CN216206257U - Array displacement measuring device for monitoring side slope slippage and settlement - Google Patents
Array displacement measuring device for monitoring side slope slippage and settlement Download PDFInfo
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- CN216206257U CN216206257U CN202122651561.6U CN202122651561U CN216206257U CN 216206257 U CN216206257 U CN 216206257U CN 202122651561 U CN202122651561 U CN 202122651561U CN 216206257 U CN216206257 U CN 216206257U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an array displacement measuring device for monitoring side slope slippage and settlement, which comprises a plurality of steel pipes with pulleys, wherein two adjacent steel pipes are connected through flexible joints, and a measuring unit is arranged in each steel pipe; the measuring unit comprises at least two magnetic sensor measuring modules and a magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module which are in serial communication with each other, the measuring device is arranged in an inclinometer pipe or a sedimentation pipe of a side slope, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the inclinometer pipe or the sedimentation pipe corresponding to each steel pipe. According to the utility model, the magnetic sensor and the acceleration sensor are integrated in the device, so that the whole device realizes the real-time remote monitoring of the slope slippage and the settlement displacement, one measuring device simultaneously realizes the measurement of an inclinometer and a settlement instrument, the problems of complexity, limited measuring angle and the like caused by the repeated arrangement of the inclinometer and the settlement instrument in an engineering field are solved, the automatic measurement can be realized, the manual participation is not required, and the arrangement is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of deformation monitoring, in particular to an array displacement measuring device for monitoring side slope slippage and settlement.
Background
The conventional array type displacement meter is a sensor for testing acceleration and displacement based on the testing principle of a micro-electro-mechanical system, is connected with adjacent steel pipes through flexible joints, is internally provided with the sensor, and can be used for deformation testing of geotechnical engineering under a static state.
When the displacement meter is used for monitoring deformation such as slope slippage, the displacement meter needs to be placed in an inclinometer tube, and the displacement meter is easy to freely slide in the inclinometer tube due to no supporting structure, so that the displacement of the common array displacement meter cannot reflect real slope slippage; in addition, currently, the inclinometry and the settlement are measured by independent instruments, only one instrument can be put into a single inclinometry pipe, the arrangement of the instruments is complicated, and the cost is increased; the utility model discloses a "201910507535.0" discloses a soil body layering subsides and horizontal displacement combined measurement device, system, is a measuring device who needs manual operation, needs manual operation device to measure subside and horizontal displacement on every layer respectively, can not realize automatic real-time measurement.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an array displacement measuring device for monitoring side slope slippage and settlement, which realizes real-time remote monitoring of side slope slippage and settlement displacement and solves the problems of complexity, limited measuring angle and the like of repeated arrangement of an engineering field inclinometer and a settlement gauge.
An array displacement measuring device for monitoring side slope slippage and settlement comprises a plurality of steel pipes with pulleys, wherein two adjacent steel pipes are connected through flexible joints, and a measuring unit is arranged in each steel pipe; the measuring unit comprises at least two magnetic sensor measuring modules and a magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module which are mutually communicated in series, the measuring device is arranged in an inclinometer pipe or a sedimentation pipe of a side slope, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the inclinometer pipe or the sedimentation pipe corresponding to each steel pipe; the magnetic sensor measuring module comprises a first microprocessor, a first magnetic sensor and a first CAN bus communication interface, wherein the first magnetic sensor and the first CAN bus communication interface are connected with the first microprocessor; the magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module comprises a second microprocessor, a second magnetic sensor connected with the second microprocessor, a three-axis acceleration sensor and a second CAN bus communication interface, the second microprocessor is used for data acquisition, calculation and communication protocol processing of the second magnetic sensor, data acquisition, angle calculation and coordinate conversion of the three-axis acceleration sensor, the second magnetic sensor is used for detecting the magnetic induction intensity of the current position in real time, and the three-axis acceleration sensor is used for outputting acceleration values of the sensor in three directions in a three-dimensional space coordinate system.
Furthermore, the magnetic sensor measurement module and the acceleration sensor measurement module are in serial communication through a first CAN bus communication interface and a second CAN bus communication interface by using a CAN bus.
Further, the steel pipe is made of nonmagnetic stainless steel, aluminum or copper.
Further, the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor are one of a hall sensor, an anisotropic magnetic resistance sensor, a giant magnetic resistance sensor, and a tunnel magnetic resistance sensor.
The pulley is arranged on the outer side of the steel pipe, the integrity of the whole structure is not affected, the whole device is connected into a whole, only one cable is led out, and the field installation is convenient; according to the utility model, the magnetic sensor and the acceleration sensor are integrated in the device, so that the whole device realizes the real-time remote monitoring of the slope slippage and the settlement displacement, one measuring device simultaneously realizes the measurement of an inclinometer and a settlement instrument, the problems of complexity, limited measuring angle and the like caused by the repeated arrangement of the inclinometer and the settlement instrument in an engineering field are solved, the automatic measurement can be realized, the manual participation is not required, and the arrangement is simple and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an array displacement measuring device for slope slip and settlement monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the internal circuitry of one of the measurement units of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the measuring unit and the permanent magnet ring in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a prior art magnetic flux measurement method using an array of magnetic sensors to measure displacement;
fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the array displacement measurement method for slope slip and settlement monitoring according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a structural view of one embodiment of the array displacement measuring device for monitoring slope slippage and settlement of the present invention, the device includes a plurality of steel pipes 1 connected in series and provided with pulleys, two adjacent steel pipes are connected by a flexible joint 2, a measuring unit is installed inside each steel pipe 1, the device is placed in an inclinometer pipe or a settlement pipe of a slope during measurement, and a permanent magnet is installed on the inclinometer pipe or the settlement pipe corresponding to each steel pipe.
As shown in fig. 2, the measuring unit 1 includes a plurality of magnetic sensors and a three-axis acceleration sensor, the number and arrangement of the magnetic sensors are determined according to the length of the steel pipe of each measuring unit, each sensor is equipped with a microprocessor and a communication module (such as a CAN bus communication interface) for data acquisition, processing, storage and communication, and is equipped with a power module to ensure stable power supply of each module on the circuit board. Each sensor and other modules form a single measuring module, and the measuring modules are uniformly distributed in the steel pipe. For example, a magnetic sensor 111, a microprocessor 112 and a CAN bus communication interface 113 constitute the magnetic sensor measurement module 11, wherein the magnetic sensor 111 and the CAN bus communication interface 113 are respectively connected to the microprocessor 112; the magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module 12 is composed of a magnetic sensor 121, a triaxial acceleration sensor 123, a microprocessor 122 and a CAN bus communication interface 124, the magnetic sensor 121, the triaxial acceleration sensor 123 and the CAN bus communication interface 124 are respectively connected with the microprocessor 122, and the magnetic sensor measuring module 11 and the magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module 12 communicate with each other through respective CAN bus communication interfaces by using CAN buses. The magnetic sensor measuring module 11 is used for determining the position of the permanent magnet through the detected magnetic induction intensity, and further determining the relative displacement value of the measuring device; the magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module 12 is used for measuring the inclination angle of the device and determining the three-dimensional coordinates of the space through the three-axis acceleration sensor, so as to determine the variation displacement of the measuring device in the three-dimensional space, and also determining the position of the permanent magnet through the magnetic induction intensity detected by the magnetic sensor, so as to determine the relative displacement value of the measuring device.
During on-site measurement, the whole flexible array displacement measurement device is placed in an inclinometer pipe of a side slope, permanent magnets are arranged at different elevations of the inclinometer pipe, the position of one section of steel pipe corresponds to one permanent magnet, such as a permanent magnet magnetic ring, and a single measurement unit is arranged inside each section of steel pipe.
When each measuring unit is installed, a single sensor measuring module circuit board consisting of the magnetic sensor and the triaxial acceleration sensor is uniformly fixed on the semi-cylindrical structural member, and the circuit board and the semi-cylindrical structural member are installed in the steel pipe together after the circuit board is fixed. The steel pipe is made of nonmagnetic stainless steel, aluminum, copper and the like, which otherwise affects the measurement of the magnetic sensor, and the magnetic sensor can be one of Hall sensor, AMR (anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor), GMR (giant magnetoresistive sensor), TMR (giant magnetoresistive sensor) and the like.
The utility model adopts a magnetic flux measuring method of a magnetic sensor array to measure the position of an external permanent magnet magnetic ring, combines a triaxial acceleration sensor to measure the three-dimensional attitude of each measuring unit, and uses a CAN bus to complete the stable communication of a plurality of measuring units and the array magnetic sensor.
The principle of measuring displacement by using a magnetic flux measuring method of a magnetic sensor array in the prior art is introduced as follows:
(1) each section of the measuring unit is provided with a permanent magnet magnetic ring, as shown in fig. 3, the permanent magnet magnetic ring is arranged outside the whole array displacement measuring device, and magnetic flux is generated at the magnetic sensor near the permanent magnet.
(2) The magnetic sensor measures the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic circuit, obtains the voltage value of direct current signal, and the magnetic flux that is closest to the magnetic sensor is the biggest, and the magnetic sensor that upper position or lower position are close to a little also has certain magnetic flux.
(3) The magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic sensor CAN be changed along with the position reduction of the permanent magnet, the voltage value output by the magnetic sensor passes through the amplifier and the filter, the voltage value is converted into a digital signal after being acquired by the A/D of the microprocessor, the microprocessor calculates the sinking displacement of the permanent magnet according to the corresponding relation between the magnetic induction intensity and the displacement between the permanent magnet and the magnetic sensor, and then the displacement calculated value is transmitted to the data acquisition equipment through the CAN bus.
As shown in fig. 4, when a certain point is located on the central axis of the permanent magnet magnetic ring and the distance from the permanent magnet magnetic ring is X, the magnetic induction formula is:
wherein Br is the remanence of the permanent magnet and represents the maximum magnetic flux value provided by the magnet, R is the outer diameter of the permanent magnet magnetic ring, R is the inner diameter of the permanent magnet magnetic ring, and X is the distance between a certain point and the permanent magnet magnetic ring.
Although there is a corresponding calculation formula, it is inconvenient for the microprocessor to directly calculate the distance from the permanent magnet magnetic ring according to the magnetic induction intensity measured by the magnetic sensor, and the magnetic sensor is not exactly installed on the central axis of the magnetic ring. The method adopts a mode of measuring a fitting curve in advance, fits a corresponding curve of the measured value of the magnetic sensor and the position value of the magnetic ring of the permanent magnet, and calculates the distance value through the corresponding curve, which is explained in detail as follows.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an array displacement measurement method for monitoring side slope slippage and settlement, which is carried out by adopting the device and comprises the following steps:
step one, after each section of measuring unit is installed, the measuring unit is placed on an electric calibration table, a permanent magnet magnetic ring is installed on the periphery of the measuring unit, and the same permanent magnet magnetic ring is needed during field installation in order to keep data consistency;
moving the permanent magnet magnetic ring on the calibration platform along the direction of the measuring unit, recording the magnetic induction intensity of each magnetic sensor in the measuring unit at the moment when moving a small section, and fitting a polynomial calibration curve through the displacement of each magnetic sensor and the measurement data of the magnetic induction intensity, wherein the polynomial calibration curve is shown as follows;
X＝a×B(X)2+d×B(X)+e×B(X)-1+f×B(X)-2+c
a. d, e, f and c are calibrated coefficients, X is the displacement value of the magnetic sensor from the magnetic ring of the permanent magnet, and B (X) is the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic sensor. The formula of the calibration curve is adjusted correspondingly according to different performances of the magnetic sensors.
The calibration platform adopts a motor to drive a bearing so that the permanent magnet magnetic ring moves in the axis direction of the device, and the reading heads of the permanent magnet magnetic ring and the grating ruler are relatively fixed, so that the moving distance of the permanent magnet magnetic ring can be obtained according to the data of the grating ruler.
As shown in fig. 5, the distance between two magnetic sensors is L, each measurement unit is located at the first magnetic sensor, and is determined as the measurement origin of the current measurement unit, but here is the estimated position, and needs to be determined by the magnetic sensor measurement value, i.e. the magnetic induction intensity, and B is set01Is the maximum value of the first magnetic sensor when the magnetic ring moves along the whole measuring unit, B01The value is determined by the proximity of the permanent magnet to the first magnetic sensorWhen the magnetic sensor is close to the magnetic sensor, the minimum resolution of the displacement value is used, the displacement value of the minimum resolution is recorded when the permanent magnet moves for each step, and the measurement value of the magnetic induction intensity of the first magnetic sensor is recorded, wherein the maximum measurement value of the magnetic induction intensity is B10. When the measured value B of the first magnetic sensor1＝B10When the magnetic ring moves along the whole measuring unit, the magnetic ring is measured according to a certain interval quantity, the position of the magnetic ring at which the magnetic ring is located can not be found exactly, and at the moment, the magnetic ring is slightly higher or slightly lower than the position of the magnetic sensor at which the magnetic ring is located, so that the position of the magnetic ring at which the magnetic ring is located can be judged according to the value of the second magnetic sensor, B1＝B10When the second magnetic sensor has two measured values, B2＝B2iOr B2＝B2j(wherein B is2i>B2i) The magnetic ring is selected to have a larger value B in the second magnetic sensor2iThe measurement origin is determined, that is, the measurement origin is ensured to be in the interval between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor. When B is present1<B10And B is2>B2iAt this time, the magnetic ring moves toward the second magnetic sensor, and a polynomial calibration curve is formed by the displacement value and the measurement value of the first magnetic sensor.
When the magnetic ring is positioned between the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor, a position needs to be determined, when the magnetic ring moves to the second magnetic sensor from the position, the value of the second magnetic sensor is required to be a calibration value of displacement, and when B is required to be the calibration value of displacement1＝B1k，B2＝B2fWhen B is the junction point between the first and second magnetic sensors1<B1k，B2>B1fThen, a calibration curve is formed by the displacement value and the measured value of the second magnetic sensor until B2＝B2k，B3＝B3f。
B is located at the upper position and the lower position of the second sensor at equal distances2Are identical, and therefore need to be in accordance with B1And B3Is determined to be at a particular location. When B is present1>B3When it is located above the second magnetic sensor, when B is1<B3And is located below the second magnetic sensor.
When the magnetic ring moves towards the third magnetic sensor, the definition method is analogized.
Because a single magnetic sensor has strong magnetic flux to the adjacent permanent magnet magnetic ring, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet magnetic ring corresponding to other measuring units can be ignored and is not influenced by the permanent magnet magnetic ring.
And step three, connecting the steel pipes 1 where the measuring units are located through the flexible joints 2, and installing the steel pipes into an inclinometer pipe or a settling tube, wherein although the field environment changes, the installation position of the magnetic ring and the relative position of the array displacement measuring device are unchanged, and the influence of the field soil on the magnetic induction intensity is small, so that the displacement value of the permanent magnet magnetic ring can be calculated according to a polynomial calibration curve fitted in a laboratory and the magnetic induction intensity measured by the magnetic sensor in real time, the position of the permanent magnet magnetic ring can be determined according to the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic sensor, and the displacement value of the measuring device can be further determined.
And step four, the magnetic sensor of each measuring unit measures the sinking displacement, the three-axis acceleration sensor also measures the space three-dimensional attitude of the three-axis acceleration sensor, the three-dimensional coordinates of the sensor are output after data processing is carried out through the microprocessor, so that the real-time attitude of the whole measuring unit is positioned, and when the sensor is inclined, the inclined angle and the displacement value can be determined through comparison with the coordinate value of the initial state. Although the three-axis acceleration sensor can calculate the three-dimensional space coordinates, the initial value is the acceleration values of the three axes of the sensor and the gravity direction, so when the device only moves downwards along the gravity direction, the displacement along the gravity direction cannot be calculated, and at the moment, the displacement of the method can be compensated by combining the settlement displacement measured by the magnetic sensor, and the coordinate value can be calculated again.
By adopting the CAN bus communication technology, the serial access of 150 sensors CAN be supported.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an array displacement measurement device for side slope is slided and is subsided monitoring which characterized in that: the device comprises a plurality of steel pipes with pulleys, wherein two adjacent steel pipes are connected through a flexible joint, and a measuring unit is arranged in each steel pipe; the measuring unit comprises at least two magnetic sensor measuring modules and a magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module which are mutually communicated in series, the measuring device is arranged in an inclinometer pipe or a sedimentation pipe of a side slope, and a permanent magnet is arranged on the inclinometer pipe or the sedimentation pipe corresponding to each steel pipe; the magnetic sensor measuring module comprises a first microprocessor, a first magnetic sensor and a first CAN bus communication interface, wherein the first magnetic sensor and the first CAN bus communication interface are connected with the first microprocessor; the magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module comprises a second microprocessor, a second magnetic sensor connected with the second microprocessor, a three-axis acceleration sensor and a second CAN bus communication interface, the second microprocessor is used for data acquisition, calculation and communication protocol processing of the second magnetic sensor, data acquisition, angle calculation and coordinate conversion of the three-axis acceleration sensor, the second magnetic sensor is used for detecting the magnetic induction intensity of the current position in real time, and the three-axis acceleration sensor is used for outputting acceleration values of the sensor in three directions in a three-dimensional space coordinate system.
2. The array displacement measurement device for slope slip and settlement monitoring of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic sensor measuring module and the magnetic sensor and acceleration sensor measuring module are in serial communication through a first CAN bus communication interface and a second CAN bus communication interface by using a CAN bus.
3. The array displacement measurement device for slope slip and settlement monitoring of claim 1, wherein: the steel pipe is made of nonmagnetic stainless steel, aluminum or copper.
4. The array displacement measurement device for slope slip and settlement monitoring of claim 1, wherein: the first magnetic sensor and the second magnetic sensor are one of a hall sensor, an anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor, a giant magnetoresistive sensor and a tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116642458A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-08-25 | 北京中弘泰科科技有限公司 | Automatic monitoring system and method for layered settlement and horizontal displacement of dam through same holes |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116642458A (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-08-25 | 北京中弘泰科科技有限公司 | Automatic monitoring system and method for layered settlement and horizontal displacement of dam through same holes |
| CN116642458B (en) * | 2023-07-25 | 2023-10-27 | 江河安澜工程咨询有限公司 | Automatic monitoring system and method for layered settlement and horizontal displacement of dam through same holes |
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