DE102007030542A1 - Capacitor adjustment method of traction battery system of plug-in hybrid vehicle, involves using traction battery system, which has multiple self-sufficient functional battery module - Google Patents

Capacitor adjustment method of traction battery system of plug-in hybrid vehicle, involves using traction battery system, which has multiple self-sufficient functional battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102007030542A1
DE102007030542A1 DE102007030542A DE102007030542A DE102007030542A1 DE 102007030542 A1 DE102007030542 A1 DE 102007030542A1 DE 102007030542 A DE102007030542 A DE 102007030542A DE 102007030542 A DE102007030542 A DE 102007030542A DE 102007030542 A1 DE102007030542 A1 DE 102007030542A1
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Prior art keywords
battery modules
hybrid vehicle
battery
vehicle
plug
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German (de)
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Szabolcs Dr.Dr.-Ing. Törgyekes
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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Daimler AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/46—Control modes by self learning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves using a traction battery system, which has multiple self-sufficient functional battery module (3). An electrical machine is used for compensation of the voltage drop of the self-sufficient functional battery module, which can supply drive power up to 50 percent under its rated voltage. An independent claim is also included for the plug-in hybrid vehicle.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Anpassen der Kapazität des Traktionsbatteriesystems bei Plug-In Hybridfahrzeugen. Das Traktionsbatteriesystem von Hybridfahrzeugen, insbesondere vom Typ Plug-In, wird entsprechend der maximal vorgesehenen rein elektrisch gefahrenen Streckenlänge ausgelegt. Sie kann unter Umständen bis zu 30 km (mit effizienterer und größerer Batterie künftig sogar deutlich mehr) betragen und setzt bei Plug-In Hybridfahrzeugen im Vergleich zu Micro-, Mild- oder Full-Hybridfahrzeugen eine wesentlich höhere Batteriespeicherkapazität voraus. Durch die hohe Speicherkapazität erhöht sich das Fahrzeuggewicht, was insbesondere im Stadtverkehr einen erhöhten Energieverbrauch des Fahrzeugs zur Folge hat und sich ungünstig auf die Reichweite auswirkt.The The invention relates to a method and a device for adaptation the capacity of the traction battery system for plug-in hybrid vehicles. The traction battery system of hybrid vehicles, in particular of the plug-in type, according to the designed maximum intended purely electrically driven route length. You may be able to up to 30 km (with more efficient and larger battery in the future even significantly more) and is used in plug-in hybrid vehicles in the Compared to micro, mild or full hybrid vehicles a significantly higher battery storage capacity ahead. By the high storage capacity elevated the vehicle weight, which is especially in city traffic increased Energy consumption of the vehicle entails and unfavorable the range affects.

Das Traktionsbatteriesystem von Plug-In Hybridfahrzeugen wird nach dem Stand der Technik entsprechend der maximal vorgesehenen rein elektrisch gefahrenen Streckenlänge ausgelegt. Dies führt bei den heute üblichen elektrochemischen Speichermedien (z.B. Nickel-Metallhydrid- oder Lithium-lon-Batterien) zu einem erhöhten Leergewicht des Plug-In Hybridfahrzeugs (in der Regel um bis zu 300 kg), das gegenüber dem Leergewicht eines konventionellen Fahrzeugs mit Flüssigkeitstank auch beim leeren Speichermedium nahezu komplett erhalten bleibt und zusammen mit dem Fahrzeug auf der Strecke dynamisch bewegt werden muss.The Traction battery system of plug-in hybrid vehicles will after the State of the art according to the maximum provided purely electrically driven route length designed. this leads to in the usual today electrochemical storage media (e.g., nickel metal hydride or lithium ion batteries) to an increased Curb weight of the plug-in hybrid vehicle (usually up to 300 kg), opposite the empty weight of a conventional vehicle with liquid tank even with the empty storage medium is almost completely preserved and be dynamically moved along with the vehicle on the track got to.

Ferner soll die aus dem Stromnetz geladene elektrische Energie zwischen zwei Batterieaufladungen zur Erhöhung der Wirtschaftlichkeit prinzipbedingt möglichst vollständig verbraucht werden. Die in der Praxis zwischen zwei Batterieaufladungen zurückgelegte Streckenlänge übersteigt allerdings die rein elektrisch fahrbare Streckenlänge meistens um das mehrfache. So sind längere Streckenabschnitte mit einer weitestgehend entladenen, aber mit ihrem hohen Gewicht das Fahrzeug belastenden Traktionsbatterie erforderlich. Das Mitführen des kompletten batteriebedingten Zusatzgewichts auch auf diesen Streckenabschnitten verursacht dann einen erhöhten Verbrauch an flüssigem oder gasförmigem Kraftstoff.Further should the electrical energy charged from the mains between two battery charges to increase the economy as a matter of principle consumed as completely as possible become. The covered in practice between two battery charges Track length exceeds However, the purely electrically mobile track length mostly around the multiple. So are longer Track sections with a largely unloaded, but with their high weight vehicle load traction battery required. Carrying the complete battery-related additional weight also on these sections then causes an increased consumption on liquid or gaseous Fuel.

Im Stand der Technik sind Lösungen für den Aufbau und die Steuerung von Traktionsbatterien für Hybridfahrzeuge bekannt. Diese weisen folgende Nachteile auf: Sie haben keinen modularen Aufbau, es besteht keine Ausbaumöglichkeit für nichtbenutzte Batterieteile, das Mitschleppen der kompletten Traktionsbatterie ist auf der gesamten Fahrstrecke im Fahrzeug erforderlich und das Fahrzeugleergewicht sowie der Energiebedarf bzw. der Energieverbrauch (Kraftstoff und/oder elektrische Energie) erhöhen sich.in the The state of the art are solutions for the construction and control of traction batteries for hybrid vehicles. These have the following disadvantages: they have no modular Structure, there is no extension possibility for unused Battery parts, the entrainment of the complete traction battery is required on the entire route in the vehicle and the Vehicle empty weight as well as the energy requirement or the energy consumption (fuel and / or electrical energy) increase.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Anpassen der Kapazität des Traktionsbatteriesystems bei Plug-In Hybridfahrzeugen zu schaffen, durch die das mitgeführte Gewicht der (vollständig oder teilweise) entladenen Traktionsbatterie verringert wird.Of the Invention is based on the object, a method and an apparatus to adjust the capacity the traction battery system in plug-in hybrid vehicles, through which the carried Weight of (completely or partially) discharged traction battery is reduced.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Verfahrensanspruchs und durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Vorrichtungsanspruchs gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung mit zugehörigen Zeichnungen.The The object is achieved by a Method with the features of the independent method claim and by a device having the features of the independent device claim solved. Preferred embodiments and further developments of the invention result from the dependent ones claims and the following description with accompanying drawings.

Der Kern der Erfindung ist somit das permanente Anpassen von Speicherkapazität, Größe und Gewicht der Traktionsbatterie zwischen zwei Aufladungsvorgängen und das Vermeiden des unnötigen Mitschleppens von nichtbenutzten Batterieteilen. Die Erfindung richtet sich also auf ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum ladezustandabhängigen Anpassen der Speicherkapazität des Traktionsbatteriesystems bei Plug-In Hybridfahrzeugen, wodurch die Größe der Traktionsbatterie für das Reduzieren des Kraftstoffverbrauchs zwischen zwei Aufladungsvorgängen der Traktionsbatterie laufend optimiert wird.Of the The core of the invention is thus the permanent adaptation of storage capacity, size and weight the traction battery between two charging processes and the avoidance of unnecessary entrainment from unused battery parts. The invention is therefore directed to a method and apparatus for charging state dependent customization of memory of the traction battery system in plug-in hybrid vehicles, thereby the size of the traction battery for the Reducing fuel consumption between two charging processes Traction battery is constantly optimized.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung hat folgende Vorteile: Verlängerung der rein elektrisch fahrbaren Fahrstrecke beim Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug, Reduzierung von streckenbezogenem Diesel-/Benzinverbrauch, Verlängerung der Lebensdauer und Erhöhung der Zuverlässigkeit der Traktionsbatterie sowie Verbesserung der Fahrleistungen im rein verbrennungsmotorischen Betrieb.A inventive device has the following advantages: extension the purely electric driving route in the plug-in hybrid vehicle, Reduction of distance related diesel / gasoline consumption, extension the life and increase the reliability the traction battery as well as improving the performance in pure internal combustion engine operation.

Vorteilhafterweise besteht die als Traktionsbatteriesystem fungierende Vorrichtung aus autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodulen, die jeweils in einem eigenen Gehäuse eingebaut und mit einem eigenen Batteriemanagementsystem ausgerüstet sind. Die einzelnen Module sind im Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug an einer oder mehreren Stellen von innen und/oder außen gut zugänglich angebracht, miteinander mechanisch sowie elektrisch verbunden und an den Niedertemperaturkühlkreis über schnelllösbare Kupplungen angeschlossen. Die Batteriemodule beinhalten Energiezellen und/oder Leistungszellen und sind miteinander parallel und/oder seriell verschaltet. Um den durch die Entladung der Batteriezellen entstehenden Spannungsabfall zu kompensieren, wird in das Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug eine Elektromaschine eingebaut, die bis zu 50% unter ihrer Nennspannung noch Antriebsleistung liefern kann. Ferner wird im Hybridantriebsstrang das sich ändernde Spannungsniveau des Traktionsbatteriesystems durch einen verstellbaren Transformator zwischen dem Inverter und der Elektromaschine ausgeglichen.advantageously, consists of the device acting as a traction battery system from self-sufficient Battery modules, each installed in its own housing and equipped with its own battery management system. The individual modules are in plug-in hybrid vehicle at one or more Make inside and / or outside easily accessible attached to each other mechanically and electrically connected and to the low-temperature cooling circuit via quick-release couplings connected. The battery modules include energy cells and / or Power cells and are connected to each other in parallel and / or in series. To the voltage drop caused by the discharge of the battery cells To compensate, an electric machine is installed in the plug-in hybrid vehicle, which still deliver drive power up to 50% below their rated voltage can. Furthermore, in the hybrid powertrain, the changing Voltage level of the traction battery system by an adjustable Balanced transformer between the inverter and the electric machine.

Die Speicherkapazität des Traktionsbatteriesystems und somit das mitzuführende Batteriegewicht wird nach dem partiellen Entladen vorteilhafterweise durch den Ausbau einzelner Batteriemodule an einer/mehreren bestimmten Stelle/Stellen entlang der Strecke schrittweise reduziert. Dabei wird die zur rekuperativen Energierückgewinnung erforderliche Batteriekapazität für die Strecke bis zur nächster Aufladung entsprechend den Fahrt- und Umgebungsbedingungen, den Streckenparametern sowie dem Fahrstil des Fahrers mit Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz (z.B. neuronalen Netzten, Fuzzy-Logik) permanent berechnet und an Fahrer/Fahrzeuginsassen und/oder mindestens eine externe Person bzw. ein externes System kommuniziert. Die Rekuperation betrifft allgemein die Rückgewinnung von Energie, zum Beispiel bei Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeugen, die beim Abbremsen elektrischen Strom erzeugen und in einer Batterie speichern. Eine Anwendung findet sich beispielsweise im Zusammenhang mit der elektromotorischen Bremse.The memory the traction battery system and thus the battery weight to be carried is advantageously after the partial unloading by the expansion individual battery modules at one / more specific location / points gradually reduced along the route. This is the recuperative Energy recovery required battery capacity for the Route to the next Charging according to the driving and environmental conditions, the Route parameters and the driving style of the driver with methods of artificial Intelligence (e.g., neural networks, fuzzy logic) is permanently calculated and to driver / vehicle occupants and / or at least one external Person or an external system communicates. The recuperation affects generally the recovery of energy, for example in electric or hybrid vehicles used in the Decelerate generate electricity and store in a battery. An application is found for example in connection with the electromotive brake.

Der Einbau der entladenen Batteriemodule in das Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug erfolgt dabei entweder an der/den Ausbaustelle/Ausbaustellen (z.B. bei der Rückfahrt zum Depot/Garage) oder erst im Depot/Garage selbst. Im letzteren Fall werden die ausgebauten Batteriemodule vorher zusammengesammelt und ins Depot/Garage zurückgebracht. Während des Ausbaus der entladenen Batteriemodule können die im Fahrzeug verbleibenden Batteriemodule geladen, entladen, refresht oder konditioniert, formiert werden (z.B. durch impulsförmige Schnell- oder Erhaltungsladung).Of the Installation of the discharged battery modules in the plug-in hybrid vehicle takes place either at the construction site (s) (e.g. on the way back to the depot / garage) or only in the depot / garage itself. In the latter Case, the removed battery modules are collected together in advance and returned to the depot / garage. While the removal of the discharged battery modules can remain in the vehicle Battery modules charged, discharged, refreshed or conditioned, formed (for example, by pulse-shaped Fast or trickle charge).

In einer zweckmäßigen Ausführung der Erfindung werden die ausgebauten Batteriemodule an der/den Ausbauort/Ausbauorten wieder aufgeladen und bei der Rückfahrt in das Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug eingebaut.In an expedient embodiment of Invention will be the dismantled battery modules at the / the development / expansion locations recharged and on the way back built into the plug-in hybrid vehicle.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung werden die entladenen Batteriemodule an vorher festgelegtem/festgelegten Ausbauort/Ausbauorten durch kompatible, vollgeladene Batteriemodule ersetzt. Die ausgebauten Batteriemodule werden dann bis zum nächsten Wechsel über das Stromnetz vor Ort wieder aufgeladen. Dadurch wird die rein elektrisch fahrbare Streckelänge des Plug-In Hybridfahrzeugs erhöht, sein streckenbezogener Diesel-/Benzinverbrauch gesenkt und die Lebensdauer sowie die Zuverlässigkeit der Traktionsbatterie erhöht.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention the discharged battery modules are pre-set / fixed Extending / upgrading locations by compatible, fully charged battery modules replaced. The dismantled battery modules are then until the next change over the Power grid recharged locally. This will make the purely electric mobile stretch length of the plug-in hybrid vehicle increases, its track-bound diesel / gasoline consumption lowered and the life and reliability of the traction battery elevated.

In vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ist ein Traktionsbatteriesystem mit autarken, parallel/seriell, über schnelllösbare Kupplungen verschalteten, von innen/außen gut zugänglichen Batteriemodulen aus Energiezellen/Leistungszellen mit eigenem Gehäuse/Batteriemanagementsystem, breitem Spannungsbereich der Elektromaschine, verstellbarem Transformator zwischen Inverter und Elektromaschine zur Spannungsniveaukompensation, Anpassung von Speicherkapazität, Größe, Gewicht des Traktionsbatteriesystems durch Batteriemodulausbau, permanente Berechnung und interne/externe Kommunikation benötigter Batteriekapazität für Rekuperation mit Fahrt-/Umgebungs-/Strecken-/Fahrstilparametern und künstlicher Intelligenz, Ladung Batteriemodule an Ausbauort/Ausbauorten, Ersetzung leeren Batteriemodule durch vollgeladene Module vorgesehen.In advantageous embodiments of the invention is a traction battery system with self-sufficient, parallel / serial, over quick-release Couplings interconnected, easily accessible from the inside / outside battery modules Energy cells / power cells with their own housing / battery management system, wide voltage range of the electric machine, adjustable transformer between inverter and electric machine for voltage level compensation, Adjustment of storage capacity, Height Weight of the traction battery system by battery module removal, permanent Calculation and internal / external communication of required battery capacity for recuperation with ride / environment / route / ride style parameters and artificial Intelligence, charge battery modules at expanding / upgrading locations, replacement empty battery modules provided by fully loaded modules.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die darin beschriebenen Besonderheiten können einzeln oder in Kombination miteinander eingesetzt werden, um bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung zu schaffen.The Invention will be described below with reference to one of the figures embodiment explained in more detail. The peculiarities described therein may be used individually or in combination with each other can be used to preferred embodiments of the invention create.

Dabei zeigen:there demonstrate:

1 den Einbau der Traktionsbatterie in ein Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug. 1 the installation of the traction battery in a plug-in hybrid vehicle.

2 eine Traktionsbatterie mit autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodulen. 2 a traction battery with self-sufficient battery modules.

3 den Einbau eines verstellbaren Transformators in den elektrischen Teil des Hybridantriebsstrangs. 3 the installation of an adjustable transformer in the electrical part of the hybrid powertrain.

Die 1 zeigt ein Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug 1 mit einer Traktionsbatterie 2 aus mehreren Batteriemodulen 3, wobei die Zahl der Batteriemodule 3 zwischen 2 und 1000 betragen kann. Es wird im Verteilerverkehr zur Auslieferung von Kleinpaketen eingesetzt. Dabei fährt es am Vormittag und am Nachmittag dieselbe Route, jedoch in umgekehrter Fahrtrichtung, ab. Am Vormittag werden Pakete verteilt und am Nachmittag die neuen Sendungen wieder eingesammelt.The 1 shows a plug-in hybrid vehicle 1 with a traction battery 2 from several battery modules 3 , where the number of battery modules 3 between 2 and 1000 can be. It is used in distribution for the delivery of small packages. It goes in the morning and in the afternoon the same route, but in the opposite direction, from. In the morning, parcels are distributed and in the afternoon the new shipments are collected again.

Bei den größeren Abladestellen (z.B. Versandhäusern) werden parallel mit der Verteilung der Pakete (z.B. Warenrücksendungen) auch die entladenen Batteriemodule 3 ausgebaut und zur Aufladung an das Stromnetz angeschlossen. Zusätzlich dazu werden die im Fahrzeug 1 verbleibenden Batteriemodule 3 durch Schnellladung kurze Zeit mit hoher elektrischer Leistung geladen. Auf dem Rückweg zum Depot werden dann am Nachmittag die neuen Pakete eingeladen und parallel dazu die geladenen Batteriemodule 3 in das Fahrzeug 1 eingebaut. Zusätzlich werden die im Fahrzeug 1 verbliebenen Batteriemodule 3 durch Schnellladung für die noch bevorstehende restliche Strecke zum Depot erneut mit hoher elektrischer Leistung kurz geladen.At the larger unloading points (eg mail-order houses), the unloaded battery modules become parallel with the distribution of the packages (eg returned goods) 3 removed and connected to the mains for charging. In addition to those in the vehicle 1 remaining battery modules 3 charged by fast charging for a short time with high electrical power. On the way back to the depot, the new packages will be invited in the afternoon and in parallel the charged battery modules 3 in the vehicle 1 built-in. In addition, those in the vehicle 1 remaining battery modules 3 quickly charged again with high electrical power by fast charging for the upcoming remaining route to the depot.

Die 2 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Traktionsbatterie 2 mit autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodulen 3. Die Batteriemodule 3 haben einen ersten Kühlanschluss 4 an das Kühlsystem im Fahrzeug 1 und einen zweiten Kühlanschluss 5 zum Verbinden der Batteriemodule 3 untereinander. Entsprechend haben die Batteriemodule 3 auch einen ersten elektrischen Anschluss 6 zum Anschluss der Traktionsbatterie 2 an das Fahrzeug 1 und einen zweiten elektrischen Anschluss 7 zum Verbinden der Batteriemodule 3 untereinander. Die Batteriemodule 3 sind in parallel und/oder in Reihe geschaltet.The 2 shows an inventive traction battery 2 with self-sufficient battery modules 3 , The battery modules 3 have a first cooling connection 4 to the cooling system in the vehicle 1 and a second cooling port 5 for connecting the battery modules 3 among themselves. The battery modules have the same effect 3 also a first electrical connection 6 for connecting the traction battery 2 to the vehicle 1 and a second electrical connection 7 for connecting the battery modules 3 among themselves. The battery modules 3 are connected in parallel and / or in series.

Die 3 zeigt den Einbau eines verstellbaren Transformators 8 in den elektrischen Teil des Hybridantriebsstrangs. Dargestellt sind das Traktionsbatteriesystem 9, der Inverter 10 (bzw. ggf. Inverters), die Elektromaschine 11 und ein Rad 12 des Fahrzeugs 1.The 3 shows the installation of an adjustable transformer 8th in the electrical part of the hybrid powertrain. Shown are the traction battery system 9 , the inverter 10 (or possibly inverter), the electric machine 11 and a bike 12 of the vehicle 1 ,

11
Plug-In HybridfahrzeugPlug-In hybrid vehicle
22
Traktionsbatterietraction battery
33
Batteriemodulbattery module
44
Kühlanschlusscooling connection
55
Kühlanschlusscooling connection
66
Elektrischen Anschlusselectrical connection
77
elektrischen Anschlusselectrical connection
88th
Verstellbarer TransformatorAdjustable transformer
99
TraktionsbatteriesystemTraction battery system
1010
Inverterinverter
1111
Elektromaschineelectric machine
1212
Radwheel

Claims (23)

Verfahren zum Anpassen der Kapazität des Traktionsbatteriesystems (9) eines Plug-In Hybridfahrzeugs (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Traktionsbatteriesystem (9) verwendet wird, das mehrere autark funktionsfähige Batteriemodule (3) umfasst.Method for adjusting the capacity of the traction battery system ( 9 ) of a plug-in hybrid vehicle ( 1 ), characterized in that a traction battery system ( 9 ), which uses several self-sustaining battery modules ( 3 ). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Kompensieren des Spannungsabfalls der autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) eine Elektromaschine (11) verwendet wird, die bis zu 50% unter ihrer Nennspannung noch Antriebsleistung liefern kann.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that for compensating the voltage drop of the self-sufficient battery modules ( 3 ) an electric machine ( 11 ), which can deliver drive power up to 50% below its rated voltage. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Speicherkapazität des Traktionsbatteriesystems (9) und somit das von dem Fahrzeug (1) mitzuführende Batteriegewicht nach dem partiellen Entladen einer oder mehrerer Module der Traktionsbatterie (2) durch den Ausbau einzelner Batteriemodule (3) an einer bestimmten Stelle und/oder an mehreren bestimmten Stellen entlang der Fahrstrecke des Fahrzeugs (1) reduziert und/oder schrittweise reduziert wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage capacity of the traction battery system ( 9 ) and thus that of the vehicle ( 1 ) battery weight after the partial discharge of one or more modules of the traction battery ( 2 ) by removing individual battery modules ( 3 ) at a specific location and / or at several specific locations along the route of the vehicle ( 1 ) is reduced and / or gradually reduced. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zur rekuperativen Energierückgewinnung erforderliche Batteriekapazität für die Strecke bis zur nächsten Aufladung der Traktionsbatterie (2) permanent berechnet wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery capacity required for recuperative energy recovery for the distance until the next charging of the traction battery ( 2 ) is calculated permanently. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Berechnung unter Berücksichtung eines oder mehrerer folgender Parameter durchgeführt wird: den Fahrtbedingungen, insbesondere Fahrzeugsbetriebs- und/oder -belastungsparameter, den Umgebungsbedingungen, insbesondere meteorologische Parameter und/oder Bebauung, den Streckenparametern, insbesondere topographische Parameter und/oder Streckenführungsparameter und/oder Straßenbelagsparameter, dem Fahrstil des Fahrers.Method according to the preceding claim, characterized characterized in that the calculation taking into account one or more following parameters performed is: the driving conditions, in particular vehicle operating and / or loading parameters, the environmental conditions, in particular meteorological parameters and / or development, the route parameters, in particular topographical Parameters and / or route parameters and / or paving parameters, the driving style of the driver. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Berechnung der zur rekuperativen Energierückgewinnung erforderliche Batteriekapazität für die Strecke bis zur nächsten Aufladung nach Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz, insbesondere nach Methoden der neuronalen Netze oder der Fuzzy-Logik, durchgeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterized that the calculation of the recuperative energy recovery required battery capacity for the Route until the next charge after methods of artificial Intelligence, especially according to methods of neural networks or the fuzzy logic, performed becomes. Verfahren nach einem der der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die für die Strecke bis zur nächsten Aufladung permanent berechnete, zur rekuperativen Energierückgewinnung erforderliche Batteriekapazität an Fahrer/Fahrzeuginsassen und/oder mindestens eine externe Person bzw. ein externes System kommuniziert wird.Method according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that for the route until the next charge permanently calculated, for recuperative energy recovery required battery capacity to driver / passengers and / or at least one external person or system communicates becomes. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Einbau der entladenen Batteriemodule (3) in das Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug (1) an der/den Ausbaustelle/Ausbaustellen, insbesondere bei der Rückfahrt zum Depot/Garage, oder im Depot/Garage selbst erfolgt.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the installation of the discharged battery modules ( 3 ) into the plug-in hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) at the construction site (s), especially when returning to the depot / garage, or in the depot / garage itself. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erst im Depot/Garage eingebauten Batteriemodule (3) vorher zusammengesammelt und ins Depot/Garage zurückgebracht werden.Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the battery modules installed in the depot / garage ( 3 ) previously collected and returned to the depot / garage. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während des Ausbaus der entladenen Batteriemodule (3) die im Fahrzeug (1) verbleibenden Batteriemodule (3) geladen, entladen und/oder refresht oder konditioniert und/oder formiert werden, insbesondere durch vorzugsweise impulsförmige Schnell- oder Erhaltungsladung.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the removal of the discharged battery modules ( 3 ) in the vehicle ( 1 ) remaining battery modules ( 3 ) are loaded, unloaded and / or refreshed or conditioned and / or formed, in particular by preferably pulsed fast or trickle charge. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ausgebauten Batteriemodule (3) an einem oder mehreren Ausbauorten wieder aufgeladen und bei der Rückfahrt in das Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug (1) eingebaut werden.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dismantled battery modules ( 3 ) on one or more recharged and re-entering the plug-in hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) to be built in. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die entladenen Batteriemodule (3) an einem oder mehreren vorher festgelegten Ausbauorten durch kompatible, vollgeladene Batteriemodule (3) ersetzt werden.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharged battery modules ( 3 ) at one or more predetermined locations by compatible, fully charged battery modules ( 3 ) be replaced. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ausgebauten Batteriemodule (3) bis zum nächsten Wechsel über das Stromnetz am Ort des Ausbaus wieder aufgeladen werden.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dismantled battery modules ( 3 ) are recharged until the next change over the electricity mains at the place of the removal. Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug (1) mit einer Traktionsbatterie (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Traktionsbatteriesystem (9) mehrere autark funktionsfähige Batteriemodule (3) umfasst.Plug-in hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) with a traction battery ( 2 ), characterized in that the traction battery system ( 9 ) several self-sufficient battery modules ( 3 ). Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) jeweils in einem eigenen Gehäuse eingebaut und mit einem eigenen Batteriemanagementsystem ausgerüstet sind.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to claim 14, characterized in that the self-sufficient battery modules ( 3 ) are each installed in a separate housing and equipped with its own battery management system. Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) im Plug-In Hybridfahrzeug (1) an einer oder mehreren Stellen angebracht sind, die vom Fahrzeuginneren und/oder vom Fahrzeugäußeren her gut zugänglich sind.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of claims 14 to 15, characterized in that the autonomously functioning battery modules ( 3 ) in the plug-in hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) are attached to one or more locations, which are easily accessible from the vehicle interior and / or the vehicle exterior. Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule Einrichtungen zum mechanischen Verbinden der Batteriemodule (3) aufweisen.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the autonomously functioning battery modules devices for mechanically connecting the battery modules ( 3 ) exhibit. Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) Einrichtungen zum elektrischen Verbinden der Batteriemodule (3) aufweisen.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the self-sufficient battery modules ( 3 ) Means for electrically connecting the battery modules ( 3 ) exhibit. Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) zum Kühlen der Batteriemodule (3) schnelllösbare Kupplungen zum Anschließen an einen Niedertemperaturkühlkreis des Hybridfahrzeugs (1) aufweisen.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the autonomously functioning battery modules ( 3 ) for cooling the battery modules ( 3 ) quick-release couplings for connection to a low-temperature cooling circuit of the hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) exhibit. Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) Energiezellen und/oder Leistungszellen beinhalten.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the self-sufficient battery modules ( 3 ) Include energy cells and / or power cells. Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) miteinander parallel und/oder seriell verschaltet sind.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that autonomously functioning battery modules ( 3 ) are connected to each other in parallel and / or in series. Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zum Kompensieren des Spannungsabfalls der autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) eine Elektromaschine (11) umfasst, die bis zu 50% unter ihrer Nennspannung noch Antriebsleistung liefern kann.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that it compensates for the voltage drop of the self-sufficient battery modules ( 3 ) an electric machine ( 11 ), which can deliver drive power up to 50% below its rated voltage. Hybridfahrzeug (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Ausgleich des sich ändernden Spannungsniveaus der autark funktionsfähigen Batteriemodule (3) zwischen dem Inverter (10) und der Elektromaschine (11) ein Transformator (8) mit verstellbarem Spannungsverhältnis eingebaut ist.Hybrid vehicle ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 14 to 22, characterized in that to compensate for the changing voltage level of the self-sufficient battery modules ( 3 ) between the inverter ( 10 ) and the electric machine ( 11 ) a transformer ( 8th ) with adjustable tension ratio is installed.
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FR2963591A1 (en) * 2010-08-06 2012-02-10 E4V Battery pack for electric battery in e.g. goods or persons transporting hybrid motor vehicle, has cells placed in cell arrangement so as to connect positive terminal of one of cells to negative terminal of other cells
WO2012168133A3 (en) * 2011-06-06 2013-02-07 Sb Limotive Germany Gmbh Battery system, motor vehicle comprising said battery system, and method for producing a ready status for a motor vehicle comprising said battery system
DE102014109430A1 (en) 2014-07-07 2016-01-07 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Energy storage system and method for operating an energy storage system
US10483510B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2019-11-19 Shape Corp. Polarized battery tray for a vehicle
US10632857B2 (en) 2016-08-17 2020-04-28 Shape Corp. Battery support and protection structure for a vehicle
US10661646B2 (en) 2017-10-04 2020-05-26 Shape Corp. Battery tray floor assembly for electric vehicles
US10886513B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2021-01-05 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray having tub-based integration
US11088412B2 (en) 2017-09-13 2021-08-10 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray with tubular peripheral wall
US11155150B2 (en) 2018-03-01 2021-10-26 Shape Corp. Cooling system integrated with vehicle battery tray
US11211656B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2021-12-28 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray with integrated battery retention and support feature
US11214137B2 (en) 2017-01-04 2022-01-04 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray structure with nodal modularity
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DE102007050103A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-04-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vehicle .e. hybrid vehicle, has battery unit connected to electrical system of vehicle, electric connections provided at upper side, lower side and right side of battery unit and another battery unit connected by connections
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WO2009122254A3 (en) * 2008-04-01 2010-06-10 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Hybrid vehicle control device and control method
DE102009037870A1 (en) * 2009-08-18 2011-02-24 Volkswagen Ag Energy storage arrangement for a motor vehicle
FR2963591A1 (en) * 2010-08-06 2012-02-10 E4V Battery pack for electric battery in e.g. goods or persons transporting hybrid motor vehicle, has cells placed in cell arrangement so as to connect positive terminal of one of cells to negative terminal of other cells
CN103717433A (en) * 2011-06-06 2014-04-09 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Battery system, motor vehicle comprising said battery system, and method for producing a ready status for a motor vehicle comprising said battery system
DE102011076981B4 (en) 2011-06-06 2021-08-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery system, motor vehicle with this battery system and method for producing operational readiness in a motor vehicle with this battery system
WO2012168133A3 (en) * 2011-06-06 2013-02-07 Sb Limotive Germany Gmbh Battery system, motor vehicle comprising said battery system, and method for producing a ready status for a motor vehicle comprising said battery system
DE102014109430A1 (en) 2014-07-07 2016-01-07 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Energy storage system and method for operating an energy storage system
US10828995B2 (en) 2014-07-07 2020-11-10 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Energy storage system and method for operating an energy storage system
US11660950B2 (en) 2016-08-17 2023-05-30 Shape Corp. Battery support and protection structure for a vehicle
US10632857B2 (en) 2016-08-17 2020-04-28 Shape Corp. Battery support and protection structure for a vehicle
US11273697B2 (en) 2016-08-17 2022-03-15 Shape Corp. Battery support and protection structure for a vehicle
US11214137B2 (en) 2017-01-04 2022-01-04 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray structure with nodal modularity
US11211656B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2021-12-28 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray with integrated battery retention and support feature
US10886513B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2021-01-05 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray having tub-based integration
US10483510B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2019-11-19 Shape Corp. Polarized battery tray for a vehicle
US11691493B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2023-07-04 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray having tub-based component
US11088412B2 (en) 2017-09-13 2021-08-10 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray with tubular peripheral wall
US10960748B2 (en) 2017-10-04 2021-03-30 Shape Corp. Battery tray floor assembly for electric vehicles
US11267327B2 (en) 2017-10-04 2022-03-08 Shape Corp. Battery tray floor assembly for electric vehicles
US10661646B2 (en) 2017-10-04 2020-05-26 Shape Corp. Battery tray floor assembly for electric vehicles
US11787278B2 (en) 2017-10-04 2023-10-17 Shape Corp. Battery tray floor assembly for electric vehicles
US11155150B2 (en) 2018-03-01 2021-10-26 Shape Corp. Cooling system integrated with vehicle battery tray
US11688910B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2023-06-27 Shape Corp. Vehicle battery tray having tub-based component
DE102022133882A1 (en) 2022-12-19 2024-06-20 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Motor vehicle and method for charging an energy storage device using a charging plug adapter

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