating piston engines, the intake and exhaust is controlled by means of valves which are attached to the cylinder head and which are controlled by one with the crankshaft connected camshaft are controlled. Such valves are also proportionate long and, since they are mostly on top, also increase the overall height of the engine. In addition, the valves must be reset from time to time and exist Considerable sealing problems with regard to the "exhausting" process.

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In order to be able to reduce the overall height of the reciprocating engine in this direction as well, according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the control device is rotatable and has at least _two axially extending hollow spaces and is at the end of the cylinder facing away from the connecting rod in a bore in the engine block or cover arranged. The control device has at least two opening openings which, in certain positions, are aligned with the intake or exhaust opening of the cylinder.

Correct intake and exhaust is therefore only possible with the help of a simple one rotating slide accomplished. The construction of the control device is extremely simple and, moreover, it is a robust component that nobody can Adjustment required. The sealing and bearing problems are also very simple.

For example, the precise control can also be achieved in a simple manner / by means of a gear ratio in the ratio of 2: 1
gear / be removed from the eccentric disc. The control device can either be placed directly on the cylinder instead of the cylinder head, or it can be arranged between these two cylinders lying next to one another or two times two cylinders lying next to one another or parallel.

This type of exhaust and intake control is largely maintenance-free. Furthermore, pistons, etc. can be dismantled without removing the control device.

An element that is cheap and easy to manufacture is provided when the control device has a rotatable, cylindrical hollow body. Establishing the exact times and consequences of the individual combustion processes is then the hollow

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body provided with several openings, the angular on the circumference of the hollow body are arranged offset to one another.

The separation of the intake mixture and exhaust gases is achieved in that the Openings with respect to the longitudinal extent of the hollow body are arranged offset from one another and that the hollow body with at least two by a partition divided chambers is provided.

If the control device is designed as a hollow body, under certain circumstances high compressions and explosion pressures result in sealing problems. To this to avoid, therefore, in a further embodiment of the invention, the Control device on a leaf spring fixed non-rotatably on a shaft, which rests snugly with its end on the wall of the bore. This becomes the control device absolutely tight. In addition, such a spring is also an inexpensive component.

If there are problems with the friction, either the oil sump can be caused by the spring can be sprinkled with oil for lubrication or a sliding sleeve or two sliding rings arranged at a distance from one another is provided in the bore.

Be? This embodiment of the invention is the separation of intake mixture and Exhaust gases achieved in that the spring only part of the circumference of the Bore covers and that in one operating position it covers the opening of one cylinder closes and at the same time the opening of the other cylinder for suction

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or exhausts.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the spring wraps around the shaft almost completely and has a reinforcement part that supports the pressing force of the spring. In this way, exactly in the area of the opening of that cylinder, the is in the process of "exploding" or "compressing", increasing the contact pressure, but not in the area of the walls of the bore in the engine block or cover.

The control device is so that the combustion mixture is sucked into the cylinder provided with a shaft, a fan being arranged at the suction side ti gene end of the shaft is.

If, for example, two or four cylinders are assigned to a control device, it is advantageous if the exhaust gas chamber of the control device is assigned jointly to the cylinders and is arranged on the inside. In this way the cooling of the [_ _a is at the same time _he g etc. ensured.

Further details and configurations of the invention can be found in the following description can be seen in which the invention based on the embodiments shown in the drawing is described and explained in more detail. 1 shows the section through a motor in the area of two in one plane

Cylinder according to a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 shows a section along the line I - I of FIG

Fig. 3 is a section similar to FIG. 1, but in a second embodiment u.

Fig. 4 shows a detail from Fig. 1, but in a third embodiment.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the motor housing is loaded with 10

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draws, the cylinder bores 11 and 12 has. With a water-cooled engine the housing also has recesses 13, 14 and 16. In the motor housing 10 Furthermore, a recess 17 is provided between the two cylinders 11 and 12. the Recess 17 has a radius which is so large that a cylindrical hollow body finds space in it. The cylindrical hollow body 18, which is a longitudinally extending shaft 19 has, but is substantially above the end of the two cylinders 11 and arranged. About 2/3 of the diameter protrude beyond the end of cylinders 11 and 12. About the cylinder 11 and 12 and the hollow body 18 extends a cover 21 which is attached to the is attached to both outer cylinder walls. This cover 21 replaces the usual ones Cylinder heads. Similar to the usual cylinder heads, points roughly above the central axis of the cylinder 11 and 12 of the cover 21 has two bores 22 and 23, are screwed into the spark plugs 24 or glow plugs.

On the cover 21 an oil pan 26 is also attached, which is arranged hanging down and absorbs the oil 27 required for lubrication.

The corresponding pistons 28 and 29 can be displaced within the two cylinders 11 and 12 guided. The two pistons 28 and 29 are designed exactly the same, so that now only referred to the piston 28 with regard to its description will. The piston 28 has an extension 31 which has the same diameter like the piston 28 and when the piston is fully pushed in, approximately to the end of the cylinder 11 is enough. The extension 31 is followed by a piston end 32, which is approximately tapered. When the piston is fully retracted, the piston end 32 projects beyond the cylinder

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** ■

end down. At the transition between extension 31 and piston end 32 is a Eye 33 arranged. Opposite the eye 33 at the piston end 32 is another eye 34 intended. The eyes 33 and 34 are provided with ball bearings 36. The two eyes 33 and 34 have a certain distance between them, which is so large that a parallelogram connecting rod 37 can be displaced. The connecting rod 37 extends vertically to the direction of movement of the piston 28. The eyes 33 and 34 are so on the extension 31 or piston end 32 arranged that the parallelogram connecting rod 37 when fully retracted Piston 28 comes to lie just below the end of cylinder 11.

The parallelogram connecting rod 37 extends beyond the cylinder 11 on both sides and has a connecting rod eye 38 and 39 on both sides. The connecting rod 38 engages over a pin 41 of an eccentric 42, which is mounted in the engine block 10 and which with one end of which is immersed in the oil 27. The connecting rod 37 also has a connecting rod bearing cap on, which also engages over the pin 41 and is firmly connected to the connecting rod 38.

At the other end, the connecting rod eye 39 of the connecting rod 37 engages over a pin 44 of an eccentric disk 46. The eccentric disk 46 is designed in accordance with the eccentric disk 42 and stored in the Mabrblock. The eccentric 46 is also directly with a not shown connected drive shaft. The eccentric 46 is exactly between the two pistons 28 and 29 arranged. From the other side, the pin 44 overlapped by a connecting rod eye 47 of a connecting rod 48. The connecting rod eye 47 of the connecting rod 48 is firmly connected to the connecting rod eye 39 of the connecting rod 37. The connecting rod 48 is now in the appropriate Way out between the eyes of the piston 29, protrudes beyond the cylinder 12 and

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is attached in a corresponding manner to the pin of an eccentric disk 49, which exactly the same as the eccentric disk 42 is designed and mounted. The connecting rod 48 has the same Features like the connecting rod 37.

At the moment shown in Fig. 1, the two pistons 28 and 29 are in their top layer, as well as the pins of the eccentric disks 42, 46 and 49. In this position For example, in cylinder 12 the process "explodes" and in cylinder 11 the "Priming" operation carried out. Parallel to the plane of the drawing, i.e. either above or below the drawing plane, exactly the same unit is arranged again, however the movement sequences are offset by exactly 180 there. So there would be both the corresponding pistons as well as the corresponding pins on the corresponding Eccentric disks are in their lowest position. Here would be the one above the cylinder 12 arranged cylinders in the process "exhaust" and the cylinder arranged above the cylinder in the process "compression".

In addition, not only one, but also two or more structural units can be attached to one another so that a six-cylinder or eight-cylinder engine is created.

In Fig. 2, the cylindrical hollow body 18 is shown in detail, namely at a Embodiment in which there are two more cylinders above the plane of the drawing in FIG are arranged. The hollow body 18 is surrounded by the engine block 10 and mounted in it. On both sides of the ends of the hollow body 18, the engine block 10 is each with one Bore 51 is provided, in each of the area of which a suction pipe 52 is flanged, the two

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for example with the carburetor in connection. The cylindrical hollow body is divided into three chambers 53, 54 and 56 by two partition walls 57 and 58. The combustion mixture is sucked into the chambers 53 and 54. The chamber 56, which is arranged between the two chambers 53 and 54, is used to discharge the puff gases from. For this purpose, the chamber 56 has a slot 59 which is aligned with a bore 61 in the engine block 10, in the area of which an exhaust pipe 62 is in turn flanged to the engine block.

In this exemplary embodiment, the cylindrical hollow body 18 has two distributed around the circumference arranged slots 63 and 64 and two other not shown slots.

. nearly
All of the slots are formed identically, are arranged angularly and offset from one another in the longitudinal extent of the hollow body and have a longitudinal extent in the radial direction

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Direction up, preferably from ™. The slot 63 is arranged in the chamber 53 and is aligned in a certain position of the hollow body 18, namely during the suction process with the opening 66 to the cylinder 11. The slot 64 is arranged in the left half of the chamber 56 and is opposite the slot 63 both arranged offset in terms of height and angle. The slot 64 is then aligned with the opening 66 to the cylinder 11 when the cylinder 11 is in the process of "exhausting". The exhaust gases then penetrate through the slot 64 into the chamber 56 and from there to the exhaust pipe 62. The slot 64 is arranged 90 ahead of the slot 63.

Similar are the underneathed slots in the right half of the chamber 56 and in the Chamber 54 arranged / those with the corresponding openings of the above or below the plane of the drawing arranged cylinders interact. The power-represented

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Slot in the right half of the chamber 56 for the exhaust of the two not shown The cylinder is arranged offset by 180 with respect to the slot 63. That amount is the slot (not shown) in the chamber 54 is also offset with respect to the slot 64 arranged. The exhaust chamber 56 is therefore common to all four cylinders.

The transmission ratio of the eccentric disk 46 to the shaft 19 of the hollow body 18 is 1: 2. In this way, both the slot 63 and act in a uniform cycle the slot 64 with the opening 66 of the cylinder 11 as well as with the opening 67 of the cylinder 12 together. This also applies accordingly to the other two not shown Cylinder.

A fan 68 is also arranged at each of the two suction-side ends.

In Fig. 3, an engine is shown in which the four cylinders are in one plane. here the engine block is provided with two long cylinder bores 71 and 72, in each of which two pistons 73 and 74 are guided. The pistons 73 and 74 are integral with a connection 76 connected to each other. A cylindrical hollow body is located between the two cylinders 71 and 72 both at one end and at the opposite end 78 arranged and stored with a shaft 79. The hollow body 78 corresponds exactly to that Hollow body 18 of FIG. T. Also at both ends of the cylinder 71 and 72 is also a cover 81 each is arranged, which corresponds to the cover 21. In the lids 81 are again two candles 82 screwed in each time.

In their central area, the cylinders 71 and 72 have longitudinal slots 83 and 84, the

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are penetrated by a parallelogram connecting rod 37 and 48 each. The connecting rods 37 and 48 are guided in the connections 76 , which for this purpose have incisions and eyes 33, 34 with ball bearings 36 in the area of the slots 83 and 84. The connecting rods 37, 48 are attached to eccentric disks 42, 46, 49 in a manner corresponding to that in FIG. 1. The length of the slots 83, 84 corresponds to the eccentricity. The transmission of the piston movement via the eccentric disk 46 to the drive shaft of a vehicle thus takes place in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1. So the difference lies in the arrangement of the four cylinders of the engine. Another difference is the arrangement of the oil pans 86, 87, which are laterally attached to the engine block and cover the eccentric disk 42 or 49. However, the parallelogram connecting rod arrangement or the piston guide according to FIG. 1 is also advantageously implemented in this embodiment. In Fig. 4, a further embodiment is shown with respect to the control device. The arrangement and design of the engine block 10, cover 21, cylinders 11, 12, pistons 28, 29 and spark plugs 24 corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1. In the engine block and cover 21 there is also a recess 89 which essentially corresponds to the recess 17 and is arranged at the same point. In this recess 89 a bush 91 is arranged non-rotatably. The bush 91 serves, so to speak, as a slide bearing for the control device. The control device according to FIG. 4 has a shaft 92 which is provided with two longitudinal grooves 93 and 94 offset by 180 to one another. An extension 96 of a leaf spring 97 engages in the longitudinal groove 93. The leaf spring 97 loops almost completely around the shaft 92, then runs spirally outwards towards the wall of the bushing and then runs snugly against the wall of the bushing 91. The spring 97 is pretensioned and lies approximately 3/4 from the inside on the bushing 91 at. The pressing force of the spring 97 against the bush 91 is so great that the spring 97 does not lift off the wall of the bush 91 even if the explosion or compression pressure occurs in one of the cylinders. the

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Spring 97 also has a reinforcing web 98, the width of which corresponds approximately to the size of the opening 66 or 67 of the cylinder 11 or 12, respectively. The reinforcement web 98, which runs approximately parallel to the transition 99 running from the inside to the outside, is arranged in such a way that it sweeps over the opening 66 or 67 in certain positions of the control device. The web 98 increases the contact pressure of the spring 97 on the bushing 91 in a very specific area.

In the operating position shown in FIG. 4, the piston 28 would be in the suction position and the piston 29 in the "explode" state. Accordingly, the opening 67 is completely covered and sealed by the spring 97. Opposite is the opening 66 free and is connected to the suction chamber 101, on the one hand by the spring 97 and the socket 91, on the other hand, is limited. The suction chamber 101 is similar to the suction chamber 53 in Fig. 2 is connected to a suction pipe.

If the pistons 28, 29 now move downwards, the control device or the leaf spring 97 and the shaft 92 by 90, whereby then both the opening 66 and the opening 67 are closed by the spring 97. In this position begins for the piston 28 the process of "compressing" and for the piston 29 the process of "exhausting". In order to be able to achieve this, there is a second in one plane parallel to the drawing plane Leaf spring, not shown, arranged rotated by 90 relative to leaf spring 97 is and the approach arranged at the end engages in the longitudinal groove 94, so that also this spring is non-rotatably attached to the shaft 92. In the chamber 102 corresponding Chamber of the leaf spring, not shown, an opening is provided during

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this operation with the exhaust port 67 of the cylinder 12 is aligned. That of the chamber under 2 corresponding chamber of the leaf spring, not shown, is then just like shown on the basis of the first embodiment in Fig. 2, connected to an exhaust pipe. The chamber of the leaf spring (not shown) corresponding to chamber 101 serves as an exhaust chamber for another lying parallel to the plane of the drawing Cylinder. This arrangement and the arrangement of a third leaf spring for the suction process of the cylinder of a four-cylinder engine lying on the plane of the drawing is also readily apparent from the illustration in FIG. 2. Here are the three parts of the hollow body 18 only to be replaced by 3 leaf springs, which by sealing washers are separated from each other.

The lubrication to facilitate the sliding of the spring 97 in the bushing 91 can, for example by oil lubrication from the sump. Furthermore, possibly resulting Frictional heat can be dissipated easily in that with an air-cooled Motor behind bush 91 oil or, in the case of a water-cooled motor, the cooling water runs. Finally, the friction can also be reduced by only those surfaces of the leaf spring 97 run directly on the wall of the socket 91 which directly adjoin the openings 66,67 of the cylinders 11,12. In this case receives the bush 91 has a stepped inner surface.

4 also shows the transmission of the rotation in a ratio of 1: 2 from the eccentric disk indicated on the control device. To this end, the control device a belt or toothed pulley 103, which has a belt or a chain by a disc with a corresponding diameter on the central eccentric disc is driven. '

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- yr-

The reinforcement part 98 shown in Fig. 4 is not graphically in another The illustrated embodiment of the invention is designed as follows: The reinforcement part has two mutually directed webs which are arranged symmetrically to one another. Each of the webs is designed roughly like that shown in FIG Web 98. The reinforcement part consisting of the two webs is just like the web 98, firmly attached to the inner part of the spring 97. However, the tip of the reinforcement part is at a distance of about 0.05 to 0.1 mm from the outer part of the spring 97. This means that the part does not always have a force-supporting effect, but only when it comes from the outside a pressure is applied to the spring 97. This reduces the friction of the spring 97 as it rotates reduced. The reinforcement part, not shown, can also be adjustable, for example be designed with respect to its height, so that manufacturing tolerances are compensated can.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, It goes without saying that numerous modifications to the exemplary embodiments shown are possible without the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims to leave. In particular, other cylinder arrangements, for example in a V arrangement, to realize. Furthermore, the arrangement of parallelogram connecting rods, Eccentric disks and pistons on the one hand and control device in the form of a hollow cylinder on the other hand are combined in such a way that parallelogram connecting rods, eccentric disks and pistons, which are arranged on both sides of the parallelogram connecting rod, are arranged within a large cylinder. There is one or both eccentric disks provided with an external toothing and engage in an internal toothing of the surrounding hollow cylinder, so that, for example, the hollow cylinder rotates and can be used as a controller at the same time.

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: ν 1. Combustion engine with an engine housing, one or more cylinders and piston, a connection between piston and drive shaft and a Control device for the supply of the combustion mixture or for the exhaust gas discharge, characterized in that the from the cylinder (11,12,71,72) protruding end of the piston (28,29,73,74) with a Guide device (33,34) is provided that in the guide device (33,34) a connecting rod approximately perpendicular to the direction of movement of the piston (28,29,73,74) (37,48) is guided back and forth and that the connecting rod (37,48) is connected to a rotatable eccentric disk (46) which is connected to the drive shaft is in operative connection. 2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the Connecting rod (37,48) is connected to a second eccentric disc (42,49) mounted on bearings. 3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the two eccentric disks (46, 42 and 49) are arranged and supported on both sides of the piston (28, 29, 73, 74) or cylinder (11, 12, 71, 72). 4. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that with two adjacent cylinders ^! 1.12.73) the eccentric disk (46) connected to the drive shaft between the 409830/0630 two cylinders and on both sides of the cylinder the second or one third eccentric disc (42,49) is arranged. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the guide device has two mutually opposite eyes (33,34), which between them the connecting rod (37, 48) take up. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the eyes (33,34) of the guide device with a Ball bearings (36) are provided, which rolls on the connecting rod (37,48). Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the guide device has a groove in which the connecting rod (37, 48) is guided. 409830/0630 8- internal combustion engine, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device is rotatable and provided with at least two axially extending HohlrQurrf and at the end of the cylinder (11,12,71,72) facing away from the connecting rod (37,38) in a bore (89) of the engine block (10) or cover (21) is arranged and that the control device has at least two openings <f ⁿ (63,64,101), which in certain positions with the suction or. Exhaust opening (66,67) of the cylinder is aligned. 9. Internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that the control device has a rotatable, cylindrical hollow body (18,78) for one or more cylinders is formed. 10. Internal combustion engine according to claim 9, characterized in that the hollow body (18,78) is provided with several openings (63,64) which are angularly are arranged offset to one another on the circumference of the hollow body (18, 78). 11. Internal combustion engine according to claim 10, characterized in that the openings (63,64) with respect to the longitudinal extension of the hollow body are arranged offset and that the hollow body (18,78) with at least two chambers (53,54,56) divided by at least one partition wall (57,58) is. 12. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that that the openings (63,64) in the hollow body (18,78) as extending radially on the circumference Longitudinal slots are formed. 409830/06 3 0 13. Internal combustion engine according to one of Claims 9-12, characterized in that that the hollow body (18,78) is provided with a shaft (19,79), which at the same time can be used as a control shaft for the ignition. 14. Internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that the control or more
direction of a / on a shaft (92) non-rotatable leaf spring (97) has, which lie with their end on the wall of the bore (89) snugly. 15. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14, characterized in that the spring (97) runs spirally outward from the shaft (92) and rests on the wall of the bore (89) under a force which is greater than that from the explosion in the cylinder originating pressure in the openings (66,67). 16. Internal combustion engine according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the spring (97) covers only part of the circumference of the bore (89) and that in an operating position it covers the opening (67) of one cylinder closes and at the same time the opening (66) of the other cylinder for suction or exhausts. 17. Internal combustion engine according to claim 16, characterized in that the spring (97) rests approximately 3/4 on the wall of the bore (89). 18. Internal combustion engine according to one of Claims 14 to 17, characterized in that that the spring (97) almost completely wraps around the shaft (92) and a reinforcement part (98) which supports the pressing force of the spring (97). 409830/0630 19. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that that the shaft (92) on the circumference offset arranged longitudinal grooves (93,94) has, engage in the lugs (96) on the spring ends. 20. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that that the control device has at least two springs (97) arranged one behind the other and separated from one another by a light disc and one of which forms the intake space and the other forms the exhaust space. . Internal combustion engine according to claim 20, characterized in that the two Springs (97) are arranged according to the required control position. 22. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 8 to 19, characterized in that that in the bore (89) a sliding sleeve (91) or two sliding rings arranged at a distance from one another are provided. 23. Internal combustion engine according to claim 12 or 14, characterized in that on a fan (68) is arranged at the suction-side end of the shaft (92). 24. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 8 to 23, characterized in that that a single control device is assigned to four cylinders and that the Exhaust gas chamber (56) of the control device is assigned to the cylinders together and is arranged on the inside. 409830/0630 25. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the control device of the connected to the connecting rod (37,48} Eccentric is driven. 26. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the connecting rod (37,48) is lubricated by the eccentric disc (42,46,49) immersed in the oil sump. 27. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the transmission ratio from the drive to the control device (18.78) is 1: 2. 409830/0630