DE1958940A1 - Cooling liquid inlet and outlet device for use in liquid-cooled rotating electrical machines - Google Patents

Description

1558940

£. 'DipL-ing.tsiTipmdit 81-15.155Ρ {15.156η) 11/24/1969

■, j ■ i. . ■

f HITACHI, LTD., Tokyo (Japan)

Emergency liquid inlet and outlet device aux * T «rwea.dnng with liquid ± gcooled« n rotating electrical machines

The invention relates to a Kühlflüesigkeit »- - and -eu * l ate device for use in z. 3 ·

Turbine generators, wheel generators VLBtr, and in particular an improved cooling liquid -

EinlaS- tmd -attelassvorriehtung a rotating '■ ■

^; Component and a stationary component.

.- ■, - The new · tendency for turbine generators and Vaeeear-

Ws ' ■ ·

tfr ra * e «» telling is that its capacity is more and more να ! ** ■ '"■ ...' ■

• teigera »B * feei is one of the most important factors in the

* '"' ·% # | ^ #« ΜΜ | of your capacities the creation of a very effective system. With many conventional generators • tligeaiein a & askühl * system, like ». B. Waterproof

(7) '■ ;; |; 5Ϊ>

19589AO

cooling system applied, however, it is preferable to have one Use liquid cooling systems, which have a better cooling efficiency and a larger cooling capacity in the Compared with the Gaskühleyetem shows »Ss is particularly preferable, not only the fltaior, but also to cool the rotors with this liquid cooling system ", In the liquid cooling system, water, oil and all other suitable liquids can be used as cooling liquid, but water shows the highest cooling efficiency, especially when water is used for direct cooling hollow conductors used by generators and the like will. In the course of the creation of a liquid cooling system of the type described, however, there are different conditions borrowed and difficult problems in the design, manufacture, installation, etc. of the cooling system itself, and the problem of connecting a stationary component to a rotating component must be solved.

The present invention addresses the problem of, among the various problems mentioned above, the problem of a cooling liquid inlet and outlet device for the inlet of the cooling liquid from a stationary component into a rotating component and the discharge of the liquid from the rotating component la the stationary component or vice versa to solve. It is expedient mm, turn the cooling liquid at the end of the rotor shaft on the side of the pathogen and discharge, because 1st not coupled with large capacity generators of the pathogen directly to the rotor shaft, so that the end of Reterwelle w freely b * for this purpose. is available.

In order to get the cooling liquid into the rotor, i. in "" ine Letting in winding is the Roterwell general old

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W- "'■"' - ■ "■ - ■■ ■ - ■: '·': ■

a cooling liquid inlet channel and a cooling liquid outlet channel which are coaxially arranged therein. In most cases, an inner hollow cylinder is provided coaxially in the hollow rotor shaft in order to remove e.g. B. the inlet channel and from the space between the inner cylinder and the Innenoberflä "before the hollow rotor shaft z. B ₉ to make the outlet channel.

There is a cover unit at the free end of the rotor shaft provided to enclose the inlet and outlet channels separately within the unit and to serve as a connection between the rotating and the stationary part.

It is a very difficult problem to compare the liquid tightness of the coolant circuit the environment. Ee is well known that the coolant used is not electrically conductive may be, but the liquid seal of the liquid circuit is also very important and especially there difficult where the rotating component touches the stationary component via the cooling system. It's pretty much impossible to have the rotating component with the stationary component to connect mechanically liquid-tight. A mechanical seal is simple in construction and reliable in operation because it creates sliding contact between two parts to be rotatably connected to one another and at the same time enables the liquid seal between them. A mechanical seal is such that a stepped portion or annular flange formed at a suitable location on a rotor shaft and slidable within an annular member of a fixed Component is attached, whereby the seal of the rubbing contact of the outer peripheral side surface of the

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stepped area or flange of the rotor shaft depends on the inner surface of the annular element of the fixed component. However, the rotor shaft does not rotate necessarily in a certain position. For example, in the case of a vertical-type waterwheel generator, the rotor shaft makes due to the displacement of the boom of the rotor frame due to the variation in the water pressure load a vibrating movement in its axial direction relative to the stationary component, so that the described frictional contact, is not secured and this will result in leakage of the coolant. In addition, it is liquid-tight Sealing of the type described because of the imbalance of the rotor and the rotor shaft as a result of inaccurate Production and assembly very prone to failure. So, as explained, the mechanical seal has a few Fault, and an ideal mechanical seal should be such that a rotating component with respect to a solid Component is arranged rotatably without any leakage occurring between them even after long operation, and the seal should be simple in construction and without requiring a high degree of accuracy to be manufactured be.

The invention is therefore specifically based on the object of providing a cooling liquid inlet and outlet device for use in rotating machines of the type mentioned, with which any substantial leakage of the Coolant can be prevented when Kühlflüeeigkeitakkreis one “rotating component” and one fixed Component · are connected to each other. In doing so, a cooling fluid inlet and -au »routing device are specified, with that of the coolant from the Kühlflüaalgkeitakreisen even then, sufficient leakage can be prevented

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can if the rotating component is in any direction is moved relative to the stationary component. In the end the device according to the invention should be of simple construction, be easy to manufacture and assemble and not require a higher degree of accuracy.

The subject of the invention, with which this task gef

is released, a Kühlflüseigkeitaeiiilaß- and -auslaß-

; , device for use in liquid-cooled rotating electrical machines that are operated by

a rotor with a hollow conductor winding;

,, a hollow rotor shaft supporting the rotor with a

Cooling liquid inlet channel and a cooling liquid outlet channel within the rotor shaft in hydraulic communication with the hollow conductor winding;

a cover unit j which surrounds the band part of the rotor shaft and has a plurality of chambers in connection with the cooling liquid inlet and outlet channels and

Means between the cover unit and the rotor shaft marked on the sealing of each of the plurality of chambers from one another and near the outside of the device, wherein the cover unit has a plurality of bearing means attached to the rotor shaft through which the Abdeokeinheit is rotatably held on the rotor shaft.

The features and advantages of the invention are illustrated on the basis of 4 ·· ± »of the drawing illustrated execution example nlh «r explained; soapy in it

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1 shows a longitudinal section of the device according to the invention in use in a vertical rotating electrical machine}

Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the seals used therein?

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of rotational direction

modifying means for preventing rotation a deck unit of the device} and

Fig. K is a diagram for explaining a cooling liquid circuit »

In Fig. 1, a coolant inlet and outlet device comprises a cover unit, generally denoted 1, a coolant inlet and outlet 2, a rotor shaft 3, a liquid supply pipe k and a liquid outlet pipe 5. The rotor shaft 3 has a rotor 90 (Fig. K) of a vertical type generator.

The rotor shaft 3 has an inner cavity 30 for the inlet of the cooling liquid and an outer cavity 31 for the outlet for the cooling liquid. Ss see that the inner cavity can be used to let out the coolant, while the outer cavity can also be used to let in the coolant. is. The arrangement shown is, however, "because a pump" 81 (Fig. K) can have a smaller capacity to draw the cooling liquid from the external source of oil, since it also shows the properties of the tube.

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Gate shaft 3 results in a centrifugal pumping action. It adjusts the fact that the cooling fluid inlet and outlet cavities do not necessarily have to be coaxial with one another and with the axis of the rotor shaft 3, but two cavities in the shaft 3 can also run side by side. In the present embodiment, the coolant inlet and outlet cavities or channels 30 and 31 are separated from one another by an inner cylinder 32 which in turn is held in position within the shaft 3 by means of a suitable support element 33 which is sandwiched between the inner cylinder 32 and the inner surface Jk the shaft 3 is located.

The expansion of the support member 33 i ⁿ the axial direction brings no serious problem, but preferably the thickness of the support member 33 is ^eo low as possible, because one must pay attention to the flow resistance of the through-flowing cooling liquid. Both channels, the inlet and outlet channels 30 and 31, respectively, extend downward to the rotor and radially through the rotor, so that they are hydraulically connected to the hollow conductor winding 91 in FIG. 1 k .

With the upper end of the rotor shaft 3, the cooling liquid inlet and outlet shaft 2 is by means of suitable Fastening means such as screws and nuts 35 connected. Ss understand, however, that it is not necessary that Inlet and outlet shaft 2 * dependent on the rotor shaft to train, but si · can also «into the extension of the well · 3» »in. However, taking into account the division step and d transport, β is preferable, di · inlet and AnslsjBwell · 2 to be formed independently of the rotor shaft 3. Wi * di Botorw !! 3 has the inlet

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- 8 - 19 5 8 9

and outlet shaft 2 an inner and an outer coaxial cavity to create the cooling liquid inlet channel 20 and the cooling liquid outlet channel 21, which are both hydraulically connected to the channels 30 and 31 of the rotor shaft 3 _e The shaft 2 has an inner cylinder 22, which by means of a Support element 23 is held in place and creates the separation between the inlet and outlet channels 20 and 21, respectively. The inner cylinder 22 extends up to beyond the upper end of the inlet and outlet shaft 2, and the upper end of the inner cylinder 22 is expanded at 26. The upper end of the inlet and outlet shaft 2 is also expanded at 25 to accommodate the resistance of the cooling liquid, which enters the shaft 2 or exits it to reduce.

The cover unit 1 is attached to the inlet and outlet shaft 2 so that the unit T encloses it. In order to facilitate the manufacture and arrangement of the cover unit 1, it preferably consists of a plurality of subdivided individual parts. In the illustrative embodiment, the cover unit 1 consists of a cooling liquid inlet or feed box 10, a cooling liquid outlet box 11, a leakage liquid collecting box 12 and a bearing box 13 which is arranged on the inlet and outlet shaft 2 in order to reduce the vibrations of the cover unit 1, such as will be described in detail below, and has bearings Ik which are arranged between the shaft 2 and the bearing box 13. You can have any storage elements here, such. B. use ball bearings, etc.; however, ball bearings are preferable in terms of lubrication. It can thus be seen that the bearing box 13 is held rotatably on the inlet and outlet shaft 2 via bearings 1k. At the given

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Aueftihrungsbelspiel are two bearings 14 in a suitable vertical Spaced to stabilize the storage box 13, wick, only one bearing can be used. A sealing ring 15 is provided to protect the interior of the Sealing the bearing box 13 to the outside · The bearings 14 are worn via the storage box 13 also the leakage fluid samrael box 12, the outlet box 11 and the inlet box 10,

The case drainage fluid tank 12 consists of one

V. Inner wall 41 resting on an annular base plate 40

is arranged coaxially to the inlet and outlet shaft 2, and an outer wall 42 which stands outside the inner wall 41

"The one enclosed between the inner wall 41 and the outer wall 42 Hem is with a case drain drain pipe tied together. The leakage fluid collection box 12 is through with the storage box 13 'on the annular base plate 40 © connected in suitable fasteners, and one of

_, the upper edge of the outer wall 42 protruding flange part 44 ^ carries the outlet box 11 via eioh.

The outlet chain 11 encloses the inlet and outlet shafts 2 with the exception of the connection between the inner cylinder 22 and the inlet box 10. The outlet box 11 is also included provided a hole into which the inner cylinder 22 extends » At its two ends, the outlet box 11 is on the outside of the shaft 2 and the via seals 50 and 51, respectively Inner cylinder 22 attached to a Leoken of the cooling liquid to prevent

The seals 50 and 51 can be of the same construction, but in a different direction of arrangement. How _x best seen in TIG, 2 on ", the seal 50 comprises a Federmontierscheibe 52 to the inner cylinder 22 purposes

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joint rotation is mounted, with the aid of the engagement of pins 59 extending from the disc 52, for common rotation with the inner cylinder 22, axially slidable sealing element 53 "a fixed disc 5 **" rigidly connected to the outlet box It or is integrally formed and is in contact with the sealing element 53, and compression springs 55 »which ^{are loaded between the sealing element 53 ^ n <} i of the spring mounting washer 52, whereby the sealing element is normally pressed against the fixed disc 5h and a watertight seal of the interior of the outlet box 11 against the interior of the inlet box 10 results. The other seal 51 has the same structure as the seal 50 as described above and seals the outlet box 11 with respect to the leakage fluid collecting box 12.

So the outlet box 11 can be sealed with the rotating parts located therein, and through The inlet box liquid leaking from the seal 50 flows into the outlet box 11, but does not leak from it Device out so that the gasket 50 is not machined and inserted with an increased degree of accuracy must become. On the other hand, it is necessary to make the leak preventive gasket 51 with a higher degree of accuracy because the liquid leaking out through the seal 51 leaks out of the device »

The feed pipe h is connected to the inlet box 10, which in turn is hydraulically connected to the pump 81 in FIG. K , while an outlet pipe 5 is connected to the outlet box 11, which on the one hand is connected to a liquid reservoir 80 in FIG .h stands. That

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Feed pipe k and outlet pipe 5 are connected to the device via flexible connecting elements 6θ and 6i _f such as, for example, Gurami tubes or bellows, so that the cover unit 1 can be moved and shaken more or less. Such flexible connecting elements are arranged between the cover unit 1 and the parts which are mechanically connected to it. For example, the drain pipe 43 is connected to the device through the flexible connector 6Z .

In order to prevent the rotation of the cover unit 1 over a relatively large angle of rotation, but nevertheless to allow a certain displacement and rotation of the unit 1 within a relatively small angle, rotation preventing means are provided bifurcated member 72 rigidly secured to annular base plate 40 by welding or any suitable type of fastening such as bolts and nuts, and a pin 73 which is attached to a stationary component such as B _{0 is} attached to the stator 7h of the generator and can be inserted into the forked element. The pin 73 consists of a pin 75 and an elastic jacket 76 surrounding the pin 75, so that the shock caused by the rotation of the cover unit can be dampened and reduced .

The rotation of the Abdec 'unit 1 in the by the dashed The directions indicated by arrows can be identified by the insertion into the recess of the forked element 72 Prevent pin 73 while the vertical displacement of the cover unit 1 in the extended Arrow ·, indicated directions is possible because between

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the pin 73 and the forked element 72 a distance is. Instead of anti-rotation means as described Any other suitable means known in the art may be used, but care must be taken to prevent the shock due to the rotation from being applied to the cover unit 1 too suddenly, and therefore the rotation preventing means 70 may be so arranged must that a small distance between z. B. the pin 73 and the forked element 72 is present, so that the Cover unit 1 is vertically displaceable, but not rotatable.

The mode of operation will now be described with reference to FIG. The inlet and outlet shaft 2, which is drivingly connected to the rotor 90 of the generator, rotates while the cooling liquid flows in the direction indicated by the arrows. The cooling liquid is conveyed from the reservoir 80 by means of the feed pump 81, passes through the fiI ^ r 82 and reaches the inlet box 10 ₀ Then the cooling liquid flows through the inlet channel 20 within the inner cylinder 22 of the inlet and outlet shaft 2 into the cavity area of the hollow conductor winding 91 thereby cooling the winding ^ 1. The cooling liquid then returns to the shaft 2, flows through the outlet channel 21, the outlet box 11 and the outlet pipe 5 to the reservoir 80,

The through the leak prevention seal 51 from the Outlet box 11 leaked fluid is stored in the Leok fluid collection box 12 and returns to reservoir 80 through drain pipe 85.

So the rotor of the generator can be sufficient

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cool, but the cover unit 1 is arranged at the point on which the rotating component is the stationary,

"Touches the component, so that - as mentioned - a very difficult" Problem related to maintaining the liquid tightness occurs. The coolant inlet and outlet shaft 2 moves because of the axial displacement of the

'. · Rotor shaft 3 due to thermal expansion, vibrations and

Vibration displacement of the shaft 3 due to the attack

the load fluctuations all the time in all

services. Therefore, if the leakage preventing means or seals 50 and 51 are opposed to the successor ; to fail these displacements and vibrations is that

ϊ V f.

The liquid tightness of the cover unit 1 is not ensured, the shaft 2 is subject to wear and tear, and reliable operation over a long period of time is not possible. However, these problems can be completely solved by the arrangement of the seals 50 and 51 according to the invention -.. \ 'sen Fig GemMß the Abdeokeinheit is held by the bearings rotatably supported on the intake and Auslaßwelle 2 and connected to the stationary member via the flexible elements \, Mechanical 1, so that the occurrence of a shift and rotation of the inlet and Outlet shaft 2 as a result of a movement, rotation, etc. of the rotor shaft 3, the Abdeok- _. Unit 1 can follow every movement of the wool 2, whereby '' the seals 50 and 51 can always be held firmly in their position and so on the liquid resistance of the masking unit 1 is inevitably maintained permanently

: also a plurality of spaced apart in the axial direction

mutually attached bearings lh at the lower part of the

· '■ wave 2, d. H. the part that is provided the least

. '' Is subject to vibrations , the vibrations of the display unit 1 can be reduced to the lowest possible value.

'ken, «ο that the leak tightness of the coolant continues "- 'can be secured.

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From the above it follows that according to the invention, since the cover unit 1 of the cooling liquid inlet and outlet device on the rotor shaft via bearing elements is kept, the seals attached to the cover unit satisfactorily every movement of the rotor shaft can follow, always under int essential lent constant pressure are in contact with it, so that the liquid-tightness is ensured and the leakage of coolant can inevitably be prevented. Therefore, the seals do not need to be manufactured with a higher degree of accuracy, so that troublesome manual work is required etc. are advantageously saved in the course of production and also facilitates installation is.

The invention has been described above with particular reference to an embodiment which is suitable for use in vertical rotating electrical machines, but it goes without saying that the invention can also be used in horizontal rotating machines. For example, the leakage fluid collection box 12 must be modified to a greater or lesser extent so that it collects the leakage fluid when it is arranged horizontally. The cooling liquid inlet and outlet device according to the invention can also be arranged in the area of the rotor shaft by attaching it to one end of the rotor shaft. A special arrangement of the bearings lh may be required. In any case, however, it is preferable to provide a plurality of bearings separated as far as possible in the axial direction of the rotor shaft in order to hold the display unit 1 securely in a stabilized position. In the embodiment described above, the cooling liquid inlet and outlet channels were designed as coaxial

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Cavities in the inlet and outlet shaft 2 and the rotor shaft 3 described »but these channels can also be two cavities lying next to one another in the shafts.

• The coolant inlet and outlet device According to the invention, it can be used in both vertical and horizontal rotating electrical machines It is clear from the description that the device according to the invention inevitably allows leakage the coolant can prevent, even if the The rotor shaft is displaced in the axial direction and vibrates, and has a relatively simple structure, so that it is easy to manufacture and assemble without the need for highly skilled techniques and workers required are.

The invention became the edge of a special embodiment described, but it goes without saying that changes and deviations can be made to the extent that the essence of the invention and the subject matter of the claims not to be left »

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BATH

Claims (6)

Claims (1.) Coolant inlet and outlet device for use in liquid-cooled rotating electrical machines, characterized by a rotor (9O) with a hollow conductor winding (<? 1) a hollow, the rotor supporting the rotor shaft (3) having a cooling fluid inlet passage (3O) and a COOLANT f keitsauslaßkanal (31) within the rotor shaft is in hydraulic communication with the hollow coil conductor; one of the end part (2) of the rotor shaft and a plurality of chambers (1O, 11) in communication with the Cover unit (i) having cooling liquid inlet or outlet channels j and Means between the cover unit and the rotor shaft for sealing each of the plurality of chambers from one another and to the outside of the device, the cover unit having a plurality of bearing means attached to the rotor shaft (i4) through which the cover unit is rotatably held on the rotor shaft. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing means comprise a plurality of bearings (lh) separated by a certain distance in the axial direction of the rotor shaft (3). 009825/1373 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the bearings (i4) on the end part (2) of the rotor shaft (3) facing away from the side within the cover unit (1) are arranged. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stationary parts outside the device are connected to the cover unit (i) via at least one flexible component (e.g. 60) which allows the cover unit to move slightly. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover unit (1) is connected to a stationary component (7k) via a rotation preventing component (70) which is a pin-shaped directed from the stationary component in the axial direction of the rotor shaft (3) Pin (73) with an elastic jacket (76) and a forked element (72) rigidly attached to the cover unit and suitable for receiving the pin, thus allowing the cover unit to move in the axial direction but elastically preventing its rotation. 6. Coolant inlet and outlet device for Use in liquid-cooled rotating electrical machines, characterized by a rotor (90) with a hollow conductor winding (91) J a hollow rotor shaft (3) carrying the rotor with a Kühlflüseigkeiteeinlaßkanal (30) and a cooling liquid 00982B / 1373 lceitsauslaßkanal (31 J within the rotor shaft in hydraulic connection with the hollow conductor winding} a cooling liquid inlet and outlet shaft (2) with a cooling liquid inlet channel (20) and a cooling liquid outlet channel (21) for hydraulic connection with the inlet and outlet channels of the rotor shaft when connecting the second-mentioned shaft (2) with the first-mentioned Shaft (3) are set up} a cooling liquid outlet box (11) _f which encloses the cooling liquid outlet channel of the second mentioned shaft (2) at its end facing away from the first mentioned shaft (3) and seals (50 »51) f between the second mentioned shaft (2) and the outlet box at a mutual distance in Are arranged in the axial direction and prevent the cooling liquid from escaping from the outlet box, as well as having an outlet pipe (5) for letting the cooling liquid out of the outlet box} a cooling liquid inlet box (1O) which is rigidly attached to the outlet box and encloses the inlet channel of the second-mentioned shaft (2) and a cooling liquid supply pipe ( k ) is open} a case drain box (12) attached to the outlet box is attached to the opposite side of the inlet box and has a drain pipe (A3)} one rigid on the Leokiquid collection box on the the outlet box opposite side fastened th storage box (13) with a plurality of on the second-mentioned Shaft (2) mounted bearings (i-4), whereby the input 009825/1373 outlet box, outlet box, and case drain box be held on the second wave; and attached to at least one of the boxes (e.g. 12) Anti-rotation means (70). 5/1373 Blank page