CN204839492U - Blood pressure management device - Google Patents
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- CN204839492U CN204839492U CN201520052647.9U CN201520052647U CN204839492U CN 204839492 U CN204839492 U CN 204839492U CN 201520052647 U CN201520052647 U CN 201520052647U CN 204839492 U CN204839492 U CN 204839492U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a be used for adjusting the blood pressure management device of blood pressure. This blood pressure management device is for to feed back the instrument as a physiology in a ANS (Autonomic nervous system, nervous system restrains oneself) training district section to and be used for providing blood pressure measurement function. During this ANS training district section, a physiological signal sensory unit is depended on to the user on one's body to the physiological signal about receiving the physiological activities that ANS influences is obtained, and an information of representing this physiological activities can be produced according to this physiological signal, and offer the user in real time to pass through physiology feedback and adjust self physiological activities's basis as the user, and then reach the effect that influences the blood pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a blood pressure management device, in particular to a blood pressure management device which can adjust and measure blood pressure simultaneously.
Background
Cardiovascular disease is a disease that affects the heart, blood vessels, or both, and one of the most common causes of cardiovascular disease is hypertension. Hypertension is not only a risk factor of coronary heart disease but also a significant causative factor of stroke, and thus, the world health organization has listed hypertension as one of the important causes of early death worldwide.
As is known, the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is the control system that mostly acts in unconscious conditions, mainly in controlling visceral functions such as heart rate, digestion, sweating, and respiration, and includes the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) and the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS), where SNS is generally responsible for attack or escape (cardio fly) and PNS is generally responsible for rest and digestion (restandsight), and in many cases PNS and SNS have opposite effects, one of which activates a physiological response and the other of which inhibits it.
Sympathetic activation causes arterial constriction in the vascular system, which in turn increases vascular resistance and reduces distal blood flow, which, when present in the human body, causes an increase in arterial pressure, and sympathetic venous constriction reduces venous compliance and blood volume, which in turn increases venous blood pressure, so that the overall effect of sympathetic activation is an increase in cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance (arteries and veins), and arterial blood pressure.
There is considerable evidence that the control effect of some autonomic nerves can be altered through training of physiological feedback. Physiological feedback training is a learning procedure in which a human body controls physiological processes controlled by an autonomic nervous system using consciousness, and during the training, biological signals, such as heart rate or skin temperature, changed in the human body according to the autonomic nervous system are monitored and fed back to a subject in real time, so that the subject can enhance a desired response, and thus, the physiological feedback training is a feasible method for influencing blood pressure for a person with a hypertension problem.
In addition, studies have shown that controlling respiration can affect the balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and in general, sympathetic activity can be reduced by reducing the respiratory rate (respirationrate), changing the tidal volume (tidarvolvulme), and/or increasing the ratio of expiratory periods/inspiratory periods, thus, by changing the respiratory rate, blood pressure can be reduced non-invasively and simply by reducing sympathetic activity.
Therefore, for the user who wants to influence the blood pressure by the physiological feedback, there is a real need for a blood pressure management device, which can provide the user with the function of measuring the blood pressure in addition to the way of observing and influencing the autonomic nervous activity, so that the user can naturally and easily view the previously stored blood pressure record and know the effect of the physiological feedback training each time the user uses the device to perform the physiological feedback training, so as to invisibly and positively stimulate the user to continue the training, and in addition, the user can reasonably perform the blood pressure measurement before and/or after the training, so as to know the effect of the physiological feedback training in real time, and further stimulate the idea of performing the physiological feedback training when measuring the blood pressure, and the two supplement each other, so as to effectively realize the purpose of blood pressure management.
Furthermore, when the physiological signal needs to be acquired during the physiological feedback training, the manner of acquiring the physiological signal is also an important factor affecting the effect and will of the user. As is well known, the physiological feedback training is performed for a long time, so there are several important considerations in selecting a physiological sensor for acquiring physiological signals, for example, if the sensor can maintain stable contact with the skin for a long time, unstable physiological feedback information can be avoided during the physiological feedback; in addition, if the attention of the user for maintaining the contact between the physiological sensor and the skin can be reduced as much as possible, the situation that the user cannot concentrate on or relax the physiological feedback can be avoided, and the sensor design which is easy to install and low in operation difficulty is also beneficial to the user to perform the physiological feedback training in a more relaxed physical and mental state; furthermore, if a reusable physiological sensor is provided, the user can use the physiological sensor for a long time with low cost, so as to accumulate the effect characteristic because the physiological feedback training needs to be performed for a long time. Accordingly, the present invention is based on these considerations when implementing a blood pressure management device.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management device, which provides the function of adjusting and measuring blood pressure simultaneously, for being a breathing guidance tool in an ANS training section, and for providing the function of measuring blood pressure, the device includes:
a control circuit;
a pump controlled by the control circuit;
an inflatable tourniquet for encircling a limb of a user and inflating and deflating the tourniquet by the pump to achieve a blood pressure measurement; and
an information providing unit for providing the information of the user,
wherein,
the device further comprises at least one physiological signal sensing unit with a light sensor;
wherein,
during the course of the ANS training session,
the physiological signal sensing unit is attached to the limb through the tourniquet so as to obtain a physiological signal from blood of a user through the optical sensor;
a respiratory guide signal is provided to the user through the information providing unit; and
the respiration guiding signal is adjusted based on the physiological signal to guide the user to a target respiration mode, thereby achieving the effect of influencing the blood pressure.
In the blood pressure management device, the physiological signal sensing unit is implemented to be arranged on the tourniquet.
The blood pressure management device further comprises a shell carried by the tourniquet, and the physiological signal sensing unit is implemented to be combined with the shell.
In the blood pressure management device, the physiological signal includes one or more of the following: heart rate, respiratory information, and blood oxygen concentration.
The blood pressure management device further comprises a transmission module, and the information providing unit is implemented to output the respiration guidance signal to an external device through the transmission module so as to provide the information to the user through the external device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management device for being a physiological feedback tool in an ANS training section, and for providing a blood pressure measurement function, the device comprising:
a control circuit;
a pump controlled by the control circuit;
an inflatable tourniquet for encircling a limb of a user and inflating and deflating the tourniquet by the pump to achieve a blood pressure measurement; and
an information providing unit for providing the information of the user,
wherein,
the device further comprises a physiological signal sensing unit having a light sensor; and
wherein,
during the course of the ANS training session,
the physiological signal sensing unit is attached to the limb through the tourniquet so as to obtain a physiological signal from blood of a user through the optical sensor;
generating information representing the blood physiology of the user according to the physiological signal; and
the information representing the blood physiology of the user is provided to the user in real time through the information providing unit so as to be used as a basis for the user to adjust the physiological activity of the user through physiological feedback, thereby achieving the effect of influencing the blood pressure.
In the blood pressure management device, the device is further configured to generate a prompt signal to prompt a user to execute the ANS training session when the blood pressure matches a predetermined condition.
In the blood pressure management device, a breathing guidance signal is further provided during the ANS training segment to guide the user towards a target breathing pattern.
In the blood pressure management device, the respiration guidance signal is further adjusted according to the information representing the blood physiology of the user.
The blood pressure management device further comprises a transmission module, and the information providing unit is implemented to output the information to an external device through the transmission module so as to provide the information to the user through the external device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management device, which provides a way for a user to adjust blood pressure through autonomic neurophysiologic feedback training.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management device, which employs a wearable physiological signal sensing unit to allow the physiological sensing element to be stably disposed on the body of the user for a long time, so as to be beneficial to obtain high-quality physiological signals during the feedback training.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management device, which can achieve the feedback effect by providing the relevant autonomic nerve information of the user during the physiological feedback training period, and can help to adjust the blood pressure.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management device, which can provide breathing guidance during the period of physiological feedback of the user through breathing training, so as to further help the blood pressure adjustment.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management device, which can achieve the effect of physiological feedback by providing the information of the related breath of the user during the period of physiological feedback through the breathing training of the user, thereby being beneficial to the adjustment of blood pressure.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a blood pressure management device, which obtains the relative relationship between the blood pressure value and the physiological signal obtained by the physiological sensing element by obtaining the blood pressure value through the inflatable tourniquet before the feedback training, and further provides the information about the blood pressure variation trend during the physiological feedback training.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a blood pressure management method, which has an operation procedure to allow the user to naturally record the blood pressure values before and after the feedback training period, thereby helping to understand the effect of the physiological feedback training.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for managing blood pressure, which is used to remind the user to perform a physiological feedback training when the blood pressure value is higher than a preset value.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management method, which can obtain the physiological signal for HRV analysis during the period of blood pressure measurement, so as to simultaneously display the blood pressure value and the HRV analysis result, and further allow the user to know the relationship between the blood pressure value and the autonomic nervous activity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood pressure management method, which can remind the user to perform an HRV measurement when the blood pressure value is higher than a preset value, so as to let the user know the relationship between the blood pressure value and the autonomic nervous activity through the HRV analysis result.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a blood pressure management method, which can record the measured blood pressure value and the feedback training process to be the basis for the user to observe the relationship between the blood pressure change and the physiological feedback training.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a block schematic diagram of a blood pressure management device according to the present invention;
2-3 show an exemplary example of a blood pressure management device according to the present invention, employing an optical sensor;
fig. 4A, 4B1, 4B2 and 4C show an exemplary example of a blood pressure management device, a light sensor and a tourniquet in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4D1, 4D2, and 4E illustrate an exemplary example of a blood pressure management device, an optical sensor, and a housing according to the present invention;
fig. 5 shows an exemplary example of a blood pressure management device, an optical sensor and a tourniquet according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a blood pressure management device according to the present invention, employing an electrocardio-electrode;
FIGS. 7A-7C show an exemplary embodiment of a blood pressure management device, an electrode in combination with a tourniquet, in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS. 8A-8C show an exemplary embodiment of a blood pressure management device according to the present invention employing the electrode arrangement shown in FIGS. 7A-7C;
FIGS. 9A-9C show an exemplary embodiment of the combination of the electrodes and the housing of the blood pressure management device of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the blood pressure management device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 shows an exemplary embodiment of the blood pressure management device of the present invention, implemented to detect electrodermal activity;
FIG. 12 shows a blood pressure management device of the present invention implemented as an exemplary example of detecting the temperature of a limb extremity;
FIGS. 13-14 show an exemplary embodiment of a blood pressure management device of the present invention, employing a respiratory motion sensing strap;
FIG. 15 shows an exemplary embodiment of a blood pressure management device of the present invention, employing a respiratory motion sensing strap and a finger-worn light sensor; and
fig. 16-19 show a flow chart of the operation of the blood pressure management device of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
10 casing
11 finger-worn optical sensor
12 ear wearing type optical sensor
13 optical sensor
14 tourniquet
15 hook-and-loop fastener
111 surface
112 bearing structure
113 electrode
114 opening
Detailed Description
The utility model relates to a blood pressure management device who has blood pressure adjustment function and blood pressure measurement function simultaneously, just the utility model discloses in, this blood pressure adjustment function is realized through carrying out the physiological feedback procedure related to autonomous nervous system (ANS, automatic neural system).
First, please refer to fig. 1, which shows a block diagram of a blood pressure management device according to the present invention. The blood pressure management device comprises a control circuit, an inflatable tourniquet, a pump and an information providing unit, wherein the control circuit is used for controlling the operation of the blood pressure management device, the tourniquet is used for surrounding a limb of a user and can be inflated and deflated through the pump to generate pressure change so as to detect the blood pressure of the user, and the information providing unit is used for providing information for the user.
Furthermore, in order to realize the purpose of adjusting the blood pressure by performing the physiological feedback, the blood pressure management device according to the present invention further comprises a physiological signal sensing unit for measuring the physiological signal changed by the physiological feedback during the execution of the physiological feedback, and wherein the physiological signal sensing unit comprises a wearing structure and a physiological sensing element combined with the wearing structure, so that the physiological sensing element is disposed on the body of the user through the wearing structure during the period of extracting the physiological signal.
Here, in particular, the physiological signal sensing unit according to the present invention is implemented in a wearable form because, as is well known, the physiological feedback needs to be performed for a predetermined time period, for example, 15 minutes or longer, so that, in order to enable the user to perform the physiological feedback without worrying about the setting of the physiological sensing element, the present invention utilizes the wearing structure to carry the physiological sensing element, so that the physiological sensing element can be stably set on the user for a long time, which is not only beneficial to obtaining stable physiological signals, but also enables the user to perform the physiological feedback procedure with more concentration.
Therefore, the procedure for performing the physiological feedback training by using the blood pressure management device of the present invention is: firstly, the user sets the physiological signal sensing unit on the body through the wearing structure to continuously obtain the physiological signal during the training period, then, after the physiological feedback training is started, the control circuit executes a preloaded formula to analyze the obtained physiological signal and/or compare the analysis result with a preset target, then, the obtained physiological signal, the information related to the analysis result and/or the information related to the comparison result are provided for the user in real time through the information providing unit, after the user receives the information, the user adjusts the self body and mind conditions through stabilizing emotion, relaxing the body and mind and the like, further influences the autonomic nerve and reacts on the change of the measured physiological signal and the provided information, therefore, the user can continuously adjust the body and mind conditions through knowing the change of the information, and gradually towards the physiological state of the target. This is the so-called physiological feedback loop.
Therefore, in the present invention, the information provided by the information providing unit may include, but is not limited to, information obtained when measuring blood pressure using the tourniquet, such as blood pressure value, average heart rate, and the like, and information required for performing physiological feedback training, such as information representing real-time physiological conditions and information guiding the user toward target physiological conditions.
The information providing unit can provide information by visual, auditory, and tactile means, for example, the information providing unit can be implemented as a display element and/or a light emitting element to provide information by means of text display, graphic change and/or lamp signal change; alternatively, the information providing unit may also be implemented as a sound module to provide information by way of voice or change in sound frequency or volume; alternatively, the information providing unit may be implemented as a vibration module, and provide information by using a variation manner such as intensity and length of vibration.
In addition, the information providing unit may be further implemented to output information to an external device through a wired transmission module or a wireless transmission module, so as to provide the information to the user through the external device, wherein the external device may be, but is not limited to, a personal computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, or a smart watch, and the like, as long as the device is capable of providing the information to the user, and thus, there is no limitation.
In addition, there are many options for implementing the information providing unit, for example, in a preferred embodiment, it is implemented in combination with components worn on the user, such as a tourniquet and a physiological signal sensing unit; alternatively, in another preferred embodiment, it is implemented in combination with an operation interface of the device, such as a display screen, an indicator light, etc., so that an appropriate form can be selected according to the requirements of the actual implementation.
In the present invention, since the main objective is to achieve the effect of adjusting the blood pressure by executing the physiological feedback program affecting the autonomic nervous system, the physiological signal sensed by the physiological signal sensing unit is a physiological signal that can reflect the activity of the autonomic nerve.
Generally, the activity of the autonomic nervous system can be obtained by HRV (heart rate variability) analysis, and therefore, one of the choices of the physiological sensing device is a sensor that can detect the heart rate sequence of the user, for example, pulse is detected by a photosensor, where the photosensor includes a light emitting device and a light receiving device and obtains a light signal by using PPG (photoplethysmography) principle, for example, a sensor that uses a transmission method or a reflection method for measurement, or an ecg (electrocardiogram) electrode for measurement, and the heart rate sequence for HRV analysis can be obtained; alternatively, the heart rate sequence may be obtained by a pressure sensor, for example, using a tourniquet, or by placing the pressure sensor directly on an artery, for example, the radial artery, and likewise by obtaining successive pulses.
Here, the above description of obtaining the heart rate sequence (whether by detecting a pulse wave or an electrocardiogram) by the physiological sensor device means obtaining a time sequence of the heart beat intervals of the user by the physiological sensor device, and the HRV analysis is performed on the time sequence. Therefore, in the following description, the two descriptions are used interchangeably as the case may be, and both represent the same meaning.
Besides performing HRV analysis, the activity of the autonomic nervous system, such as heart rate, electrodermal activity (EDA), limb peripheral temperature, etc., can be obtained by observing the change of physiological signals affected by the autonomic nervous system, wherein the heart rate is controlled by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and the heart rate becomes faster when the activity of the sympathetic nerve increases and slower when the activity of the parasympathetic nerve increases, so the condition of activity decrease between the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve can be obtained by observing the heart rate; in addition, since sweat gland secretion is affected only by sympathetic nerves, and when the activity of the sympathetic nerves increases, the activity of the sweat glands increases, and thus the increase or decrease of the activity of the sympathetic nerves can be known by measuring the electrical activity of the skin (EDA); further, since the blood vessels transmitted to the skin at the extremity of the limb are affected only by the sympathetic nerves, when the sympathetic nerve activity decreases, the vasoconstriction decreases, the vessel diameter becomes larger, the blood flow increases, and the skin surface temperature rises, it is also possible to infer the increase or decrease of the activity of the sympathetic nerves with respect to the parasympathetic nerves by measuring the limb peripheral skin temperature.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, whether the activity of the autonomic nervous system is known by performing the HRV analysis or observing the change of the physiological signal affected by the autonomic nervous system, the information providing unit can provide the relevant information to the user in real time during the execution of the physiological feedback procedure, so as to be the basis for the user to adjust the mind and body, for example, the result of the HRV analysis, the heart rate, the skin electrical activity, and/or the limb peripheral temperature change can be provided in real time, and the provided information is not limited to only one type, and various options are available.
Taking real-time HRV analysis as an example, since HRV analysis analyzes a heart rate sequence over a period of time, the real-time HRV analysis can be performed by moving a time window (MovingWindow) concept, that is, a calculation time segment, for example, 1 minute or 2 minutes, is determined, and then HRV analysis results can be continuously obtained by continuously moving the time segment backward, for example, once every 5 seconds, for example, thereby achieving the purpose of providing real-time HRV analysis results, and in addition, a weighting calculation (weighting) concept can be adopted to moderately increase the calculation weight of physiological signals closer to the analysis time, so as to make the analysis results closer to the real-time physiological conditions.
Next, referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the blood pressure management device according to the present invention is shown, in this example, the physiological signal sensing unit is implemented as a finger-worn optical sensor 11 for detecting the continuous pulse of the user, therefore, in this case, the heart rate sequence of the user can be known from the measured continuous pulse wave, and HRV analysis can be performed after the heart rate sequence is obtained, so as to obtain the activity of the autonomic nervous system, alternatively, by observing the heart rate, it can be inferred that the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve is deteriorated, here, although the figure shows the optical sensor in the form of a finger clip provided on a fingertip, it may be implemented in another form to be provided on a hand, for example, the optical sensor may be implemented in the form of a ring, a band surrounding a knuckle, or a band interposed between proximal knuckles of a finger, and the optical sensor is not limited to the portion of the finger where the optical sensor is provided.
As shown in fig. 3, the optical sensor 12 may be implemented in an ear-worn type, and similarly, the heart rate sequence of the user may be obtained from the measured continuous pulses, and HRV analysis may be performed after obtaining the heart rate sequence to obtain the activity of the autonomic nervous system, or the decrease and increase in the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve may be inferred by observing the heart rate. Although the earclip type optical sensor is shown as being mounted on the earlobe, the optical sensor may be mounted on the ear or a region adjacent to the ear in other forms, for example, on the auricle, or in an earplug or a suspension on the ear, and the contact position is not limited, for example, the optical sensor may contact the earlobe, the inner surface or the back surface of the auricle, the vicinity of the boundary between the auricle and the skull, such as the vicinity of the tragus (tragus), the mouth of the ear or the ear canal, and/or the vicinity of the mastoid (mass) behind the ear, and thus, there is no limitation.
It should be noted that although the blood pressure management devices shown in fig. 2-3 are all in the form of a case 10 separated from the tourniquet 14, the blood pressure management devices can be implemented in the form of a case 10 carried by the tourniquet 14, such as being disposed at the position of the upper arm, forearm, or wrist, without limitation.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 4-5, the optical sensor 13 can also be disposed on the upper limb, such as the wrist, the upper arm, or the forearm, via the tourniquet 14, and this has the advantage that the optical sensor is disposed after the tourniquet is wrapped around the limb, which is more convenient.
Fig. 4A, 4B1, 4B2 illustrate possible situations where the light sensor 13 is attached to the tourniquet when the housing 10 of the blood pressure management device is carried by the tourniquet 14. In fig. 4A, the optical sensor 13 is disposed in the tourniquet 14, so that in this case, the tourniquet has a light-permeable portion at a position corresponding to the optical sensor to allow light emitted by the optical sensor to pass through, and the optical sensor can use light with various wavelengths, for example, visible light or invisible light, such as red light and Infrared (IR) can be used as wavelength bands, and therefore, the light-permeable portion refers to a portion formed by a material that can pass through visible light and/or invisible light, or a hollow portion, without limitation.
In practical implementation, the optical sensor 13 of fig. 4A can be implemented as a circuit integrated on the surface of the housing 10, or separated from the housing 10 and electrically connected to the inside of the housing 10 through a connection line, and the relationship between the optical sensor and the tourniquet can be set in different options, for example, the optical sensor can be embedded on the inner surface of the tourniquet contacting with the upper limb, or can be set inside the tourniquet, i.e., inside the tourniquet pocket, or between the housing and the tourniquet, and thus can be changed according to practical requirements.
In addition, the optical sensor 13 can also be disposed on the tourniquet 14 through an attachment structure, for example, fig. 4B1 and fig. 4B2 show the case of using the hook-and-loop fastener 15; or, it is arranged on the tourniquet by way of being clamped, as shown in fig. 4C; alternatively, the optical sensor may be attached to the tourniquet by magnetic attraction, for example, two parts magnetically attracted to each other across the tourniquet may be used, one of the parts being disposed on the housing or inside the tourniquet to attract the other part carrying the optical sensor by magnetic force, and the two parts may be implemented to have both magnetism or one of the parts has magnetic force and the other part is attracted by magnetic force, without limitation, where the magnetic force may be achieved by disposing a magnetic substance inside the part or by directly making the part from a magnetic substance, and similarly, a substance attracted by magnetic force may be disposed inside the part or used to form the part.
Further, the optical sensor shown in fig. 4B1, 4B2, 4C can be implemented to be separated from the housing and connected only when necessary, and besides, the optical sensor can be implemented to be connected wirelessly by a connecting wire extending from the housing, so that the position of the optical sensor can be more freely set.
Furthermore, fig. 4D1 and 4D2 show the case where the optical sensor 13 is integrally formed with the housing 10, and through the design of the structure, the optical sensor 13 can be disposed between the tourniquet and the limb when the tourniquet is wound around the limb to capture signals, but alternatively, the optical sensor can be integrally formed with the housing and protrude out of the tourniquet, as shown in fig. 4E, so that the optical sensor only clings to the limb by the motion of the tourniquet around the limb, but is not sandwiched between the tourniquet and the limb, and thus, there are various possible implementations.
Further, the light sensor 13 shown in fig. 4D1, 4D2, 4E and the housing 10 can be implemented in a detachable manner, for example, through an electrical connector, or through a mechanical connection structure, so that the light sensor can be separated from the housing when not in use, and herein, in particular, the light sensor can be implemented only in a mechanical connection with the housing, and the obtained signal is transmitted through a wireless manner. Thus, there may be various possibilities without limitation.
Therefore, when the shell is carried by the tourniquet, the optical sensor 13 can be implemented to be combined with the tourniquet and/or the shell without limitation, and only the setup required for extracting the physiological signal can be completed while the tourniquet is wound around the limb.
On the other hand, when the housing 10 is implemented as a separate part from the tourniquet 14, the optical sensor 13 is only disposed on the tourniquet, for example, it can be directly disposed on the tourniquet as shown in fig. 4A-4C, or attached to the inner side of the tourniquet through velcro, clips or magnetic force, fig. 5 shows the optical sensor being disposed at the edge of the tourniquet, and, similarly, it can be implemented as a wired or wireless connection, and when a wired connection is used, for example, the electrical connection can be hidden in the inflation tube of the tourniquet. Accordingly, it can be implemented in various forms as required, without limitation.
Moreover, particularly, only by the design of the structure, the light sensor 13 can be implemented to be removable from the tourniquet or the housing and disposed at other positions of the body, such as fingers, ears, etc., so that the disposition position can be changed according to the actual use situation, which is more convenient.
It should be noted that when the optical sensor is implemented to obtain physiological signals from a position such as a wrist, forearm, or upper arm, better signals can be obtained by using reflection measurement than transmission measurement.
Besides, the optical sensor is used to detect pulse variation and obtain heart rate, and can also obtain other physiological information concerning the blood vessel system, such as blood oxygen concentration, blood volume variation, etc., for example, different blood physiological information can be obtained by adjusting the number of the light sources, for example, when two light emitting components are provided, the blood oxygen concentration information can be obtained, so that more information can be provided for the user.
Moreover, an electrocardiogram can be measured by utilizing the electrocardio-electrode, and then a heart rate sequence can be obtained. In the present invention, particularly, the electrodes are also wearable, because the main purpose of measuring the ecg is to obtain the heart rate sequence during the physiological feedback period, therefore, the contact between the electrodes and the skin must be maintained during the whole physiological feedback period, and when the contact is realized by the active force application of the user, besides the inconvenience of the user due to the long-time operation, the problem of the interference of the electrical signals of the muscle usually occurs, therefore, for such a situation, the present invention provides a scheme of using the wearing structure to carry the electrodes and maintaining the contact between the electrodes and the skin through the wearing structure, so that the user can pay more attention to the relaxation of the mind and body because the force application is not needed to maintain the contact between the electrodes and the skin, and in addition, the interference of the electrical signals of the muscle is minimized, which is more beneficial to obtain high-quality ecg signals, and more accurate analysis results.
Fig. 6 shows that the two electrocardio-electrodes are respectively implemented to be contacted with the ear or the skin near the ear through the ear wearing structure and contacted with the skin of the finger through the finger wearing structure, and the configuration that the user can easily and naturally perform the physiological feedback training is provided; alternatively, the two electrocardiograph electrodes may be both configured to be disposed on the finger by the finger-worn structure; or, the electrode can also be selectively implemented in a wrist-wearing mode, and the effects of actively applying force to the user and reducing the interference of the electromyographic signals can also be achieved.
It should be noted that, although the ear-worn structure shown in the drawings is in the form of an earhook, the ear-worn structure is not limited thereto, and may be implemented in various forms such as an earplug, an ear clip clipped to an ear lobe, or an ear clip clipped to an auricle, and the contact position is not limited, and the ear lobe, the inner surface or the back surface of the auricle, the vicinity of the junction between the auricle and the head shell, such as the vicinity of tragus (tragus), the ear canal mouth or the ear canal, and/or the vicinity of mastoid (mastoid) behind the ear, or may be implemented by being attached to the ear by magnetic force, for example, by two components magnetically attracting each other across the ear and disposing an electrode on one or both of the components, where the two components may be implemented by having magnetism, for example, by having a magnetic substance inside, or by being made of a material that can be magnetically attracted, for example, one of the components may be implemented to have magnetic force and the other component may be attracted by the magnetic force, or both of the components may be implemented to have magnetic force, and various implementations are possible without limitation.
Similarly, the finger-worn structure may have different embodiments, for example, it may be clamped at the finger tip, clamped at the proximal knuckle of the finger, or fixed by a belt around the finger, and the like, and it is not limited to the portion contacting the finger, so it can be changed according to the actual requirement without limitation.
It should be noted that, in such a configuration, the ear-worn electrode can be selectively worn on the left ear or the right ear without limitation, however, experiments show that the installation position of the other electrode has a considerable influence on the signal quality, wherein when the other electrode is installed on the left upper limb, the quality of the obtained electrocardiographic signal is far better than that of the signal obtained on the right upper limb, and therefore, when the electrocardiographic signal is measured by contacting with the ear, the other electrode is preferably contacted with the skin of the left upper limb, such as the upper arm, the lower arm, the wrist, the palm, the finger, and the like, so as to avoid the occurrence of erroneous judgment caused by the poor signal quality due to the installation of the electrode on the right upper limb.
Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned electrode form combined with the wearing structure, the electrocardio-electrode according to the present invention can also be implemented in a form combined with the casing of the device itself or the tourniquet belt, so as to realize the electrode contact by the action of the encircling tourniquet belt, and the user does not need to apply force as well.
When the electrode is implemented to be combined with the tourniquet, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, like the above-mentioned optical sensor, the electrode can be combined with the tourniquet through an attachment structure, for example, as shown in fig. 7A, the attachment structure can be implemented as a pair of corresponding adhesive elements, such as hook-and-loop fasteners, respectively located on the electrode and the tourniquet, so as to achieve the combination therebetween; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7B, the attachment mechanism may be implemented as a clamp, which is combined with the electrode to dispose the electrode on the tourniquet by clamping; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7C, a pair of metal buckles may be used to realize electrical connection simultaneously with the combination.
Further, the attachment structure may be implemented to have a housing for accommodating a circuit, for example, in order to avoid the environment noise induced by the acquired electrocardiographic signal via the connection line, the signal may be processed in advance near the electrode during acquisition, for example, the processing of the circuit such as amplification, buffering, filtering, digitization, etc. to ensure the definition of the signal, at this time, the circuit may be accommodated in the housing, and the contact force between the electrode and the skin is also increased by the hardness of the housing, accordingly, the housing may be further implemented to have a structure conforming to the ergonomics of the contacted portion, for example, conforming to the radian of the arm, and therefore, there is no limitation.
And because of utilizing the attachment mechanism, when the user does not need to use the electrocardio-electrode, or needs to clean the tourniquet, or needs to replace the electrode, for example, the electrode is replaced by an electrode made of a different material, so that the electrode can be conveniently taken down from the tourniquet and/or replaced.
Here, the electrode combined with the tourniquet may be connected to the housing through an external connection wire, as shown in fig. 7A and 7B, or, when the housing is carried by the tourniquet, as shown in fig. 7C, the electrical connection between the electrode and the electrode is hidden inside the tourniquet and is disposed inside the tourniquet by means of buckling, so there is no limitation.
Therefore, in practical implementation, if the casing of the device is carried by the tourniquet, the electrode coupled to the tourniquet may be brought into contact with the skin of the limb surrounded by the tourniquet, as shown in fig. 8A (using the connection method of fig. 7A) and fig. 8B (using the connection method of fig. 7C), and then another electrode may be brought into contact with the skin of the ear or the skin near the ear in cooperation with the upper ear wearing structure, so as to complete the electrode configuration required for measuring the electrocardiogram, or if the casing is not carried by the tourniquet, as shown in fig. 8C (using the connection method of fig. 7B), another electrode may be brought into contact with another limb finger in cooperation with the finger wearing structure, so there is no limitation.
In addition, when the shell of the device is carried by the tourniquet belt, if the electrode is arranged at the position where the shell can contact the skin when the tourniquet belt is wound on the limb, the active force for contacting the electrode with the skin of the arm can be provided by the action of the winding of the tourniquet belt, and the interference of the electromyographic signals can also be reduced.
In this case, the structure of the case according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 9A to 9C, is implemented to have an electrode bearing structure 112 on the surface combined with the tourniquet belt to contact the skin of the upper arm or forearm when the tourniquet belt is wound on the limb, so that when the electrode is disposed on the electrode bearing structure, the contact of the electrode with the skin can be accomplished in the action of mounting the tourniquet belt as well.
For example, as shown in fig. 9A, the electrode supporting structure 112 may be implemented to be located near the edge of the tourniquet, and the tourniquet has an opening 114 at a position corresponding to the supporting structure, so that the contact between the electrode 113 and the skin can be simultaneously achieved by the movement of the tourniquet around the upper arm or forearm, or as shown in fig. 9B, the electrode supporting structure 112 may be implemented to have an opening 114 in the tourniquet, and the electrode supporting structure 112 is located at a position corresponding to the opening, and as shown in fig. 9C, the electrode supporting structure 112 may be implemented to be located at two side edges of the tourniquet, so that the contact with the skin can be achieved without changing the structure of the tourniquet, and although the supporting structure is shown at two side edges, it is not limited to be implemented to be located at only one side edge.
Furthermore, the electrode-carrying structure may be embodied to be collapsible, for example by using a telescopic mechanism, or may be made of an elastic material to adapt to changes that may occur during inflation and to ensure stability of the contact between the electrode and the skin.
It should be noted that although the electrode carrying structure may be implemented in the form of a protrusion as shown in the drawings, the invention is not limited thereto, and the combination manner between the casing and the tourniquet may be changed, for example, the carrying structure may be the same height as the casing surface, and it is only necessary to achieve the contact between the electrode and the skin when the tourniquet is wound on the arm, without limitation.
Therefore, as shown in fig. 10, when an electrode is disposed on the surface of the casing and contacts the skin of the limb to be encircled by the encircling tourniquet (the casing structure shown in fig. 9C), the electrode configuration required for measuring the electrocardiogram can be completed by simply contacting the electrode to the skin of the ear or the vicinity of the ear in cooperation with the earwear structure. Of course, the other electrode may contact the other limb of the finger in cooperation with the finger wearing structure, and therefore, there is no limitation.
Furthermore, the blood pressure management device according to the present invention can also obtain the change of autonomic nervous activity during the physiological feedback period by measuring the electrodermal activity, as shown in fig. 11, which shows the case of detecting the change of electrodermal activity by installing two electrodes on the hand, or can obtain the change of autonomic nervous activity during the physiological feedback period by measuring the temperature change of the extremity, as shown in fig. 12.
Furthermore, in the wearing structure with the electrocardiograph electrode, an optical sensor can be added, for example, in a finger wearing structure or an ear wearing structure, so that the time required for the pulse wave to pass from the heart to the sensing position of the optical sensor, namely, the so-called pulse wave transmission time (PTT), can be obtained through the measured electrocardiograph signal and the pulse wave, and since PTT is related to the hardness of arterial blood vessels affecting the blood pressure, the reference blood pressure value can be calculated through the specific relationship between PTT and the arterial blood initial blood pressure value, so that the real-time blood pressure change trend of the user can be provided during the physiological feedback period; similarly, the same information can be obtained by disposing the light sensors at different positions, such as the ear and the finger, and calculating the time difference between the two pulse wave transmissions.
It is known to those skilled in the art that if the corresponding blood pressure value is calculated by PTT, calibration is inevitably performed by a standard blood pressure measuring device, and since the device according to the present invention simultaneously has a function of measuring blood pressure by a tourniquet, the calibration operation can be conveniently and directly performed by the same device, and the user can realize a preparation operation for obtaining a real-time blood pressure value during physiological feedback in a natural operation.
In addition, particularly, since the present invention simultaneously has the function of measuring blood pressure by the tourniquet, when the physiological sensor element capable of acquiring the physiological signal affected by the autonomic nerve is combined, the blood pressure management device according to the present invention can provide information on the trend of blood pressure change of the user in real time during the physiological feedback training.
It is only necessary to obtain an initial blood pressure value and a physiological signal through the steps of measuring blood pressure and obtaining the physiological signal before the physiological feedback training is started, and execute a calibration procedure between the measured physiological signal and the initial blood pressure value, so that the measured physiological signal can be regarded as a reference value relative to the initial blood pressure value, and then, after the physiological feedback training is started, the variation trend of the value relative to the blood pressure can be obtained by only comparing the continuously obtained physiological signal with the reference value, wherein the physiological signal can be, but is not limited to, skin electrical activity, limb peripheral temperature, heart rate and the like.
For example, if the detected physiological signal is the electrodermal activity, it is only necessary to obtain the blood pressure value and perform EDA detection (for example, by using the resistance value or the conductance value) before the physiological feedback procedure is started, and the value is taken as a reference value, and then the sympathetic activity decreases due to the increase of the resistance value, which represents the increase of vasoconstriction and blood pressure increase, so that the information of the change trend of the blood pressure related to the user can be provided by the increase or decrease of the resistance value measured in real time during the physiological feedback procedure.
In addition, besides directly estimating the blood pressure trend based on the obtained physiological signal change, as mentioned above, real-time HRV analysis can also be used as a basis for providing similar information, or the PTT can also be used for estimating the blood pressure trend, so there is no limitation.
Moreover, since the physiological condition of the human body changes at any time, the recalibration can be naturally completed by measuring the blood pressure before each physiological feedback training, and the relationship between the physiological signal and the blood pressure value which is in accordance with the current physiological condition is obtained.
In the case of performing the physiological feedback training using the various sensing elements, the information providing unit may be implemented in various forms, for example, in combination with an ear wearing structure, a finger wearing structure, a housing, a tourniquet, or the like, without limitation. The information may be presented by means of an audio, visual, or tactile manner, such as a sound module, a vibration module, and/or a display module, and/or a light-emitting element.
In a preferred embodiment, when combined with the ear-worn structure, it is preferably implemented as a sound module, because it is close to the ear, allowing sound to enter the ear directly, providing better privacy, or it may be implemented as a vibration module, because it contacts the skin, or it may be implemented as a display module and/or a light-emitting element extending to the front of the eye, and therefore, the appropriate form may be selected according to the actual needs.
In addition, the content of the information provided by the information providing unit is also not limited. For example, it may be a change in blood pressure value or a trend related to blood pressure; may be a measured physiological signal, e.g., heart rate, skin resistance value, end limb temperature, etc.; may be an analysis of a physiological signal, e.g., an HRV analysis; may be a comparison with a target value, such as skin resistance, extremity temperature, etc., relative to the target value, and HRV analysis from the target value; or it may be autonomic nervous information of the user, for example, the sympathetic activity is suppressed and/or the parasympathetic activity is increased, and thus, the content of the provided information may vary depending on the measured physiological signal, the user's demand, and the like, without limitation.
In addition, the information providing unit can provide information during the physiological feedback training period in various ways, for example, when the information is provided in a visual manner, the information can be displayed by using characters to display real-time change of the physiological signal, a real-time analysis result of the physiological signal, a real-time comparison result between the physiological signal and a target value, and/or autonomic nerve information of the user, so that the user can adjust the physical and mental conditions by knowing the real-time physiological change condition of the user, and the target physiological condition is gradually reached; alternatively, the difference from the target value may be provided to the user by a change in the pattern, the light emission luminance, the light flicker frequency, or the like, and since the target value generally represents a physiological condition that is relaxed and stable in mind and body, the difference may be represented by a gradual change in the pattern, a decrease in the light emission luminance, a decrease in the flicker frequency, or the like as the target value approaches, and a higher degree of mental stress of the user as the difference from the target value increases, a stronger change in the pattern, an increase in the light emission luminance, a higher flicker frequency, or the like.
When the information is provided in an auditory manner, the above-mentioned various information can be provided, for example, the user can know the real-time change of the physiological signal, the real-time analysis result of the physiological signal and/or the real-time comparison result with the target value in a voice reminding manner; alternatively, the difference from the target value may be represented by a change in the frequency and/or volume of the sound, for example, a larger volume and a higher frequency may represent a more intense physical and mental condition of the user, and a larger difference from the target value may represent a smaller volume and a lower frequency may represent a more relaxed user, and a closer target value may be.
When the information is provided by the tactile method, it may be implemented by using vibration to remind whether the target range is reached, or may be implemented by using a time interval for generating a vibration signal and/or intensity of vibration to represent a difference between the target range and/or the target value, for example, when the target range is exceeded, a vibration may be generated to remind the user of relaxation, or the stronger the vibration and the shorter the vibration interval, the stronger the difference between the physical and mental conditions of the user and the target value, and the weaker the vibration and the longer the vibration interval, the looser the user and the closer the target value.
It should be noted that the information providing manner of the information providing unit is not limited regardless of the sensing device used and regardless of the detected physiological signal.
In another aspect of the present invention, the physiological feedback can be performed by means of respiration guidance to achieve the effect of influencing autonomic nervous activity. This is because breathing is directly controlled not only by the autonomic nervous system, which is affected by increased parasympathetic activity during expiration but also by increased sympathetic activity during inspiration, but also by autonomic consciousness, and many studies have pointed out that the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves can be changed by controlling breathing.
According to the study, the respiration rate, tidal volume, and expiratory/inspiratory ratio are factors that affect sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, wherein a slower rate decreases sympathetic activity and a faster rate increases sympathetic activity, for example, in general, an adult has a respiration rate in the range of about 10-18 breaths per minute, which helps to increase parasympathetic activity when the respiration rate decreases to the range of 5-8 breaths per minute, and also increases parasympathetic activity when the expiratory/inspiratory ratio increases, i.e., when there is a longer expiratory period relative to the inspiratory period. Therefore, on the premise that the human body can control the respiration with consciousness, the activity balance of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve can be changed by automatically controlling the respiratory activity, so that the abnormal situation of the blood pressure caused by the unbalance of the autonomic nerve or the overhigh activity of the sympathetic nerve and the like is improved, and the aim of regulating and controlling the blood pressure is fulfilled.
Therefore, in the present invention, by providing a respiration guidance signal having a respiration pattern favorable for adjusting the blood pressure, for example, a respiration rate of 5 to 8 times per minute which can reduce the sympathetic activity and/or an increased exhalation period under the premise of natural respiration, and providing the user with the information providing unit, the user can adjust the respiration according to the change pattern, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the blood pressure.
One option of the breathing guidance signal is to provide a fixed guidance signal to prompt the user to adjust the breathing to be the same, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the blood pressure, wherein the fixed guidance signal can be, for example, a guidance that helps to reduce the breathing rate of blood pressure, for example, 8 times per minute, or increase the ratio between expiration period and inspiration period, without limitation, and can provide a plurality of fixed guidance signals, for example, 7 times per minute, 6 times per minute, or 5 times per minute, etc., to allow the user to select a guidance signal according to his/her own needs.
Alternatively, a gradual pilot signal is provided to gradually move the user's breath toward the desired breathing rate and ratio of expiratory periods to inspiratory periods, for example, the graduated pilot signal may be implemented to provide a gradually slowing breathing pattern for the user to gradually adapt to avoid a sudden rate drop that causes discomfort, for example, in the 1 15 minute training session, the first 5 minutes provided a rate of 10 times per minute, the middle 5 minutes provided a rate of 8 times per minute, and a rate of 6 breaths per minute for the last 5 minutes, and may be implemented to gradually increase the duration of the breath, for example, in the 1 15-minute training segment, the first 5 minutes provided guidance at a ratio of 1:1 during expiration/inspiration, the middle 5 minutes provided guidance at a ratio of 2:1, and the last 5 minutes provided guidance at a ratio of 3: 1.
Furthermore, if the physiological signal sensing unit is used to detect the physiological signal capable of reflecting the breathing change, the user can know whether the breathing of the user is consistent with the breathing guide signal or not and adjust the breathing of the user in real time, and if the user still feels that the user cannot follow the guide signal after a period of time, for example, after the same breathing guide training lasts for a period of time or after a plurality of times of breathing guide training, the user can select another guide signal which is closer to the current physiological condition, so as to avoid the situation that the breathing is disturbed in order to meet the guide signal.
Furthermore, the information related to the breathing pattern obtained as described above can also be used as a basis for adjusting the breathing guidance signal, so as to provide a dynamic guidance signal that can be adjusted by the user in real time, that is, by obtaining the breathing condition of the user in real time, to know whether the breathing rate is and/or falls within a range of rates that are favorable for lowering blood pressure, and by dynamically adjusting the guidance signal, the user can achieve the effect of breathing guidance training in the easiest and most comfortable manner.
For example, in a preferred embodiment, when the detected breathing falls within a predetermined range of rates favorable for lowering blood pressure, e.g., less than 8 breaths per minute, the user is allowed to breathe without guidance, and guidance is only provided when the breathing pattern is found to be out of range, e.g., too fast; in another preferred embodiment, the guiding signal drives the user's breathing rate to be slowed down in a section-varying manner, and if it is found that the user cannot follow the rhythm of the guiding signal within a certain time after the guiding rate is slowed down, the breathing guiding rate of the previous section is restored, and is slowed down again after a certain time, and by repeating such a procedure, the user's breathing can be gently guided toward the target breathing pattern. Therefore, the dynamic guiding method can be changed according to the current physiological state or the actual requirement of the user, and various dynamic guiding methods can be provided without limitation.
Furthermore, when the respiration guidance training is used in conjunction with the physiological signal sensing unit, it can be further implemented to detect the physiological signal that changes due to respiration affecting the autonomic nerve, as described above, so as to provide information about the autonomic nerve activity during the respiration guidance training, and let the user know whether the respiration adjustment has an expected effect on the autonomic nerve activity, for example, whether a decrease in sympathetic nerve activity that contributes to a decrease in blood pressure has been achieved.
For example, the information providing unit may also display information related to heart rate, electrodermal activity, limb end temperature, etc. in real time while providing the respiratory guidance signal, and/or information related to synchronization between respiration and heart rate obtained by spectrum calculation, so that the user may know in real time the influence of respiratory regulation on autonomic nerves, such as whether the activity of parasympathetic nerves is enhanced or whether the activity of sympathetic nerves is reduced, etc., so as to make the physiological feedback procedure performed by using the respiratory guidance signal more efficient.
In practice, as mentioned above, the information providing unit outputs the respiration guiding signal in addition to the information of the related physiological signal, so that the user can adjust his own respiration.
Here, in providing the breathing guidance signal, as mentioned above, the information providing unit may be implemented in combination with a component worn on the user or in combination with an operation interface of the device, without limitation, and there are various options for providing the guidance signal, for example, guidance may be performed in a visual, auditory and/or tactile manner, without limitation. The selection of visual guidance includes, but is not limited to, graphical changes, text display, changes in light intensity, and/or changes in light signal, etc., which are suitable, for example, to guide the user to inhale and exhale on the display element by using patterns conforming to the breathing change pattern; or the number of the LED lamps changes to represent inspiration and expiration; or the user can be informed directly by using characters to inhale and exhale.
In addition, when using auditory guidance, the selection includes, but is not limited to, sound changes and speech, for example, the strength of sound can represent inhalation and exhalation changes; or different sound types represent inspiration and expiration, so that the user can follow the sound, such as a bird, a sea wave, different music tracks and the like; alternatively, the user may be informed of the inspiration or expiration by voice, for example, when the breathing guidance training is just started, the user may be guided through the voice instructions "inspiration" and "expiration" that match the breathing variation pattern, and when it is detected that the user's breathing matches the desired variation pattern, the user is informed of the voice guidance "continue to maintain the current inspiration and expiration rate" and stop "inspiration" and "expiration". Therefore, there are various options, which can be varied according to the requirements of the actual implementation without limitation.
Furthermore, when the tactile guidance is adopted, it is preferable to provide the vibration variation in the form of a combination with a part in contact with the body of the user, for example, a combination with a tourniquet, a housing carried by the tourniquet, or a wearing structure of the physiological signal sensing unit, and the vibration variation is also not limited, for example, it can be implemented by using a vibration signal to remind the user of a correct expiration and/or inspiration start time point, or generate vibration guidance only when the breathing pattern of the user is found to deviate too much from a preset target guidance signal.
Here, it is advantageous that when the auditory and/or tactile guidance is used, the user can close both eyes during the breathing guidance training, which is more helpful for the relaxation of the body and the adjustment of breathing.
In addition, the execution time of the breathing guidance training can also be varied according to the actual needs of the user, for example, a fixed time length can be provided, for example, 10 minutes, 15 minutes or 20 minutes, for the user to choose, and in addition, the execution time can also be implemented to vary according to the physiological conditions during the training, and is not limited.
In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the breathing guidance signal (which may be a fixed, gradual or dynamic guidance signal) may also be implemented to be output to the external device, such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, etc., via the information providing unit and the wired/wireless transmission module, and then the external device provides the breathing guidance signal to the user for the user to perform breathing training.
In particular, in another preferred embodiment, the respiration guidance signal is generated and provided to the user by the external device, and the external device further receives the information of the respiration pattern of the user acquired by the physiological signal sensing unit from the information providing unit, so as to provide the information to the user at the same time of providing the respiration guidance signal, or to serve as a basis for adjusting the respiration guidance signal, and the external device may further store the information of the respiration pattern of the user to be received, so as to serve as a reference for later viewing and recording.
Here, when the physiological signal sensing unit is implemented to detect respiration, the physiological sensing element may be implemented as a commonly-used respiration detecting sensor, for example, a respiration motion sensing element disposed on the chest and/or abdomen to sense body cavity fluctuation caused by respiration, such as RIP (RIP) band (respiration induced plethysmograph) effortboard, a piezoelectric respiration band (piezo respiratory tract), a respiratory airflow tube disposed in the nasal airway to detect changes in respiratory airflow, and a thermal sensor disposed between the mouth and nose to sense temperature changes of respiratory airflow.
As shown in fig. 13, the blood pressure management device according to the present invention is configured with a respiratory motion sensing element, such as a piezoelectric respiratory strap sensor or RIP strap, to obtain the respiratory signal of the user during the respiratory guidance training. When the breathing guidance training is performed, the user sets the binding band on the chest or the abdomen, relaxes the mood to start breathing, adjusts breathing according to the breathing guidance signal (and information related to the physiological signal changed due to breathing) or the guidance of sound on the display element, and completes the breathing guidance training process after a period of time.
Here, as shown in fig. 14, two bands may be implemented without limitation, and since it has been also studied that the use of abdominal breathing contributes to the increase of parasympathetic activity, it is possible to distinguish whether or not abdominal breathing is performed by the user by providing the two bands on the chest and the abdomen, respectively.
Alternatively, the change in respiration can be observed by observing the fluctuation in blood volume (bloodvolume) caused by respiration, or by measuring the heart rate. First, since the exhalation and inhalation cause the fluctuation of blood volume, such as can be observed in arteries, veins, and capillaries, the information about the fluctuation of blood volume can be obtained by analyzing the optical signal of the blood transmitted or reflected from the subject using the optical sensor, thereby knowing the breathing behavior of the user; furthermore, since the heart rate is controlled by the autonomic nerve, respiration affects the autonomic nervous system to cause a change in the heart beat, so-called sinus arrhythmia (RSA), which generally accelerates the heart beat during inspiration and slows down the heart beat during respiration, and thus the change in respiration can be observed by observing the heart rate. Therefore, a sensor that can obtain a heart rate sequence as described above, such as an optical sensor, an electrocardiograph electrode, etc., can be used to provide information on the change of respiration during the respiration guidance training.
In addition, because increasing the amplitude of the RSA helps trigger a relaxation response (relax response) and release the accumulated pressure, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the ratio of parasympathetic/sympathetic activity, the user can start inhaling by observing the heart rate variation pattern of the user and informing the user of the start of inspiration by guidance when the heart rate starts accelerating, and can start exhaling by guidance when the heart rate starts slowing, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the amplitude of the RSA and achieving the purpose of adjusting the blood pressure. In addition, since the amplitude of the amplitude obtained by the peak and the trough of the RSA, i.e. the difference between the maximum and the minimum of the heart rate in a respiratory cycle, is related to the activity of the autonomic nerves, this information can also be provided to the user in real time as the basis for the user to regulate the physiological activity.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 15, in addition to the breath action sensing element, a finger-clipped optical sensor is used to obtain the heart rate sequence, by the arrangement of the sensor, besides the influence caused by the breathing guide training can be further confirmed by acquiring more heart rates, because the good harmony and synchronism between respiration and heart rate represent a more orderly and harmonious heart rhythm, i.e., the human body is in a more relaxed and stable state, thus, the analysis of the harmony and synchronization between respiration and heart rate can also be used to determine the outcome of the respiration-guided exercise and/or as information provided to the user in real time, e.g., the heart rate sequence can be analyzed in frequency domain, when the frequency spectrum is more concentrated, the synchronicity between the two is higher, or the phase difference between the two can be calculated in the time domain, and when the phase difference is smaller, the higher the synchronism between the two is; or, alternatively, the electrode can be arranged by utilizing the ear wearing structure and the finger wearing structure to obtain electrocardiosignals, and then the bandage is matched to obtain respiratory signals, so that the same effect can be achieved; or, the inner side of the binding band can be additionally provided with an electrocardio electrode to contact the skin to obtain electrocardiosignals. Therefore, the method can be changed according to the actual requirements and the use habits of the users without limitation.
It is noted that although the above examples specifically describe embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the use of single examples, and can be combined or partially combined among multiple examples, or interchanged among multiple examples, and thus the above examples are only some of the many possible embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, according to the utility model discloses another aspect's conception, in order to let the user can learn its effect of going on physiological feedback in real time, according to the utility model discloses a blood pressure management device also provides an operation flow to let the user can assess the training effect immediately after physiological feedback training accomplishes.
Fig. 16 shows a flow chart of the operation of the blood pressure management device according to the present invention. When the user uses the blood pressure management device according to the present invention, firstly the tourniquet is wound around the arm, and if the physiological signal sensing unit is provided, the physiological signal sensing unit, such as an electrocardiograph or an optical sensor, is set, then the blood pressure measurement starts immediately after the start key is pressed, the tourniquet is inflated and deflated to obtain the blood pressure value and display the blood pressure value to the user, then the physiological feedback procedure is started, and during the physiological feedback, according to the difference of the proceeding procedure and the measured physiological signal, the information of the user related to the measured physiological signal, the information of the related autonomic nerve, the trend of the related blood pressure change trend and/or the respiration guidance signal, etc. can be provided to the user to perform the physiological feedback, and after the training is finished, the device immediately starts another blood pressure measurement, that is, the tourniquet is inflated and deflated again, so as to obtain the blood pressure value after the physiological feedback training, and thus, the user can know the effect of the physiological feedback training by comparing the blood pressure value before the training with the blood pressure value after the training.
Therefore, through the process, the user can naturally know whether the executed physiological feedback training achieves the expected purpose immediately after the whole process is finished, the process is quite convenient, and the blood pressure value change, the physiological feedback training process, the relation between the blood pressure value and the training and the like are all reliably recorded through the process, so that the long-term tracking management is facilitated.
Furthermore, the above-mentioned operation flow can also be implemented by guiding, for example, the information providing unit or the external device executes a program and provides guiding instructions in an audible or visual manner, and the user can easily and naturally complete the physiological feedback training and know the effect achieved by the training only by following the instructions.
For example, after the device is started, the user may be instructed to wrap the tourniquet around an upper limb, and if the device is provided with a physiological sensing element, the physiological sensing element is set, then blood pressure measurement is performed through the tourniquet to obtain a blood pressure value before physiological feedback training is performed, then the user is guided to start physiological feedback training, and during the physiological feedback, according to different performed programs and measured physiological signals, information related to the autonomic nerves, a trend of related blood pressure change trend, and/or a respiration guidance signal and the like can be provided to the user to guide the performance of the physiological feedback program, and after the training is finished, the user is instructed to perform blood pressure measurement by using the tourniquet again to obtain a blood pressure value after the training.
Here, the operation guidance mechanism is mainly presented by voice, for example, the user is reminded by statements such as "please tie the pulse pressing belt", "please start blood pressure measurement", "please start physiological feedback training", "please breathe along with the guidance of the screen", and "please start blood pressure measurement again", so as to reduce the complexity of the operation.
Alternatively, the guidance of the operation steps of the user may be provided by using a screen display, or the guidance may be provided by using a voice and a screen display, and in addition, an external device may be further used as a medium for guiding the operation flow, such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, and the like, and therefore, the present invention is not limited thereto.
And the basis of the execution flow that so is convenient just lies in, the utility model discloses blood pressure management dress has multiple functions, except can detecting user's autonomic nervous activity, provide the breathing guide, carry out HRV and measure and the analysis, and provide the information of the synchronism of relevant rhythm of the heart and breathing etc. in addition, also possess the blood pressure measurement function, so, the user is when carrying out the training in order to adjust blood pressure, whether the purpose of just can confirming the blood pressure adjustment in same device realizes, efficiency has fairly, moreover, in order to carry out the physiological feedback training, the user only need in addition to carrying out the required action of blood pressure measurement, the extra increase wear physiological signal sensing unit the action can, there is not complicated operating procedure, it is simple and convenient.
Furthermore, since many parts of hardware required for performing blood pressure measurement and physiological feedback training, such as control circuits, information providing units, etc., can be shared, it is more cost-effective under the premise of multiple functions.
The final result display may be in various manners, such as displaying the blood pressure values measured before and after the respiratory guidance training, or displaying the difference between the two blood pressure values, or displaying the training time length jointly, so that the user can know the relationship between the training time length and the blood pressure value change.
In addition, except the above-mentioned process that lets the user accomplish blood pressure measurement and physiological feedback training simultaneously and learn the training result, according to the utility model discloses a blood pressure management device also has another warning mechanism, as shown in fig. 17, it can find when the blood pressure value is too high after the blood pressure measurement, for example, when being higher than a default, reminds the user to carry out physiological feedback training to adjust the blood pressure, so, the user just can naturally follow and carry out physiological feedback training, and is fairly convenient.
The reminding mode can also have different options, such as screen display, lamp signal display, voice or voice reminding, and/or vibration reminding, and the preset comparison value related to the hypertension can be set by the user or can follow the setting value of the device, such as the blood pressure standard of the WHO, without limitation.
Furthermore, referring to fig. 18, since the HRV analysis can provide the information of the autonomic nerve, when the physiological signal obtained by the physiological sensing element of the physiological signal sensing unit can obtain the heart rate sequence to perform the HRV analysis, the blood pressure management device according to the present invention can be further implemented to perform the physiological signal extraction while measuring the blood pressure, so as to provide the HRV analysis result to the user in addition to the blood pressure value after the blood pressure measurement is finished.
The HRV analysis may be selected according to the needs, for example, frequency domain analysis (frequency domain) may be performed to obtain total power (TotalPower, TP) for evaluating the overall heart rate variability, high frequency power (highfrequency power, HF) for reflecting parasympathetic activity, low frequency power (lowfrequency power, LF) for reflecting sympathetic activity or the result of simultaneous regulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic activities, LF/HF (low-high frequency power ratio) for reflecting activity balance of sympathetic/parasympathetic activities, and the like, and after frequency analysis, the harmony of autonomic nerve operation may be known by observing the state of frequency distribution; alternatively, time domain analysis (TimeDomain) may be performed to obtain SDNN as an indicator of the overall heart rate variability, SDANN as an indicator of the long-term overall heart rate variability, RMSSD as an indicator of the short-term overall heart rate variability, and R-MSSD, NN50, PNN50, etc., which may be used to evaluate high frequency variability among heart rate variability.
In this case, if hypertension occurs, it is convenient to further determine the relationship between the hypertension and the autonomic nervous system, for example, whether the activity of sympathetic nerves is too high or the autonomic nerves are unbalanced, by using the HRV analysis result.
Then, when the result of the HRV analysis shows that the blood pressure is high and related to the autonomic nervous system, the user can be further reminded to perform the physiological feedback training in addition to providing the information related to the blood pressure to the user, and the physiological signals are measured again after the physiological feedback training is completed to perform the HRV analysis to determine whether the balance condition of the autonomic nervous system is improved.
In addition, since the time required for performing the HRV analysis is long, as shown in fig. 19, when the blood pressure is found to be too high, for example, higher than a predetermined value, the user may be prompted to perform the HRV measurement to determine whether the blood pressure is high related to the autonomic nerve according to the result of the HRV analysis.
After blood pressure measurement and physiological feedback training are accomplished, according to the utility model discloses a blood pressure management device through built-in memory, can store user's blood pressure measurement result in real time and for a long time to note the process of user's training simultaneously, consequently, through the record according to time sequence like this, the utility model discloses can provide the user and be different from the cross analysis result of solitary blood pressure measurement device or physiological feedback trainer.
First, most directly, a comparison of blood pressure values before and after performing the training may be provided. By recording the occurrence time sequence in the period, in addition to immediately knowing the difference between the blood pressure values before and after the current training as described above, the user can trace the blood pressure before a certain training and the blood pressure after a certain number of training, and can clearly know the influence of the time length, the number of times and the like of the training on the blood pressure change by comparing the records of the training.
For example, the user may choose to use the measured blood pressure value as a reference value at a certain time point, for example, before the physiological feedback training is not performed, and then compare the measured blood pressure value with the reference value every time the training is performed, for example, the system is set to automatically generate a comparison result, so that the user can obtain a definite quantitative value, for example, the relationship between the cumulative number of times of training and the blood pressure change, which is helpful to increase the motivation of the user to continuously perform the training. Moreover, since the effect of the physiological feedback training has a cumulative effect, long-term observation will be more helpful to understand the effect of the physiological feedback on the blood pressure adjustment.
In addition, because the blood pressure of a person in one day is different along with time and activity, reference values in different time periods, such as reference values in the morning, noon and evening, can be set, so that the blood pressure value measured after physiological feedback training is compared with the reference values in the similar time periods, and incorrect judgment is avoided; alternatively, the user can freely select the reference value and establish the comparison reference according to the needs of the user, so as to perform the analysis most beneficial to the user, and therefore, the method is not limited.
In summary, the blood pressure management device of the present invention, which can provide two functions of blood pressure adjustment and blood pressure measurement, provides a way for the user to adjust the blood pressure through the physiological feedback training, and during the execution of the physiological feedback program, the physiological sensing element for obtaining the physiological signal related to the autonomic nervous activity is disposed on the user in a wearable manner, so as to provide a long-time and stable contact between the physiological sensing element and the human body, so as to obtain a high-quality physiological signal, and further, due to the blood pressure measurement function, the user can confirm the effect of the physiological feedback on the blood pressure adjustment in real time; in addition, according to the blood pressure management device of the utility model, the user can be helped to execute the physiological feedback program by providing the breathing guide signal, and the effect of adjusting the blood pressure can be effectively achieved; in addition, through the physiological feedback training process and the blood pressure measurement value recorded according to the time sequence, a user can easily monitor the change of the blood pressure value and the influence of the physiological feedback training on the blood pressure change, and the aim of adjusting the blood pressure is favorably and effectively fulfilled.
Claims (10)
1. A blood pressure management device for use as a breathing guidance tool in an ANS training session and for providing blood pressure measurement functionality, the device comprising:
a control circuit;
a pump controlled by the control circuit;
an inflatable tourniquet for encircling a limb of a user and inflating and deflating the tourniquet by the pump to achieve a blood pressure measurement; and
an information providing unit for providing the information of the user,
wherein,
the device further comprises at least one physiological signal sensing unit with a light sensor;
wherein,
during the course of the ANS training session,
the physiological signal sensing unit is attached to the limb through the tourniquet so as to obtain a physiological signal from blood of a user through the optical sensor;
a respiratory guide signal is provided to the user through the information providing unit; and
the respiration guiding signal is adjusted based on the physiological signal to guide the user to a target respiration mode, thereby achieving the effect of influencing the blood pressure.
2. The blood pressure management device of claim 1, wherein the physiological signal sensing unit is implemented to be disposed on the tourniquet.
3. The blood pressure management device of claim 1, further comprising a housing carried by the tourniquet, and the physiological signal sensing unit is implemented in conjunction with the housing.
4. The blood pressure management device of claim 1, wherein the physiological signal comprises one or more of the following, including: heart rate, respiratory information, and blood oxygen concentration.
5. The blood pressure management device of claim 1, further comprising a transmission module, and the information providing unit is implemented to output the breathing guidance signal to an external device through the transmission module to provide the information to the user through the external device.
6. A blood pressure management device for use as a physiological feedback tool in an ANS training session and for providing blood pressure measurement functionality, the device comprising:
a control circuit;
a pump controlled by the control circuit;
an inflatable tourniquet for encircling a limb of a user and inflating and deflating the tourniquet by the pump to achieve a blood pressure measurement; and
an information providing unit for providing the information of the user,
wherein,
the device further comprises a physiological signal sensing unit having a light sensor; and
wherein,
during the course of the ANS training session,
the physiological signal sensing unit is attached to the limb through the tourniquet so as to obtain a physiological signal from blood of a user through the optical sensor;
generating information representing the blood physiology of the user according to the physiological signal; and
the information representing the blood physiology of the user is provided to the user in real time through the information providing unit so as to be used as a basis for the user to adjust the physiological activity of the user through physiological feedback, thereby achieving the effect of influencing the blood pressure.
7. The blood pressure management device of claim 6, wherein the device is further configured to generate a prompt signal to prompt a user to perform the ANS training session when the blood pressure matches a predetermined condition.
8. The blood pressure management device of claim 6, wherein a breathing guidance signal is further provided during the ANS training segment to guide a user towards a target breathing pattern.
9. The blood pressure management device of claim 8, wherein the breathing guidance signal is further adjusted based on the information representative of the blood physiology of the user.
10. The blood pressure management device of claim 6, further comprising a transmission module, and the information providing unit is implemented to output the information to an external device through the transmission module to provide the information to the user through the external device.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104665799A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-06-03 | 周常安 | Blood pressure managing device and blood pressure managing method |
| WO2016119657A1 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-08-04 | 周常安 | Blood pressure management device, system, and method for use in regulating blood pressure |
| WO2016119656A1 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-08-04 | 周常安 | Cardiovascular health monitoring device and method |
| CN108430310A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-08-21 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Assess the method and apparatus for carrying out this method of the reliability of blood pressure measurement |
-
2015
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104665799A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-06-03 | 周常安 | Blood pressure managing device and blood pressure managing method |
| WO2016119657A1 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-08-04 | 周常安 | Blood pressure management device, system, and method for use in regulating blood pressure |
| WO2016119656A1 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2016-08-04 | 周常安 | Cardiovascular health monitoring device and method |
| CN108430310A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-08-21 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Assess the method and apparatus for carrying out this method of the reliability of blood pressure measurement |
| CN108430310B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2022-03-01 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Method for evaluating the reliability of blood pressure measurements and device for carrying out the method |
| US11284842B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2022-03-29 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Method of assessing the reliability of a blood pressure measurement and an apparatus for implementing the same |
| EP3393339B1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2022-11-23 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | A computer program product for assessing the reliability of a blood pressure measurement and an apparatus for implementing the same |
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