CN1617661B - Heat spreader for display device - Google Patents
Heat spreader for display device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1617661B CN1617661B CN2004100880898A CN200410088089A CN1617661B CN 1617661 B CN1617661 B CN 1617661B CN 2004100880898 A CN2004100880898 A CN 2004100880898A CN 200410088089 A CN200410088089 A CN 200410088089A CN 1617661 B CN1617661 B CN 1617661B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- display unit
- graphite
- radiator
- protective finish
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
- F16B13/063—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
- F16B13/066—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting a separate expander-part, actuated by the screw, nail or the like
- F16B13/068—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting a separate expander-part, actuated by the screw, nail or the like expanded in two or more places
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J7/00—Details not provided for in the preceding groups and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J7/24—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20954—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for display panels
- H05K7/20963—Heat transfer by conduction from internal heat source to heat radiating structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2211/00—Plasma display panels with alternate current induction of the discharge, e.g. AC-PDPs
- H01J2211/20—Constructional details
- H01J2211/66—Cooling arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
A heat spreader (10) for a display device, such as a plasma display panel, a light emitting diode or a liquid crystal display, comprising at least one sheet of compressed particles of exfoliated graphite having a surface area greater than the surface area of that part of the back surface of the display device where a localized region of higher temperature is generated.
Description
Explanation
Known we are, live in Ohio North Omsted, the United States citizen Timothy Clovesko of 5250 Columbia street Apt.407 (44070); Live in Ohio Chagrin Falls, the United States citizen Julian Norley of 17635 Plum Creek Trail (44023); Live in Ohio Parma; The United States citizen Martin David Smalc of 5608 Ely Vista Drive (44129) with live in Ohio Strongsville, a kind of novelty of the United States citizen JosephPayl Capp invention of 10094 Juniper Court (44136) and useful " radiator that is used for display unit ".
Related application
The application is that on October 14th, 2003 is by Norley; Smalc; The U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.10/685 of common unsettled and commonly assigned being entitled as that Capp and Clovesko submit " radiator that is used for plasma display panel " (Heat Spreader for Plasma Display Panel); 103; With on May 12nd, 2004 by Clovesko, Norley, the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number No.10/844 of common unsettled and commonly assigned being entitled as that Smalc and Capp submit " radiator that is used for emission display " (Heat Spreader for Emissive Display Device); 537 partial continuous application, the content of these applications is drawn for referencial use at this.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radiator that is used for display unit such as plasma display panel (PDP), LCD (LCD), light-emitting diode (LED) etc., and the calorifics problem of the uniqueness that causes by these devices.
Background technology
Plasma display panel is a kind of display unit that comprises a plurality of discharge cells, and causes that through on the electrode discharge unit, applying voltage desirable discharge cell emission light constitutes display image.As the face equipment of plasma display panel major part, form thereby insert and put a plurality of discharge cell manufacturings betwixt through two glass substrates are bonded together.
In plasma display panel, be used for the discharge cell generation heat that image forms thereby cause launching light, thereby each said discharge cell constitutes thermal source, and the temperature of plasma display panel is risen overally.The heat that produces in the discharge cell passes to the glass that constitutes substrate, but since the character of glass substrate material be difficult to be parallel to the direction heat conduction of panel surface.
In addition, encouraged and the temperature of luminous discharge cell significantly raises, and that the temperature of the discharge cell that is not encouraged can not raise is so many.Thus, the plate surface temperature of the panel of plasma display panel local rising in the zone that produces image.In addition, the discharge cell that in white or brighter color spectrum, encourages is compared with the discharge cell that in black or dark color spectrum, encourages, and produces more heats.Thereby, depend on the color that produces when generating image, different on the temperature part of panel surface.These local temperature differences have been quickened the heat drop matter of influenced discharge cell, only if take some cooling measure to improve this species diversity.In addition, when the character of display epigraph changed, local heat produced the position and becomes with image.
In addition; Because excited target the and temperature difference between the excited target discharge cell is not higher, in fact, the temperature difference that produces between the discharge cell of white light and the dark-coloured light of generation is also higher; Panel component receives stress, causes conventional plasma display panel to be easy to break and destroy.
When the voltage that imposes on the discharge cell electrode increased, the brightness of discharge cell increased, but the heat that produces in these unit also increases.Therefore, those unit with big driving voltage are easier to take place heat drop matter, and have aggravated the splintering problem of the face equipment of plasma display panel.Generate for heat, there be the problem identical with PDP in LED.In LCD, there is identical problem in display unit beyond emission display, wherein the efficient or the life-span of bright spot meeting restraint device.
Morita, Ichiyanagi, Ikeda; Nishiki, Inoue, Komyoji and Kawashima are at United States Patent(USP) No. 5; A kind of thermo-contact material that uses so-called " high orientation graphite film " (high orientation graphite film) as plasma display panel is proposed, with the back side of filling display panel and the space between the heat abstractor in 831,374; And local temperature difference is reduced, but, do not mention the use or the distinct advantages of flexible graphite platelet.In addition, the United States Patent(USP) No. 6,482,520 of Tzeng has disclosed and has used the radiator (in this patent be called heat dissipation interface) of the compressed particles sheet of leafing graphite as thermal source such as electronic unit.In fact, can be from the Ohio Advanced EnergyTechnology company of Lakewood buy eGraf
SpreaderShield class material as this material.
Graphite is made up of the hexagonal array or the network layered planes of carbon atom.These hexagon stratiform planes that are arranged with carbon atom are smooth substantially, and orientation perhaps is ranked into parallel substantially and equidistant.The cardinal principle that often is called graphene layer or basic plane is smooth, parallel equidistant is from carbon atom sheet or layer, bonding or bond together, and its group is arranged in crystal grain.The graphite of high-sequential is made up of quite large-sized crystal grain, and crystal grain is highly arranged or orientation each other, and has good orderly carbon-coating.In other words, the graphite of high-sequential has the preferred grain orientation of height.Should be noted that graphite has anisotropic structure, thereby show or have many character that have directivity, like thermal conductivity and conductivity.
In brief, graphite is characterized as carbon-coating shape structure, the structure that carbon atom lamination that promptly combines through weak Van der Waals for or thin layer constitute.When considering graphite-structure, often note two axis or direction, i.e. " c " axis or direction and " a " axis or direction.For simplicity, can " c " axis or direction be assumed to the direction perpendicular to carbon-coating." a " axis or direction are assumed to the direction that is parallel to carbon-coating or perpendicular to the direction of " c " direction.The graphite that is suitable for making flexible graphite platelet has very high orientation.
As stated, the adhesion that the carbon atom parallel layers is kept together is merely weak Van der Waals for.Can handle native graphite; The carbon-coating of lamination or the spacing between the lamination are obviously increased; So that significant expansion of i.e. " c " direction generation of direction, thereby form the graphite-structure that is expanded, wherein keep the laminar character of carbon-coating basically perpendicular to layer.
In bonding or integrated of expanded graphite, need not to use adhesive; Just can form the graphite flake that final thickness or " c " direction are of a size of the about 80 times very big expansion of original " c " direction size or especially significantly expand, for example (so-called " flexible graphites ") such as paper web, paper, bar, band, paper tinsel, mats.Believe because mechanical interlocking or the cohesion that realizes between a large amount of expanded graphite particles; Need not to use any adhesives, just can will expand into final thickness or " c " direction and be of a size of the about 80 times graphite particle of original " c " direction size and form integrated flexible sheets through compression.
Except flexible, as stated, find that also because the orientation and the graphite linings of the expanded graphite particles that high pressure causes are arranged essentially parallel to the sheet material apparent surface, the pyrogenicity conduction has the height anisotropy, and sheet material is specially adapted in the cooling application.The sheet material that manufactures has excellent flexibility, good intensity and height-oriented property.
In brief; Soft, nothing bonding anisotropic graphite sheet material; Manufacture process like net, paper, bar, band, paper tinsel, mat etc.; Be included in predetermined load and do not have under the condition of adhesive, compression or extruding " c " direction are of a size of the about 80 times expanded graphite particles of predecessor size, thereby form general planar, soft integrated graphite flake.Usually profile is the expanded graphite particles of vermiform or earthworm shape, in case be compressed, just will keep compressive deformation and aims at the corresponding main surfaces of thin slice.Change the density and the thickness of sheet material through the control compression degree.The density of sheet material can be in the scope from about 0.04g/cc to about 2.0g/c.
Because graphite particle is parallel to the opposing parallel first type surface orientation of thin slice, flexible graphite sheet shows tangible anisotropy, and along with the sheet material compression increases orientation, the anisotropy degree increases.In the anisotropic sheet material that is compressed; Thickness promptly comprises " c " direction perpendicular to the direction of opposing parallel sheet surface; Length and Width promptly along or the direction that is parallel to corresponding main surfaces comprise " a " direction; For " c " and " a " direction, the calorifics of thin slice or electrical properties are very different, and amplitude differs several magnitudes.
But; What be concerned about in the electronics industry is; Usually use material can cause graphite particle to peel off based on graphite; Thin slice can cause machinery (promptly identical with dust particle mode) to disturb to operation of equipment and function as a result, because the conduction property of graphite, graphite flake can disturb emission display noise electricity.Although believe to show that these concerns are unsuitable, but it still exists.
In addition, it sometimes is disadvantageous using adhesive that heat radiator is fixed in emission display.Particularly, when needs are reprocessed (remove with more heat exchange radiator), adhesive should be stronger than the structural intergrity of graphite flake; In this case, be not can not use scraper or other instruments and graphite flake is peeled off neatly, can expend time in like this and may damage graphite flake, display panel or can damage both.
Therefore, need a kind of in light weight and cost-effective radiator that is used for emission display, can prevent that graphite particle from peeling off during particularly a kind of independent use, and when needed can be from installing the radiator of effectively removing.Required radiator should make the balance that becomes of the temperature difference in the device district that radiator contacts, thereby reduces the thermal stress that display panel in other cases receives, and can be used to reduce hot spot, even if the position of hot spot also is not like this fixedly the time.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a kind of display unit such as plasma display panel, light-emitting diode or LCD that comprises radiator.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of display unit that can be used in order to improve the radiator material of the temperature difference that produces in the use.
Another purpose of the present invention is that the one or more unit that are provided as thermal source such as plasma display panel provide radiator material, thereby compares with the display panel that does not have radiator of the present invention, and the temperature difference on the display panel between any two positions reduces.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of heat sink material that can be applicable to thermal source or thermal source crowd such as plasma display panel or light-emitting diode, and good thermo-contact is bonding between radiator and the plasma display panel.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of radiator material, and it is isolated can prevent or reduce the possibility that graphite particle is peeled off.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide can be through to radiator or thermal source causes the mode of minimal to be bonded to and the radiator removed from thermal source.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of radiator of can be in a large number and producing through cost-effective mode.
Through reading following description; These and other purposes that those skilled in the art obviously can draw; Can realize through a kind of display unit of radiator that comprises is provided; This radiator comprises that at least one leaves the compressed particles sheet of graphite, and its surface area is greater than that part of surface area like discharge cell on the back surface of facing this device.Said display unit can be emission display such as plasma display panel or light-emitting diode display panel, or another kind of display unit such as liquid crystal indicator.More preferably, the surface area of the compressed particles sheet of said at least one leafing graphite is greater than that part of surface area of a plurality of discharge cells on the back surface of facing this device.Advantageously, radiator is the lamination that comprises the compressed particles sheet of a plurality of leafing graphite, and above have protective finish and peel off from this to prevent graphite particle.In a preferred embodiment, the surface of radiator has sheet facings, like aluminium or copper sheet, with further sealed heat-dissipating device be convenient to reprocess.
In a preferred embodiment, have adhesive and parting material on the radiator, be arranged to adhesive and insert and put between radiator and parting material.When parting material is chosen to make parting material to separate at a predetermined velocity with adhesive, can not cause the infringement of not expected to heat sink material.In fact, adhesive and parting material should produce the average tearaway load that is not more than every centimetre of about 40 grams when separating rate is about 1 meter per second, under the separating rate of one meter of about per second, preferably are not more than every centimetre of about 10 grams.
In addition, adhesive preferably obtains every square centimeter of about at least 125 gram (g/cm
2) the minimum overlay shear bond strength, preferred average overlapping shear bond strength is every square centimeter of about at least 700 grams.Adhesive should make the thermal resistance of the thickness direction of adhesive/heat sink material combination, compares with heat sink material itself, increases to be no more than about 35%.Adhesive thickness should be not more than about 0.015 millimeter (mm), and preferred thickness is not more than about 0.005mm.
Be to be understood that; Top general description and following detailed description provide execution mode of the present invention; And be intended to provide the summary or the framework of understanding; And be used to provide to further understanding of the present invention, and comprise and constitute the part of specification like character of the present invention and the characteristic accompanying drawing that claim proposes.Description of drawings numerous embodiments of the present invention, be used to explain principle of the present invention and operation with describing.
Based on above-mentioned purpose; The present invention provides a kind of display unit that comprises radiator; Said radiator has two first type surfaces; Said radiator comprises at least one compressed particles sheet of leafing graphite; Whole and the said display unit direct heat of the said first type surface of at least one of wherein said radiator contacts, and wherein said radiator also comprises finish coat, and said finish coat bonds on one of them first type surface of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite and is arranged between the said compressed particles sheet and said display of said leafing graphite.
In other respects, said finish coat comprises metal.Said radiator comprises laminate, and said laminate comprises a plurality of compressed particles sheets of said leafing graphite.Said radiator comprises the non-graphite material of one deck except said finish coat at least.Said non-graphite material layer comprises metal, polymer or insulating material.Said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite has edge surface, and at least one said edge surface is coated with and is enough to the protective finish that prevents that graphite particle from peeling off.Said display unit comprises light-emitting diode.It also comprises adhesive phase said radiator.
The present invention also provides a kind of display unit that comprises radiator; Said radiator has two first type surfaces; Said radiator comprises at least one compressed particles sheet of leafing graphite; Whole and the said display unit direct heat of the said first type surface of at least one of wherein said radiator contacts, and at least a portion of at least one compressed particles sheet of wherein said leafing graphite is coated with protective finish, is enough to prevent that graphite particle from peeling off.
In other respects, said protective finish comprises metal or thermoplastic.The thickness of said protective finish is not more than about 0.025mm.Said protective finish is effectively isolated the part electricity of the coating of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite.Said radiator also comprises adhesive phase.This display unit comprises emission display, and the surface area of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite is greater than that part of surface area of the discharge cell at the back side of facing said emission display.Said emission display is a plasma display panel.At least one said first type surface is coated with protective finish, is enough to prevent that graphite particle from peeling off.Said protective finish comprises metal or thermoplastic.The thickness of said protective finish is not more than about 0.025mm.Said protective finish is effectively isolated the first type surface electricity of the coating of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite.This display unit also comprises the adhesive phase between said at least one the compressed particles sheet that places said protective finish and said leafing graphite.This display unit comprises emission display, and the surface area of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite is greater than that part of surface area of the discharge cell at the back side of facing said emission display.Said emission display is a plasma display panel.This display unit also comprises the adhesive phase that places between said protective finish and the said display unit.Said display unit comprises light-emitting diode.
Description of drawings
The top perspective that Fig. 1 cuts open for the part of an embodiment of radiator of the present invention.
The top perspective that Fig. 2 cuts open for the part of another embodiment of radiator of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the end view of another embodiment of radiator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 representes to be used for producing continuously the system of the flexible graphite platelet that is injected with resin.
Embodiment
Graphite is the crystal form of carbon, and it is included in uses more weak key covalent bond to become the atom of smooth layered plane between the plane.When obtaining the raw material of above-mentioned flexible graphite platelet, use the solution-treated graphite particle of intercalator such as sulfuric acid and nitric acid usually, like natural graphite flake, wherein the crystal structure of graphite reacts, to form the compound of graphite and intercalator.Below treated graphite particle is called " embedding graphite particle ".In case be exposed to high temperature, the intercalator in the graphite just decomposes, volatilize, and the particle that makes embedding graphite is in " c " direction, and promptly in the direction perpendicular to the graphite crystal face, size expand into about 80 times or more of initial volume with Z-shaped mode.(perhaps being called leafing) the graphite particle outward appearance that expands is a vermiform, thereby often is called the lira body.The lira body can formation flexible sheets compressed together, and they are different with original graphite flake, can constitute and cut into different shape, and form little transverse opening through deformation mechanical shock.
The graphite raw material that is applicable to the flexible sheets among the present invention comprises can embed organic and high graphitic carbon material and halogen inorganic acid, expands when hot being exposed to.The preferred degree of graphitization of these high graphitic carbon materials is about 1.0.As employed in this explanation, the value g according to following formula represented in term " degree of graphitization ":
Wherein d (002) is unit for the spacing between the graphite linings of carbon in the crystal structure that records with the dust.X-ray diffraction technique through standard is measured the spacing d between the graphite linings.Measure and (002) position of the corresponding diffraction maximum of (004) and (006) Miller index (Miller Indices), and the least square of the standard of the employing technology spacing of overall error minimum of all these peak values of sening as an envoy to of deriving.High graphitic carbon property material for example comprises the native graphite in multiple source, and other carbon property materials, like the graphite through preparations such as chemical vapor deposition, the pyrolysis of polymer or the crystallizations of molten metal solutions.More preferably native graphite.
The graphite raw material of used flexible sheets can contain non-graphite composition among the present invention, as long as raw-material crystal structure keeps desired degree of graphitization, and can leafing.Usually, crystal structure has desired degree of graphitization, and any carbonaceous material that can leafing, all is applicable to the present invention.This graphite preferably has the dust burdening less than 20 percent percentage by weight.The purity of the graphite that preferred the present invention adopts is at least about 94%.In most preferred embodiment, the purity of the graphite that is adopted is at least about 98%.
People such as Shane are at United States Patent(USP) No. 3,404, have described a kind of conventional method that is used to make graphite flake in 061, and this patent content draws for referencial use at this.In the representative embodiments of people's methods such as Shane; Through thin slice being scattered in the solution that contains the mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid for example; Preferably in per 100 parts of weight graphite flakes, about 20 embed under the degree of solution (pph), embed natural graphite flake to about 300 parts of weight.Embed solution and comprise oxidation as known in the art and other intercalators.For example comprise the material that contains oxidant and oxidation mixture, as contain nitric acid, potassium chlorate, chromic acid, potassium permanganate, potassium chromate, potassium bichromate, perchloric acid etc.; Perhaps mixture is like cone, nitric acid and chlorate, chromic acid and phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid; The perhaps mixture of strong organic acid is fluoridized acetate as three, and is dissolved in the organic acid strong oxidizer.Perhaps, can use electromotive force to make graphite oxidation.The chemical substance that can use electrolytic oxidation to introduce in the graphite crystal comprises sulfuric acid and other acid.
In a preferred embodiment, intercalator is a sulfuric acid, perhaps sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, and with the mixture solution of oxidant, oxidant such as nitric acid, perchloric acid, chromic acid, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, acid iodide or periodic acid etc.Though be not more preferably, can comprise metal halide such as iron chloride but embed solution, and the iron chloride that is mixed with sulfuric acid, the perhaps solution of halide such as bromine, bromine and sulfuric acid or the bromine in the organic solvent.
The amount that embeds solution is about 20 to about 350pph, preferably is about 40 to about 160pph.After embedding thin slice, discharge excess solution from thin slice, and water flushing thin slice.
Perhaps, the amount that embeds solution may be limited between about 10 to about 40pph, and like United States Patent(USP) No. 4,895, institute instruct and the rinsing step of need not of description in 713, and the content of this patent is also drawn for referencial use at this.
With the particle of the graphite flake that embeds solution-treated, selectively for example contact with organic reducing agent through mixing, can from the alcohol, sugar, aldehyde and the ester that under 25 ℃ to 125 ℃ range temperature, react, select organic reducing agent with the skin covering of the surface of oxidation embedding solution.Suitable special organic agent comprises hexadecanol, octadecanol, 1-octanol, sec-n-octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, 1; 10 decanediols, capraldehyde, 1-propyl alcohol, 1; 3 propane diols, 1; 2 ethylidene glycols, polypropylene glycol, glucose, fructose, lactose, sucrose, farina, ethylene glycol monostearate, dibenzoic diglycol laurate, propylene glycol monostearate, glycerine monostearate, dimethyl oxalate, diethy-aceto oxalate, methyl formate, Ethyl formate, ascorbic acid and lignin derivative compound are like sodium lignin sulfonate.The amount of organic reducing agent is more suitable when accounting for about 0.5 to 4% graphite flake particle weight part.
Before embedding, during or the expansion acid adopted immediately afterwards can also bring improvement effect.These improvement comprise the reduction exfoliation temperature and increase expanding volume (being also referred to as " lira body volume ").Expansion acid among this paper is preferably and can fully be dissolved in the organic material that embeds in the solution, expands so that improve.Further limit, can be preferably but the employing of nonexcludability ground contains this type organic material of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.Found that carboxylic acid is particularly effective.The carboxylic acid that is applicable to the acid of expanding can be from having at least one carbon atom; Preferably has aromatic series, aliphat or alicyclic up to about 15 carbon atoms; Side chain or side chain; Saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is selected in dicarboxylic acids and the polybasic carboxylic acid, the improvement to one or more aspects of leafing that it is dissolved in that the amount that embeds in the solution is enough to that effective generation can measure.Can adopt suitable organic solvent to improve the solubility of organic expander acid in embedding solution.
The representative example of representative examples of saturated aliphatic carboxylic is for being H (CH such as chemical formula
2)
nThe acid of COOH, wherein n is from 0 to about 5 numeral, comprises formic acid, acetate, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid etc.Replace carboxylic acid, also can use acid anhydride or active carboxylic acid derivative such as Arrcostab.The typical example of Arrcostab is methyl formate and Ethyl formate.Sulfuric acid, nitric acid and other known water-soluble intercalators ability decompose formic acid finally resolve into water and carbon dioxide.For this reason, help before thin slice immerses water-soluble intercalator, making the responsive acid of expanding of formic acid and other to contact.Representational dicarboxylic acids is the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with 2-12 carbon atom; Particularly oxalic acid, fumaric acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, 1; 5-pentane dicarboxylic acid, 1; 6-adipic acid, 1,10-decane dicarboxylic acid, cyclohexane-1-4-dicarboxylic acids and aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as phthalic acid or terephthalic acid (TPA).Representational Arrcostab is dimethyl oxalate and diethy-aceto oxalate.Representational alicyclic acid is a cyclohexane-carboxylic acid; Aromatic carboxylic acids is benzoic acid, naphthoic acid, ortho-aminobenzoic acid, p-amino benzoic Acid, salicylic acid, o-, m-and p-methyl benzoic acid, methoxyl group and ethoxybenzoic acid, acetyl acetamide benzoic acid, acetaminobenzoic acid, phenylacetic acid and naphthoic acid.Representational hydroxy aromatic acid is a hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-hydroxyl-1-naphthoic acid, 3-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid, 4-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid, 5-hydroxyl-1-naphthoic acid, 5-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid, 6-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid and 7-hydroxyl-2-naphthoic acid.In polybasic carboxylic acid, be mainly citric acid.
Embeds solution and contain water, and the amount that preferably comprises the acid of expanding is about 1% to 10% that this quantity helps reinforced layer and leaves.In this embodiment, wherein expansion is sour before or after graphite flake immersion water-based embedding solution contacts with graphite flake.Expansion acid can mix with graphite through appropriate device such as V-blending machine, and general quantity accounts for about 0.2% to about 10% of graphite weight portion.
After embedding graphite flake, will embed graphite flake and mix with organic reducing agent, then mixture is placed in 25 ℃ to the 125 ℃ temperature ranges, promote reducing agent and the reaction that embeds graphite flake.Reach about 20 hours heating cycle, for temperature higher in the above-mentioned scope, heating cycle is shorter, for example about at least 10 minutes.When higher temperature, can adopt half an hour or shorter time, for example 10 to 25 minutes magnitudes.
Through at graphitization temperature be about 3000 ℃ with above temperature range in to the graphite flake preliminary treatment, and in the intercalator through comprising lubricating additive, help strengthening the method for above-mentioned embedding and leafing graphite flake.
The preliminary treatment of graphite flake or annealing cause when thin slice stands embedding and leafing subsequently, and swell increment obviously increases (being that expanding volume increases to 300% or bigger).In fact, hope to compare with the similar processing without annealing steps, expanding increases at least 50%.The temperature that annealing steps adopted should not be starkly lower than 3000 ℃, even if because temperature reduces by 100 ℃, also can cause expanding significantly reduces.
Carry out annealing a period of time of the present invention, this time be enough to cause thin slice embed with subsequent layer from the time dilation increase.The general required time is 1 hour or longer, is preferably 1 to 3 hour, is more preferably under inert environments and handles.In order to realize maximum beneficial effect, annealed graphite flake also will stand other processing that are used to increase dilation as known in the art-promptly have organic reducing agent, embedding when embedding acid like organic acid, and after embedding, carry out surfactant and wash.In addition, in order to obtain maximum beneficial effect, can repeat to embed step.
In induced electricity electric furnace or graphitization field, carry out annealing steps of the present invention in known other these kind equipments; Temperature in 3000 ℃ of scopes that here adopt is in the high-end of the temperature range of meeting in the graphitizing process.
Because observe, use the lira body of making through the graphite that embeds annealing in process in advance, sometimes " aggegation " can have a negative impact to regional weight uniformity together, extremely need the additive that helps form " do not have and flow " lira body.Lubricating additive is joined in the embedding solution, be convenient to the lira body and on the workbench (as being used for becoming the calendering of flexible graphite platelet to operate the workbench of the station graphite lira body compression (or " calendering ") traditionally) of compression device, distribute more uniformly.Thereby the thin slice that is produced has higher regional weight uniformity and bigger tensile strength, even the raw material graphite particle also is like this during less than graphite particle used in the tradition.Lubricating additive is preferably long chain hydrocarbon.Also can adopt to have long chain hydrocarbon groups, even have the organic compound of other functional groups.
More preferably, lubricating additive is an oil, mineral oil most preferably, especially consider mineral oil be not easy to rancid with scent of, be a kind of important consideration for long preservation.Note the above-mentioned also satisfied definition of some expansion acid to lubricating additive.When using these materials, not necessarily comprise lubricating additive in the intercalator separately as expansion acid.
The quantity that lubricating additive exists in intercalator is at least about 1.4pph, preferably about at least 1.8pph.Although the upper limit of lubricant content is strict not as lower limit, can not bring tangible attendant advantages above about 4pph but seem to comprise lubricating additive.
Sometimes this treated graphite particle is called " embedding graphite particle ".When exposing at high temperature; For example about at least 160 ℃; Particularly about 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃ and higher temperature; Embed graphite particle along the c-direction,, expand into about 80 to 1000 times or bigger of its initial volume through a kind of Z-shape mode promptly along direction perpendicular to the crystal face that constitutes graphite particle.Through overexpansion is that the graphite particle outward appearance of leafing is a worm shape, thereby often is called the lira body.The lira body can be embossed in together, becomes the flexible sheets with little transverse opening different with original graphite flakes, and parting material can form and cut into different shape, and is as described below.
Perhaps, flexible graphite platelet of the present invention can utilize reground flexible graphite platelet but not the new lira body that expands.Thin slice can be the new sheet material that forms, green sheet, waste material sheet material or any other appropriate sources again.
And process of the present invention can be used mixture or whole regrown material of fresh material and regrown material.
The raw material that is used for regrown material can perhaps prolong the thin slice of roll compaction for through above-mentioned molded thin slice or the part of thin slice through repairing through precompressed.In addition, raw material can be for injecting resin but the thin slice that also do not have to solidify or thin slice through the part of finishing, perhaps injected resin and the thin slice that has solidified or thin slice part through finishing.Raw material can also be regeneration flexible graphite PEM fuel cell component such as flow-field plate or electrode.Can use each in the multiple graphite raw material, perhaps mix use with natural graphite flakes.
In case obtained the raw material of flexible graphite platelet, then can or install through known procedure like pulverizing such as jet grinding, air grinding, mixers, generate particle.Best, the diameter of most of particle surpasses the 20U.S. mesh; More preferably major part (greater than about 20%, more preferably greater than about 50%) is no more than the 80U.S. mesh.Most preferably, the particle size of particle is not more than about 20 meshes.
Can select to grind the size of particle like this, balanced balancing machine processability and formability and the required thermal property of considering graphite particle.Thereby, produce than small-particle and to be easier to the graphite product processing and/or be shaped, and generation is had more high anisotropy than macroparticle, thus conductivity and the higher graphite product of thermal conductivity in the face.
In case the grinding raw material are then removed any resin if necessary, are re-inflated then.Embedding and stripping process described in people's such as the United States Patent (USP) 3,404,061 that can use people such as above-mentioned and Shane and Greinke the United States Patent (USP) 4,895,713 are re-inflated.
Usually, through heating imbedded particle in stove the particle genetic horizon is left after the embedding.In this leafing step process, can the natural graphite flakes that embed be added in the regeneration imbedded particle.Preferably, in being re-inflated step process, particle expand into has about at least 100cc/g to about 350cc/g or a certain designated volume in larger scope.At last, after being re-inflated step, the particle that is re-inflated is compressed into flexible sheets, as described above.
Flexible graphite and paper tinsel are condensed into has good processing intensity, and for example through the compression molded thickness that is compressed into about 0.025mm to 3.75mm, density is every cubic centimetre of about 0.1 to 1.5 gram (g/cc) usually.Although be not always preferred, but also can advantageously handle flexible graphite platelet sometimes, and after curing, the moisture resistance that adsorbed resin has strengthened flexible graphite platelet is a hardness with processing intensity, and the form of " fixing " thin slice with resin.In use, suitable resin content is preferably about at least 5% percentage by weight, more preferably about 10% to 35% percentage by weight, and suitable is up to 60% percentage by weight.Find that in implementation process of the present invention useful especially resin comprises acrylic acid, epoxy and phenolic group resin system, or its mixture.Suitable epoxy resin comprises the resin and other polyfunctional group resin system based on diglycidyl ether or bisphenol-A (DGEBA); Adoptable phenolic resins comprises resol and novolac phenol.
Referring to Fig. 4, a kind of system that embeds the flexible graphite platelet that resin is arranged that is used for making is continuously disclosed, wherein graphite flake and liquid intercalator are filled in the reactor 104.More specifically, container 101 is used to comprise liquid intercalator.Container 101 is suitable for being processed by stainless steel, and compensates liquid intercalator continuously through conduit 106.Container 102 comprises graphite flake, imports in the reactor 104 with the intercalator from container 101.Such as corresponding speed through valve 108,107 control intercalators and graphite flake input reactor 4.Graphite flake in the container 102 can replenish through conduit 109 continuously.Can add additive through distributor 110, like the for example acid of trace of embedding reinforcing agent, and organic chemicals, wherein the output at distributor 110 measures through valve 111.
The embedding graphite particle that is produced is moistening and scribbles acid, and is directed (such as through conduit 112) to flushing cisterns 114, at this place's flushing particle, preferably is utilized in the water of Reference numeral 116,118 places turnover flushing cisterns 114.Then, the embedding graphite flake of process flushing is as passing through to hothouse 122 through conduit 120.Can add the flow that embeds graphite flakes from container 119 such as buffer, oxidation inhibitor, the additive that falls dirty chemical substance,, and utilize and change the gaseous emission that causes expansion so that change the surface chemical property of leafing in the expansion process.
It is dry in drier 122 to embed graphite flake, preferably about 75 ℃ dry under about 150 ℃ temperature, avoid embedding graphite flake usually and take place anyly to swell or expand.After the drying, embed graphite flake, utilize conduit 126 to inject collecting vessel 124 continuously, in fluid stream input flame 200, then shown in Reference numeral 2, in the flame 200 in the fluid stream input expansion vessel 128 through for example.The ceramic fibre particle that additive constitutes like quartz glass fibre, carbon and graphite fibre, zirconia, boron nitride, diamond dust and the magnesia fibers of macerating, the mineral fibres of natural generation such as calcium metasilicate fiber, calcium silicates aluminum fiber, alumina fibre etc. can add through carrying secretly in the stream thigh of the embedding graphite particle that advances under the condition that does not have active gases to introduce at Reference numeral 127 from container 129.
Embed graphite particle 2 after through the flame 200 in the expanding chamber 201, expanding in " c " direction surpasses 80 times, and demonstrates a kind of " vermiform " expanded form 5; From Reference numeral 129 additives that introduce and that mix with the stream thigh that embeds graphite particle, unaffected basically through flame 200 time.Expanded graphite particles 5 can be passed through gravity separator 130, wherein from expanded graphite particles, isolates heavier grey shape natural minerals particle, gets into then in the butt funnel 132 of broad.Can be when when not required with separator 130 bypasses.
Expansion be leafing graphite particle 5 with any additives free fall in funnel 132, and for example arbitrarily disperse and get into compressor station 136 through groove 134.Compressor station 136 comprise separation opposite, assemble mobile porous belts 157,158, so that the expanded graphite particles 5 that receiving layer leaves.Because opposite mobile belt 157, the space between 158 reduce; The expanded graphite particles of leafing is compressed at the flexible graphite pad shown in the Reference numeral 148; Its thickness from for example about 25.4 to 0.075mm, particularly from about 25.4 to 2.5mm, density from about 0.08 to about 2.0g/cm
3But the gas that 149 removals of using gases washer and cleaning are sent from expanding chamber 201 and funnel 132.
After thickening, the resin in the flexible graphite platelet 147 solidifies in curing oven 180 at least in part.Perhaps, can carry out before the thickening partly solidifiedly, but solidify after the preferred thickening.
But, in one embodiment of the invention, flexible graphite platelet does not have embedded resin, can omit container 150, drier 160 and curing oven 180 in this case.
Manufacturing dimension is the plasma display panel of (angle is to angular measurement) more than 1 meter now.Thereby, be used to cool off and the heat-radiator plate that improves the hot spot effect on this display panel also requires quite greatly, take advantage of about 500 micron dimensions for about 270 millimeters, perhaps take advantage of 500 micron dimensions or bigger for about 800 microns.In plasma display panel, as stated, there are thousands of the unit that contain plasma gas respectively.When voltage imposes on each unit, the fluorophor reaction in plasma gas and each unit, producing has coloured light.Because to produce plasma, plasma scope may be very warm with gas ionization for the sizable energy of needs.In addition, depend on the color in the specific region of display panel, on screen, produce hot spot, can cause the too early damage of fluorophor, shorten display life, and originally produce thermal stress on one's body at display panel.Thereby, need radiator to reduce the influence of these hot spots.
Find leafing graphite compressed particles sheet, the particularly lamination of leafing graphite compressed particles sheet, be specially adapted to the radiator of display such as plasma scope.More specifically,, be called flexible graphite platelet here, be arranged to the dorsal part thermo-contact with plasma display panel, make flexible graphite platelet cover a plurality of thermals source (being discharge cell) in the display panel one or more pieces leafing graphite compressed particles.In other words, the surface area of flexible graphite platelet is greater than the surface area of the discharge cell of the dorsal part of plasma display panel; In fact, the surface area of flexible graphite platelet is greater than the surface area of a plurality of discharge cells of dorsal part of plasma display panel.Therefore, owing to form the character of the excellent type graphite material of radiator of the present invention, when display panel institute images displayed changed, the heat of the hot spot that it produces in can the diverse location with plasma display panel dissipated.
Because the character of flexible graphite platelet material; Promptly and other materials; Compare with the graphite of other forms even, comply with more, the contact resistance between radiator and the plasma display panel reduces; And compare when using the prior art radiator and imposing, can obtain better thermo-contact with equal pressure.
Flexible graphite sheet heat radiator of the present invention is used to reduce the heat poor (being Δ T) between a plurality of positions on the display.In other words, the Δ T when not having flexible graphite platelet compares, the flexible graphite radiator of the application of the invention, can reduce between the hot spot on the plasma display panel as the position that produces white image and the adjacent position that produces image secretly between temperature difference.Thereby, reduced the thermal stress that plasma display panel receives under other situation, prolong display panel life-span and effectiveness.And then owing to reduced hot spot (being thermal spike), whole parts can work under the higher temperature, make image enhancement.
In fact, with the layer of adhesive on it radiator being bonded to plasma display panel, in the plasma display panel assembling process, is favourable for the heat radiator that will make particularly.Thereby must use release liner to cover adhesive, adhesive clip between release liner and graphite flake, can be bonded to plasma display panel storage and transport heat radiator before.
Use has the graphite flake that scribbles adhesive (the perhaps lamination of sheet) of release liner, when being used for extensive plasma display panel manufacture process, need satisfy some requirement.Particularly, release liner must be able to be removed at a high speed from sheet, can not make graphite laminated.Issue layer estranged when in fact release liner makes the situation of adhesive and some graphite flake release sheets when removing; Cause the graphite waste; Graphite flake itself damage, and graphite flake is bonded to the required adhesive of plasma display panel and reduces, and outward appearance is ugly and not good.
However; Owing to must select adhesive and release liner; Make and adhesive/graphite flake to be separated and graphite can layering with release liner; The intensity of adhesive must be enough to graphite flake is remained on the appropriate position on the plasma display panel, and simultaneously display panel demonstrates any in the multiple orientation, to guarantee good thermo-contact between radiator and the display panel.
In addition, adhesive must not can cause the remarkable reduction of radiator calorifics character.In other words, the adhesive that applies into the big thickness of one deck may influence the thermal property of radiator, is transmitted to radiator because adhesive can influence heat from plasma display panel or other display unit.
Therefore; Adhesive and release liner combination must reach certain balance; Make that under the separating rate of about 1m/s when on ChemInstruments HSR-1000 high-speed separation detector for example, measuring, their produce and are not more than about 40g/cm; 20g/cm preferably approximately, the most preferably about disengaging load of 10g/cm.For example; Remove release liner so that require to conform to if require with the speed of about 1m/s with the extensive manufacturing of display unit such as plasma display panel; Then the average disengaging load of release liner should be not more than about 40g/cm; 20g/cm preferably approximately, more preferably about 10g/cm is so that can not cause graphite laminated when under this separating rate, removing release liner.In order to realize this purpose, the thickness of adhesive preferably is no more than about 0.015mm, more preferably no more than about 0.005mm.
Another factor that needs balance to consider is the adhesive strength of above-mentioned adhesive; In the plasma display panel manufacture process, must be enough to radiator is remained on the appropriate position on the plasma display panel, to guarantee good thermo-contact between radiator and the plasma display panel.Required bonding in order to realize, when for example on ChemInstruments TT-1000 pulling force detector, measuring, adhesive must have at least approximately 125g/cm
2The minimum overlay shear bond strength, more preferably average overlapping shear bond strength is at least approximately 700g/cm
2
Through above-described full content, adhesive should not influence the thermal property of radiator basically.This means that the existence of adhesive can not cause the thermal resistance of heat sink thickness direction to increase more than 100% than the heat sink material that does not have adhesive itself.In fact, in preferred embodiment, adhesive is compared with the heat sink material that does not have adhesive, and it is about more than 35% that thermal resistance is increased.Therefore, adhesive must satisfy and breaks away from the load folded shear bond strength requirement of counterpoise of will demanding for peace, and is fully thin simultaneously to avoid thermal resistance undesirably extremely to increase.In order to satisfy these requirements, the thickness of adhesive should be no more than about 0.015mm, and preferred thickness is no more than 0.005mm.
When heat sink applications is in display unit such as plasma display panel in manufacture process in enormous quantities; In order to realize required above-mentioned equilibrium; Radiator is that thickness is not more than about 2.0mm; Density is between every cubic centimetre about 1.6 compressed particles sheet or the lamination of sheet to the leafing graphite between about 1.9 grams, the pressure sensitive acrylic adhesive of the desired thickness that can buy, the release liner of processing in conjunction with the Kraft paper that scribbles siloxanes; As L2 or the L4 release liner that can buy from SilTech portion of TechicoteInc. branch, can realize required result.Therefore; A kind of like this radiator composite material is provided; It comprises heat sink material, like the compressed particles sheet of leafing graphite or the lamination of sheet, has certain thickness adhesive in the above; The thermal property of heat sink material can not suffered damage basically, and separating layer is arranged between heat sink material and the parting material adhesive.Then, in use, can from radiator/binder combination, remove parting material, and then heat sink material/binder combination is applied to display unit such as plasma display panel, thereby adhesive bonds to plasma display panel with heat sink material.In addition, when making a plurality of plasma display panel, at least one radiator/binder combination is applied to each of a plurality of plasma display panels.
When adopting flexible graphite laminate, can also comprise machinery or the thermal property of other laminations to improve lamination as radiator of the present invention.For example, the lamination of between the flexible graphite layer, can plant heat-conducting metal shape aluminium or copper so that increase the thermal diffusivity of lamination, and can not sacrificed the low contact resistance that graphite shows; Can also adopt other materials, like polymer, to strengthen or to improve the intensity of lamination.In addition; No matter monolithic or lamination; Graphite material can be provided with plastic board, perhaps in a kind of selectable mode, can be provided with the backing layer that thin dry resin coating forms; With the processing that improves material and/or reduce to transport or when being applied to display unit to the damage of thin slice, can not damage the heat-sinking capability of radiator of the present invention.Can also adopt insulation material layer.
In addition, the predetermined surface that abuts display unit of radiator can have the material facing, with the thermal property that improves radiator of the present invention and/or reprocess character.Preferably metallic aluminium or copper, most preferably aluminium.Although with regard to bigger contact resistance, possibly have some thermal loss (because the graphite surface of when using facing, complying with does not contact with apparatus surface), can compensate through ML calorifics isotropism.But, moreover, owing to be that facing bonds to apparatus surface, be convenient to,, allow fast and with no damage from display unit surface removal radiator because the structure of metal finish is stronger than bonding reprocessing or removing radiator of the present invention during other purposes.
As shown in fig. 1, the Reference numeral that is used for radiator of the present invention is 10 flexible graphite platelet or lamination, in case form, just can cut into required shape, in most of the cases is rectangle.Radiator 10 has two first type surfaces 12 and 14; And at least one edge (or side) face; And if radiator 10 is that rectangle has four edge surface 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d (obviously usually; When radiator 10 is cut into when being not foursquare shape,, will have the edge surface of varying number) like circle or more complicated shape.
Referring now to Fig. 1-3, advantageously, radiator 10 comprises protective finish 20, peels off from flexible graphite platelet or the lamination that constitutes radiator 10 in order to prevent graphite particle, and on the contrary, graphite particle can separate.Protective finish 20 also helps isolated radiator 10 effectively, the electrical interference that causes when avoiding comprising electric conducting material (graphite) in the electronic installation.Protective finish 20 can comprise anyly is enough to prevent that graphite material from peeling off and/or electricity is isolated the suitable material of graphite, such as thermoplastic such as polyethylene, polyester or polyimides, paraffin and/or lacquer materials.In fact, different with the electricity isolation when needs ground connection, protective finish 20 can comprise metal such as aluminium.
Advantageously, isolate in order to obtain required sheet resistance and/or electricity, it is thick that protective finish 20 preferably should be at least about 0.001mm.Although there is not real maximum ga(u)ge in protective finish 20, but that protective finish 20 should be no more than about 0.025mm is thick, for the preferred thickness that works effectively is no more than about 0.005mm.
When radiator 10 was applied to display unit such as plasma display panel, the first type surface 12 of radiator 10 was the surface that effectively contacts with display panel.Equally, in many application, contacting between first type surface 12 and the display panel is used for " sealing " first type surface 12, prevents that graphite from peeling off, thereby need not to apply first type surfaces 12 with protective finish 20.Equally, if first type surface 14 is isolated with the remainder electricity of the electronic installation that is provided with radiator 10, then will not isolate by first type surface 12 electricity.But; In order to handle or other considerations; In some embodiments; Can protective finish 20 be coated on two first type surfaces 12 and 14 of radiator 10, radiator 10 is on graphite flake and the first type surface 12 between employed any adhesive, and adhesive is used for radiator 10 is bonded to the plasma display panel (not shown).
Can be that radiator 10 is provided with protective finish 20 through multiple distinct methods.For example; In case the size and dimension that flexible graphite platelet or lamination is cut into regulation is to form radiator 10; Then can on single radiator 10, apply and be used to form the material of protective finish 20,, and extend to beyond the side etc. so that flow to fully around first type surface 14 and the edge surface etc.; Around radiator 10, to form protectiveness sheet border, as shown in fig. 1.For this reason, the multiple painting method that can know by one of skill in the art applies protective finish 20, like spraying, roller coat and heat lamination.
In another embodiment; As shown in Figure 2, can protective finish 20 be coated on the radiator 10, (for example to cover one or more edge surface 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d; Outside depending on that which edge surface is exposed to, thereby can peel off and/or produce electrical interference potentially).Can and implement lamination through the machinery mapping and apply protective finish 20 this.
In further embodiment of this invention, and as shown in Figure 3, protective finish 20 is applied on the radiator 10, thereby only applies first type surface 14.Make a kind of special preferable methods of present embodiment radiator 10; Be such as through roller coat, with adhesive range upon range of or heat lamination; With protective finish 20 coating flexible graphite flake or laminations, then flexible graphite platelet or lamination are cut into required radiator 10 shapes.By this method, it is maximum to make efficient in the manufacture process, and the waste of protective finish 20 is minimum.
Usually, for great majority are used, coating procedure with protective finish 20 sufficient intensities be bonded to radiator 10.But; If necessary; Perhaps for non-sticky protective finish 20 comparatively speaking; Like Mylar
polyester material and Kapton polyimide material (can buying from the E.I.du Pont de Nemours and Company of Wilmington Delaware for two kinds); Adhesive phase 30 can be coated between radiator 10 and the protective finish 20, as shown in Figure 3.Suitable adhesive is an adhesive of being convenient to protective finish 20 is bonded to radiator 10, like acrylic acid or emulsion binder.Adhesive phase 30 can be coated to radiator 10 and protective finish 20 any one go up perhaps and be coated on both.Advantageously, adhesive phase 30 is thin as much as possible, still keeps bonding between protective finish 20 and the radiator 10 simultaneously.Best, the thickness of adhesive phase 30 is not more than about 0.015mm.
In addition, in another embodiment, radiator 10 can comprise the finish coat between the surface of surface 12 and display unit of plant radiator 10.As stated, finish coat is preferably metal, like aluminium, and can use the surface 12 and the adhesive phase between the finish coat that are coated in radiator 10 to be bonded to surface 12, and is as shown in fig. 1.Suitable adhesive is acrylic acid or emulsion binder, and can be coated to spreader surface 12 and finish coat wherein on any one or both.Certainly, adhesive applies thinly as much as possible, still keeps bonding between finish coat and the surface 12 simultaneously, and preferred thickness is not more than about 0.015mm.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, finish coat can be with protective finish 20, so that heat radiator 10 is sealed between finish coat and the protective finish 20.Particularly, if finish coat extends to outsides such as the edge of radiator 10, then can apply protective finish on every side at radiator 10 and finish coat.Perhaps, can adopt material, the edge between sealing finish coat and the protective finish 20 etc. such as aluminium strip.
Though just being applied to the radiator of plasma display panel is illustrated the application; But but the method and the radiator of knowledge capital invention can be applicable to other emission display thermals source equally; Perhaps thermal source collector (correlation function is equivalent to the set of each discharge cell that constitutes plasma display panel); Like light-emitting diode, and the display unit of other generation localized hyperthermia districts or hot spot, like LCD.
The operation and the effect of following Example explanation one embodiment of the invention, but only be used for explanation, do not limit desired scope of the present invention and width.
Example 1
Under following different screen condition, analyze Panasonic's plasma television (model: thermal property TH42PA20) of the acrylic acid radiator of the dorsal part that uses the attachment plasma display panel.On display, produce white and black pattern, and use thermal camera to measure the screen surface temperature.Background all is a black in all cases.Pattern comprises: even 4 * 3 arrays (4% screen illumination) of white point at interval 1) evenly spaced three white lines of level (23.9% screen illumination) and 2 on screen).After detection has the device of conventional acrylic acid radiator, remove the acrylic acid radiator, and to be replaced by thickness be that pyroconductivity is the flexible graphite radiator of about 260W/m ° K in 1.4mm and the plane.Under condition same as described above, detect plasma scope then once more, list the result in the table 1.
Table 1
| Pattern | Radiator | Tmax | White pattern T scope | Environment |
| The white line pattern | Acrylic acid | 49.3 | ?30 | 24.1 |
| The white line pattern | Flexible graphite platelet | 48.6 | ?34.4 | 23.5 |
| The white point array pattern | Acrylic acid | 51.8 | ?30.4 | 24.3 |
| The white point array pattern | Flexible graphite platelet | 39.3 | ?28.3 | 23.4 |
Example 2:
Under following different screen condition, analyze to use the thermal property of the NEC plasma scope (model: Plasmasync 42 " 42XM2 HD) of the aluminium/silicones radiator of the dorsal part that is attached to plasma display panel.On display, produce white and black pattern, and use thermal camera to measure the screen surface temperature.Background all is a black in all cases.Pattern comprises: even 4 * 3 arrays (4% screen illumination) of white point at interval 1) evenly spaced three white lines of level (23.9% screen illumination) and 2 on screen).After detection has the device of conventional aluminium/silicones radiator, remove aluminium/silicones radiator, and to be replaced by thickness be that pyroconductivity is the flexible graphite radiator of about 260W/m ° K in 1.4mm and the plane.Under condition same as described above, detect plasma scope then once more, list the result in the table 2.
Table 2
| Pattern | Radiator | Tmax | White pattern T scope | Environment |
| The white line pattern | Aluminium/silicones | 61.4 | ?32.9 | 25.2 |
| The white line pattern | Flexible graphite platelet | 55.1 | 33.9 | 24.9 |
These example shows use the flexible graphite radiator more useful than conventional heat sink technology aspect observed maximum temperature (Tmax) and temperature range (T scope).
All references patent and the publication mentioned among the application draw for referencial use at this.
Described the present invention obviously can change in several ways.This change should not be regarded as having departed from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all these modification that those skilled in the art obviously can draw all comprise within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (24)
1. display unit that comprises radiator; Said radiator has two first type surfaces; Said radiator comprises at least one compressed particles sheet of leafing graphite; Whole and the said display unit direct heat of the said first type surface of at least one of wherein said radiator contacts; And the said first type surface of at least one of wherein said radiator also comprises the finish coat on the said first type surface that is attached to said radiator, and said finish coat is predetermined to be abutted said display unit and be arranged between the said compressed particles sheet and said display unit of said leafing graphite, with the thermal property that improves said radiator and/or reprocess character.
2. display unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said finish coat comprises metal.
3. display unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said radiator comprises laminate, and said laminate comprises a plurality of compressed particles sheets of said leafing graphite.
4. display unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said radiator comprises that one deck at least places the non-graphite material between the said leafing graphite except said finish coat.
5. display unit as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, said non-graphite material layer comprises metal, polymer or insulating material.
6. display unit as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; It comprises emission display, and the surface area of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite is greater than that part of surface area of the discharge cell at the back side of facing said emission display.
7. display unit as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that said emission display is a plasma display panel.
8. display unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, at least one said first type surface is coated with protective finish, is enough to prevent that graphite particle from peeling off.
9. display unit as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that said protective finish comprises metal or thermoplastic.
10. display unit as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that the thickness of said protective finish is not more than 0.025mm.
11. display unit as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, said protective finish is effectively isolated the first type surface and the environment electricity of the coating of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite.
12. display unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite has edge surface, and at least one said edge surface is coated with and is enough to the protective finish that prevents that graphite particle from peeling off.
13. display unit as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, it also comprises the adhesive phase between said at least one the compressed particles sheet that places said protective finish and said leafing graphite.
14. display unit as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, it also comprises the adhesive phase that places between said protective finish and the said display unit.
15. display unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said display unit comprises light-emitting diode.
16. display unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said radiator also comprises position adhesive phase on it.
17. display unit that comprises radiator; Said radiator has two first type surfaces; Said radiator comprises at least one compressed particles sheet of leafing graphite; Whole and the said display unit direct heat of the said first type surface of at least one of wherein said radiator contacts, and at least a portion of at least one compressed particles sheet of wherein said leafing graphite is coated with protective finish, is enough to prevent that graphite particle from peeling off.
18. display unit as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, said protective finish comprises metal or thermoplastic.
19. display unit as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, the thickness of said protective finish is not more than 0.025mm.
20. display unit as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, said protective finish is effectively isolated the part and the environment electricity of the coating of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite.
21. display unit as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, said radiator also comprises position adhesive phase on it.
22. display unit as claimed in claim 17; It is characterized in that; It comprises emission display, and the surface area of said at least one compressed particles sheet of said leafing graphite is greater than that part of surface area of the discharge cell at the back side of facing said emission display.
23. display unit as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, said emission display is a plasma display panel.
24. display unit as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, said display unit comprises light-emitting diode.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/685103 | 2003-10-14 | ||
| US10/685,103 US7138029B2 (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2003-10-14 | Heat spreader for plasma display panel |
| US10/897,308 US7160619B2 (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2004-07-22 | Heat spreader for emissive display device |
| US10/897308 | 2004-07-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1617661A CN1617661A (en) | 2005-05-18 |
| CN1617661B true CN1617661B (en) | 2012-06-06 |
Family
ID=34798976
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004100880898A Expired - Fee Related CN1617661B (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | Heat spreader for display device |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (2) | KR20050036787A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1617661B (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1078731A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI277998B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102159060B (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2013-07-03 | 格拉弗技术国际控股有限公司 | Heat spreader for emissive display device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5831374A (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 1998-11-03 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Plasma display panel, method of fabricating the same, and display apparatus using the plasma display panel |
| US6245400B1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2001-06-12 | Ucar Graph-Tech Inc. | Flexible graphite with non-carrier pressure sensitive adhesive backing and release liner |
| US6407922B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-06-18 | Intel Corporation | Heat spreader, electronic package including the heat spreader, and methods of manufacturing the heat spreader |
| US6482520B1 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2002-11-19 | Jing Wen Tzeng | Thermal management system |
| JP2003168882A (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-13 | Sony Corp | Heat conductive sheet |
| CN1725945A (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2006-01-25 | 先进能源科技公司 | Heat spreader for display device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3981427A (en) * | 1975-04-28 | 1976-09-21 | Brookes Ronald R | Method of laminating graphite sheets to a metal substrate |
-
2004
- 2004-10-08 TW TW093130543A patent/TWI277998B/en active
- 2004-10-14 CN CN2004100880898A patent/CN1617661B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-14 KR KR1020040082298A patent/KR20050036787A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2005
- 2005-11-17 HK HK05110320.5A patent/HK1078731A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-01-09 KR KR1020060002172A patent/KR100903351B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5831374A (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 1998-11-03 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Plasma display panel, method of fabricating the same, and display apparatus using the plasma display panel |
| US6245400B1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2001-06-12 | Ucar Graph-Tech Inc. | Flexible graphite with non-carrier pressure sensitive adhesive backing and release liner |
| US6482520B1 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2002-11-19 | Jing Wen Tzeng | Thermal management system |
| US6407922B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-06-18 | Intel Corporation | Heat spreader, electronic package including the heat spreader, and methods of manufacturing the heat spreader |
| JP2003168882A (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-13 | Sony Corp | Heat conductive sheet |
| CN1725945A (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2006-01-25 | 先进能源科技公司 | Heat spreader for display device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20050036787A (en) | 2005-04-20 |
| HK1078731A1 (en) | 2006-03-17 |
| TWI277998B (en) | 2007-04-01 |
| KR100903351B1 (en) | 2009-06-23 |
| TW200523968A (en) | 2005-07-16 |
| KR20060006987A (en) | 2006-01-20 |
| CN1617661A (en) | 2005-05-18 |
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