DE1254554B - Circulating oven with baking rooms arranged one above the other - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CL:

Number:
File number:
Registration date:
Display day:

A21b

German class: 2 a -2/09

1,254,554
W 31 256 ΠΙ / 2 a
December 12, 1961
November 23, 1967

In ovens with baking chambers, which are to be opened temporarily to insert the baked goods, occurs always the problem of heating the baking surface as evenly as possible. Here is the circumstance particularly aggravating that through the oven doors when introducing and removing the baked goods at times considerable amounts of heat are dissipated.

A wide variety of arrangements for overcoming the difficulties mentioned have become known.

For example, on ovens with circulating heating, above and below the baking chambers are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the oven running heating channels charged with the heating gases have been provided on the operating side to a vertically upwardly directed feed channel arranged inside the furnace and at the rear to a vertically downward discharge channel which is also arranged in the interior of the furnace are connected. This design has the disadvantage that it is because of the on the operator side and on the back existing supply and discharge channels in the longitudinal direction very much Takes up space. In addition, there is a position in the oven between the operating side and the rear a very high temperature gradient, which is due to the regulation of the over the length of the furnace cannot be compensated for with the same flow rate of the heating gases.

Another oven designed as a deck oven has four over the entire length of the oven Channels, namely a lower flow distribution channel consisting of two parallel sub-channels, an upper collecting channel with collecting line and two lateral ones through several guide plates subdivided riser shafts for the heating gases to be supplied. To the riser shafts or the through the Partial shafts formed by baffles are connected in the middle to closed radiators Halves the heating gases are fed back to the center and back by means of pipes. This type of construction is extraordinary awkward to manufacture and assemble, as a result very expensive and prone to failure.

There is also a device for hot air heating of deck ovens become known in which the Supply of the hot heating gases by means of a shaft arranged on the rear and the discharge the cooled heating gases at the rear end downwards. To ensure even heating To achieve this, the heating gases introduced into the radiators from behind are passed through a series Openings on both sides from the Radia circulation oven with tiered one above the other arranged baking rooms

Applicant:

Ms. Winkler K. G.

Special factory

for bakery machines and ovens,

Villingen (Black Forest)

Named as inventor:

Hans-Peter Jansen, Villingen (Black and White)

gates into lateral discharge shafts, which into a lower one, which extends from front to back

ao collecting space open out. This design has the consequence that the oven has a much greater width must receive than that would be necessary in itself. In addition, the heating gases cool on their way from back to front so strongly that there is no question of even heat distribution can.

Furthermore, the radiators in indirectly heated shooting furnaces have been equipped with baffles, brought up through a feed channel located on one side of the furnace at the front Guide heating gases to the rear in channels running parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction of the furnace and into guide a discharge channel arranged on the same side as the supply channel. As with this Arrangement neither in the longitudinal direction nor in the transverse direction to a uniform temperature distribution is achieved, the heating gas inlets and outlets and those between them are used in a newer furnace The baffles of the radiators are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the longitudinal center plane of the furnace. Through this an improvement in heat distribution is achieved in the transverse direction, but not in the longitudinal direction. Last but not least, this design has a considerable complication and an increased space requirement in lateral direction result.

The invention aims to provide a circulating oven that is easy to manufacture and assemble with baking rooms arranged one above the other, with the least possible Space requirement, especially in the lateral direction, an approximately even heat distribution in Bringing longitudinal and transverse direction with it.

709 689/1

It is based on a deck oven, in which below and above the baking rooms as Flat hollow body formed, closed at the front radiators are arranged, which Extend over the entire width and length of the furnace and at the rear in such a way on a feed shaft and a discharge shaft are closed so that the heating gas flows through the radiators in a U-shape from behind go through to the front and back again.

The object on which the invention is based is essentially achieved by a special subdivision the radiators solved with the help of partitions and baffles.

In the case of room heating stoves, it is known to depend on the flow cross-section of the heating gas ducts to vary from the flow path. While here, however, an optimal utilization of the heating gas, i. H. the greatest possible cooling of the heating gas between inlet and outlet is to be achieved For an oven to work properly, the even heating of the baking surface is an important factor Pre-condition.

To solve the problem according to the invention, it is proposed that in each of the radiators one of the between Feed chute and discharge chute arranged partition wall obliquely directed forward, the The flow cross-section of the central guide plate reducing the heating gas flow coming from the feed shaft to be provided and to guide the heating gases further baffles in the heating gas flow in front of and to both To arrange sides of the middle baffle.

This simple construction, which does not result in any significant increase in manufacturing costs, leads to a surprisingly uniform heating of the baking rooms, so that the entire baking surface lying baked goods are exposed to approximately the same temperature.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, both of the heating gas supply and discharge are located serving shafts at the rear of the furnace side by side. They each lead to one of two arranged next to one another in the lower part of the furnace, separated from one another by a partition Gas ducts that have a burner and a circulation fan on the front of the furnace Intermediate channel are in communication with each other. This design reduces the space required also in the longitudinal direction considerably and results in a further improvement in the heat distribution.

While in the known furnace on a symmetrical or mirror-symmetrical arrangement of the Great importance was attached to the heating gas flows guided by the baffles in the radiators is, the invention deliberately departs from this. Rather, according to the invention, the radiators are also asymmetrical provided obliquely arranged baffles, which are directed so that they change flow velocities of the heating gases.

With the help of this design, it is possible, which largely depends on the flow velocity Adjust the heat emission per unit of time and unit of area according to whether a uniform Heat dissipation and / or an additional compensation for excessive heat loss, e.g. B. on the doors shall be. Accordingly, according to the invention, the baffles delimit inside the radiators one that increases steadily or discontinuously from the entry to the exit of the heating gases or, if necessary also partially decreasing passage cross-section and thus cause a corresponding reduction or increasing the flow rate.

In the following, as an embodiment of the invention, a multi-storey shooting oven is shown on hand the schematic drawing explained in more detail. In this shows

F i g. 1 a longitudinal section of an oven,

F i g. 2 shows a section along the line CC in FIG. 1 and

F i g. 3 shows a section along the line DD in FIG. 1.

The oven shown has a smooth front wall 1 on the operating side A , which is only interrupted by the insertion openings 2. At the bottom there is a burner 3 and a circulation fan 4, which supplies the cooled heating gases to the burner.

The furnace also has a base plate 5, a support plate 6 for the radiators 7 ¹ to 7 ⁵ , a cover plate 8, smooth side walls 9, 9 ' and a smooth rear wall 10 on the rear side B. The support plate 6 ends just like the radiators 7 ¹ to 7 ⁵ at a certain distance from the inside of the rear wall 10 and form with this a duct which is divided by a partition 11 into a feed duct 12 for the hot heating gases and a discharge duct 13 for the cooled heating gases. Both shafts 12, 13 can have an upwardly decreasing cross-section in the usual way.

A space is formed by the base plate 5 and the support plate 6, which in turn by means of an intermediate wall 14 is divided into two sub-spaces 15, 16, of which one sub-space 15 with the burner 3 and the feed shaft 12 and the other sub-space 16 with the circulation fan 4 and the discharge shaft 13 related.

^{The radiators 7 1} to 7 ⁵ , which are used to generate the bottom and top heat in the baking chambers arranged one above the other in the form of floors, extend over the entire width and length of the baking chamber. They are closed on the operating side A and on the sides, open on the rear side B and open there into the two shafts 12, 13. By means of asymmetrically attached baffles 17, 18, 19 and 20, two adjacent, surrounding heating channels are formed within the radiators. While the inner channel runs along from the inner inlet opening between the outer baffles 17, 18, 19 and the middle baffle 20 and goes around the free end of this baffle 20 to the inner outlet opening, the outer channel extends between the outer inlet opening the outer walls and the guide surfaces 17, 18, 19 to the outer outlet opening. Each of the two heating ducts, viewed over its entire length, has a cross-section that decreases from the inlet to the outlet. This cross-sectional reduction is caused by the central, obliquely forwardly directed baffle plate 11, and it has the consequence that the heating gases as a whole have a flow velocity increasing from the inlet to the outlet. This is at the front of the furnace, due to the narrow gap between the front end of the central guide plate 11 and the front guide plate 18, greatest, so that the greatest amount of heat is emitted here. This is necessary because on the front of the furnace due to the presence of the

Schießöflnung and the temporary opening of this opening after a particularly strong heat dissipation done outside.

The changes in cross-section of the heating ducts described above and the resulting changes An increase in the average speed of the heating gases has the consequence that despite a falling heating gas temperature almost even heat transfer over the entire surface of the radiators causes the baking rooms and caused an almost identical temperature within these baking rooms will.

It is also possible to adapt to the respective conditions and the conditions that may arise as a result different types of heat dissipation other than the central baffle designed and arranged differently Provide guide plates and so the flow cross-sections of the heating channels and thus the flow velocities to change the heating gases and the heat output. ao

As the drawing shows, the stove and radiators are simple and therefore allow a time and cost saving production and assembly. Most of all arise, especially as a result the side-by-side arrangement of the supply and discharge shafts for the heating gases on the operator's side opposite side, a significant space saving and a reduction in heat dissipation outward.

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Circulating oven with baking rooms arranged one above the other and below and above these baking rooms, designed as flat hollow bodies, extending over the entire width and length of the oven, closed at the front and connected to a feed duct and a discharge duct at the rear of the oven are that the heating gases run through the radiators in a U-shape from the back to the front and back again, characterized in that in ^{each of the radiators (7 1} to 7 ⁵ ) one of the dividing wall arranged between the supply duct (12) and discharge duct (13) (11) obliquely forward, the flow cross-section of the heating gas flow coming from the feed shaft (12) reducing the middle baffle (20) is provided and for guiding the heating gases further baffles (17, 18, 19) in the heating gas flow in front of or on both sides of the middle baffle (20) are provided. 2. circulating oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed shaft (12) and the discharge chute (13) are arranged next to one another at the rear of the furnace. 3. Circulating oven according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the two Shafts (12, 13) each in one of two arranged side by side in the lower furnace part (5) an intermediate wall (14) separated from each other gas channels (15, 16) open which on the furnace front via an intermediate duct having a burner (3) and a circulation fan (4) are related to each other. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 159 569;
German Auslegeschrift No. 1112951;
Austrian Patent No. 190 010;
Swiss Patent No. 36 379;
U.S. Patent No. 1,685,870. 1 sheet of drawings 709 689/1 11.67 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin